copyright 2009 prentice hall. chapter 1 new world beginnings, 33,000 b.c.e.–1769 c.e
TRANSCRIPT
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Copyright 2009 Prentice Hall
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Chapter 1
New World Beginnings, 33,000
B.C.E.–1769 C.E.
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Figure 1-1a p5
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I. The Shaping of North America
• The Geography of North America– Mountains– Glaciers
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I. The Mountains of North America
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Rocky Mountain National Park
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Smoky Mountain National Park
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Glaciers caused the North American landscape to be transformed.
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II. Peopling the Americas
A land bridge connected Eurasiawith North America
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III. THE EARLIEST AMERICANS(PRE-COLUMBIAN CIVILIZATIONS)
• The Incas of Peru• Mayans in Central America• Aztecs in Mexico• Moundbuilders in theOhio River Valley.• Mississippian settlement was at Cahokia.• Iroquois Confederacy in Eastern Great Lakes
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Agricultural Based Societies
Three-sister farmingMaize (corn)BeansSquash
Early Peruvian ArtEarly Peruvian Art
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Map 1-2 p9
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IncanIncanEmpiresEmpires
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Mayan EmpiresMayan Empires
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Aztec EmpireAztec Empire
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CahokiaCahokia(Mississippian Culture)(Mississippian Culture)
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IV. Indirect Discoverers of the New World
• Norse seafarers from Scandinavia (Vikings)– Newfoundland, spot called Vinland.
• Confirmed
• Polynesian Contact ?
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VikingExploration
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V. Europeans Enter Africa
• Crusades and the ‘riches’ of the East• Marco Polo travels to the East
• Portuguese explore Sub-Saharan Africa– Plantation system founded– Slave trade started
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Map 1-3 p11
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Goree IslandGoree IslandSlave FortressSlave Fortress
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DoorDoorof Noof No
ReturnReturn
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VI. Columbus Comes upon a New World
• Christopher Columbus supported by Spanish• Ships landed on an island in the Bahamas• Columbus called the native peoples “Indians.”• A new global economic system emerged
– “The Columbian Exchange”
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Figure 1-2 p14
VII. When Worlds CollideVII. When Worlds Collide
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VIII. The Spanish Conquistadores
• “God, gold, and glory” motivated many
• Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) divided “New World” between Spain and Portugal
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Map 1-4 p16
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Map 1-5 p17
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IX. The Conquest of Mexico• Herman Cortés goal to capture Aztec capital
(Tenochtitlan)
• Moctezuma attacks, noche triste (sad night)
• Cortés and Spanish win
• Spanish and Indians intermarry– Create distinctive mestizos culture
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TenochtitlanTenochtitlan(Aztec Capital)(Aztec Capital)
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X. The Spread of Spanish America
• The Spanish built forts and churches– Florida, New Mexico, California, Texas– And defended ‘their’ territory
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Map 1-6 p21
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