country profile- pakistan

8/11/2019 Country Profile- Pakistan

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COUNTRY PROFILE

Location

Pakistan 2o3cially !slamic 4epublic o Pakistan5 is a country in /outh &sia. !t

is bordered by countries such as &ghanistan and !ran in the west, !ndia inthe east and +hina in the northeast. !t has a %6) kilometer coastline

alongside the &rabian /ea and the 7ul o 0man in the south. 0ther

countries like Tajikistan and 8angladesh share a close pro"imity to Pakistan

as well.

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Figure 1: Map o! Pa"itan

Ma#or Citie

!slamabad is the countrys capital. The most important cities are$

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%. 9arachi, which is the largest city'. :ahore, the second largest city(. ultan). Peshawar*. ;uetta

The urban population is appro"imately (< o the total population 2'66=5,

and the annual rate o change o urbani>ation is (< 2'66*-'6%6 est.5

C$i%ate

Pakistani climate mainly consists o our seasons$

a cool and dry winter, starting at ?ecember and lasting till @ebruary

a hot and dry spring, rom arch to ay summer or monsoon season, rom Aune to /eptember

the withdrawing monsoon o 0ctober and oember

The beginning and length o these seasons diBer slightly in arious locations.

@loods and droughts are not unusual in Pakistan, as the country got hit by a

Cood ery recently. The amount o rainall also dramatically aries rom year

to year. !n the northern part o the country, people e"perience snowall and

the weather can be characteri>ed as temperate in the northwest.

Nationa$ F$ag o! Pa"itan Ta&$e 1: Nationa$ S'%&o$o! Pa"itan

Figure (: F$ag o! Pa"itan

The Cag, as can be seen aboe is green and white in colour. The let side is the

ertical white which acknowledges the role o the religious minorities. & white

)

E%&$e% @aith, Dnity,?iscipline

Ant)e% ;aumi Tarana

Ani%a$ arkhor

*ir+ +hukar

F$o,er Aasmine

Tree +edrusdeodara

Sport @ield hockey

-re /halwar9amee>


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crescent and star are centered on the Cag on the green part and they symboli>e

Pakistan as a uslim nation, because they are customary !slamic symbols.

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largely due to changing social alues, increased awareness and also better

amily planning.

Ta&$e (: Popu$ation Statitic 1/02(334

Ot)er -e%ograp)ic Fact

Po5ert' Rate 6US718(9 a +a': ')< 2@J 6*G6 est.5

*irt) Rate:'*.6E birthsG%,666 population 2'6%6 est.5

-eat) Rate:#.6 deathsG%,666 population 2Auly '6%6 est.5

In!ant Morta$it' Rate:*.() deathsG%,666 lie births 2'6%6 est.5

Li!e E;pectanc' at &irt):*.' years or total population 2'6%6 est.5

Literac' Rate 6peop$e o5er t)e age o! 19 ,)o can rea+ an+

,rite:)E.E< or total populationH male$ (


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Figure : A cric"et %atc) &et,een Autra$ia an+ Pa"itan

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POLITICAL AN- LE.AL ANALYSIS

Con5entiona$ $ong !or%$ !slamic 4epublic o Pakistan

Con5entiona$ )ort !or%$ Pakistan

Loca$ $ong !or%$ Aamhuryat !slami Pakistan

Loca$ )ort !or%$ Pakistan

For%er$ West Pakistan

The 7oernment o Pakistan is a ederal parliamentary system, with an

indirectly-elected President as the 1ead o /tate and +ommander in +hie o

the &rmed @orces, and an indirectly-elected Prime inister as the 1ead o

7oernment. The Presidents appointment and term are constitutionallyindependent o the Prime inisters term. 0n /eptember , '66=, the

Ilectoral +ollege 2composed o the /enate, the ational &ssembly, and the

our Proincial &ssemblies5 chose &si &li Fardari as the eleenth President o

Pakistan or a fe-year term. The Prime inister is usually the leader o the

largest party in the ational &ssembly and is assisted by a cabinet o

ministers drawn rom both chambers o the ederal legislature. The current

Prime inister is Jousa 4a>a 7illani o the Pakistan Peoples Party, who took

o3ce on arch '*, '66=.

Po$itica$ &ac"groun+

Pakistan has been ruled by both democratic and military goernments. The

frst decade was marred with political unrest and instability resulting in

reMuent collapses o ciilian democratic goernments. @rom %E)# to %E*= as

many as seen Prime inisters o Pakistan either resigned or were ousted.

This political instability paed the way or Pakistans frst military take oer.

