course outines statistical inference (qtm-522)

Statistical Inference [QTM-522]

MBA-3rd Semester CourseSession-A (3.0 years)

Spring Semester - 2012

Detail Semester Activities(Revised Version)

By

Ishtiaq AhmedAssistant Professor

Department of Management SciencesBahria University

Karachi.

Dated: February 12, 2011

Course Title: Statistical Inference Course Supervisor: Ishtiaq AhmedCourse Code: QTM 522Credit Hours: 03 HoursSemester: Spring Semester – 2012 Prerequisite: BQT-510

Program: MBA 3rd Semester CourseClass started: February 6, 2012

Aims and Objectives: To review, introduce and main purpose of Statistical Inference in business studies. To learn quantitative statistical skills to generalize characteristics of the target population. To learn and understand the main branches of Statistical Inference course i.e. 1) Statistical Estimation 2) Tests of

Hypothesis. To develop the data analysis skills for business research. To learn proper use of statistical tools To improve ability to conduct a survey and statistical decision making about the population parameters Fruitful utilization of statistical software i.e SPSS and Excel for data analysis. To develop statistical reasoning skills.

Course Contents1.1 Introduction of the course Statistical Inference (Components, branches, and purposes).1.2 Classification of Statistical Inference and supporting tools.1.3 Difference between Statistical Estimation and Tests of Hypothesis.1.4 Theory of Statistical Estimation.1.5 Theory of Tests of Hypothesis.1.6 Difference b/w 1) Frequency Distribution 2) Probability Distribution 3) Sampling

Distribution.1.7 Sampling Theory.1.8 Concepts of random variables and mathematical expectations.1.9 Probability distribution1.10 Continuous Probability Distribution:

1) Normal Probability Distribution2) Exponential Probability Distribution3) Uniform Probability Distribution (Optional)

1.11 Discrete Probability Distribution:1) Binomial Probability Distribution2) Poisson Probability Distribution

1.12 Quality and Statistical Quality Control (Optional)1.13 Decision Theory (Optional)1.14 Nonparametric Methods (Optional)

Note: Above contents of the course will be divided into 45 lectures or sessions (See next page)

Text Book: 1) Richard I. Levin; Davin S. Rubin, “Statistics for Management”, 7th edition.

Reference Book: 2) “ Introduction to Statistics” by Ronald E. Walpole, 3rd Edition.

3) S. C. Richard, (2000), “Basic Statistical Analysis”, 6th edition.

Continued on Pate 2 of 13

Page 2 of 13Bahria University Karachi

Department of Management Sciences Statistical Inference (QTM-522)

MBA 3rd Semester Spring Semester – 2012

1.15 Distribution of the Course Contents in 45 sessionsLectureNumber

Topics Book(s)/Reference

Reading Materials

Exercises(Home work activity)

1. Introduction: Purpose, theme of study &

applications of the statistical inference course in quantitative analysis.

Grading Plan Distribution of Course Outlines to

the students Quizzes, Project or Field work, Mid

Term and Final Examination Whole semester activities, Etc.

- Review the 1st course “Business Statistics” to connection with the 2nd

course “Statistical Inference”.- Read entire course outlines carefully to understand the whole activities in the Fall semester - 2010.

2. Main branches & supporting tools of course statistical inference:

Statistical Estimation Test of Hypothesis Probability Theory Sampling Theory Random Variables & Mathematical

Expectation Application(s)

- do -

3. Concept of Probability Distribution Meaning of distribution Random Variables Types of Random Variables Prob. Dist. of a random variables Prob. Histogram of a random

variable Mathematical Expectation of a

random variable Mean, variance and standard

deviation of random variable.

Text Book Statistics for Management

Chapter # 5Page #

222 - 229

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page #

229 – 231Question # 5.1, 5.2, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, 5.12, 5.13, & 5.14.

And Practice Exercise-1

4.

Continued Lecture No. 3


Chapter # 5Page #

222 - 229- do -

5. Types of Probability Distribution:- Discrete Probability Dist.- Continuous Prob. Dist.

Discrete Probability Distribution The Binomial Probability Dist. Characteristics and process of

Binomial Probability Distribution. Probability Density Function (PDF)

of Binomial Probability Distribution.


