copy of ansys lab

8/13/2019 Copy of Ansys Lab

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INDEX

Name of the Lab :

Name of the Staff in-charge :

Sl.

No

Date of

ExperimentName of the Experiment

Page

NoStaff Sign


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solve real engineering problems and in identifying when modeling mistakes have been made

(which can easily occur)

The eight steps mentioned above have to be carried out before any meaningful information

can be obtained regardless of the size and complexity of the to be solved.However,the specific

commands and procedures that must be used for each of the steps will vary from one finite elementpackage to another.The solution procedure for ANSYS is described in this tutor.

Limitations of finite element methods

Finite element methods are extremely versatile and powerful and can enable designers to obtain

information about the behavior of complicated structures with almost arbitrary loading. In spite of the

significant advances that have been made in developing finite element packages, the results obtained

must be carefully examined before they can be used. Thus point can be over emphasized.

The most significant limitation of finite element methods is that the accuracy of the obtained

solution is usually a function of the mesh resolution. Any regions of highly concentrated stress.Suchas around loading points and supports,must be carefully analyzed with the use of a sufficiently refined

mesh.In addition,there are some more problems which are inherently singular(the stresses are

theoretically infinite).Special efforts must be made to analyze such problems.

An additional concern for any user is that because current packages can solve so many

sophisticated problems, there is a strong temptation to solveproblems with outdoing the hard work

of thinking them and understanding the underlying mechanics and physical applications.Modern finite

element packages tools that have become increasingly indispensable to mechanical design and

analysis. How ever they also make it easy for users to make big mistakes.

Obtaining solutions with finite element methods often requires substantial amounts ofcomputer and user time. Nevertheless,finite element packages have become increasingly

indispensable to mechanical design and analysis.

AN INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS

Overview

Presented below is an introduction ANSYS.In this, you simulate the loading of a

square,elastic plate with a central hole under plane stress conditions.Because of the symmetry of the


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problem,you only need to model 1/4 of the plate as indicated on the right hand side below: the lines

lab sled 1and2are lines of mirror symmetry.

The purpose of the analysis is to determine the stress and strains surrounding the hole. From

such an analysis you can tell,for instance the stress at which the plate will begin to yield (based on a

von mises criterion).There are analytical solutions for this problem (one of which is shown in Dietersbook,chapter 2),so it is possible to cheek the numerical answers from finite element analysis (FEM)

based on the analytical solutions.

The analysis below proceeds through the following steps

1) Define the type of problem(structural)

2) Define the element type to be used

3) Specify material properties

4) Define the shape of the object.

5) Mesh the object

6) Define the( loadcan mean stresses, displacements,temps.etc)

7) Obtain a solution

8)Access and interpret the results.

The details

After entering into ANSYS you should be presented with a collection of window.The firstwindow you are interested in is at the left hand side of the screen and called ANSYS MAIN MENU.It

contains headings like

PREFERENCES

PREPROCESSOR

Etc.

1. Define the type of problem (structural)To specify the general type of problem in which you are interested (a structural problem),

click with your mouse on

PREFERENCES

This opens a window.Click on

WILL SHOW

Next to STRUCTUTRAL. You can now hit

OK

To get out of PREFERENCES.You are now going to work in the PREPROCESSOR.

Essentially,most of the work is done here (steps1-5 above).

2.

Define the element type to be used.CLICK

PREPROCESSOR

If you havent already.Next choose

ELEMENT TYPE


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Choose

ADD

Which takes you a library of element types?Choose

STRUCTURAL SOLID

Choose

QUAD4NODE 42

Then hit

OK

You are doing a two dimensional problem and the quad 4node 42 element is a 2D element (or

if needed an element for cylindrical symmetry,which can be treated as quasi 2 D element).The

element can either do plane stress or plane strain. You can vary option by getting into OPTIONS

window.By default,the element is set to plane stress. Now get out of the ELEMENT TYPES and back

into the PREPROCESSOR by clicking.

CLOSE

Next, you want to specify the important material parameter.3. Specify material properties.

