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Salmo BC

A Community Literacy Plan for Salmo & Area

Columbia Basin Alliance for Literacy

CBAL Operating AreaNational / Provincial ParksFerry Crossing

Hinton

Valemount

Mica Creek

Revelstoke

Golden

Parson

McMurdo

Rogers Pass

Spillimacheen

Edgewater

Radium Hot-Springs

InvermereWindermere

Canal Flats

Skookumchuck

FairmontHot Springs

Trout Lake

Gerrard

HalcyonHot Springs

Nakusp

HillsRoseberry

SilvertonKasloEdgewood Fauquier

Burton

Slocan

Winlaw

Slocan Park

Crawfor

d Bay

Gray Creek

Boswell

Sanca

Wynndel

Creston Yahk

Moyle

Cranbrook

Salmo

Nelson

Ymir

Elkford

Sparwood

Fernie

Fort Steele

Wasa

Wardner

Jaffray

Fort Macleod

CalgaryBanff

Kimberley

Castlegar

Blueberry

TrailMontrose

Rossland

Paulson

GrandForks

Greenwood

MidwayRock Creek

Beaverdell

Rhone

Westbridge

Brides

ville

Kamloops

Barriere

Little Fort

Blue River

Clearwater

Jasper

Mt. Robson

Field

Salmon Arm

Vernon

Osoyoos

KelownaPeachland

To Vancouver

New Denver

AinsworthHot Springs

Balfour

HarropProcter

23

23

31

95A

Waldo

Newgate

Galloway Elko

3

3

95

3

11

16

16

16

43

3

2

22

95

93

Headwaters ofthe Columbia River

23

5

93

11

Sicamous

97A

9797

9797

97C

97B

33

3

Colville

To Spokane395

395

3B

22 22A

31

20

93

6

6

66

31A

Arrow Park

Beaton

Banff National Park

Jasper National Park

Glacier

Ferguson

Valhalla Kokannee

Bugaboo

3A

Kootenay Lake

Arrow Lakes

KinbasketLake

Columbia River

Columbia River

Meadow CreekArgenta

WASHINGTON IDAHO MONTANA

ALBERTABCPanorama

Table of Contents

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 The Literacy Now Planning Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 A Vision for Literacy in Salmo and Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Salmo and Area Community Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Literacy Assets Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Current Literacy Programs and Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Community Literacy Plan for Salmo & Area . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

List of Appendices

Appendix A BC Stats Demographic Profile Appendix B Priority Health and Health System Issues in the Region Appendix C Literacy Now Community Literacy Planning Session notes Appendix D CED Strategy Framework

Summary: The launch meeting for Literacy Now in Salmo was held on January 31, 2005. 22 community members attended that meeting. This group developed a list of literacy assets, as well as a list of the issues and challenges related to literacy work in the Salmo area. The group agreed upon the next steps of expanding the existing Salmo Community Literacy Advisory Committee (CLAC) and requested that this established group of literacy advocates steer the literacy planning process. Follow up meetings were held to identify several areas of focus to consider for the plan. The Literacy Now Planning Process: The community members involved in the Literacy Now Initiative:

Name Occupation/literacy interest Launch Session

Working Group

CLAC Member

Jim Church Salmo Community Resource Society

X

Bruce Schimpf Salmo Elementary School X Pat Judd Salmo Secondary School X Betty Graeper Counsellor, Salmo Community

Resource Society X

Marie Zettl Salmo Public Library X X X Ann Henderson Village of Salmo X Janet McAskie Salmo Valley Youth & SCRS X Jessica McAskie Salmo Secondary School Student X Dave Lang Community Economic

Development Committee X

Debra Barrett Success by Six/Children and Families

X

Heather Street Salmo Chamber of Commerce X Maureen Berk Salmo Recreation Society X Melanie Mobbs SV Youth & Community Centre X X X Andrew Jarrett Salmo Community Resource

Society X X

Kaye Hohn Salmo Community Services/CBT Education Sector

X X X

Laurieann McCoshen

Salmo Youth Society X

Sue Bakken Salmo Secondary School X Noreen Raney Salmo Public Library X X Sally Albert Salmo Elementary School X Vi Turner Community Member X Chandni Heuscher Community Member X S. Fountain Salmo Secondary School X Kathy Bedard School District #8 X

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The working group members provided input, feedback and participated in the decision making throughout the stages of the planning process.

• Information regarding the launch meeting for the Literacy Now initiative was widely distributed. Invitations were mailed to individuals representing a range of sectors in the community and an email information campaign was launched inviting all individuals interested in attending. The Salmo and area CLAC continues to invite all who are interested to participate at any time.

• Individuals unable to attend Literacy Now meetings have continued to be involved and informed via email or telephone.

• All reports, notes and minutes from meetings are circulated to all who attended or have indicated a wish to be informed via email.

• All individuals are encouraged to share their perspective and opinions to better inform our work and ensure that we are representing our community.

How the working group members were involved: The working group members provided input, feedback and participated in the decision making of the planning process. From working on the vision statement to identifying real actions to take over the coming year, this group has volunteered a great deal of time and has provided the passion and energy to carry this initiative forward. How were the principles of collaboration, universal access, respect and open communication developed and maintained? Information regarding the launch meeting for the Literacy Now initiative was widely distributed. Invitations were mailed to individuals representing a range of sectors in the community and an email information campaign was launched inviting all individuals interested in attending. The Community Literacy Advisory Committee continues to invite anyone who is interested to participate to have input. All reports, notes and minutes from meetings are circulated to all who attended or have indicated a wish to be informed via email. All individuals are encouraged to share their perspectives and opinions to better inform our work and ensure that we are representing our community. How the areas of need were chosen: Strong weight was given to the planning processes that have taken place in the area over the past five years. The working group participated in two prioritization processes which resulted in a wider long-term plan as well as a more focused short-term plan. Our Vision for Literacy in Salmo and Area:

We envision a community which promotes literacy by fostering an environment in which literacy is integrated into many programs, activities and events. Literacy programs, resources and education would be sponsored by a diverse group of institutions and organizations and accessible to people of all ages.

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Salmo and Area Community Profile

Introduction The total population of Salmo and area is 2,487. Salmo is located at the junction of Highway 3B and Highway 6 in the southern Kootenays, 42 km east of Castlegar, 46 km south of Nelson, and approximately 80 km west of Creston. Salmo The small village of Salmo, to the east of Trail in the Kootenays region of southeast British Columbia, is one of the booming mining towns whose prosperity was curtailed by a decline in gold and mineral mining successes. Originally named Salmon Siding on the Nelson & Fort Sheppard Railway, Salmo began its existence as a railway siding before growing into a small town. The small communities of Ymir and Erie sprang up to the north and west, and Salmo soon became a centre for supplies and entertainment, thriving and humming on a Friday night after a local gold strike. As local mines began to play out, the miners turned to the forest for a living. With the growth in the neighbouring communities of Nelson and Trail, the demand for lumber grew. Today, Salmo remains a community of forest workers. The pretty town features heritage wooden buildings from the 1920s and 1930s, and streets adorned with colourful hanging flower baskets in summer. Salmo is a quaint and interesting little town that has visitors arriving every year to sightsee in the old downtown, and relax in the mountains and trails around the region. In 1990, students of Salmo's Kootenay Stone Masonry Training Institute produced seven murals depicting local history made of local stone, on buildings throughout the community. In the days before hydroelectric dams, salmon used to run up the Columbia River and into the Salmo River (salmon in Latin). Although the mining industry has long since declined along with the town population, Ymir nevertheless remains as an outdoor recreational paradise. Snowmobiling and Nordic sports reign in the winter and a myriad of recreational opportunities are present during the summer season. The 9-hole Salmo District Golf Club on Airport Road, 3 kms south of downtown Salmo, features flat and wide-open fairways. Winter vacationers head to the Salmo Ski Hill, which provides groomed runs, gently sloping runs, moguls, steep slopes, pristine powder, racing courses, a half pipe for snowboarders, a bunny hill, and cross country ski trails. Whitewater Ski Resort, a popular spot for snowboarders and cross-country skiers is located 20 minutes from Salmo.

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http://www.britishcolumbia.com/regions/towns/?townID=3484





http://www.britishcolumbia.com/Ski/resorts/?id=24

http://www.britishcolumbia.com/Ski/resorts/?id=26

Salmo Community Services is a vital leader in the area providing a range of valued services to residents. A local museum and summer swimming pool are other assets in the community. A community effort has been underway for a few years to revitalize and beautify the downtown area to enhance local pride and tourism values. An active Chamber of Commerce serves as a support to local businesses. Ymir Ymir is in Area G of the Regional District of Central Kootenay with a population of 1,354 according to Census 2001 data. Ymir has a very colorful history and the roots of that mining history of hardiness and self-suficiency remains as a foremost characteristic of present day residents. At one point, Ymir's population peaked at nearly 10,000 residents. "Yimr" comes from Norse mythology and is the name for the frost giants. Salmo and Area Community History Ymir, Erie, and Salmo were small mining towns that grew up along the right-of-way of the Historic Nelson/Fort Shepherd Railway in the Gold Rush years of 1896 and '97. Placer miners had been panning local creeks since Joseph Morel found gold on the Pend d'Oreille River in 1855. In the mid 1880's and 90's there was a flurry of staking activity when promising outcroppings were discovered on Kootenay mountains. At the turn of the century, Salmo had an estimated population of 75 people and one man in four was blessed by the name of William. This gave rise to an interesting assortment of nicknames and descriptions for each. The characters ranged from the upstanding newlywed Postman who died tragically from a cold, to the inevitably named Wild Bill, who fit the title completely, and a range of personalities in between the two. Ymir, the largest and most prosperous of the communities that grew up to serve the developing mines south of Nelson, had a population of 1000 with 13 hotels and rooming houses. The earliest miners in the area arrived in 1860's when mining claims were recorded on Quartz Creek. In 1885, the Hall brothers and their group prospected on Wild Horse Creek. The Nelson and Fort Sheppard Company laid track through the Salmo River Valley in 1893, linking the United States with the Kootenay goldfields. The Ymir mine was first staked in 1895, and by 1896, the Dundee, Tamarack, Porto Rico, and others were staked as well. In 1897, three Rossland businessmen filed claim to 620 acres in the area surrounding Quartz Creek. Within two weeks, the land was surveyed, lots were sold and the roots of the town of Ymir were created. Later, during the 1940's, Sheep Creek had a school, post office store and pool hall. Erie, Granite City, Remac - everywhere there was a mine, a settlement grew up beside it. At present, the old workings of mines can still be seen high on the hillsides. These mines have been major producers of gold, silver, lead, zinc, and tungsten. Ymir hosts a number of all season backcountry recreation operations,. Winter sports with skiing and snowmobiling take advantage of the exceptional snow quality in the local backcountry. Hotel Ymir is a famous watering hole well known around the region. Ymir also has a volunteer fire department and state of the art equipment.