Chapter # 5Page #

237 to 246

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials.Exercises on page 247-248Question #5.4,, 5.5, 5.6, 5.18, 5.19, 5.20, 5.21, 5.22, 5.23, 5.24, 5.24, 5.25, 5.26.

AndPractice Exercise-2



Department of Management SciencesStatistical Inference (QTM-522)

MBA 3rd Semester Spring Semester – 2012


Topics Book(s)/Reference:

Reading Materials


6. General behavior and appearance of Binomial probability distributions.

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion for the Binomial Distribution

Problem in applying the binomial distribution to real life situation.

Using the Binomial Tables. Obstacles and restriction of Binomial

Tables. Preference of pdf of Binomial

Probability Distribution.


Chapter # 5Page #

244 – 246

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.

Practice Exercise – 2(continue)

7. The Poisson Probability Distribution. Characteristics and process of

Poisson Probability Distribution. Probability Density Function (PDF)

of Poisson Probability Distribution. Calculating Probability under the

Poisson Probability Distribution.


Chapter # 5Page #

249 - 251

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page 255Question # 5.7 & 5.30.


8. Using Poisson Table to obtain probability.

Poisson Probability Distribution as an Approximation of the Binomial Probability Distribution.

Important condition for the Poisson is a good approximation of the Binomial Probability Distribution.

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion for the Poisson Probability Distribution.


Chapter # 5Page # 252 to 254

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials.Exercises on page 255 - 256Question #5.8, 5.27, 5.28, 5.29, 5.31, 5.32, 5.33, 5.34, 5.35 & 5.36.


(Continue)9. The continuous probability

distribution. The Normal Probability Distribution PDF of Normal Probability

Distribution Properties of the Normal Probability

Distribution. Concept of standardized random

variables (Z-score) and properties of Z-score.


Chapter #5Page #

257 to 259

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials.Exercise on page 269– 272Questions #5.9 to 5.10 and 5.37 to 5.51

And Practice Exercise – 4

10. Main features of Standardized

Normal Curve and areas under the Normal Curve.

Chebyshev’s Theorem. Z-score or Normal Curve table Computation probability against

given observed random variable(x)


Reference BookIntroduction to Statistics

Chapter #5Page #

259 to 267Chapter # 2

Page # 39 - 40


Practice Exercise-4(Continue)

under the Normal Curve.




MBA 3rd SemesterSpring Semester – 2012



Reading Materials


11. Computation Observe random variable (x) against given Probability under the Normal Curve.


Continued Practice Exercise-4(Continue)

12. The Normal Distribution as an Approximation to the Binomial Distribution.

Exponential Probability Distribution(another continuous probability distribution)



AndPage # 273

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Practice Exercise-5 & 6Chapter Concept Test

on pages 287 -29013. Introduction to Sampling and Sampling

Distribution and Process: Reasons for sampling Why sampling is an important tool

for statistical inferences Biased and Unbiased Sampling. Use of Random Digits Table for

unbiased data collection.


Chapter # 6Page # 296 – 298


14. Sampling Procedures- Probability Sampling- Non-probability Sampling Probability Sampling Procedures- Simple Random Sampling- Systematic Random Sampling


Chapter # 6Page # 298 – 302


Practice Exercise-7

15. Probability Sampling Procedures- Stratified Random Sampling- Cluster Random Sampling Non-probability Sampling Procedure- Purposive Sampling- Quota Sampling- Multistage Sampling- Multiphase Sampling- Sequential Sampling- Replicated Sampling- Snowball Sampling - Conventional Sampling- Judgmental Sampling




Practice Exercise-7

Visit Website:http://

www.fairfaxcounty.gov/demogrph/pdf/

samplingprocedures.pdf

16. Introduction to Sampling Distribution: Important Terminologies, involve in

Sampling Distribution Sampling Distribution of the Means

and two important characteristics- Sampling distribution with

replacement.- Sampling distribution without

replacement Concept of Finite & Infinite

population sampling


Chapter # 6Page #

309 – 319


Practice Exercise-8

http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/demogrph/pdf/samplingprocedures.pdf



