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Counselors of Real Estate October 12, 2009

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In 2005, the US Census Bureau reported that 155,000,000 people, 53% of our population, resided in coastal areas. The vast majority of coastal communities have no structural protection from storm surges and rely on preparedness and intelligent development practices to mitigate risk. Hurricanes are a common occurrence throughout the Gulf Coast and Atlantic seaboard states since 2000, 71 hurricanes were reported of which 41 made landfall. Growth of Population Residing in Coastal Areas since 1950 Hurricanes and Landfall since 2000

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In 2005, there were 27 named storms 12 tropical and 15 hurricanes. 7 hurricanes made landfall. Dennis, Katrina, Rita, and Wilma were the worse creating havoc throughout the Gulf Coast, causing over $125 billion of damage, and testing all preparedness, protection, and response systems. These storms demonstrated our lack of understanding, respect, and ability to manage catastrophic natural events.

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DennisKatrinaRitaWilma Formed4-Jul-0523-Aug-0517-Sep-0515-Oct-05 Highest Wind Speed 150 mph175 mph180 mph185 mph Fatalities 42 direct 47 indirect 1,836 confirmed 705 missing 7 direct 113 indirect 23 direct 39 indirect Damage$4 billion$100 billion$10 billion$29.1 billion Communities throughout the Gulf Cost suffered significant loss of life and property. Coastal areas were devastated by high winds, storm surges and flooding. These storms overwhelmed everything in their paths.

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Hurricane Katrina was huge : Powerful with sustained winds over 130 mph. Had an incredible surge over 30 feet at the center and a footprint of 140 miles wide. Produced rain equivalent to the 500 year standard. Katrina was one of the largest and most powerful storms of the 20 th Century far bigger than hurricanes Betsy and Camille. It embodied the energy of 4 atomic bombs and overcame the structural defenses protecting the City of New Orleans. Katrina destroyed over 200 square miles of coastal areas in Louisiana more than 40% of the loss anticipated for the coming 50 years.

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While the wind speed was great, the volume of water and the energy it produced was phenomenal. When Katrinas surge hit land, it was moving well over 3.6 trillion cubic feet of water. Measured in Joules, Katrinas energy was 27 times that of Hurricane Betsy and nearly 4 times that of Camille.

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New Orleans Mobile 16 18 18 20 20 22 22 24 24 27 14 16 12 14 10 12 Katrina Maximum Water Depths Source: IPET Figures 74 & 75 (Volume IV The Storm (Pages IV-112 and 113)

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10 12 12 14 14 16 14 15 16 18 18 20 20 2222 24 24 28 Maximum Tidal Surge Elevations Hurricane Katrina Versus Betsy Hurricane Betsy Total Hurricane Energy Index = 3.1 GW Hurricane Katrina Total Hurricane Energy Index = 85.5 GW Mobile New Orleans 12 14 10 12 14 15 12 14 10 12 12 14 14 15 12 14 10 12

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12 14 14 16 14 15 16 18 18 20 20 2222 24 24 28 Maximum Tidal Surge Elevations Hurricane Katrina Versus Camille Hurricane Camille Total Hurricane Energy Index = 23.2 GW Hurricane Katrina Total Hurricane Energy Index = 85.5 GW Mobile New Orleans New Orleans

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The impact of a storm like Katrina could never be fully prevented; however, it could be mitigated. Of the over 100 billion dollars of damage, approximately $40 billion can be attributed to levee breaches and environmental deterioration. Beyond the direct impact, the long term consequences of the storm in the New Orleans metropolitan area will prove to be costly and significant.

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Katrina Maximum Water Depths 15 In River 10 12 At Lakefront 16 In River 14 - 16 12 - 14 16 - 18 18 - 20 20 - 22 22 - 24 24 - 27 3.0 3.0 >4.0 3.0

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Area All Damage M&S M&S Flood Total 1,197,499 305,109 217,078 Louisiana 515,249 204,737 168,813 Orleans 134,344 105,155 99,989 Louisiana43.0%67.1%77.8% Orleans11.2%34.5%46.1% Nearly 1,200,000 homes were damaged by Katrina of this amount, 43% were in Louisiana. Throughout the impact area, 26% of all damage was Major or Severe in contrast to 40% in LA and 78% in New Orleans. Flooding was clearly the primary cause of Major or Severe damage but particularly in LA where it accounted for 83% and in New Orleans where it was over 95%.