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http://selkirkloop.org/tcb_rossland.htm

The historic Dewdney Trail that ran between Hope, at the east end of the Fraser Valley, and Wildhorse, near Creston in the East Kootenays passes through Salmo. Although much of the original 4 foot wide pathway that Edgar Dewdney blazed in 1865 has been neglected, it is still possible to hike portions of it that have been maintained between Christina Lake and Rossland. Dewdney was a young civilian surveyor who was originally hired by Colonial-Governor Douglas in 1860 to build a trail between Hope and the gold fields in the Okanagan Valley region. With the discovery of gold in Stud Horse Creek (later named Wild Horse Creek), Dewdney was asked to extend the trail east to Wildhorse in 1865. With help from the weather, he was able to complete the route from the Kootenays in five months. Dewdney's legacy can be touched in several places and by several modes of exploration. The Salmo River Valley was famous for the large cedars that grew in the area. The early logging industry and forest fires have destroyed much of it but isolated stands can still be found and huge stumps show the size of the old trees. Logging has continued to flourish although different sawmills have opened and closed over the years. Before the dams on the Columbia River were built, the Salmo River was heavily stocked with fish, which gave the river its original name, The Salmon River. First known as Salmon Siding, the name of the town was changed to Salmo to avoid confusion with other places bearing the same name. Today Salmo has replaced Ymir as the major center because it lies at the junction of two main highways. Until 1998, Salmo retained its link with the railway through the shunting area and the station, which was one of the few stations still in use. Local First Nations Salmo and area are found within the ancestral range of the Ktunaxa, Secwepemc, and Sinixt Nations. The website information provided by each of these Nations describes a wide-ranging traditional territory that includes Salmo and area. “Ktunaxa (pronounced ‘k-too-nah-ha’) people have occupied the lands adjacent to the Kootenay and Columbia Rivers and the Kootenay and Arrow Lakes of British Columbia, Canada for more than 10,000 years. The Traditional Territory of the Ktunaxa Nation covers approximately 70,000 square kilometres (27,000 square miles) within the Kootenay region of south-eastern British Columbia and historically included parts of Alberta, Montana, Washington and Idaho.” (http://www.ktunaxa.org/who/index.html) The Ktunaxa Nation, also known as the Kootenay or Kutenai Nation, was the first group to inhabit the region. The Ktunaxa lived a nomadic lifestyle, following vegetation and hunting cycles throughout their territory (Ktunaxa Kinbasket Treaty Council 2000).

“The Secwepemc People, known by non-natives as the Shuswap, is a Nation of 17 bands occupying the south-central part of the Province of British Columbia, Canada. The ancestors of the Secwepemc people have lived in the interior of British Columbia for at least 10,000 years. At the time of contact with Europeans in the late 18th century, the Secwepemc occupied a vast territory, extending from the Columbia River valley on the

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http://www.ktunaxa.org/who/index.html

east slope of the Rocky Mountains to the Fraser River on the west and from the upper Fraser River in the north to the Arrow Lakes in the south. Traditional Shuswap territory covers approximately 145,000 square kilometres (56,000 square miles).” http://www.secwepemc.org/secwho.html

“From the headwaters of the Columbia River north of Nakusp, to Kaslo in the West, Revelstoke in the East, and down into what is now known as Washington State, the Sinixt people lived in harmony with this land. They had extensive trade routes known as grease trails, traveled by foot and with sturgeon- nosed canoes, lived in pit houses, hunted caribou, fished and gathered wild plants and medicines.” http://sinixt.kics.bc.ca/history.html

Economic Profile In the Salmo and Ymir communities, the economy is dependent largely on forestry in both the logging and forest products processing areas (+30%). Construction (5%), retail trade (9.4%), and professional/technical services (6.3%) contribute to local employment. Accommodation and food services account for 5% of local employment. Mining, while once of major importance, currently provides some employment in exploration activities only. The local credit union and the school are two of the largest local employers . Health care and social services constitute 9.4% of local jobs. The regional refuse site located just outside of Salmo provides another 20 jobs.

The forest history of the area dates back to the late 1800’s and developed initially to service mining and later to salvage fire-killed timber. The forest industry was active in the 1930’s - ‘70’s and declined somewhat in the ‘80’s with closure of a number of mills. A couple of years ago Atco located in nearby Fruitvale closed its primary breakdown sawmill facility with a resulting major impact on local employment. Transportation and industrial infrastructure in the Salmo/Ymir area has well developed road and rail access and numerous industrial sites. Transportation and wharehousing account for 8.3% of local jobs. The community of Salmo is centrally located and is in a position to serve as a hub for the region. Rubber tire traffic through the area has potential to bring more visitors. Housing is affordable in Salmo and area. Average dwelling value is 46% less than the BC average. 40% of the dwellings in Salmo are rented out at an average monthly payment of $583. as opposed to the provincial average of $904 per month. Forest Sector Activities Wood manufacturing to produce various products is the driving force in the forest sector. Primary mills face continued consolidation, declining harvests and higher costs than other jurisdictions and most other interior Timber Supply Areas. Competition for log supplies is intense. Atco Lumber is the only major primary manufacturer in the study area with their veneer plant still in production; however, the primary milling facility closed 3 or so years ago. There are relatively few value-added manufacturers in the Salmo/Ymir area.

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http://www.secwepemc.org/secwho.html

http://sinixt.kics.bc.ca/history.html

Lack of raw material, entrepreneurial skills and business planning are sited as key reasons for this low level of activity. There may be potential for wildcrafting of botanical forest products which is quite active in some areas of the province and includes a wide variety of non-timber products such as mushrooms, florals and evergreens, medicinal and pharmaceuticals, herbs and decorative woods. Currently, forest based training is available through a number of facilities outside the study area including Selkirk College, the Silva Foundation (facility at Erie Creek), the Open Learning Agency, the Value-Added Skills Centre in Abbotsford and the Kootenay School of the Arts. Financing is often difficult for small businesses in the Salmo/Ymir area particularly for purchase of used equipment and working capital. Labour Market Trends Nelson and Area has traditionally been the home base for the greater share of professionals working in jobs in Salmo. Even with lower housing costs, many professional families are choosing to live elsewhere and commute to their employment in Salmo. At the same time, many Salmo residents commute to larger centres for work. Regional labour markets, such as the Kootenays, are more resource dependent and have higher unemployment rates than metropolitan areas. Regionally and globally, the labour market and economy are undergoing major changes. Forestry sector is undergoing global consolidation thus making it more difficult for smaller operations like those found in this area, to be competitive. Employment growth generally is centered in the service sector in areas such as transportation, communications and utilities, wholesale trade, finance, insurance and real estate, and business services. Increases in goods production have been driven by technology resulting in job loss in the forest industry exacerbated by declining allowable annual cut. The shift to knowledge intensive and technology based jobs demands higher skills and level of education. Intermediate level technical skills and employability skills are increasingly in demand. Workers in the forest industry with lower skills and education levels face limited opportunities to replace lost jobs. Employment growth is shifting to small business with more part time and self employment and lower wage rates. New forestry management practices (e.g. intensive forestry) and the value added sector are expected to generate much of the growth in the forest sector.

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Infrastructure Salmo/Ymir is centrally located to a number of population centres in Canada and the United States and has good road access. Highways 3 and 3A connect Salmo/Ymir to Nelson to the north and to Nelway/Spokane to the south. The Canadian Pacific Railway passes through Nelson linking Creston and the East Kootenays to Nelson and to Castlegar and Trail. The major airport for the area is located at Castlegar and is serviced by Air Canada. An airstrip is also located south of Salmo. Electrical service is provided by Fortis via a 60 kv line running along Highways 6 and 3B. Salmo is serviced by natural gas. Lack of universal high-speed internet capacity is a serious detriment to business operations. Recreation The Salmo/Ymir area has many exceptional forest based recreation opportunities. Winter activities include snowmobiling, cross country skiing, downhill skiing/snowboarding, backcountry skiing, snow shoeing and winter fishing. Other activities include lake and stream fishing, hunting, camping, hiking, kayaking/canoeing, mountain biking, rock climbing/scrambling, horseback riding, wildlife viewing, rockhounding, gold panning, hang gliding and trail biking. Salmo Recreation provides year round recreation programming, including a community fitness centre. There is also a vibrant amateur theatre company. Water Resources The Salmo River drainage system and a portion of the lower reach of the Pend d’Oreille River are located in the study area. The Salmo River drains an area of 1300 square km into the Pend d’Oreille River. There is significant flooding potential along the river, particularly near the alluvial fans of tributary creeks. Numerous lakes and tributaries flow into these water courses. The only community watershed in the area is located at Quartz Creek near Ymir. The Village of Salmo has a municipal water system fed by wells. Other domestic water is obtained by surface water and individual wells. The Seven Mile Dam, located on the Pend d’Oreille River is an electrical generation facility owned by BC Hydro and Power Authority. Surface water is generally of high quality throughout the area and ground water is readily accessible at shallow depths in the main Salmo Valley. Pollution sources include the regional dump site, the municipal sewer system and abandoned mine tailings in Salmo and Ymir. Fisheries The Salmo River and its tributaries support stream fisheries for cutthroat trout, Dolly Varden, bass, eastern brook trout and rainbow trout. The once famous king salmon fisheries disappeared with the construction of the Grand Coulee Dam. In addition, dyking has cut off backwater rearing areas for young trout.