17. Continued Lecture-16. - do - -do- -do-







Reading Materials


18. Central Limit Theorem: An important theorem of Sampling Distribution.


Chapter # 6Page #

319 - 320

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page 321- 323Question #6.27 to 6.39

19. The relationship between sample size and standard Error.


Chapter # 6Page #

324 - 325


20. Analysis of Finite Population Multiplier


Chapter # 6Page #

325 - 326

Exercises on page 327 to 329Question #6.40 to 6.49

Chapter Concepts Test on pages 338 – 341

21. Compliance students’ queries about past lectures (Course Review) and Mid Term Examination.

22. Introduction to the Statistical Estimation: Reason for Estimation. Why Estimation is an important tool

for statistical inferences. Important terminology for Statistical

Estimation. Difference between Estimator and

Estimate Types of Estimates- Point Estimates- Interval Estimate


Chapter # 7Page #

346 - 347


23. Criteria of a Good Point Estimator.- Unbiasedness - Efficiency- Consistency- Sufficiency


Chapter # 7Page # 348

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page 352- 353Question #7.1, 7.2, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 7.10, & 7.11

24. Interval Estimate or Confidence Interval: Basic Concepts

Fundamental Terminology for Interval Estimate

Structure Normal Curve for Interval Estimate.

The main difference Z-Statistic and t-


Chapter # 7Page # 354- 366


Statistics







Reading Materials

ExercisesHome work activity

25. Interval estimate or Confidence Interval for single population mean (Large Sample Case)


Chapter # 7Page # 358 - 364

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page 356- 358 and 360-361Question #7.6, 7.7, 7.27, 7.28, 7.29, 7.30, 7.31, 7.32, 7.34 & 7.35, 7.5, 7.19, 7.20, 7.21, 7.22, 7.23, 7.24, 7.25, & 7.26Exercises on page 356- 358Question #7.3, 7.4, 7.12, 7.13, 7.14, 7.15, 7.16, 7.17, & 7.18

Practice Exercise – 926. Interval estimate or Confidence

Interval for single population mean (Small Sample Case, t-distribution use)

Use the t-table Concept of degree of freedom (d.f.)


Chapter # 7Page # 371- 376

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page Question # 377 -3787.10, 7.11, 7.44, 7.45, 7.45, 7.46, 7.47, 7.48, 7.49 & 7.50

Practice Exercise – 927. Interval estimate or Confidence

Interval for single population proportion (Large Sample Case).



Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page 369-370Question #7.8, 7.9, 7.35, 7.36, 7.37, 7.38, 7.39, 7.40, 7.41, 7.42 & 7.43

Practice Exercise – 1028. Determining the Sample Size in Estimation:

Sample Size for Estimating a Mean. Sample Size for Estimating a

Proportion.



Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page 382-383Question #7.12, 7.13, 7.51, 7.52, 7.53, 7.54, 7.55, 7.56, 7.57, & 7.58

Practice Exercise – 11

Chapter Concepts Test on pages 394 – 397







Reading Materials


29. Confidence Interval for µ1 - µ2 and population variances known (Large sample case)


Chapter # 9Page #

254 – 260


Practice Exercise -1130. Confidence Interval for µ1 - µ2 and

population variances unknown and equal (small sample case)


Chapter # 9Page #

254 – 260


Practice Exercise -12

31. Confidence Interval for µ1 - µ2 and population variances unknown and unequal (small sample case).


Chapter # 9Page #

254 – 260


Practice Exercise -1232. Large Sample Confidence Interval

for the difference between two

populations proportions (p1 - p2)


Chapter # 9Page #

271 – 273



33. Theory of Tests of Hypothesis: Introduction, purpose, and

applications Important terminology of Tests of

Hypothesis Direction and Non-Directional Tests. Types of Tests of Hypothesis.- Null Hypothesis - Alternative Hypothesis Types of Statistical Errors.- Type-I Error- Type-II Error



Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercises on page 406Question #8.1, 8.2, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 8.10, 8.11, 8.12

34. Main steps of Testing Hypotheses. Interpreting the Significance Level

and choosing Significance Level (α) Main difference between

Significance Level and Confidence Level.