0n 0ctober #, %E*= Pakistans ciilian and frst President !skander ir>a in

collaboration with 7eneral ohammad &yub 9han changed Pakistans

constitution and declared artial :aw.

7eneral &yub 9han was the president rom %E*= to %EE, and 7eneral Jahya

9han rom %EE to %E#%, Austice 9han 1abibullah 9han arwat elected frst N

second +hairman /enate o Pakistan seeral times r. 9han /ahib acted as a

President !slamic 4epublic o Pakistan, with Fulfkar &li 8hutto as the frst

ciilian martial law administrator. +iilian, yet autocratic, rule continued rom

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%E#' to %E## under Fulfkar &li 8hutto, but he was deposed by 7eneral Fia-

Dl-1aM. 7eneral Fia was killed in a plane crash in %E==, ater which 8ena>ir

8hutto, daughter o Fulfkar &li 8hutto, was elected as the Prime inister o

Pakistan. /he was the youngest woman eer to be elected the 1ead o

7oernment and the frst woman to be elected as the 1ead o 7oernment

o a uslim country. 1er goernment was ollowed by that o awa> /hari,

and the two leaders alternated until the military coup by 7eneral Pere>

usharra in %EEE. /ince the resignation o President 4afM Tarar in '66%,

usharra has been the President o Pakistan.

ation-wide parliamentary elections were held in 0ctober '66', with the

P:-; winning a plurality o seats in the ational &ssembly o Pakistan, and

Faarullah 9han Aamali o that party emerging as Prime inister. Aamali

resigned on Aune ', '66). P:-; leader +haudhry /hujaat 1ussain became

interim P, and was succeeded by @inance inister and ormer +itibank Oice

President /haukat &>i>, who was elected Prime inister on &ugust '#, '66)

by a ational &ssembly ote o %E% to %*%.

!n the 0ctober '66' general elections, the Pakistan uslim :eague 2;5 2P:-

;5 won a plurality o ational &ssembly seats with the second-largest group

being the Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 2PPPP5, a sub-party o the

PPP. Faarullah 9han Aamali o P:-; emerged as Prime inister but resigned

on ' Aune '66) and was replaced by P:-; leader +haudhry /hujaat

1ussain as interim Prime inister.

Po$itica$ partie an+ $ea+er

&wami ational Party or &P &sandyar Wali 91&QH 8alochistan ational

Party-&wami or 8P-& oheem 9han 8&:0+1QH 8alochistan ational Party-

1ayee 7roup or 8P-1 ?r. 1ayee 8&:0+1QH 8alochistan ational Party-

engal or 8P- /ardar &taullah I7&:QH Aamaat-i !slami or A! ;a>i

1ussain &1I?QH Aamhoori Watan Party or AWPH Aamiat &hle 1adith or A&1

/ajid !4QH Aamiat Dlema-i !slam @a>lur 4ehman or AD!-@ @a>lur 4I1&QH

Aamiat Dlema-i !slam /ami-ul 1&; or AD!-/ /ami ul-1&;QH Aamiat Dlema-i

Pakistan or ADP /hah @aridul 1&;QH uttahida ajlis-e &mal or & ;a>i1ussain &1I?QH uttahida ;aumi oement or ; &lta 1D//&!QH

ational &lliance or & 7hulam ustapha A&T0!Q 2merged with P:5H

ational Peoples Party or PPH Pakhtun 9hwa illi &wami Party or P9&P

ahmood 9han &+1&9F&!QH Pakistan &wami Tehrik or P&T Tahir ul ;&?4!QH

Pakistan uslim :eague or P: +haudhry /hujaat 1D//&!QH Pakistan

uslim :eague-@unctional or P:-@ Pir P&7&40QH Pakistan uslim :eague-

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awa> or P:- awa> /1&4!@QH Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians or

PPPP 8ilawal 8hutto F&4?&4!, chairmanH &si &li F&4?&4!, co-chairmanQH

Pakistan Peoples Party-/1I4P&0 or PPP-/ &tab &hmed 9han /1I4P&0QH

Pakistan Tehrik-e !nsaa or PT! !mran 91&QH Tehrik-i !slami &llama /ajid

&;O!Q

0ther political entities include military 2most important political orce5H

ulema 2clergy5H landownersH industrialistsH small merchants.

A+%initrati5e +i5iion

Pakistan is subdiided into ) proinces, ' territorie, and % capital territory.

Iach proince has a Proincial &ssembly, a directly-elected legislature.

embers are elected or fe-year terms. Iach &ssembly elects a +hie

inister, who then selects the ministers o his or her cabinet. The proincial

goernments are 8alochistan, !slamabad +apital Territory, 9hyber-

Pakhtunkhwa,Punjab and /indh. The Pakistani-administered portion o the

disputed Aammu and 9ashmir region consists o two administratie entities$

&>ad 9ashmir and 7ilgit-8altistan.