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The mainstream river provides good fishing and lower reaches of tributary streams serve as spawning and rearing habitat. Tributaries upstream of barriers to spawning fish also support populations of small resident trout which are utilized by local anglers (e.g. Porcupine, Sheep and Ymir Creek). The Salmo River system is considered a top priority in the Kootenay region for fisheries management, including the creation of enhanced fisheries and conservation of fisheries stocks. This will be particularly helpful in increasing fisheries in the mountain lakes. Developments by BC Hydro at the Seven Mile Dam and Columbia Power Corp.at the Waneta Dam provide compensation funds for enhancement of habitat for bull and rainbow trout. The Pend d’Oreille River is essentially a pondage and provides very limited fisheries values. Wildlife The Salmo/Ymir area supports a diversity of wildlife values. Low elevations along the Pend d’Oreille River create a warm climate suitable for wintering ungulates (white tailed deer, mule deer and elk) and water fowl. The uncontrolled river fluctuations of the Salmo River watershed enhance the area as deer summer range and create an environment suitable for a variety of fur bearers. The Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks has conducted a feeding and habitat enhancement program this year to prevent large mortality. Numerous small elk herds totaling 300 - 400 animals are also present in the study area. The herds are noted for producing big bulls prized as trophy animals. Elk wintering areas are primarily on the south west aspects above the Salmo River, on the west side of the main Salmo River north of Salmo, the area around Rosebud Lake and the Pend d’Oreille Valley. A small herd of Selkirk Mountain Caribou inhabit high elevation areas along the Selkirk Summit on the eastern boundary of the study area. The caribou herd are managed by an international committee. High elevation old growth spruce/sub-alpine fir habitat above the 4000 ft. elevation is critical to the survival of this population. The Selkirk Mountain Caribou herd are viewable on the Salmo/Creston summit. Grizzly bears are present at high elevations and range over wide areas. The grizzly population east and west of Salmo is the subject of an endangered species recovery program in the United States. A mountain sheep herd exists at the Salmo Creston summit and has been the subject of a winter feeding program for many years. Black bears exist in the area, as do fur bearing animals and limited waterfowl populations. A small number of trappers use the area. No guide outfitters are licensed in the area. A variety of bird species in the Pend d’Oreille Valley provide bird watching opportunities. Grouse populations have remained low in recent years due to wet and cold springs. Wild turkeys, however, are moving into the area in large numbers.

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History of Community Planning in Salmo Area Aside from the Official Community Plan, Salmo and Area does not have a history of strategic long-term planning. In 2000 The Salmo and Area Community Resiliency Project, a Human Resources Canada funded initiative examined 23 resiliency characteristics related to a community's capacity to shape its own ways of life and work. This information was then made available to the community to assess their situation, and focus their economic and social planning accordingly. The process illuminated historical tensions within facets of the community and strong conflict surfaced. The report indicated a perceived community lean towards encouraging classic, resource extraction businesses and a lack of community openness to alternative ways of earning a living. It was also stressed that there is some perceived resistance to non-resource based jobs. This resistance to alternative forms of employment is allegedly connected to past reliance on one major employer. The Resiliency Report highlighted that "long term resilience and economic stability are affected by social issues such as literacy and housing. Increasing the quality of life and economic independence of low-income people strengthens the whole community. Involving these groups in strategies to address poverty is likely to increase their participation in other areas of community life."

The Resiliency outcomes identified two key areas as next steps for addressing obstacles to community economic development and change.

• Development of an economic plan that guides social and economic development in the community that will identify a common understanding of what the community will accomplish over the next few years or how the efforts of various groups are linked or will change anything for the better or an evaluation of any results.

• Conflict Resolution training

The Rural Economic Development Program of the Columbia Basin Trust focused resources into the community to address the two priorities over a two-year period. A community economic development (CED) strategy was developed that identifies economic, social and environmental goals and included terms of reference for a CED committee of council to implement the plan. See Appendix D, CED Strategy Framework.

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Demographic Scan Data Collection The most current estimate puts the population of Salmo at 1,133 (BC Stats 2005). Census numbers have dropped 3.6% since 2003. 2001 Population in Central Kootenay Area G was 1,354 a drop of 14% from 1996. Age Distribution In terms of age distribution, based on 2001 Census figures, the community of Salmo and area follows the provincial average with the majority of the population between 25-64 years. Adults 25-44 years are the largest age group at 25% of the population. The percentage of children ages 0-19 (27%) is higher than provincial norms (24%). The percentage of seniors (16%) exceeds the provincial averages by 2%. Family Structure As of the 2001 census, 66% of Salmo and area families had children at home. Of these families, 17% were headed by a single parent. This is slightly higher than the provincial average of 15%. The incidence of low-income families is higher that the provincial average at 19.4% compared to 18% For the Central Kootenay Regional District, age structure is represented as follows: Age Structure (Percentage Distribution)

0 - 17 18 - 24 25 - 64 65 + Total 1991 25.3 7.9 51.2 15.6 100 2001 25.0 9.1 50.8 15.1 100

The proportion of population over 65 is higher than the provincial average. For Health and Wellness information, see Appendix 1 Employment and Income Unemployment is considerably higher than the provincial average of 8.5%. Salmo unemployment in 2001 was 16% and Area G over 14% of the labour force. According to 2001 Census figures, the average full time, full year earnings in the Salmo area is $33,333 compared to the BC average of $44,307 with the incident of low income at nearly 13%, slightly lower than the provincial average. Low income is significantly higher in Salmo area in the unattached 15+population at 53% than the average in BC of 38%. Dependency on the safety net (basic BC Assistance and EI) is slightly higher in the area with the largest increase over provincial averages in the 19-64 age group receiving assistance. This figure is likely connected to the seasonal nature of some local employment. Reliance upon government transfers constitutes 50% more of local income

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than the provincial average. Income from government transfers is significantly higher in the area (+11%) than the provincial average. Population Growth According to P.E.O. P. L. E. 30 BC Stats, the population of Salmo and Region is expected to see modest population increase over the next five years. The quality of life values which include the natural setting and recreational opportunities are expected to draw new residents including early retirees. The new migrants are projected to offset downturns in the resource based industries and resulting relocation of workers. General Education Salmo is home to one of Industry Canada's Community Access Programs (CAP). The Community Access Program is a partnership between Industry Canada, Salmo Public Library and the Community of Salmo.

The brand new facility at the Salmo Secondary is part of School District 8 (Kootenay Lake). The school enrolls approximately 165 students in grades 7 through 12 and has a total staff of 22.5, including 16 teachers, 2 administrators and 4.5 support staff. Although a small school, a full range of curricular and extracurricular activities is offered. Salmo also has the Salmo Alternate School which provides alternative learning opportunities for students.

SSS Misson Statement - School plays a vital role in influencing the intellectual, social, and personal development of students. To this end, Salmo Secondary School provides learning experiences in a supportive environment that places realistic expectations of academic, technical, and personal excellence upon the learners. Each student should develop the knowledge, skills and attitudes essential to a lifelong learner and productive citizen in a healthy, democratic society. The 2001 Census found that more Salmo and area residents over 20 years old did not complete high school 18% compared to a provincial average of 15%. Additional key educational information about Salmo and region include:

• Salmo and region has a higher than provincial average for no high school

diploma, yet also higher for high school graduation and trades diplomas. • Significant to note that females are less likely to complete high school than males.

The number of females in this category is over double that of males. • Lower than provincial average university degree/diploma • Higher than provincial average college certificate or diploma • % ages 20-34 with trades diplomas lower (3%) in Salmo and area than in BC • Significantly higher population ages 35-44 in Salmo (21%) than in BC (14%)

with a trades certificate or diploma • Significantly lower % in Salmo and area than the province for post secondary

education.

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http://sd8.bc.ca/

Literacy Assets Inventory:

“We plan, innovate, and act best together by building incrementally and wisely on the literacy assets that already exist in the community.” (Perryman, 2004) At the community literacy planning session held in January 2005, the participants pointed to some of the assets and challenges that our community faces in its efforts to support learning and literacy. Some of the assets noted included Family Literacy programs, library programs and community collaboration. For a full summary of the initial Literacy Now Community Literacy Planning Workshop, please see Appendix B. From this initial work, an inventory of programs and services supporting literacy and learning in the Salmo area has been compiled. Please see Appendix C. While this inventory attempts to map the available literacy resources, it is intended that additions will be made as more resources are identified. We plan, innovate, and act best together by building incrementally and wisely on the literacy assets that already exist in the community. In Salmo, people pointed to, for example: The Library

• Strong collection • CAP Site with one-on-one computer learning assistance • Good Volunteers and library staff • Literacy programming in partnership with other groups ie Books and Brunch • Great children’s resources

The Children’s Centre

• Preschool, Early Childhood educated staff, day care facility, after school care The Schools

• District accountability contract with literacy as a goal • Committed staff • Approachable teachers • Reading and Writing programs • Grade 12s graduating with literacy skills • Body of keen learners • New facility (Salmo Secondary) • Special Education Teachers’ Assistants in both schools • Action research projects currently being done by teachers • Salmo schools are community schools with community involvement • Programs like ‘Bridging the Divide’ build community and literacy skills • Part of a regional network of schools • Community learning partnerships in place • Growing library collection in the library which is a fun place to be • SMART and Ready, Set, Learn initiatives • Video-editing equipment available • School health programs

14

The Youth & Community Centre

• New, centrally located facility • Youth Coordinator • Youth involvement in community processes • Youth Employment Resource Centre • Senior’s programs

Volunteers

• Committed group of volunteers who care about the community Salmo Community Resource Society

• Partnering organization • New, more accessible facility with greatly enhanced office and meeting spaces • Part of a larger regional network (West Kootenay-Boundary Cooperative) • Leading the Success by Six initiative

Senior Citizens

• Involved in the One to One program and upgrading/learning for themselves • Actively participating in community processes • Volunteering

Village Council interest Local media coverage

• Cable TV channel • Monthly newspaper

Current Literacy Programs and Resources: Pre-Kindergarten/Family Literacy:

Books for Babies Preschool/Daycare Success by Six initiative

School-Aged Literacy

Ready Set Learn School-wide reading and writing assessments

Youth Literacy

• New youth centre with a paid youth coordinator position

Adult Literacy CAP Site Computer/internet training

15

Literacy Resources and Services in Salmo & Area

Prenatal

and Perinatal

Birth to 5 years

Kindergarten To Grade 3

Grades

4-7

Grades

8-9

Grades 10-12

Young Adults

Adults

Seniors

Public Health

Salmo Children’s Centre

Early assessment and intervention

Amateur Theatre Group

Pregnancy Outreach

Ymir Family Support Group

SMART reading and writing strategies

Youth Centre/Youth Coordinator

Living Well Beyond

Parent Support Group

Parent-Child Mother Goose classes

Salmo Elementary School

Vibrant Women’s Group

Senior’s Counsellor

Librarian at large

Ready Set Learn initiatives

Books and Brunch

CAP Site

Computer Training

Books for Babies

Alternate School

Story Time

Play With Me

SCRS Family Centre

Issues and Challenges: Community planning efforts have identified some issues and challenges for our community to consider. As with the assets, this list cannot be considered to be complete. Rather, these issues should be a starting point and a guiding hand in how the community focuses its energy in terms of learning and literacy. It is integral that these challenges be re-visited by the committee as our community grows and changes. This plan must be a living document that can be responsive to new issues that may arise, while continuing to successfully address the priorities identified by the community. An analysis of the inventory assets, input from community members, and past plans identified some areas and challenges for consideration (see below). These issues have been expanded and developed into the objectives and recommendations for action that make up the long-term plan. In the discussions at the Salmo planning session, people pointed to a number of related issues and challenges, including:

Gap between preschool and kindergarten literacy

Parent involvement – we have a problem reaching out far enough

There is inadequate access to pre-school programs at the Children’s Centre for low income families because they cannot afford to pay for it

Kids are coming to school not quite ready

We need a way for pre-kindergarten children to get into the school and perhaps be mentored in some way by the grade one and maybe grade two kids

Not everyone attends the preschool or the early childhood programs – not universally accessed by the people who need them the most

We have families who are ‘systems shy’ and we’re not sure how to attract them to the resources that are there

Vulnerable families are not necessarily single parent

Cuts in funding to preschoolers and families have really restricted the potential to have children ready for kindergarten – preschool may be too costly

Programs that require parents to stay may not be attractive to some parents

Lack of communication with new families in town – many people don’t know what is available

Parents are lacking literacy skills so they cannot access information about programs

Communication seems to be a huge gap – the newspaper is monthly and does not come out in the summer; not everyone reads the bulletin board or has cable TV. Word of mouth is the best form of advertising.