Interpreting Pre-Test and Post Test Normal Curve.


Chapter # 8Page #

407 – 413

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 406Question #8.3, 8.4, 8.13, 8.14, 8.15, 8.16, 8.17, 8.18, 8.19, 8.20, 8.21, 8.22, 8.23, 8.24, & 8.24

35. Testing of Hypothesis: One-Sample Tests Hypothesis testing of single

population mean (µ) when the population standard deviation is known and n ≥30. (Z-Statistic use).

Meaning of P-value and measuring P-value.

Difference between Level of


Chapter # 8Page #

416 – 425

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 422 and 426Question #8.5, 8.6, 8.26, 8.27, 8.28, 8.29, 8.30, 8.31, 8.32,

Significance and P-value. Measuring the Power of Hypothesis

Test (β).

8.33, 8.7, 8.8, 8.34, 8.35, 8.36, & 8.37








Reading Materials


36. Hypothesis testing of single population mean (µ) when the population standard deviation is unknown and n<30. (t-Statistic use).

Meaning of P-value (Prob. Value) and measuring P-value.

Difference between Level of Significance and P-value.

Measuring the Power of Hypothesis Test (β).


Chapter # 8Page #

433 – 436

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 436 and 437Question #8.11, 8.12, 8.44, 8.45, 8.46, 8.47, 8.48, 8.49, 8.50, & 8.51

Practice Exercise -1337. Hypothesis testing of single

population proportion (p): Large Samples and n≥30. (Z-Statistic use).


Chapter # 8Page #

427 – 430

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 431 and 432Question #8.9, 8.10, 8.38, 8.39, 8.40, 8.41, 8.42, & 8.43

Practice Exercise -13Chapter Concepts Test

on pages 346 – 35038. Testing of Hypothesis: Two Sample Tests

Test for differences between two means (µ1 - µ2): Small Sample Sizes and Population Variances Known and n ≥30. (Z-Statistic use).


Chapter # 9Page #

456 – 459

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 459 and 4461Question #9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, & 9.7

Practice Exercise -1439. Test for differences between two

means (µ1 - µ2): Small Samples Sizes and n<30. Population variances are equal and unknown.

Test for differences between two means (µ1 - µ2): Small Samples Sizes and n<30. Population variances are unequal and unknown.


Chapter # 9Page #

462 – 465

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 465- 467Question #9.3, 9.4, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10, 9.11, 9.12, & 9.13.








Reading Materials


40. Test for differences between two population proportions: Large Sample Size and n≥30. Using Z-Statistic.


Chapter # 9Page #

476 – 482

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 482- 467Question #9.7, 9.8, 9.20, 9.21, 9.22, 9.23, 9.24, & 9.25.

Practice Exercise -14Chapter Concepts Test

on page 504 – 50841. Chi-Square and Analysis of Variance

(ANOVA) Introduction to Chi-Square

Distribution and Test. One Way Chi-Square Test or

Goodness-of-Fit Test Two ways Chi-Square Test

Independence or Contingency Table Test

Chi-Square Table


Chapter # 11Page #

568 – 579And

584 - 587

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 581- 583 & page 587 -590Question #11.1, 11.2, 11.7, 11.9, 11.11, 11.12, 11.13, 11.14, 11.15, 11.16, 11.18, 11.23 & 11.25.

42. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA): Introduction to Analysis of Variance

function, purpose and conditions. Analysis-of-Variance Techniques One-way classification for ANOVA. ANOVA Table for One-way

Classification The F-distribution and using F-Table.


Chapter # 11Page #

591 – 603

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture. Exercises on page 603- 607Question #11.26, 11.27, 11.28, 11.29, 11.30, 11.32, 11.34, & 11.35.Chapter Concepts Test on page 639 – 643

43. Continued Lectures-41 & 42.44 Quality And Statistical Quality Control:

Introduction Statistical Quality Control

Statistical Process Control X Chart: Control Chart for Process

Means X Chart when µ and σ are not known


Chapter # 10Page #

512 – 522

Read the mentioned pages in reading materials and review the today’s lecture.Exercise on page 523 -524

45. R- Charts: Control Charts for Process Variability.


Chapter# 10Page #

Read the mentioned pages

P- Charts: Control Charts for Attributes.