In the PREPROCESSOR,choose

MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Choose

MATERIAL MODELS

LINEAR

ELASTIC

ISOTROPIC

You want to input properties, say

EX=200e3(The youngs modulus of steel in mpa) and poissons ratio

PRXY=0.3

You want to save the material parameters by hitting

OK

And closing the MATERIAL MODELS window.You should return to the PREPROCESSOR

window. You are now ready to start detailing the shape of the object.

4. Define the shape of the objectFrom the PREPROCESSOR window choose MODELLING

In MODELLING choose

CREATEThen choose

AREAS

And

RECTAGLE

You can size and locate the rectangle by choosing

BY DIMENSIONS

To create a 1010 square, fill in the box

0 100 10

Click OK to get out of the DIMENSIONS box and then close the RECTANGLE box. At this point, a

big rectangle should appear on the screen. You are next going to introduce a circle to the drawing so

that you can subtract it from the rectangle.In the AREAS window choose

CIRCLE


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Then choose

BY DIMENSIONS and set

OUTER RADIUS 3

And

ENDING ANGLE 90

Then hit

OK

And close the CIRCLE and CREATE windows.You should now be back in the

PREPROCESSOR.You want to subtract the circle from the rectangle so open

MODELING

And then

OPERATE

BOOLEANS

SUBTRACT

At this point a SUBTRACT areas box will open up.you should look carefully for instructions in a

grey dialog box or window at the left bottom of ANSYS screen menu window. Then instructionsrequest that you click with the mouse on the area from which you are going to subtract something.

Click THE MOUSE SOMEWHERE IN THE CENTER OF THE RECTANGLE,and then hit

OK

Next, the dialog box requests that you use the mouse to indicate the area to be subtracted.CLICK THE

MOUSE ON THE CIRCLE and then hit

OK

Close the SUBTRACT and OPERATE windows and then return to the PREPROCESSOR. The object

should look like this:

The sides have been numbered of the object in the above diagram to help with subsequent

instructions: the numbers are not shown on the ANSYS screen. Now you can get out of modeling.You

are ready to mesh the object.

5. Mesh the objectIn the PREPROCESSOR go under MESHING and choose

SIZE CONTROLS

Then

LINES

And PICKED LINES

A menu window will open up and the box at the bottom left of ANSYS will ask you to use

the mouse to pick the lines to be meshed. CLICK ON LINES 1AND 2 WITH THE MOUSE. If youaccidentally click on the wrong line, you can undo your choice by hitting the secondary button on the

mouse. Doing this will turn the mouse cursor from an upward-pointing arrow Y to a downward


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pointing arrow B.if you click on the unwanted object with the downward pointing arrow ; it is taken

off list of picked lines.After choosing lines 1 and 2 you should hit

OK

And a new menu will pop up.Set the following boxes:

Ndiv 20

SPACE1/3

And hit

OK

To help you see what you have done, you can now go up to plot menu under the main utility

window at the top of ANSYS and click LINES. This action will cause the computer to show the

boundary lines including nodes established on lines 1 and 2. There are 20 nodes (Ndiv=20) on each

line, and the nodes near the outer surface are separated by thrice the separations of nodes the inner

circle because it acts as a stress concentrator: the stress varies rapidly within this region. Next hit

PICKED LINES

Again choose the circularshaped inner line labeled 3 in above diagram. SetNDIV 21

Space 1

Hit

OK

And get out of the SHAPE AND SIZE WINDOW (you should be back in the PREPROCESSOR)

NEXT click

MESH

Click on mouse on

AREAS

Click the mouse on

MAPPED

Then

CONCATENATE-LINES

The computer will ask you to pick the lines to concatenate (join together for the purpose of

meshing):you should choose lines 4 and 5 in the above diagram,the reason for doing that is that it is

impossible to construct a 5 sided object(your rectangle with a hole)from a 4- side pieces (the

elements quad 4 node 42) you join together two of the sides to make the object 4-sided.Hit

OK

Next choose

3 OR 4 SICED

The computer will ask you to choose the area to be meshed.Choose your rectangle,then hit

OK

Then computer should think a little bit then produce a mesh that looks something like a spider web:

You are now finished meshing the area.Close the windows

and return to preprocessor.If for some reason the mesh looks asymmetric or messy,you can try


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repeating the meshing sequence and middle around until you get something that looks nice (this will

probably not be a problem).