Parents may only know about programs once their child starts school

16

We need to learn how to make the brochures and posters about our programs more clear ie in plain Language

Special Needs kids don’t have many services, particularly at the preschool level

Physio and OT services are based in Nelson

Transportation is an issue

More gender gap here than some other places – girls scoring higher

We need more boy-friendly books, activities, etc

Public Health Nurse finds that some of her clients are not literate and this presents a problem for treatment and support to them

Computer skills – kids have them, but older folks don’t, particularly important for communication purposes and getting information – email and internet. Also for people seeking employment – they often don’t have transportation to get to employment centres so they must access the internet for information

Need for adult literacy services – for people just out of the school system age to seniors – these folk are not coming forward for a variety of reasons because there is such a stigma. They have a lot of coping skills so no one may know. There are people with entry-level jobs who work very long hours, making it difficult to participate in learning opportunities

For adults, the programs tend to be band aid solutions – people cannot restructure their whole lives in order to take part in a literacy program.

We need to think about different ways to present learning opportunities for adults – at work?

We need to think about the reasons why adults want to learn and what it is they want to do

The Learning Centre is able to provide instruction at a variety of levels and for a variety of things – one problem is that everything has to lead to graduation because funding is tied to this.

Need for informal adult learning opportunities

The view of what literacy is needs to change – come and learn something that is really practical – not come and learn to read – come to fill out a form, study for a driving test, etc.

Some people have had a bad experience with schooling and may not go to the Learning Centre directly – may need to be bridged there with another kind of program – volunteer tutoring?

The Learning Centre tends to get more female students than male

Getting Dads involved in parenting programs is an issue. We need to package things differently – make things more active for Dads

There is a need to integrate literacy in other activities that people are already participating in

17

There is a gap in our culture of learning – could have book clubs, writing clubs, film festivals, etc.

There is a need for more supports for people between grade 6 and graduation – high school kids who can’t read are sliding through because they must – how can we keep kids reading? Perhaps the youth centre can find out what is being taught at school and complement that. There are kids who reject what happens at school no matter what the school does – perhaps another place can support them in some way/provide a neutral non-school space

One-to-One Tutoring program is not currently running

There are a lack of opportunities to take literacy training in some areas – computer, critical thinking, problem solving, interpersonal skills, oral communication – how do we address this and who will do it?

Technology and computer skills are not widely held

Employment skills training and employment services are not always available

18

Community Literacy Plan: Long-term Goals Goal 1: Build the strengths of the mainstream learning programs and resources that continue to allow children, young people, and adults to become literate and to develop a joy in literacy activities such as reading and writing. Goal 2: Create learning programs and resources to support those children, youth, and adults who have not been, or are not, well served by the mainstream learning programs. Goal 3: Embed learning and literacy activities in all community settings, for example: libraries, sports programs, churches, workplaces, youth programs, senior programs. Action Plan: Objective 1: Sustain and increase current literacy programs and services.

Recommendations

• Increase partnerships and participation in current literacy programs and services.

• Explore fundraising options for community literacy support.

• Continue to link and embed literacy in other programs which have more sustainable

sources of funding.

• Continue to partner with Salmo Community Resource Society, Salmo Public Library, Salmo Elementary and Secondary Schools, Preschool to provide current programming.

• Advocate to sustain what is already working within the community.

Success Statement: We will continue to offer the programs and resources we now offer, and grow to satisfy the growing need. The partners currently involved will remain involved, and new partners will become involved.

19

Objective 2: Increase communication between service providers in the Salmo area.

Recommendations

• Develop an email list to keep people informed about literacy resources and

services.

• Develop a website with links to other local websites to increase awareness among service providers and community members.

• Develop a newsletter and community calendar of programs for children and

families, and display it in diverse community locations. Success Statement: Local agencies, service providers, and community members will be aware of the literacy resources and services available in the Salmo area.

Objective 3: Develop and deliver unique and creative literacy services.

Recommendations

• Develop accessible literacy programs, services and locations that are fun and

non-threatening.

• Think outside of the box—add a literacy component to events, visiting programs, and other existing programs and services.

• Provide opportunities for computer learning. Success Statement: A literacy component will be added to existing programs and services/community events in the Salmo Area. Community members will be enthusiastic about participating as these activities will be fun and non-threatening.

20

Resources

1. Statistics Canada. 2001 Community Profiles. Salmo, Village British Columbia. http://www12.statcan.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5903011&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=Salmo&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=

2. BC STATS Community Facts Salmo Village http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/data/dd/facsheet/cf087.pdf (250) 387-0327 www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca

3. P.E.O. P. L. E. 30 BC Stats http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/data/pop/pop/popproj.htm

4. Centre for Community Enterprise. 1999. Salmo Community Resiliency Project. BC: Centre for Community Enterprise.

5. http://www.britishcolumbia.com/regions/towns/?townID=3515

21


Appendix A: BC Stats Demographic Profile

22

LOCAL HEALTH AREA 7 - NELSONSTATISTICAL PROFILE

2005 POPULATION LAND AREA POPULATION DENSITYNumber % of Region Sq. Km. % of Region Persons per Sq.Km.

Nelson, C 9,797 39.3% 7.3 0.1% 1347.6Salmo, VL 1,133 4.5% 2.4 0.0% 476.1Slocan, VL 357 1.4% 0.8 0.0% 476.0Rest of Region 13,643 54.7% 4933.0 99.8% 2.8Total Region 24,930 100.0% 4943.4 100.0% 5.0Total BC 4,254,522 934169.4 4.6Region as a % of BC 0.6% 0.5%

NOTE: BC Total Land Area for RD's is different to that of LHA's due to different accounting for water bodies.

Trail

Nelson

Castlegar

Creston

Salmo

Slocan

Nelson

Kootenay Lake

Lower Arrow Lakes

Slocan Lake

Prepared by: BC STATS Page 1 of 10

LOCAL HEALTH AREA 7 - NELSON 2005DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

NELSON NELSON B.C.2005 2005 2015 2005 2015 Annual Average Population Percent Change

Population Last year 0.4 1.30-17 years 4,777 19.2 16.2 20.2 17.2 Last 5 years 0.2 1.1

18-24 years 2,842 11.4 7.8 9.8 8.7 Last 10 years 0.2 1.325-64 years 13,921 55.8 58.0 56.2 57.4

65+ years 3,390 13.6 18.0 13.8 16.6Total 24,930 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Dependency Rate (%)Child 28.5 24.6 30.7 26.1

Elderly 20.2 27.3 20.9 25.1Total 48.7 51.9 51.6 51.2

Percent

NELSON NELSON B.C.2001Total Visible Minorities 585 2.5 21.6 Single Origins 570 2.4 21.2

Chinese 150 0.6 9.4South Asian 45 0.2 5.4Filipino 15 0.1 1.7Japanese 110 0.5 0.8

Other 250 1.1 3.9 Multiple Origins 10 0.0 0.4

NELSON B.C. Total Aboriginal People 600 2.6 4.4Rest of Population 22,165 94.9 74.0

Total Census Families - 2001 6,665 Total 23,350 100.0 100.0No Children at Home 2,815 42.2 39.5

Children at Home 3,855 57.8 60.5Families with Children

Couples 2,710 70.3 74.3Lone Parents 1,145 29.7 25.7

Avg Number of Children 1.7 1.8

(% of Total in Economic Families)Unattached Individuals 4,185 21.9 18.1

AGE STRUCTURE POPULATION GROWTH

ETHNIC IDENTITY

FAMILY STRUCTURE

B.C.

(Percent Distribution)

Population Growth


NELSON


Visible Minority Population - 2001

Elderly Dependency Rate - 2005

NELSON

With Children at Home - 2001Lone Parent Families as a % of Families

Aboriginal Identity - 200136.3 35.7 34.9

29.7

19.9 19.1 18.6

BC 25.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

KOOT LK

QU CHAR

LILLO

OET - -

-

NELSON

- - -

PEACE RIV

N

W V

AN-BOW

IS

DELTA

0.4

-1.1 -0.9 -0.7

3.4 3.5

4.8

BC 1.3

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

KITIMAT

LILLO

OET

SMITHERS - -

-

NELSON

- - -

SOOKE

MAPLE R

IDGE

QUALICUM

% of Families With Children at Home

% Change 2005/2004

50.848.6

46.4

9.9 8.34.4

20.2 BC 20.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

STH OKAN

QUALICUM

KEREMEOS - -

-

NELSON

- - -

PEACE RIV

N

HOWE S

ND

FT NELS

ON

Highest 3 Regions Lowest 3 RegionsRank=43 of 78 LHAs


Lowest 3 Regions Highest 3 RegionsRank=14 of 78 LHAs

Percent of Region Population

2.5

59.0

48.9 48.6

0.7 0.7 0.5

BC 21.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

RICHMOND

VANC

BURNABY - -

-

NELSON

- - -

KOOT LK

FT NELS

ON

CRESTON


2.6

96.7

61.146.6

1.6 1.4 0.7BC 4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

NISGA'A

UPR SKEENA

BELL C

OOL VAL

- - -

NELSON

- - -

COQUIT

W VAN-BOW IS

RICHMOND

Percent of Region Population

Rank=63 of 78 LHAsHighest 3 Regions Lowest 3 Regions


LOCAL HEALTH AREA 7 - NELSON 2005

INDICATORS OF ECONOMIC HARDSHIP

NELSON B.C. NELSON B.C.