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The Hardee Map of 1878 displays the layout of New Orleans when the citys population was about 203,000. Areas developed and settled since then were affected severely by post-Katrina flooding. The flood did not discriminate by race or class. It did discriminate historically: it took out everything but the old city. If you asked an architecture criticto design a flood of this size in New Orleans, he would have given you something like this one. -Michael Lewis, The New York Times, October 9, 2005 The flood did not discriminate by race or class. It did discriminate historically: it took out everything but the old city. If you asked an architecture criticto design a flood of this size in New Orleans, he would have given you something like this one. -Michael Lewis, The New York Times, October 9, 2005

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The following slides illustrate resettlement patterns in the City on a biannual basis from January 2006 through January 2009. These maps demonstrate how repopulation has radiated outward from areas which recovered quickly after the storm. In each of these maps, red represents areas in which activity is less than 20% of its pre-Katrina level. Green represents areas in which activity is greater than 80% of its pre-Katrina level. Yellow and orange display areas in transition between these levels. Boundaries of New Orleans City Council Districts are also displayed.

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Estimated Single Family Home Value = $177,960 (assumes in livable condition) 6,502 units occupied pre-Katrina but now vacant. Source: www.city-data.com, GCR & Associates, Inc.www.city-data.com

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Demonstrative Progress 77% of pre-storm population 71% of pre-storm job figures 77% of pre-storm commercial activity $5 Billion invested in 68,000 housing units $15 Billion in improved hurricane protection Major Challenges 80,000 jobs lost in the metro area 50% increase in rents More than 60,000 vacant homes Damaged infrastructure Diminished services Minimal private investment While the recovery of the region and particularly the City of New Orleans is progressing better than many national experts originally predicted, there are significant challenges that must be addressed as we move forward.

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The Metropolitan Area has 88% of its pre storm population Jefferson Parish is back to pre-storm levels St. Tammany, St. Charles and St. John the Baptist Parishes have grown Orleans, Plaquemines and St. Bernard Parishes have substantially fewer residents Source: U.S. Census and GCR & Associates, Inc. using data provided by Entergy Louisiana and ESRI, Inc.

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The City of New Orleans continues to recover Approximately 77% of its pre-storm population has returned While very high, vacant residential properties continue to be absorbed Over 70% of the jobs based in Orleans Parish have returned Commercial activity is currently at 76% of pre-storm levels While increasing, school enrollment continues to lag other indicators

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Estimated Single Family Home Value = $395,442 3,875 units occupied pre-Katrina but now vacant. Lakeview Estimated Single Family Home Value = $177,960 6,502 units occupied pre-Katrina but now vacant. Gentilly

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Fair Market Rent for a 2-Bedroom Unit

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Source: Louisiana Workforce Commission, Spring 2009, HUD-published Fair Market Rents for 2009, and Low Income Housing Tax Credit rent limits for New Orleans MSA provided by Novogradac and Company, LLP Housing Affordability Gap for Top Ten In-Demand Occupations

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Source: Louisiana Workforce Commission Employment by Industry for New Orleans MSA

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Growing civic interest and participation Emerging community of young, civic-minded professionals Burgeoning health care and film industries Green Movement Improving public education Many centrally located mixed income housing developments

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Blighted and abandoned homes Post recovery economic drivers Stagnant job growth Many residents do not have the financial means to rebuild Limited access to affordable healthcare, childcare and transportation A high and unabating crime rate Confidence in our hurricane protection and loss of coastal areas

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While the population of the City will continue to grow, it will likely not reach pre-Katrina levels in the near future Our capacity to absorb or redevelop blighted and abandoned homes will pace the recovery in many neighborhoods As our population continues to grow, we move closer to our pre storm demographic profile With more than $20 billion in new investments, the city has the potential to emerge as a stronger, more resilient and economically diverse community

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For more information: Gregory C. Rigamer grigamer@gcrConsulting.com 2021 Lakeshore Drive, Ste. 500 New Orleans, LA 70122 800.259.6192 | 504.304.2500 www.gcrConsulting.com