Introduction to Total Quality Management.

527 – 530532 – 535539 – 541

Exercise on page 530Exercise on page 536 – 537





2.1 Grading Plan Total : 100 Marks

Final Examination : 40 Marks

Midterm Examination : 25 Marks

Quizzes : 15 Marks

Class Performance : 05 Marks

Statistical Survey Report : 06 Marks

Class Participation : 04 Marks Attendance 05 Marks

2.2 Evaluation and Grading Structure:Formulation of data: 15% Marks of the questionCorrect formula(s) or tool(s): 20% Marks of the questionImportant steps of the solution 30% Marks of the questionCorrect answer of the required question: 20% Marks of the questionConclusion/Interpretation/result: 15% Marks of the question

2.3 Structure of Examination Papers:

2.3.1 Final Examination Paper: Final examination paper will be consisted of 5 questions as follows:

1st Question [05 Marks]: 1st question may be consisted with mini-case study, statistical reasoning, distinguish between statistical terms, explanation the statistical statements, definitions etc.

2nd, 3rd, & 4th Questions: Three questions will be numerical types or statistical based computational questions. The 2nd and 3rd question carryout equally 09 marks each and 4th

question contains of 08 marks.

5th Question [09 Marks]: Last and 5th question will contain three distinguished parts:First Part will be related with fill in the blacks or fills with the correct answer(s). This part will be consisted of 06 fill in the blanks and each fill in the blank will be ½ marks.Second Part will be related with true or false statements. This part will be consisted of 06 true or false statements and each statement contain ½ marks. Third Part will be related with Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). This part also will be consisted of 06 MCQs and each MCQ contain ½ marks.

2.3.2 Course for Final Examination paper: The area of Final Examination Paper will be included of

the covered sessions from 22 to 45 lectures.





2.3.3 Mid-Term Examination Paper: Mid Term Examination Paper will consist of 4 questions as follows:

1st Question [04 Marks]: 1st question may be consisted with mini-case study, statistical reasoning, distinguish between statistical terms, explanation the statistical statements, definitions etc.

2nd & 3rd Questions: Two questions will be numerical types or statistical based computational questions. The 2nd question carryout 07 marks and 3rd question contains of 6.5 marks.

4th Question [7.5 Marks]: Last and 4th question will contain three distinguished parts:First Part will be related with fill in the blacks or fills with the correct answer(s). This part will be consisted of 05 fill in the blanks and each fill in the blank will be ½ marks.Second Part will be related with true or false statements. This part will be consisted of 05 true or false statements and each statement contain ½ marks.Third Part will be related with Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). This part also will be consisted of 05 MCQs and each MCQ consists of ½ marks.

2.3.4 Course for Mid Examination paper: The area of Mid Term Examination Paper will be includedof the covered sessions from 01 to 21 lectures.

2.3.5 Quizzes: Three (03) quizzes will be conducted during the whole Spring - 2012.

Probably 02 quizzes will be conducted before the Mid Term Examination and rest of 01 quiz will be conducted after the Mid Term Examination. The schedules of the quizzes will be announced before three days. Each quiz contains of 05 marks and two best quizzes will be selected out of three quizzes at the end of the lectures sessions or before one week from the Final Examination, Spring-2011.

It is important to know every concern students of the course that “Performance in Quizzes” will strongly impact on class performance marks.

2.4 Class Performance: The class performance marks having two options to calculate:

2.4.1 Option-I: Based on Mid Term and Quizzes Examinations

Computation: ( Obtained Marks in Mid Term + Obtained Marks in Quizzes) x 05 (Total Marks of Mid Term + Total Marks of Quizzes)

Example: Suppose Tariq Jamil Khan, student of BBA-3. He obtained 20 marks in Mid Term Examination and 12 marks in Quizzes Examination. His performance marks can be calculated based on Mid Term and Quizzes Examinations as follows:

(20 + 12) x 5 = 32 x 5 = 160 = 4.0 marks

(25 + 15) 40 40Hence under the option-I, he obtained 4.0 marks out of 05 assigned marks.