In+epen+ence: %) &ugust %E)# 2rom 8ritish !ndia5

Contitution: %' &pril %E#(H suspended * Auly %E##, restored (6

?ecember %E=*H suspended %* 0ctober %EEE, restored in stages in '66'H

amended (% ?ecember '66(H suspended ( oember '66#H restored on %*

?ecember '66#H amended %E &pril '6%6

Lega$ Ana$'i

:egal system o Pakistan is based on Inglish common law with proisions to

accommodate PakistanRs status as an !slamic stateH accepts compulsory !+A

jurisdiction with reserations. Politics o Pakistan has taken place in the

ramework o a ederal republic, where the system o goernment has attimes been parliamentary, presidential, or semi-presidential. !n the current

parliamentary system, the President o Pakistan is the largely-ceremonial

head o state, the Prime inister is head o goernment, and there is a multi-

party system. I"ecutie power is e"ercised by the goernment. :egislatie

power is largely ested in the Parliament.

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E;ecuti5e &ranc)

Pakistan has been under the inCuence o its military almost since it was

ounded. The !ntelligence agencies hae a huge role in the politics since the

beginning in making and breaking the political parties. The president, in

keeping with the constitutional proision that the state religion is !slam, mustbe a uslim. Ilected or a fe-year term by an Ilectoral +ollege consisting o

members o the /enate and ational &ssembly and members o the

proincial assemblies, the president is eligible or reelection. 8ut no

indiidual may hold the o3ce or more than two consecutie terms. The

president may resign or be impeached and may be remoed rom o3ce or

incapacity or gross misconduct by a two-thirds ote o the members o the

parliament. The president generally acts on the adice o the prime minister

but has important residual powers.

C)ie! o! tate:President &si &li F&4?&4! 2since E /eptember '66=5

>ea+ o! go5ern%ent: Prime inister /yed Jousu 4a>a 7!:&! 2since '*

arch '66=5

Ca&inet:+abinet appointed by the president upon the adice o the prime

minister

E$ection:the president elected by secret ballot through an Ilectoral

+ollege comprising the members o the /enate, ational &ssembly, and the

proincial assemblies or a fe-year termH election last held on /eptember'66=. &ny person who is a uslim and not less than )* years o age and is

Mualifed to be elected as a member o the ational &ssembly can contest

the presidential electionH the prime minister selected by the ational

&ssemblyH election last held on ') arch '66=.

Legi$ati5e &ranc)

The bicameral ederal legislature consists o the /enate 2upper house5 and

ational &ssembly 2lower house5. &ccording to &rticle *6 o the +onstitution,

the ational &ssembly, the /enate and the President together make up abody known as the ajlis-i-/hoora 2+ouncil o &disers5.

PakistanRs democracy has no recall method. 1oweer, past goernments

hae been dismissed or corruption by the PresidentRs inocation o &rticle *=

o the +onstitution. The PresidentRs power to dismiss the Prime inister and

dissole the ational &ssembly was remoed by the Thirteenth &mendment

and partially restored by the /eenteenth &mendment.

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Senate:The /enate is a permanent legislatie body with eMual

representation rom each o the our proinces, elected by the members o

their respectie proincial assemblies. There are representaties rom the

@ederally &dministered Tribal &reas and rom !slamabad +apital Territory.

Nationa$ Ae%&$': embers o the ational &ssembly are elected byuniersal adult suBrage. /eats are allocated to each o the our proinces,

the @ederally &dministered Tribal &reas, and !slamabad +apital Territory on

the basis o population. ational &ssembly members sere or the

parliamentary term, which is fe years, unless they die or resign sooner, or

unless the ational &ssembly is dissoled.

E$ection:/enate - last held on ( arch '66E 2ne"t to be held in arch

'6%'5H ational &ssembly - last held on %= @ebruary '66= with by-elections

on ' Aune '66= 2ne"t to be held in '6%(5

?u+icia$ &ranc)

The judiciary includes the /upreme +ourt, proincial high courts, ?istrict N

sessions +ourts, +iil and agistrate courts e"ercising ciil and criminal

jurisdiction. /ome ederal and proincial courts and tribunals such as

/erices court, !ncome ta" N e"cises court, 8anking court and 8oards o

4eenueRs Tribunals are as well established in all proinces.