Average Family Income 2000 Households (Occupied non-farm non-reserve) - 2001All Census Families 55,004 64,821 % Renting 27.5 33.7 Husband/Wife 60,042 70,033 Gross Rent or Major Monthly Payment ($) Female Lone Parent 29,575 33,829 Tenants 602 750

Income Distribution Among Families Owners 673 904

< $20,000 13.4 12.0 % Paying 30% or More of Their Income on Housing Costs$20,000 - $79,999 65.7 60.4 Tenants 51.2 44.1$80,000+ 20.9 27.6 Owners 18.2 20.7

Total 27.3 28.6Incidence of Low Income in Economic Families

11.4 13.9Income Inequality Measure Income Share of Bottom Half (poorest) of Households*

22.3 21.4

Percent

NELSON B.C.

% of Population Receiving IA Benefits* - September 2005Total (0-64) 6.1 3.7Children (0-18) 6.2 3.7Youth (19-24) 3.5 2.8

By Duration >1 Year 4.3 2.7<1 Year 1.8 1.0

NELSON B.C. % of Income Assistance Caseload that are Single Parent Families*Composition of Total Income - 2000 19.5 17.3

Employment 71.0 75.8 % of Population 19-64 on Income Assistance* and are EmployableGovernment Transfers 15.0 11.8 Total 0.9 0.7Other 14.0 12.4 By Duration >1 Year 0.4 0.3

<1 Year 0.6 0.4Income Dependency 2000 * All Income Assistance recipients include the disabled but exclude Aboriginal persons on reserve.

Forestry 12% 8% % of Seniors Receiving Max. Gov't Income Supplement - 2005Mining 1% 2% Total 2.5 3.5Fishing & Trapping 0% 0% Males 1.9 2.8Agriculture 1% 2% Females 3.0 4.0Tourism 6% 6%Public Sector 33% 27%

*Heavy dependency on the primary sector increases the vulnerability of a region to swings in the economic cycle resulting in economic hardship

Income Dependency on Forestry, Mining & Fishing* - 2000

INCOME LEVELS HOUSING COSTS

INCOME ASSISTANCE

INCOME DEPENDENCY

Households Paying 30% or More on Housing Costs - 2001

Income Share of Poorest Households* - 2000

% of Population 19-64 Receiving Income Assistance*and are Employable - September 2005

58.051.0 50.0

13.02.0 1.0 1.0

BC 10.0

010203040506070

KITIMAT

VANC ISL N

FERNIE - -

-

NELSON

- - -

GULF IS

L

GRTR VIC

SAANICH

3.6

2.82.4

0.1 0.1 N.A

.

0.9 BC 0.7

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

4

UPR SKEENA

PR RUPERT

TERRACE - -

-

NELSON

- - -

W V

AN-BOW

IS

WIN

DERM

NISGA'A

Percent of Population 19- 65

BC data is a Weighted Average of LHAs/RDs

Percent

Worst 3 Regions Best 3 RegionsRank=51 of 78 LHAs Worst 3 Regions Best 3 RegionsRank=32 of 78 LHAs

27.3

0.0

13.614.5

32.032.135.7

BC 28.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

VANC

BURNABY

NEW W

EST - -

-

NELSON

- - -

FT NELS

ON

KITIMAT

NISGA'A

Percent of Households

15.918.1 19.1

26.0 26.4 26.5

22.3 BC 21.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

W V

AN-BOW

ISVANC

S CARIB

OO - -

-

NELSON

- - -

SOOKE

SMITHERS

FT NELS

ON

* The proportion of each region's household income that accrues to households earning less than the median income. In a situation of perfect equality, the bottom half (poorest) households would receive 50% of the total income.

Worst 3 Regions Best 3 RegionsRank=22 of 78 LHAs

3 Most Unequal Regions 3 Least Unequal RegionsRank=28 of 78 LHAs



INDICATORS OF LABOUR MARKET ISSUES

NELSON B.C. NELSON B.C.Labour Force 2001 % of Population 20+ With Post Secondary Qualifications - 2001

Industrial Structure (% Distribution) Total 53.2 50.4Goods Primary 5.8 4.6 With Post Secondary Certificate or Diploma 38.9 32.8

Manufacturing 8.0 9.6 With University Degree 14.3 17.6Construction 8.8 5.9

Services Non-Government 70.3 74.3 % Distribution by Field of StudyGovernment 7.1 5.6 Educational, Recreational & Counselling 11.6 10.7

100.0 100.0 Fine & Applied Arts 6.7 5.8Occupational Structure (% Distribution) Humanities & Related 5.1 6.4 Management: 11.1 10.8 Social Sciences & Related 8.8 9.4 Professional Occupations in: Commerce, Managmnt & Business Admin 16.8 21.1

Business & Finance 1.5 2.5 Agricultural & Biological Sciences/Tech 7.1 5.2Natural & Applied Sciences 2.4 3.2 Engineering & Applied Sciences 3.6 4.8Health 2.8 2.6 Engineerring & Applied Science Tech/Trades 24.1 20.8Social sciences excl. teachers 2.5 2.1 Health Professions, Sciences & Tech 14.5 12.0Teachers 4.5 3.7 Mathematics & Physical Sciences 1.8 3.5Art & Culture 1.0 1.4 No Specialization & All Other n.e.c 0.1 0.2

Total 14.7 15.4 100.1 100.0

Technical Trades & Assorted Other High Skilled Occupations in:Finance & Insurance Admin. 1.9 1.5Techs In Natural & Appl. Sciences 4.0 2.9Techs. In Health 1.6 1.3Paraprofs. in Soc Sci Educ etc 1.6 2.2Techs in Art Culture & Rec. 1.5 1.9Skilled Sales & Service 3.1 4.6Trades & Skilled Transp & Equip Ops. 14.9 12.3

Total 28.6 26.8

Intermediate & Lesser Skilled Occups* 45.6 47.0

* High Skilled Occupations in Primary Manufacturing and Protective Services could

not be separated out so are included in Intermediate & Lesser Skilled Occupations.

NELSON B.C. Labour Force 2001 NELSON B.C.Employment Insurance Beneficiaries Sept. 2005 Participation Rate

Total Beneficiaries 19-64 Years of Age 520 69,249 Males 70.6 70.7Percent Female 54.4 64.2 Females 60.0 59.9Percent 19-24 Years Old 11.3 11.0 Total 65.2 65.2

% Full Year, Full Time Workers 35.9 47.4Total Beneficiaries as a Percent of Population 19-64 % Self Employed 18.8 14.1

Sep /05 3.2 2.5Jun /05 3.4 2.8 Average Employment Income - 2000 25,018 31,544Mar /05 4.9 3.4 Average Employment Income of Full-Year Full-Time WorkersDec /04 5.2 3.6 Males 42,848 50,159Sep /04 3.7 2.9 Females 32,462 35,636

Most recent 4 quarter average 4.2 3.1 Ratio of Female to Male Income 75.8 71.0

EI Beneficiaries - 4 Quarter Average to September 2005 Average Employment Income - 2000

% of Population 20+ With a University Degree - 2001

LABOUR DEMAND LABOUR SUPPLY

UNEMPLOYMENT OTHER

4.2

12.2

7.8 7.3

2.0 1.81.0

BC 3.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

NISGA'A

PR RUPERT

VANC ISL N - -

-

NELSON

- - -

N VANC

SAANICH

W VAN-BOW IS

14.3

40.1

30.528.1

6.05.75.5

BC 17.6

05

1015202530354045

PRINCETON

LK C

OW

KETTLE V

AL - -

-

NELSON

- - -

N VANC

VANC

W V

AN-BOW

IS

Percent

% of Population 19-64

25,018

61,81056,975

39,987

20,55717,69417,382

BC 31,544

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

NISGA'A

KEREMEOS

KOOT LK - - -

NELSON

- - -

KITIMAT

CAMP RIV/V

I WEST

W VAN-BOW IS

Worst 3 Regions Best 3 RegionsRank=15 of 78 LHAsWorst 3 Regions Best 3 RegionsRank=25 of 78 LHAs

Dollars




INDICATORS OF EDUCATION CONCERNS


% of Population Age 25-54 - 2001 % of 18 Yr Olds Who Did Not Graduate Avg 2003-200523.6 24.4

Without High School Completion 14.1 17.2

Without Completed Post-Secondary 39.2 42.3

% of Population Age 15-24 - 2001

Attending School Full-Time 54.1 53.8

Percent

NELSON B.C.Assessment Results (% of Students Below Standard)

Reading - Avg 2002/03-2004/05Grade 4 15.4 21.0

NELSON B.C. Grade 7 17.2 22.3Avg Gr 4 & 7 16.3 21.6

Grade 12 Provincial Exam Non Completion Rate - Avg 2002/03-2004/05 Writing - Avg 2002/03-2004/05Grade 4 8.0 7.4

Math 77.5 67.8 Grade 7 15.4 13.9Avg Gr 4 & 7 11.7 10.6

Chemistry 85.4 79.3 Math - Avg 2002/03-2004/05Grade 4 10.0 12.6

English 31.5 33.5 Grade 7 19.1 17.0Avg Gr 4 & 7 14.6 14.8

Grade 10 Provincial Exam Non Completion Rate - 2004/05English 18.7 23.6Math 45.1 39.8Science 27.6 31.2

GENERAL EDUCATION HIGH SCHOOL

TEST SCORES

PROVINCIAL EXAMS

18 Year Olds Who Did Not Graduate Avg 2003-2005

25-54 Year Olds Without Completed Post-Secondary

% of Students Below Standard in Math - Grades 4&7 - Avg 2003-05

Students Enrolled in Grade 12 Who Did Not Write or PassThe Grade 12 Provincial English Exam - Avg 2002/03-2004/05

12.416.718.9

31.5

64.7

71.472.7

BC 33.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

NECHAKO

NISGA'A

ENDERBY - -

-

NELSON

- - -

COQUIT

COWICHAN

W VAN-B

OW IS

-3.2

4.95.3

56.057.9

66.1

23.6 BC 24.4

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

BELL C

OOL VAL

UPR SKEENA

S CARIB

OO - -

-

NELSON

- - -

RICHMOND

KOOT LK

W VAN-BOW IS

Percent

% of 18 Yr Olds

39.2

24.229.3

35.0

58.358.559.7

BC 42.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

NECHAKO

S CARIB

OO

BURNS LK - - -

NELSON

- - -

VANC

N VANC

W VAN-BOW IS




Percent

3.96.58.0

34.0

51.653.8

14.6 BC 14.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

NISGA'A

BELL C

OOL VAL

BURNS LK - - -

NELSON

- - -

N VANC

KOOT LK

W VAN-BOW IS




INDICATORS OF CRIME


Serious Crime Rate - Avg 2002-2004 Change in Serious Crime Rate - Avg 2002-04 / Avg 1999-01

Violent 1.4 2.9 Violent 49.0 -1.8Property 5.9 12.6 Property 1.5 -5.9Total Serious 7.2 15.5 Total Serious 8.1 -5.1

Number of Serious Crimes Per Police Officer 6.7 11.6

Serious Juvenile (Age 12-17) Crime Rate - Avg 2002-2004

Violent 0.9 2.6Property 4.1 2.9Total Serious 5.0 5.6

NELSON B.C.