6. Define the loadsBack in the preprocessor window,choose

(DEFINE) LOADSAt the bottom of the window. In this window,choose

TIME/FREQUENCY

TIME &SUBSTEPS

And enter

Time at end of steps 10

Number of sub steps 10

Choose

STEPPED

Boundary conditions)

And hitOK

Next, in the LOADS WINDOW hit

APPLY

Then

STRUCTURAL

THEN

PRESSURE

And finally

ON LINES

The computer finally asks you choose with the mouse the lines on which the pressure is to be applied.

Choose line 4(top of rectangle) with the mouse, then click

OK

The computer will ask you for the amount of pressure. A positive number corresponds to a

compressive pressure, while a negative number corresponds to a tensile pressure. A reasonable value

of stress corresponds toE/100 orE/1000:you might usele3 corresponding to e/200 (if earlier you

used E=200e3).After you input the number hit

OK

Then close the PRESSURE window. At this point little one or more little red arrows will appear on

the screen indicating that traction exists.Next in the STRUCTURAL menu, choose

DISPLACEMENTS

Then

SYMMETRY

ON LINES

The program will ask you to indicate the lines of symmetry; you should choose lines 1and line2. You

ready to ask the computer to solve the problem that you have set up.

7. Obtain a solutionFrom the MAIN MENU pick the

SOLUTION

Window.From the SOLUTION window,choose

SOLVE

Then

CURRENTLS

Then hit


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OK

The program will crunch along, and will eventually halt and produce a pretty picture showing the

boundary conditions on the plate.

8. Plotting the resultsBack in the MAIN MENU choose

GENERAL POST PROCESSOR

Then

READ RESULTS

Choose what you want plotted (LAST RESULTS, STRESS,Y-DIRECTION,then hit

OK

And get back into GENERAL POST PROCESSOR.Next hit

PLOT RESULTS

And ELEMENT SOLUTIONS

You then to decided what it is you want to plot.You can now animate the picture by going to the

ANSYS/UNIVERSITY UTILITY MENU at the top of the computer screen and clickingPLOTCTRLA

ANIMATE

DEFORMED RESULTS

STRESS (for instance)

Y-DIRECTION (for instance)

You can plot stress Vs position by going into

GENERAL POST PROCESSOR

PATH OPERATONS

DEFINE PATH

Then clicking on two nodes that you wish to define as the first and last points along a path along

which you wish to obtain the strain or stress.After seleeting nodes,click

OK

Then under PATH OPERATIONS click

MAP ON TO PATH

And for instance click

STRESS

Y-DIRECTION

OKNext click

PLOT PATH ITEMS

SY

OK


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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

Ex.No:2

DATE:

AIM:

To structural analyze of simply supported beam for stresses and

deflection.

SOFTWARE USED:ANSYS 11.0

PROCEDURE:

The modules available in ANSYS are

PreferencesStructural Prepocessor Element TypeAdd /

Edit / Delete Add Beam Real constants Add / Edit / Delete

Add(100,833,10)Material PropsMaterial ModelsStructural

Linear Elastic Isotropic Modeling Create

KeypointsIn Active CS ( )apply ( )OK LinesLinesStraight line Click ( 1

stpoint to 2

ndpoint )

MeshingMesh toollines (select line)Edge length(10)

MeshSelect lineSolutionDefine loadsApplystructural

Displacement On keypointsSelect 1stpoint Select *

+

On keypoint select 2nd

point Select Pressure On Beams Pick All node1(1) General Postproc Plot result Contour

plot Nodal solu Dot Solution Displacement vector sum

Element table Define table Add Smaxi by sequence num

NMISC1ApplySMAXJBy sequence numNMISC3OK

Plot result

Line element result .

Set


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RESULT:

Thus the simply supported beam with a point load was analyzed for

stress, deflection, and bending moment successfully.


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STRESS ANALYSIS OF A CANTILEVER BEAM

Ex.No:3

DATE:

AIM:

To stress analysis of a cantilever Beam.