Supre%e Court:The /upreme +ourt has original, appellate, and adisory

jurisdiction. The +hie Austice o the /upreme +ourt is appointed by thepresidentH the other /upreme +ourt judges are appointed by the president

ater consultation with the chie justice. The chie justice and judges o the

/upreme +ourt may remain in o3ce until age si"ty-fe$ now = years and

this is also another clause o seenteenth amendment.

Pro5incia$ @ >ig) Court:!n eery proince, there is one 1igh +ourt.

+urrently all our proinces Punjab, /indh, 9hyber-Pukhtoonkawah and

8alochistan hae 1igh courts, respectiely called :ahore 1igh +ourt, /indh

1igh +ourt, Peshawar 1igh +ourtand 8alochistan 1igh +ourt. &ter the

approal o %=th +onstitutional &mendment in &pril '6%6, a new 1igh courtis established at @ederal +apital !slamabad with the name o !slambad 1igh

+ourt.

T)eocratic $a,

/ince !slam is the state religion, the President o Pakistan must be a uslim.

There is also presence o @ederal !slamic or /haria +ourt, which ensures

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CULTURAL ANALYSIS

Race

=6< o the inhabitants in Pakistan are +aucasoid, %=< are &ustraloid-egroid

and the remaining '< are ongoloid.

The Pashtuns, 9ashmiris, 8alochis, Punjabis, and /indhis, uhajirs, /eraikis and the

?ardic tribes are usually o the +aucasoid race. The &ustraloid-egroid people are

known as Sheediand they lie along the akran coast. &s or the ongoloids, they

typically are o +entral &sian descent.

The aerage Pakistani has dark hair and dark eyes, is o aerage to aboe aerage

height and has arying skin tones 2lightly tanned, olie and air5. 1oweer, light

coloured hair and eyes can also be ound, mostly amongst people liing in the

orth.

Su&cu$ture

There arent that many subcultures in Pakistan, since it is mainly an !slamic

state. 1oweer, the small religious minorities can be treated as a subculture.

They hae their own distinctie traditions, norms and belies stemming rom

their diBerent religions.

Et)nic .roup

?iBerent ethnic groups dominate diBerent areas o Pakistan. The breakdown

is as ollows$

Iast$ the Punjabis, 9ashmiri and /indhis

West$ 8aloch and Pashtun

orth$ ?ardic and Tajik

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Figure 9: -itri&ution o! et)nic group

Socia$ Cu$ture

Pakistan being an !slamic nation is dominated by the basic !slamic alues,

traditions and norms.

The society can be termed as conseratie. 1ospitality, respecting elders

and other amily alues are ery important. & common gesture among

Pakistanis is the salaam, where one greets upon meeting others by saying

Assalama Laikum. 1oweer, this only applies to uslims. &lso consumption

o alcohol is strictly prohibited and wearing reealing clothes is shunned.

+onersations regarding se" are seen as taboo. !t is also a norm or

Pakistanis to take a git when isiting ones house, the git usually beingsweets, Cowers etc. !n business enironments, an eBort should be made to

be punctual or meetings but the person should also prepare or haing to

wait.

&nother important eature o Pakistani society is its hierarchy. This class-

based system mainly ocuses on income and social status to distinguish

among the members o the society. The rise o the middle class has been

signifcant, almost nearing (6 million, rom which %# million belong to the

upper and upper middle class and who earn an aerage income o K%6,666.

ost estials which are celebrated in Pakistan are religious by nature,

although there are a ew national estials too. &mong the most important

estials are$

4amadan, the holy month-long asting period

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Iid celebrations, which obsere the passing o 4amadan and the

sacrifce o the ery important prophet o !slam, Prophet !brahim

ilaad un abi, a celebration o the Prophet uhammads 2P8D15

birthday

8asant, a pre-!slamic estial commemorating the beginning o spring

!ndependence ?ay

?eense ?ay Parade, where the Pakistani army e"hibits arms to the

general public

The basic amily structure is also diminishing. Pakistanis traditionally had a

joint amily system, howeer that is breaking down because o social and

economic di3culties. ow more and more the nuclear amily is becoming

dominant.

Language

Pakistan can best be seen as multilingual, where speaking o almost 6

languages is practiced. Drdu is the national language and Inglish is the

o3cial language used in legal and business transactions. The breakdown o

languages amongst the population are as ollows$

Punjabi )=


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E+ucation

Iducation in Pakistan consists o fe leels$

Primary 2grades one to fe5

/econdary 2grades si" to eight5

1igh 2grades nine to ten5

!ntermediate 2grades eleen and twele5

Dniersity 2undergraduate, graduate and adanced degrees5

The constitution says that it is the states responsibility to proide ree

primary education. &nother orm o secondary school system can be ound in

some priate schools, where the curriculum is f"ed and monitored by the

+ambridge !nternational I"aminations. Dnder this system, students take

0rdinary :eel 20 :eel5 and &danced :eel 2&5 e"ams. The goernment is

also trying to promote Inglish medium education to all schools throughoutthe country.