Indicators of Serious Drug Crime - Avg 2002-2004

Non-Cannabis Drug Offences 105.8 175.2 (Offences per 100,000 Pop)

Juvenile (12-17) Non-Cannabis Drug Charges (Charges per 100,000 Pop Age 12-17) 31.1 46.4

Illicit Drug Deaths - 2004 12.4 6.2 (Deaths per 100,000 Pop Age 19-64)

NELSON B.C.

Crime Rate - Avg 2002-2004

Motor Vehicle Theft 1.7 9.1

Spousal Assault 1.4 2.2

NOTE: Crime Rate = # of Offences(Charges for Juveniles) Per 1,000 Population unless otherwise noted.

Non-Cannabis Drug Offences - Avg 2002-2004

SERIOUS CRIME CHANGE IN CRIME RATE

OTHER INDICATORS OF CRIME

Change in Total Serious Crime Rate

Serious Violent Crime Rate - 2002-2004

SERIOUS DRUG CRIME

Serious Property Crime Rate - 2002-2004

29.129.134.5

563.5

679.0

965.1

105.8BC 175.2

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

HOPE

FT NELS

ON

QU CHAR

- - -

NELSON

- - -

ARMST-SPAL

SUMMERLND

ENDERBY

8.1

46.6 45.6 44.5

-34.2 -36.4-40.8

BC -5.1

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

TRAIL

FT NELS

ONHOPE

- - -

NELSON

- - -

KETTLE VAL

GRD FORKS

GULF IS

L

% Change Avg 02-04/Avg 99-01

21.219.0 18.5

5.84.3 3.7

5.9

BC 12.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

HOPE

NISGA'A

BELL C

OOL VAL

- - -

NELSON

- - -

KETTLE VAL

GULF IS

L

SAANICH

Worst 3 Regions Best 3 Regions



6.8

5.9 5.8

0.8 0.7 0.5

1.4

BC 2.9

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

BELL C

OOL VAL

FT NELS

ON

NISGA'A

- - -

NELSON

- - -

KIMBERL

SAANICH

ARMST-SPAL

Offences per 1,000 Population


Offences per 1,000 Population

Rank=73 of 78 LHAs

Offences per 100,000



INDICATORS OF HEALTH PROBLEMS


Life Expectancy at Birth - Avg. 2001-2005 Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 Live Births) - 2000-200480.5 80.8 5.6 4.1

Potential Years of Life Lost (per 1000 Population) - Avg. 2000-2004

Years Natural Causes 31.0 33.0Accidental Causes 13.4 8.7

NELSON B.C.

Potential Yrs of Life Lost Due to Suicide/Homicide-Avg 2000-2004(Per 1,000 Population)

2.3 4.4

Teen Pregnancies (per 1,000 Women 15-17) - 2002-20049.8 17.8

NELSON B.C.

Per Capita Alcohol Sales - April 1/04 to March 31/05(Per Population Age 19+)

Dollars Spent 559 472Litres Consumed 72 57

% Distribution of Litres SoldSpirits 11.0 12.0Wine 17.5 20.0Beer/Cider 71.6 68.0

* Represents sales per resident population 19+, therefore high tourist areas will be overstated

GENERAL HEALTH PHYSICAL HEALTH

Life Expectancy at Birth - Average 2001-2005

Potential Years of Life Lost Due to Natural CausesAverage 2000-2004

Average 2000-2004

ALCOHOL SALES*

Potential Years of Life Lost Due to Accidental CausesMENTAL HEALTH Average 2000-2004

Potential Years of Life Lost Due to Suicide/Homicide

22.2

12.1 11.7

2.3 1.7 1.0 0.5

BC 4.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

NISGA'A

PRINCETON

TRAIL - -

-

NELSON

- - -

KITIMAT

ENDERBY

N THOMP

31.0

65.860.7

52.5

22.719.0 17.9

BC 33.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

NISGA'A

BELL C

OOL VAL

PEACE RIV

S - -

-

NELSON

- - -

CRESTON

KETTLE VAL

W VAN-BOW IS

Per 1,000 Population


74.0

75.7 76.1

83.9 84.185.4

80.5BC 80.8

68

70

72

74

76

78

80

82

84

86

88

NISGA'A

MERRITT

BELL C

OOL VAL

- - -

NELSON

- - -

W VAN-BOW IS

RICHMOND

KETTLE VAL




3.44.04.2

32.1

38.642.2

13.4BC 8.7

05

1015202530354045

BELL C

OOL VAL

KEREMEOS

ARROW LKS

- - -

NELSON

- - -

W VAN-BOW IS

RICHMOND

N VANC


Rank=36 of 78 LHAsWorst 3 Regions Best 3 Regions



INDICATORS OF CHILDREN AT RISK


% of Children (<19 Yrs) Receiving Income Assistance* - Sept 2005 Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 Live Births) - Avg 2000-2004Total 6.2 3.7 5.6 4.1

>1 Year 3.7 2.3<1 Year 2.5 1.4 Hospitalization Rates (per 1,000 Population 0-14)2004-2005

% of Children (<19 Yrs) Receiving Income Assistance*: Respiratory Diseases 6.7 11.0And Living with a Single Parent 5.4 3.0 Injury & Poisoning 7.2 6.0And Living with Disabled Parent(s) 2.2 1.2

PPercent of 0-18 Year Olds

NELSON B.C.% of Students Below Standard in Reading - Avg 2002/03-2004/05

Avg Gr 4 & 7 16.3 21.6Per 1,000 Population Age 0-18

NELSON B.C. Child Abuse Rate, 2003* 6.0 7.7 Children in Care Rate, Dec. 2005 5.6 9.8

Juvenile (Age 12-17) Crime Rates - Avg. 2002-2004 * Based on location of office handling the case.Teen Pregnancies (per 1,000 Women 15-17) - 2002-2004

Serious Violent 0.9 2.6 9.8 17.8Serious Property 4.1 2.9

Total Serious Crime 5.0 5.6Juvenile (Age 12-17)Non-Cannabis Drug Charges - Avg 2002-2004 31.1 46.4

(per 100,000 Pop Age 12-17)

INCOME ASSISTANCE HEALTH

OTHER

CRIME

% of Children 0-18 Receiving Income Assistance

Infant Mortality Rate - 2000-2004* All Income Assistance recipients include the disabled but exclude Aboriginal persons on reserve.

Teen Pregnancies - Avg 2002-2004

for More Than 1 Year - Sept 2005*

Juvenile Serious Violent Crime Rate - Avg 2002-2004

Children in Care, December 2005

13.7

7.46.6

0.90.0 0.0 0.0

BC 2.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

QU CHAR

LILLO

OET

FT NELS

ON - -

-

NELSON

- - -

GOLDEN

ARMST-SPAL

ENDERBY

0.00.00.0

16.116.3

20.4

5.6 BC 4.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

NISGA'A

PRINCETON

BELL C

OOL VAL

- - -

NELSON

- - -

KETTLE VAL

STH OKAN

ARMST-SPAL

Charges per 1,000 Population 12-17

Per 1,000 Live Births

6.8

5.8 5.6

N.A

.

N.A

.

N.A

.

3.7

BC 2.3

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

UPR SKEENAHOPE

KETTLE VAL

- - -

NELSON

- - -

FT NELS

ON

WINDERM

NISGA'A




Per 1,000 Population Age 0-18

5.6

36.1

30.127.7

3.1 1.7

N.A

.

BC 9.8

0.05.0

10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0

AGASS-HARR

MERRITT

PR RUPERT

- - -

NELSON

- - -

KIMBERL

W VAN-BOW IS

KEREMEOS


9.8

55.6 53.2 50.5

7.3 7.0 4.8

BC 17.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

NISGA'A

QU CHAR

BELL C

OOL VAL

- - -

NELSON

- - -

SUMMERLND

W VAN-BOW IS

FERNIE

Rate Per 1,000 Females Age 15-17


Rank=18 of 78 LHAs



INDICATORS OF YOUTH AT RISK

NELSON B.C. NELSON B.C.% of 18 Yr Olds Who Did Not Graduate Avg 2002/03-2004/05

% of Youth (Age 19-24) Receiving Income Assistance* - Sept 2005 23.6 24.4Total 3.5 2.8 Grade 12 Provincial Exam Non Completion Rate - Avg 2002/04-2004/05

> 1 Year 1.9 1.7 English 31.5 33.5<1 Year 1.6 1.1 Chemistry 85.4 79.3

% of Youth (Age 19-24) on Income Assistance and Single Parents Math 77.5 67.80.6 0.8 Grade 10 Provincial Exam Non Completion Rate - 2004/05

% of Youth (Age 19-24) on Income Assistance and Employable English 18.7 23.6Total 0.7 0.6

Percent

Percent

NELSON B.C.NELSON B.C. Total Serious Crime Rate - Avg 2002-2004

(Offences per 1,000 Pop) 7.2 15.5Employment Insurance Beneficiaries Age 19-24 - Sept 2005 Non-Cannabis Drug Offences - Avg 2002-2004

2.4 2.1 (Offences per 100,000 Pop) 105.8 175.2Hospitalization rates from Motor Vehicle Accidents, 2004/05

(Per 1,000 Pop Age 15-24) 4.1 2.0

% of Youth 19-24 Receiving Income Assistance - September 2005

EDUCATIONINCOME ASSISTANCE

18 Year Olds Who Did Not Graduate Avg 2002/03-2004/05

Hospitalization Rates from Motor Vehicle Accidents - 2004/05

Gr. 10 Prov. Exam Non-Completion Rate - English - 2004/05% of Youth 19-24 Receiving Income Assistance Who Are Employable

* All Income Assistance recipients include the disabled but exclude Aboriginal persons on reserve.

OTHERUNEMPLOYMENT

Population 19-24 Receiving Employment InsuranceSeptember 2005

66.157.9 56.0

23.6

5.3 4.9

-3.2

BC 24.4

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

BELL C

OOL VAL

UPR SKEENA

S CARIB

OO - -

-

NELSON

- - -

RICHMOND

KOOT LK

W VAN-BOW IS

4.1

8.9

7.36.3

0.0 0.0 0.0

BC 2.0

0123456789

10

KOOT LK

ARROW LKS

CRESTON - -

-

NELSON

- - -

BELL C

OOL VAL

QU CHAR

AGASS-HARR

% of 18 Yr Olds

Per 1,000 Population Age 15-24

8.67.9 7.8

N.A

.