PROCEDURE:


PreferencesstructuralPrepocessorElement typeAdd / Edit

/ Delete add Beam Real constants Add / Edit / Delete

Add(100,833,10)Material propsMaterial models Structural

Linear Elastic Isotropic Modeling Create

KeypointsIn Active CS

( )

apply

(

)

OK Lines Lines Straight line Click ( 1stpoint to 2

ndpoint )

MeshingMesh toolsmart sizeMeshSelect lineSolution

Define loadsApplyStructuralDisplacementOn Keypoints

Select 1st point All DOF Force/ Moment On keypoints

Select 2nd

point (-100) Solve Current LSGeneral

postprocPlot resultsDeformed shafeDef+ underformedOK

FY


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RESULT:


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Thus the stress analysis of a cantilever beam was analyzed for stress

and deflection by using ANSYS 11.0.


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ANAYSIS OF A PLATE WITH A HOLE

Ex.No:4

DATE:

AIM:

To stress analysis of a plate with a hole .


PROCEDURE:


PreferencesStructural Preprocessor Element typeAdd /

Edit / DeleteAddSolid8 node 82OKoptionsPlane strs

w /thkReal constantsAdd / Edit / DeleteAddOkTHK (20)

Material Props Material models Structural Linear Elastic

Isotropic Modeling Create Areas

Rectangle By 2 corners (0,0,200,100) Circle Solid circle(100,50,20) Operate Booleans SubtractAreas Click

Rectangle surface Ok Apply Select circle Next Ok

Meshing Mesh tool smart size Mesh Pick All solution

Define loadsApplyStructuralDisplacementOn linesselect

lineAll DOFOkPressureOn linesPick opposite lineOk

Load PRES value(-1) Ok solve Current LS General

Postproc Plot results Deformed shafe Def + underformed

Contour plotNodal solutionstressvon mises stressOk.


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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF AN-L-BRACKET

Ex.No:5

DATE:

AIM:

To structural analyze on L bracket for stresses and deflection by using

ANSYS 11.0.


PROCEDURE:


Preferences Structural Prepocessor Element Type Add / Edit /

Delete Add Beam Real constants Add / Edit / Delete Add

(100,833,10) Material Props Material Models Structural Linear

ElasticIsotropic ModelingCreateKeypoints

In Active CS ( ) apply ( ) apply

( ) apply (

) apply (

)

apply ( )OK Lines Lines Straight line create linein all points Meshing Mesh tool smart size Mesh Pick all

solution define loads Apply Structural displacement On

keypointsclick 1 & 6th

pointOkAll DOFOkForce / Moment

ON keypoints Select 3rdpoint Ok (-100) Ok Solve Current LS General Post proc Plot results contour plot Nodal

solutionDOF SolutionDisplacement vector sumOk.


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RESULT:

Thus the L Bracket subjected to a load on the top edge was analyzed for

stress, deflection, by using ANSYS 11.0.


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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THIN PLATE

Ex.No:6

DATE:

AIM

To stress analysis of a plate with hole.

Software used

ANSYS 12.0

PROCEDURE


Preference Structural Preprocessor Element Type Add/Edit/Delete Add

Solid 8node 82 Ok Options Plane Strs W /Thk Real Constants

Add/Edit/Delete Add Ok Thk (20) Material Props Material Models

Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic Modeling Create Areas

Rectangle By 2 Corners (0,0,200,100) Meshing Mesh Tool Smart Size Mesh

Pick All Solutions Defineloads Apply Structural Displacement On Lines

Selectline All Dof Ok Pressure On Lines Pick Oppositeline Ok Load

Presvalue (-1) Ok Solve Current LS General Post Proc Plot Result

Deformed Snap Def +Undeformed Contour Plot Nodal Solution Stress Von

Mises Stress Ok


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RESULT

Thus the stress analysis of a plate with a hole was analyzed for stress and deflection by using

ANSYS 12.0


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ANALYSIS OF AXIS SYMMETRY

Ex.No:7

DATE:

AIM

To structural analysis of axis symmetri in channel section ANSYS 12.0

Software used

ANSYS 12.0

Procedure

The Modules Available In ANSYS Are Preferences Structural Preprocessor

Element Type Add/Edit/Delete Add Beam Real Constants Add/Edit/Delete

Add (100,833,10) Material Probs Material Models Structural Linear

Elastic Isotropic Modeling Create Keypoints In Active CS

( ) Apply (

) Apply (

) Apply

( ) Apply ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )Ok Lines Lines Straight Line Create Line In All Points Meshing Mesh Tool Smart Size Mesh Pick All Solution Define Loads