Dniersities, once upon a time were ery rare in Pakistan, haing had only

one at the time o independence. 1oweer, now there are more than %(6

uniersities, among which most are public uniersities. /ome notable

uniersities o Pakistan, which hae made world rankings, are ational

Dniersity o /cience and Technology, ;uaid-e-&>am Dniersity and

Dniersity o 9arachi.

&nother orm o educational institution, the madrassah also e"ist in Pakistan.They generally proide ree education and residential acilities to those

students who come rom the lower classes o the society. 1oweer they hae

been subject to much criticism, mainly related to issues about terrorism.

Iducation in Pakistan has been prospering. &s the graph below shows,

literacy rates hae been rising.

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Figure


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Entertain%ent

Literature:

Pakistani literature is aailable in most o the languages spoken in the

country 2e.g Drdu literature, Inglish literature etc.5 The literature in this country mainly started oB ater %E)#, when

Pakistan got its independence :yric poetry, religious and mystical materials were mainly popular

beore the %Ethcentury Things changed in the colonial period, when local literary fgures,

inspired rom the western literature o reali>ed diersifed into diBerent

topics and telling orms 1oweer, now short stories are among the most-liked orm o literature

The national poet is uhammad !Mbal

0ther well-known poets include @ai> &hmed @ai>, /hah &bdul :ati,9hawaja @arid

Figure =: Mu)a%%a+ I&a$B Nationa$ Poet o!Pa"itan

Per!or%ing Art:

Pakistani music is o diBerent types

Qawwaliand Ghazalare the more traditional orms while modern stylesinclude remi"es o customary Pakistani music with Western music

@ilm music, Drdu and Punjabi pop music are Muite popular too

usrat @ateh &li 9han is a ery amous Pakistani musician

?iBerent types o olk dances are popular in diBerent locations o the

country such as bhangraand luddiare amous in Punjab, dhammalin

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suf shrines, khattakin 9hyber-Pakhtunkhwa,jhumaramong the

/eraiki and 8alochis etc. The flm industry in Pakistani is known as :ollywood

?rama and theatre are based on a ariety o themes

Figure 0: A %an p$a'ing a itar

Figure /: A Da$a) %an +ancing

Me+ia:

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&s o '66, there were '6 teleision broadcast stations 2* o them

public, %* priate5 !n '66, radio broadcasting stations included & (%, @ =, shortwae

& Pakistan 8roadcasting +orporation &nd Pakistan Teleision +orporation

2PTO5 were the main media outlets

Cuiine an+ -re

The national dress or both men and women is the shalwar kameez. !t is

basically made up o a long tunic, baggy trousers and a long piece o abric

called the dupatta2or women only5.

Pakistani ood is mainly a mi" o iddle Iastern, !ranian, &ghan, north west

!ndian, and Turkish cuisine, which symboli>es the ariety o cooking styles

across the regions and also the countrys history. The main dish is usually acurry, with or without the presence o meat and egetables and lentils.

Proincial attractions include karahi, biryaniand tikkaeaten with naan,

chapatiand rti.

Figure 13: La)ori *ee! Dara)i

Figure 11: Pe)a,ari Naan

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.$o&a$iation

The 9earnyG@P 7lobali>ation inde" ranked Pakistan * in the whole world.

1oweer between '66)-'66, the rankings ell by %6 spots. anytransnational companies, like c?onalds, Pi>>a 1ut etc. hae put together

their ranchises in Pakistan. & lot o Pakistanis also emigrate to the West and

the iddle Iast. ost o the Pakistanis in the Iuropean region 27ermany, D95

belong to the working class, but Pakistanis in &ustralia and orth &merica

2D/&, +anada5 are proessionals. These workers greatly help the local

economy through remittances.

Figure 1(: Mc-ona$+ in La)ore

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Figure 1: Foot&a$$ titc)ing

>o!te+eG Ana$'i

%. Power ?istance$ Pakistan ranks high in this area, with a score o *6.This is not surprising gien the hierarchical society o the country. This

shows that power is distributed uneMually and ineMuality e"ists rom

the bottom up.'. !ndiiduality$ Pakistan has a low score in this aspect o the analysis,

about %6. This is again true o a country where collectiism is mainly

aoured. !n an indiidualist society, indiiduals take care o

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themseles and dont really rely on others. They make themseles the

frst priority. +ollectiism is the total opposite. Pakistan is a country

where collectiist ideals like sticking to groups, seeking support rom

others and loyalty are important and are present as well.(. asculinity$ 1ere the country has a score o about **, which is Muite

high. This shows gender ineMuality and that the general Smasculine

alues o being assertie and competitie are more important.). Dncertainty &oidance$ This area is represented with Muite a high score

o nearly =6. This represents a society acceptance or uncertainty and

agueness. Dsually a high score means societies arent that ond o

challenges and they enorce tough laws and rules to get rid o such

situations.*. :ong-Term 0rientation$ Pakistan has irtually no score in this section.