N.A

.

N.A

.

3.5 BC 2.8

0123456789

10

UPR SKEENA

TERRACE

PR RUPERT

- - -

NELSON

- - -

FT NELS

ON

SUMMERLND

NISGA'A

Worst 3 Regions Best 3 RegionsRank=26 of 78 LHAsWorst 3 Regions Best 3 RegionsRank=54 of 78 LHAs


0.40.81.1

4.85.1

7.1

2.4 BC 2.1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

BELL C

OOL VAL

GOLDEN

FT NELS

ON - -

-

NELSON

- - -

N VANC

RICHMOND

W VAN-BOW IS

Best 3 RegionsRank=40 of 78 LHAs

0.7

N.A

.

N.A

.

N.A

.

2.73.3

5.7

BC 0.6

01234567

UPR SKEENA

PR RUPERT

TERRACE - -

-

NELSON

- - -

SUMMERLND

NISGA'A

KETTLE VAL


Worst 3 Regions

Percent

13.013.215.718.7

48.849.252.9

BC 23.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

NISGA'A

FT NELS

ON

QU CHAR

- - -

NELSON

- - -

N VANC

RICHMOND

W VAN-BOW IS


PercentPercentPercentPercentPercentPercent


BC STATS (250) 387-0327

www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca

Community FactsCommunity FactsSalmoVillage

1 General

2Annual Estimates Age and Gender - 2001 Census

(as of July 1, includes estimate of Census undercount) Salmo % Distribution *

Salmo % Change BC % Change Male Female Salmo BC

Year Prev. Year Prev. Year All ages 530 590 100.0 100.0 2001 1,169 - 4,078,447 - 0 - 14 95 125 19.6 18.1 2002 1,178 0.8 4,115,413 0.9 15 - 24 65 70 12.1 13.2 2003 1,157 -1.8 4,154,591 1.0 25 - 44 135 145 25.9 30.1 2004 1,140 -1.5 4,201,867 1.1 45 - 64 155 145 25.9 25.1 2005 1,133 -0.6 4,254,522 1.3 65 + 90 100 16.5 13.6

Source: BC STATS Source: Statistics Canada

* distribution based on published totals, both sexes

3 Selected 2001 Census CharacteristicsLabour Force by Industry (NAICS) Summary Characteristics

Salmo % BC % Salmo BC

Total labour force 485 100.0 100.0 Population, 2001 1,120 3,907,738 Industry - Not applicable - - 2.2 Population (by citizenship) 1,120 3,868,875 All industries (Experienced LF) 480 100.0 100.0 Non-immigrant 1,040 2,821,870 111-112 Farms 10 2.1 1.9 Immigrant 80 1,009,820 113 Forestry and logging 25 5.2 1.2 Labour force (15+ yrs.) 485 2,059,950 114 Fishing, hunting and trapping - - 0.3 Employees 375 1,715,600 1151/2 Support activities for farms - - 0.1 Self-employed 15 95,185 1153 Support activities for forestry - - 0.5 Participation rate 55.7% 65.2% 21 Mining and oil and gas extraction - - 0.7 Unemployment rate 14.4% 8.5% 22 Utilities 10 2.1 0.6 Population, 20 yrs. & over 800 2,890,730 23 Construction 25 5.2 5.9 Less than grade 9 70 190,905 31-33 Manufacturing 85 17.7 9.6 Some high school 275 511,600 311 Food manufacturing - - 1.1 High school graduate 105 354,130 321 Wood product manufacturing 60 12.5 2.3 Trades certificate 115 370,170 322 Paper manufacturing - - 0.8 College without diploma 30 208,385 41 Wholesale trade 15 3.1 4.1 College diploma 130 482,050 44-45 Retail trade 45 9.4 11.6 Some university 40 264,450 441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers - - 1.1 University degree 35 509,030 445 Food and beverage stores 15 3.1 3.0 Census families 315 1,086,030 448 Clothing & clothing accessories - - 1.2 Lone-parent families 55 168,420 452 General merchandise stores - - 1.3 Households 480 1,534,335 48-49 Transportation & warehousing 40 8.3 5.7 1-family households 320 1,012,925 51 Information and cultural industries - - 3.1 Multi-family households - 35,050 52 Finance and insurance 20 4.2 4.0 Non-family households 165 486,355 53 Real estate & rental/leasing 10 2.1 2.1 Median Income 20,271$ 22,095$ 54 Prof'sonal, scientific & tech. serv. 30 6.3 6.8 Males 25,029$ 28,976$ 55 Mgment. of companies/ent'prises - - 0.1 Females 16,354$ 17,546$ 56 Admin+support, waste mgmnt srv. 20 4.2 4.0 Median Family Income 39,397$ 54,840$ 61 Educational services 20 4.2 6.9 Economic Families 320 1,044,850 62 Health care and social assistance 45 9.4 9.9 Incidence, low income 12.6% 13.9% 71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 15 3.1 2.3 Unattached persons, 15+ 190 576,825 72 Accommodation and food services 40 8.3 8.3 Incidence, low income 53.4% 38.1% 721 Accommodation services 25 5.2 1.9 Population in private hh. 1,115 3,785,270 722 Food services & drinking places 15 3.1 6.4 Incidence, low income 19.4% 17.8% 81 Other services (excl. public admin.) 10 2.1 4.9 Dwellings 480 1,534,335 91 Public administration 15 3.1 5.6 Owned 345 1,017,485 Agriculture, Food and Beverage - - 3.0 Rented 140 512,360 Fishing and Fish Processing - - 0.5 Average gross rent 583$ 750$ Logging and Forest Products 80 16.7 4.7 Average owners' payments 638$ 904$ Mining and Mineral Products 30 6.3 2.0 Avg. value, owned dwel. 106,927$ 230,645$ Source: Statistics Canada, incomes are for 2000; rent/owner's payments are restricted to non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings.

Population Estimates Age Distribution

Incorporated in 1946, Salmo has a total land area of 2.38 square km (2001 Census). By highway the Village is 40 km south of Nelson, 41 km east of Trail, and 39 km southeast of Castlegar. Salmo is in the Central Kootenay Regional District.

Page 1 of 2 Printed: 3/22/2006

BC STATS (250) 387-0327

www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca

Community FactsCommunity FactsSalmoVillage

4 Values of Building PermitsResidential Non-Residential Total

Number of Units Value $'000 Value $'000 Value $'000

Year Salmo BC Salmo BC Salmo BC Salmo BC Year

2000 - 15,739 82 2,403,140 1 2,088,857 83 4,491,997 20002001 1 17,542 108 2,829,874 6 2,124,898 114 4,954,772 20012002 1 24,772 272 3,888,147 14 1,771,268 286 5,659,415 20022003 - 27,163 20 4,514,185 5,281 1,880,053 5,301 6,394,238 20032004 - 34,898 107 5,868,937 175 2,069,790 282 7,938,727 2004

Source: Statistics Canada

Note: Detailed non-residential permits data can be found on our Website: www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca A dash can indicate a nil report, a value of less than $500, or non-reporting.

5 Personal Taxation Statistics Percent Change in Avg. IncomeTotal Income of Taxable Returns

Taxable Returns (#) Average Income ($) % Change avg. income Year Salmo BC Salmo BC Salmo BC1996 850 1,879,340 29,795 36,9611997 860 1,898,700 30,826 37,894 3.5 2.5 1998 850 1,915,220 29,847 38,398 -3.2 1.3 1999 900 1,937,520 31,931 39,758 7.0 3.5 2000 840 1,928,560 33,169 42,121 3.9 5.9 2001 860 1,981,530 33,997 42,095 2.5 -0.1 Salmo BC

Source of Total Income 2001Salmo BC

$Thousands % of Total % of TotalEmployment 21,636 64.3 66.5 Pension 5,264 15.7 12.3 Investment 1,167 3.5 7.6 Self-Employed 1,201 3.6 5.3 Other 1,930 5.7 4.9 Tax Exempt 2,430 7.2 3.4 Total 33,629 100.0 100.0 Source : Canada Customs and Revenue Agency. Areas are defined by postal codes and may not match municipal boundaries.

6 Dependency on the Safety Net Total Beneficiaries by Age Group, %

Percentage of Population by Age Receiving Benefits - September 2005 (Basic BC Assistance & EI)

BC Basic* Income Employment Total of BC Basic

Age Assistance Insurance Income Assistance & EIGroup Recipients (%) Beneficiaries (%) Beneficiaries (%)

Salmo BC Salmo BC Salmo BCUnder 19 4.7 2.5

19-24 - 1.4 - 2.1 - 3.5 25-54 3.7 1.3 5.7 2.9 9.4 4.2 55-64 - 0.5 - 1.3 - 1.9 19-64 3.3 1.2 4.7 2.5 7.9 3.7 Salmo BC

* On temporary assistance only. Excluded are those on Continuous Assistance, aboriginals living on reserve, seniors/OAS, & children living with relatives.Source: BC STATS. Prepared using administrative files from the BC Ministry of Human Resources, and Human Resources Development Canada

7 Business Formations and Failures

BCYear Salmo BC Year Business Consumer Business Consumer Business Consumer2001 1 19,474 2001 20 176 50 492 1,100 9,474 2002 1 20,987 2002 25 146 51 518 1,105 9,527 2003 2 22,531 2003 14 107 41 531 1,002 9,394 2004 2 24,703 2004 10 113 42 422 921 8,386 2005 3 30,937 2005 12 108 47 437 786 8,179

Source: Ministry of Finance, B.C. Government Source: Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy, Govt of Canada

Note: Bankruptcy is counted where it is filed. Incorporations are counted in municipality of the registered Bankruptcy data is available for urban areas only.office address which may differ from the actual business location.

IncorporationsNumber

BankruptciesKelownaVernon

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

010203040506070

Employ-ment

Pen-sion

Invest-ment

Self-Empl'yd

Other TaxExempt

Salmo BC% Distribution, Total Income

0

2

4

6

8

10

19-24 25-54 55-64

Pages 2 of 2

Printed 3/22/2006

Appendix B

Priority Health and Health System Issues in the Region

23

Appendix B Priority Health and Health System Issues in the Region as cited in the West Kootenay Boundary Health Service Plan: 1. Poverty – Many WKB residents live on low incomes. While adequate income does

not guarantee good health, it does create opportunities to achieve it. 2. Aging Population – The population of seniors 75 + is projected to increase by 26% in

the WKB region over the next 10 years. It is expected that this increase will have a serious impact on health services, and will require new and innovative ways to meet the needs of older seniors.