2.4.2 Option-II: Based on Final and Quizzes Examinations

Computation: ( Obtained Marks in Final + Obtained Marks in Quizzes) x 05 (Total Marks of Final + Total Marks of Quizzes)

Example: Consider again that Tariq Jamil Khan has obtained 35 marks in Final Examination and 12 marks in Quizzes Examination. His performance marks can be calculated based on Final and Quizzes Examination as follows:

(35 + 12) x 5 = 47 x 5 = 235 = 4.3 marks(40 + 15) 55 55

Hence under the option-II, he obtained 4.3 marks out of 05 assigned marks.

At the above two options, Tariq’s best performance based on Final and Quizzes results. Therefore, option-II will be best suited to consider as class performance. This performance marks will add in the final grading.

2.5 Statistical Survey Report: During the whole semester Spring-2011, students of the concern course will

be conducting individually or groups one Statistical Survey Report under the assigned aims and objectives given by course supervisor. The main theme of this activity is that students of this course will be able to utilize the theoretical concepts of Statistical Inferences in real situation. Survey Report will be submitted before two weeks of the Final Examination (Spring-2011). Report of the Statistical Survey should be not more than 08 pages included title page.

2.6 Class Participation: Class participation can be evaluated under the student’s reading habit of the assign chapter in the mentioned 45 sessions, question answer sessions in the class, queries about the topic(s), students’ class presence, maintaining class discipline (switched off cell phone, late coming in the class) etc.

2.7 Attendance: Students can be allowed maximum limit 9 absences during the whole Spring Semester-2011. After the maximum limit of absences (more than 9 absences) students will not be allowed to appear/sit in final examination. Their names will be forwarded to the examination department to stop them to sit in the Final Examination. Students’ class attendance grading (marks) will be given according to the following numbers of absences during the whole Spring Semester-2011:

Marks Numbers of Absences 5.0 0 to 4 Absences 4.5 5 Absences 4.0 6 Absences 3.5 7 Absences 3.0 8 Absences

2.5 9 Absences 0.0 More than 9 Absences





2.8 Formula Sheet: Formula Sheet will be provided (allowed) only with the Mid-Term and Final Examination paper(s), Spring Semester-2011.

2.9 Group e-mail: Course materials such as lecture, slides, session wise lectures, important notes, handouts, topics relevant websites, examination results, examination date(s), practice exercises, mini statistical case study etc. will be proved through the group e-mailed to the students of Statistical Inference course (Spring-2011). Therefore, all students of this course are advised to join, add or register individually in the group e-mail with following necessary particulars:

a) Full Nameb) Father’s Namec) Correct Enrolment/Registration Number assigned by the Bahria

University.d) Gendere) Class with sectionf) Previous education background (such as Commerce, Pre-Medical,

Pre-Engineering, Arts group etc.)

Without above Six (06) mentioned necessary particulars, students will be not registered or accepted to join the group e-mail.

Group Name: sis11Group Home Page: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/sis11Group e-mail: [email protected]

2.10.1 Text Book: Richard I. Levin; Davin S. Rubin, “Statistics for Management”,7th or 8th edition.

2.10.2 Reference Books: 1. “Introduction to Statistics” by Ronald E. Walpole, 3rd Edition.2. S. C. Richard, (2000), “Basic Statistical Analysis”, 6th edition.

2.11 Special Advice It is advised to the students of this course that go through the topics and reading materials before attending the lecture/session. Also note your queries about the concern topic to discuss at questions/answers sessions during the lecture hour.

2.12 Statistical Software: Students of this course will use two statistical software(s) for data analysis. i.e. Excel and SPSS will be used to develop fruitful and fast statistical analysis skills of the students in data analysis.

2.13 Bonus Marks: For the motivation, interest and positive inclination towards the study of the student in this course, “Bonus Marks” will be given in three quizzes. Each

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/sis11

quiz contains ½ bonus marks, if students’ those who got full marks in any quiz, they suppose to get ½ extra bonus marks.

-: * * * Good Luck for Spring-2012 Semester* * * :-

course outines statistical inference (qtm-522)

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