This means that Pakistan is basically a country with a short-term

orientation that has sticks to tradition and perorms the necessary

social duties. This again is reCected in the conseratie Pakistani

society.

ECONOMIC PROFILE

Tren+ in .-P

Pakistan has been e"periencing an increase in its 7ross ?omestic Product

in terms o purchasing power parity since '66#. !t has been steadily rising

rom K)'%.E billion in '66# to K)(#.* billion in '66= and K))E.( billion in

'66E. 8ased on these fgures Pakistan is the '#thlargest economy in the

world.

!n accordance with the o3cial e"change rate, the 7?P o Pakistan in '66E

was K%=.* billion dollars.

!n terms o the real growth rate, 7?P has been declining since '66=. !t ell

to '.#< in '66E rom (.#< and < in '66= and '66# respectiely.

1oweer, the 7?P per capita has been increasing. !t rose rom K'*66 in

both '66# and '66= to K'66 in '66E.

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Figure 14: .-P Tren+ &'Pro5ince

E;port an+ I%port Partner

Pakistan mainly e"ports to the ollowing countries 2'66E estimates5$

D/ %*.=#


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ainly petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, plastics, transportation

eMuipment, edible oils, paper and paperboard, iron and steel, tea constitute

the import commodities.

E;port an+ I%port Statitic

I"ports$

K%=.)) billion 2'66E est.5

K'%.'' billion 2'66= est.5

K%.=' billion 2Aune '6%6 est.5

!mports$

K'=.)# billion 2'66E est.5

K(=.'' billion 2'66= est.5

K(.'' billion 2Aune '6%6 est.5

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Foreign -irect In5et%ent

The table below proides inormation regarding @?! inCows in Pakistan.

Year .reenHe$+

In5et%ent

Pri5atiation

Procee+

Tota$ F-I Pri5ate

Port!o$ioIn5et%ent

'66%-6' (*# %'= )=* -%6

'66'-6( '' %# #E= ''

'66(-6) #*6 %EE E)E -'=

'66)-6* %,%% (( %,*').66 %*(

'66*-6 %,E=% %,*)6 (,*'%.66 (*%

'66-6# ),=#(.'6 ' *,%(E.6 %,='6

'66#-6= *,6%E.6 %((.' *,%*'.=6 %E.(

'66=-6E (,#%E.E6 - (,%#E.E6 -*%6.(

Aul-Aune-%6 ','6*.#6 - ','6*.# *=#.E

Total (3B


32/52

In+icator(331

23(

(33(2

3(33234

(334

239

(3392

3er, shrimp

/erices$ Transport, storage, communications, fnance, and insurance

account and wholesale and retail trade

Pakistan is a semi-industriali>ed company. :ike the deeloped nations,

ma"imum o the countrys 7?P comes rom the serice sectors.

La&our Force

/i>e$ *(.#= million 2'66E est.5

Participation rate$ ('.'< 2'66*-65

:abour @orce by occupation$

agriculture$ )(e o the labour orce, Pakistan ranks %6th in the world.

&lso, there is a lot o labour e"port to the iddle Iast. The participation rate

has increased rom (6.)< in '66). &lso praiseworthy is narrowing o theurban-rural and male-emale gap in recent years.

(


37/52

A*SOLUTE AN- COMPARATIVE A-VANTA.ES

Agricu$ture

Pakistan ranks fth in the uslim world and twentieth worldwide in arm

output.

The most important crops are wheat, sugarcane, cotton, and rice, which

together account or more than #*< o the alue o total crop output.

PakistanRs largest ood crop is wheat. !n '66*, Pakistan produced '%,*E%,)66

metric tons o wheat, more than all o &rica 2'6,(6),*=* metric tons5 and

nearly as much as all o /outh &merica 2'),**#,#=) metric tons5, according

to the @&0. Pakistan has also cut the use o dangerous pesticides

dramatically.