Apply Structural Displacement On Keypoints Click 1& 8thPoint Ok All

DOF Ok Force / Moment ON Keypoints Select 3 rdPoint Ok (-100) Ok Solve Current LS General Post Proc Plot Results Contour Plot

Nodal Solution DOF Solution Displacement Vector Sum Ok


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Result

Thus the axis symmetric to a c channel was analyzed for stress, deflection, by using ANSYS12.0


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MODEL AND ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM

Ex.No:8

DATE:

AIM:

To model and analyze cantilever beam

SOFTWARE USED: ANSYS 11.0

PROCEDURE:


Preferences Structural PrepocessorElement Type Add / Edit

/ Delete Add Beam Real constants Add / Edit / Delete Add


Elastic Isotropic Density DENS (8.76e-6) Ok

Modeling Create Keypoints In Active CS (

)

apply( )OK Lines Lines Straight line Createline Ok Meshing Size controls Manual size Global Size

edge length (10) Ok Mesh Lines select line Ok Solution

Analysis typeNew analysisModelOkAnalysis optionssubspace

No.of modes to extract(5) NMODE No.of modes to expand (5) Ok

define loadsApplyStructuralDisplacementOn keypointsselect

1stpoint OkAll DOFOk Solve Current LS General Post proc

( Read results First set Plot result Deformed shape Def

+Undeformed Ok ) (Read results Next set This procedure upto 4

times)Ok

In a tool bar (Plot ctrlsAnimateMode shapeOk).


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RESULT:

Thus the modal analysis of a cantilever beam was analyzed for model and

deflection by using ANSYS 11.0.


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MODEL AND ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

Ex.No:9

DATE:

AIM:

To model and analyze of a simply supported beam for stresses and

deflection.


PROCEDURE:The modules available in ANSYS are


/ Delete Add Beam Real constants Add / Edit / Delete Add


ElasticIsotropic[ ]DensityDENS (8.76e-6)Ok

Modeling Create Keypoints In Active CS ( )

apply( )OK Lines Lines Straight line Createline Ok Meshing Size controls Manual size Global Size

edge length (10) Ok Mesh Lines select line Ok Solution

Analysis typeNew analysisModelOkAnalysis optionssubspace

No.of modes to extract(5) NMODE No.of modes to expand (5) Ok

define loadsApplyStructuralDisplacementOn keypointsselect

1stpoint OkSelect ( )OkOn keypoints select 2

ndpoint

OkSelect Ok Pressure On beams Pick All Node I(1)OkSolveCurrent Ls General Post proc Read resultsFirst set

Plot resultDeformed shapeDef +UndeformedOk (Read results

Next setThis procedure upto 4 times)



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RESULT:

Thus the modal analysis of a simply supported beam was analyzed for

model and deflection by using ANSYS 11.0.


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MODEL AND ANALYSIS OF PLATE WITH A HOLE

Ex.No:10

DATE:

AIM:

To model and analyze of a plate with a hole.


PROCEDURE:



/ DeleteAddSolid8 node 82OKoptionsPlane strs w /thk

Real constants Add / Edit / Delete AddOk THK (20) Material

Props Material models Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic

Density DENS(8.76e-6) Modeling CreateAreas

Rectangle By 2 corners (0,0,200,100) Circle Solid circle

(100,50,20) Operate Booleans SubtractAreas Click Rectangle

surface Ok ApplySelect circle Next OkMeshing Size ctrls

Manual sizeAreasPicked areasPick All edge length(10)Ok

Mesh Areas Target surf Pick all solution Analysis type New

analysis Modal Ok Analysis options subspace No.of modes to

extract(5) NMODE No.of modes to expand (5) Ok define loads Apply Structural Displacement On lines Select one side line

OkAll DOFOk Solve Current Ls General Post proc Read

results First set Plot result Deformed shape Def +Undeformed

Ok Read resultsNext set(This procedure upto 4 times)



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RESULT:Thus the model analysis of a plate with a hole was analyzed for model

and deflection by using ANSYS 11.0.

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