Pakistan is a net ood e"porter, e"cept in occasional years when its harest isadersely aBected by droughts. Pakistan e"ports rice, cotton, fsh, ruits

2especially 0ranges and angoes5, and egetables and imports egetable

oil, wheat, cotton, pulses and consumer oods. The country is &siaRs largest

camel market, second-largest apricot and ghee market and third-largest

cotton, onion and milk market.

&griculture products in term o global ranking$

+hickpea 2'nd5, &pricot 2)th5, +otton 2)th5, /ugarcane 2)th5, ilk 2*th5, 0nion

2*th5, ?ate Palm 2th5, ango 2(rd5, Tangerines, mandarin orange,

+lementine 2=th5, 4ice 2=th5, Wheat 2Eth5 and fnally 0ranges 2%6th5

Principa$ In+utrie

Pakistan ranks orty-frst in the world and fty-fth worldwide in actory

output. PakistanRs industrial sector accounts or about ')< o 7?P. +otton

te"tile production and apparel manuacturing are PakistanRs largest

industries, accounting or about < o the merchandise e"ports and almost

)6< o the employed labour orce. 0ther major industries include cement,

ertili>er, edible oil, sugar, steel, tobacco, chemicals, machinery, and ood

processing.

The goernment is priati>ing large-scale parastatal units, and the public

sector accounts or a shrinking proportion o industrial output, while growth

in oerall industrial output 2including the priate sector5 has accelerated.

7oernment policies aim to diersiy the countryRs industrial base and bolster

e"port industries. Pakistans industrial production growth rate o -(.< 2'66E

(#


38/52

est.5, shows a downward. This maybe due to some ua$it' iue regarding

products rom Pakistan. &lso, e"port leels hae dropped rom K'%.'' billion

2'66= est.5 to K%=.)) billion 2'66E est.5, another sign indicating the decline

in demand or Pakistani goods.

Pakistani e"ports include te"tiles 2garments, bed linen, cotton cloth, andyarn5, rice, leather goods, sports goods 2renowned or ootballsGsoccer balls5,

chemicals, manuactures, carpets and rugs

Natura$ Reource

PakistanRs principal natural resources are arable land and water. &bout '* grouppurchased all the shares o &lliance !ndustrial

?eelopment +orporation with the permission o the 7oernment o

Pakistan. !n %E=6-=% a separate unit was installed in 9arachi which now

caters or 9arachi, /indhand e"port demand. & bottle flling plant was set in

%E=(in :ahore, Punjab. &n independentTetra 8rikplant was commissioned

in %E=#.!n the year %EE6it was decided to install a juice actory at the 1attar

in orth West @rontier Proinceo Pakistan. /he>an !nternationalRs 1ead

03ce is located in :ahore, Pakistan. !n +anada, Target @oods, is the

authori>ed distributor or all /he>an Products. They carry all the e"port

Muality Auices, Aams, Pickles, +hutneys, /auces, /yrups and /Muashes.

The State Li!e!nsurance +orporation oPakistan 2the corporation5 was incorporated in

Pakistanon oember %, %E#' under the :ie

!nsurance ationali>ation 0rder, %E#'. The

corporationRs head o3ce is located at 9arachi,

Pakistan. The corporation is engaged in the lie insurancebusiness. !t is the

biggest lie insurance corporation in Pakistan operating though ' >ones or

)%
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahnawaz_Group&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahnawaz_Group&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alliance_Industrial_Development_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahnawaz_group&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetra_Brikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hattarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_West_Frontier_Provincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_insurancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahnawaz_Group&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahnawaz_Group&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alliance_Industrial_Development_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahnawaz_group&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetra_Brikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hattarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_West_Frontier_Provincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_insurance


42/52

indiidual insurance and our >ones or group lie insurance. !t also operates

in the gul countries 2comprising o 9ingdom o /audi &rabia, 9uwait and

D&I5 through the >onal o3ce located in ?ubai. The goernment o Pakistan is

the sole shareholder.

The Attoc" Petro$eu% Li%ite+2&P:5 is one o our oil

marketing companies in Pakistanto be granted a license

2in @ebruary, %EE=5. &ttock Petroleum is part o the &ttock 7roup o

+ompanies, which is the only ully integrated group in the oilN gassector o

Pakistaninoled in e"plorationN production, refningN marketing. &ttock

PetrolemRs corporate head o3ce is registered in !slamabad.

&P: is one o the astest growing oil

marketing companies in Pakistan, haing

successully established its network o

petrol pumps in W@P N Punjab. &P: is

presently strengthening its presence in major urban areas such as 9arachi,

upper Punjab and &ghanistan.

The La"on .roup, was ounded in %E*). :akson 7roup is a well-known

business group in Pakistan. The conglomerate is run by the :akhani brothers

among whom !Mbal &li :akhani is +hairman o the :akson group. 1is siblings

are &min :akhani, /ultan :akhani and FulfMar :akhani. !ts head o3ce islocated at 9arachi, /ind, Pakistan. The 7roupRs portolio consists o

detergents and soaps, toothpaste, ood products, ast ood restaurants,

insurance, internet serices, sotware, paper and board, printing, powdered

beerages and tea, packaging, publications, surgical instruments, and

te"tiles.

+olgate-Palmolie +ompany !ncorporation2D/&5

!"uity hlding in #lgate$%almli&e '%akistan( Limited

9rat 7eneral @oods !ncorporation2D/&5

Licensing arrangement with #l&er %akistan Limited, with e"uity

participation option

c?onalds +orporation2D/&5

)'
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attock_Group_of_Companieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attock_Group_of_Companieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colgate-Palmolive_Company_Incorporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraft_General_Foods_Incorporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McDonald%E2%80%99s_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attock_Group_of_Companieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attock_Group_of_Companieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colgate-Palmolive_Company_Incorporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraft_General_Foods_Incorporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McDonald%E2%80%99s_Corporation


43/52


44/52

U 8ata Pakistan

U 8estway +ement

U 8& +apital anagement

U 1abib !nsurance +o. :imited

U 80+ Pakistan

U 8osicor Pakistan

U +allmate Telips :imited

U +entury Paper N 8oard

U +hakwal +ement

U +herat +ement

U +lariant Pakistan

U +olgate Palmolie Pakistan

U ?awood 1ercules +hemicals

U ?awood :awrencepur

U ?escon +hemicalsU ?I/+0 Ingineering

U ?era 7ha>i 9han +ement

U ?ewan /alman @ibre

U ?igital Prodigy 2Pt5 :td

U ?reamworld Pakistan

U Icopack

U Ingro +hemical Pakistan

U @auji +ement

U @auji @ertili>er 8in ;asim

U @auji @ertili>er

U @aysal 8ank

U 7adoon Te"tile ills

U 7atron !ndustries

U 7eneral Tyre N 4ubber Pakistan

U 7hani 7lass

U 7la"o/mith9line Pakistan

U 7ul &hmed Te"tile ills

U 1onda &tlas +ars

U 1ub PowerU !brahim @ibres and Thal

U !+! Pakistan

U !7! !nsurance

U !ndus otor +ompany

U !nternational !ndustries

U !ttehad +hemicals :imited

))


45/52


46/52

U P!+!+ +ommercial 8ank

U P!+!+ 7rowth @und

U Prime +ommercial 8ank

U PT+:

U 4ahan ai>e Products

U /ammi ?aewoo I"press

U /audi Pak +ommercial 8ank

U /ecurity Papers

U /hakarganj /ugar ills

U /hell Pakistan

U /iemens Ingineering Pakistan

U /itara +hemical !ndustries

U /onutech

U /oneri 8ank

U /tandard +hartered odarabaU /ui orthern 7as Pipeline

U /ui /outhern 7as +ompany%QQ

U True :ight /ports 2www.tlightsports.com

U Dnileer Pakistan

U Dnion 8ank

U Wa>ir &li !ndustries

U World+&:: +ommunications

U /iddiMuesons Tin Plate :td

)


47/52

SUMMARY AN- CONCLUSION

K)' in5et in Pa"itan

The !nternational @inance +orporation 2!@+5, a subsidiary o the World 8ank annually

prepares a report called ?oing 8usiness. !t basically looks into the regulations thatpromote or limit business actiity rom country to country. The regulations include

those that inCuence arious phases o business like ease o doing business, starting

up a business, inestor protection etc. Iach o these regulations is assigned a

Muantitatie indicator. This study is applied to most deeloping nations and also

deeloped nations o &sia.

Figure 1


48/52

-ata (330 (33/ (313

Ran" - =6 (

Proce+ure6nu%&er

%% %% %6

Ti%e 6+a' ') ') '6

Cot 6 o!

inco%e per

capita

%) %'. *.=

Min8 capita$

6 o!

inco%e per

capita

o 6 6

Ta&$e /: Stating up a &uine in Pa"itan

&s we can already see rom the data aboe, the rankings hae improed in '6%6

rom '66E considerably. @rom being the =6thcountry in the world or haing simple

business-startups, it is not the (rd. The number o procedures you hae to go

through also has been minimi>ed to %6 and the time to start up a business has also

gone down to '6 days rom ') days in '66E. +ost has gone down substantially.

Whereas it would take %'.< o income per capita in '66E, it now only takes *.=

country profile- pakistan

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