3. Addiction and Substance Abuse – Young people in our region are more likely to

drink and drive than are youth anywhere else in BC. Misuse of alcohol, tobacco and other substances increases illness and injury rates for youth and adults of all ages. Addiction and substance abuse is a key health issue associated with illness, injury and diminished human potential.

4. Preventable Injuries - Rates of motor vehicle accidents has been traditionally high in

this region, and the rate of death from motor vehicle accidents for all age groups is currently the highest in the province. For adolescents, the rate of injuries in this region is higher than the provincial average. The rate of hospitalization and death for seniors due to falls is also greater than the provincial rate

Source: KPMG report for WKB Health Planning Committee,

Health Service Delivery Plan, 1999

24

Appendix C: Community Literacy Planning Launch Meeting Notes

25

Appendix C

Salmo and Area Community Literacy Planning Session

January 31, 2005

Introduction Over the past decade, as in many communities across the Columbia Basin, much has been done to further and expand literacy work in Salmo. For example, family literacy programs have been initiated, family centres have been created, connections have been built between schools and community organizations, schools have focused much more attention on assessment and early intervention, and adult learning programs have been maintained. The question, now, is what needs to be done next to further:

Build the strengths of the mainstream learning programs and resources1 that continue to allow children, young people, and adults to become literate, and to develop a joy in literacy activities such as reading, writing, and participating in their community

Create learning programs and resource2s to support those children, young people,

and adults who have not been, or are not, well served by these mainstream learning programs

Embed learning and literacy activities in all community settings, for example:

libraries, community service agencies, sports programs, and churches

Link literacy as an essential and vital aspect of community health to other community planning and acting processes, public, private, and non profit

The planning session, funded by Literacy Now3, and organized through the Columbia Basin Alliance for Literacy4, was a first step in beginning to address these questions by bringing diverse people, organizations, and groups together.

1 For example: parents, preschool, child care programs, family literacy programs, elementary schools, high schools, and colleges 2 For example: early intervention programs in elementary schools, alternative schools, and adult upgrading centres 3 Literacy Now is a provincial initiative under the Legacies 2010 Now Society, funded by the Provincial Government. Its aim is to encourage and support community based planning, innovating, and implementing processes to significantly expand the quality and quantity of literacy programs and resources. 4 The Columbia Basin Alliance for Literacy is a regional organization that facilitates the development, implementation, and funding of community-based literacy programs and services in 17 community areas across the Columbia Basin.

26

Current Literacy Services and Resources We plan, innovate, and act best together by building incrementally and wisely on the literacy assets that already exist in the community. In Salmo, people pointed to, for example: The Library

o Strong collection o CAP Site with one-on-one computer learning assistance o Good Volunteers and library staff o Literacy programming in partnership with other groups ie Books and Brunch o Great children’s resources

The Children’s Centre

o Preschool, Early Childhood educated staff, day care facility, after school care The Schools

o District accountability contract with literacy as a goal o Committed staff o Approachable teachers o Reading and Writing programs o Grade 12s graduating with literacy skills o Body of keen learners o New facility (Salmo Secondary) o Special Education Teachers’ Assistants in both schools o Action research projects currently being done by teachers o Salmo schools are community schools with community involvement o Programs like ‘Bridging the Divide’ build community and literacy skills o Part of a regional network of schools o Community learning partnerships in place o Growing library collection in the library which is a fun place to be o SMART and Ready, Set, Learn initiatives o Video-editing equipment available o School health programs

The Youth Centre

o New, centrally located facility o Youth Coordinator o Youth involvement in community processes

Volunteers

o Committed group of volunteers who care about the community Salmo Resource Service Society

o Partnering organization

27

o New, more accessible facility with greatly enhanced office and meeting spaces o Part of a larger regional network (West Kootenay-Boundary Cooperative) o Leading the Success by Six initiative

Senior Citizens

o Involved in the One to One program and upgrading/learning for themselves o Actively participating in community processes o Volunteering

Adult Learning Centre

o Partnering organization o Committed instructor and students

Village Council interest Local media coverage

o Cable TV channel o Monthly newspaper

This list is not meant to be exhaustive. It is only a first step in developing a full inventory of the people, programs, resources, and partnerships that exist to support learning and literacy development. Where are the Gaps? In the discussions at the Salmo planning session, people pointed to a number of related issues and challenges, including:

Gap between preschool and kindergarten literacy

Parent involvement – we have a problem reaching out far enough

There is inadequate access to pre-school programs at the Children’s Centre for low income families because they cannot afford to pay for it

Kids are coming to school not quite ready

We need a way for pre-kindergarten children to get into the school and perhaps be mentored in some way by the grade one and maybe grade two kids

Not everyone attends the preschool or the early childhood programs – not universally accessed by the people who need them the most

We have families who are ‘systems shy’ and we’re not sure how to attract them to the resources that are there

Vulnerable families are not necessarily single parent

Cuts in funding to preschoolers and families have really restricted the potential to have children ready for kindergarten – preschool may be too costly

Programs that require parents to stay may not be attractive to some parents

28

Lack of communication with new families in town – many people don’t know what is available

Parents are lacking literacy skills so they cannot access information about programs

Communication seems to be a huge gap – the newspaper is monthly and does not come out in the summer; not everyone reads the bulletin board or has cable TV. Word of mouth is the best form of advertising.

Parents may only know about programs once their child starts school

We need to learn how to make the brochures and posters about our programs more clear ie in plain Language

Special Needs kids don’t have many services, particularly at the preschool level

Physio and OT services are based in Nelson

Transportation is an issue

More gender gap here than some other places – girls scoring higher

We need more boy-friendly books, activities, etc

Public Health Nurse finds that some of her clients are not literate and this presents a problem for treatment and support to them

Computer skills – kids have them, but older folks don’t, particularly important for communication purposes and getting information – email and internet. Also for people seeking employment – they often don’t have transportation to get to employment centres so they must access the internet for information

Need for adult literacy services – for people just out of the school system age to seniors – these folk are not coming forward for a variety of reasons because there is such a stigma. They have a lot of coping skills so no one may know. There are people with entry-level jobs who work very long hours, making it difficult to participate in learning opportunities

For adults, the programs tend to be band aid solutions – people cannot restructure their whole lives in order to take part in a literacy program.

We need to think about different ways to present learning opportunities for adults – at work?

We need to think about the reasons why adults want to learn and what it is they want to do

The Learning Centre is able to provide instruction at a variety of levels and for a variety of things – one problem is that everything has to lead to graduation because funding is tied to this.

Need for informal adult learning opportunities

The view of what literacy is needs to change – come and learn something that is really practical – not come and learn to read – come to fill out a form, study for a driving test, etc.

29

Some people have had a bad experience with schooling and may not go to the Learning Centre directly – may need to be bridged there with another kind of program – volunteer tutoring?

The Learning Centre tends to get more female students than male

Getting Dads involved in parenting programs is an issue. We need to package things differently – make things more active for Dads

There is a need to integrate literacy in other activities that people are already participating in

There is a gap in our culture of learning – could have book clubs, writing clubs, film festivals, etc.

There is a need for more supports for people between grade 6 and graduation – high school kids who can’t read are sliding through because they must – how can we keep kids reading? Perhaps the youth centre can find out what is being taught at school and complement that. There are kids who reject what happens at school no matter what the school does – perhaps another place can support them in some way/provide a neutral non-school space

One-to-One Tutoring program is not currently running

There are a lack of opportunities to take literacy training in some areas – computer, critical thinking, problem solving, interpersonal skills, oral communication – how do we address this and who will do it?

Technology and computer skills are not widely held

Employment skills training and employment services are not always available Dreams For The Next Five Years – Salmo as a Literacy Friendly Community In the discussions at the Salmo community literacy planning session, people began the process of articulating broader dreams for the future that relate to learning and literacy. Dreams are what provide the energy and excitement to fuel people’s commitment to planning, innovating, and acting.

We would have some kind of consistency regarding programs and services, not just in terms of sustainability of programs, but also in communication about what is going on

We would continue with what is already happening and ensure that this is

sustainable

We would make sure we have accessible formats and locations in terms of things being non-threatening and available

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We would develop and deliver literacy services that are outside of the box – think about events, visiting programs

We would continue to develop strong partnerships and communication between

all the agencies and groups – an email list/website that keeps everyone informed

We would explore ways to improve communication ie newsletters emailed to parents and other groups, or a website (school or village or library) – we could collaborate on this for a variety of newsletters and information

We would continue and expand current literacy programming ie Books and

Brunch, One to One Reading program, Books for Babies, Parent-Child Mother Goose, Roots of Empathy

We would encourage more youth involvement

We would do more work with getting secondary students to read with elementary

students and seniors (more projects to have various segments of the community relating to each other)

Next Steps There was agreement at the community literacy planning session in Salmo to expand the Community Literacy Advisory Committee and encourage this expanded group to steer a community literacy planning process over the next several months.

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Appendix D CED Strategy Framework

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A COMMUNITY ECONOMIC STRATEGY FOR SALMO AND AREA

March, 2003

Introduction The Salmo and Area Resiliency Committee is a small group of people from Salmo and Area G who have an interest in and commitment to the economic, social and environmental well-being of the community. They were involved over two years with the Rural Economic Development Program (RED) of the Columbia Basin Trust, working steadily to identify specific goals for local community economic development. The Resiliency Committee has taken on the task of drafting a Community Economic Strategy (CES) to assist in setting a direction for the future. They thought about the following questions: What is the collective picture of our community five years from now? Where do we (the local citizens) want to go, and what will Salmo look like when we get there? A vision or a mental picture of the community five years down the road has been identified as the first step in planning for the economic future of the community. They have also set out a limited number of clearly stated goals and believe that with these in place, the community’s priorities for action to support economic development in Salmo and area can be identified. In addition, they have explored, with broader community input, specific projects that can be identified and made “shelf-ready”, so that when funding opportunities, whether public or private, become available, the community is “ready for action.” Currently this strategy is in the hands of the CED Committee established by Council.

How was the Community Economic Strategy developed? The CES builds on the direction given by the community through previous studies and reports, such as the Forest Sector Strategy, a 1996-1997 FRBC initiative, the Salmo Village Official Community Plan 2001, and the 1999 Community Investment Tool Project (Resiliency Study). Previous drafts of the CES were discussed at two public meetings. Input from those meetings with the wider community has been incorporated.

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Community Economic Development Strategy for Salmo and Area

This strategy is intended to serve as a framework for community economic development. It is a starting place for development of community projects that will serve to implement the identified goals. 1. Vision Statement

“The people of Salmo and area are nourished by the strengths of the past and by a dynamic vision for the future. We meet the needs of all our citizens with a resilient economy and a rich quality of life in a sustainable natural environment. We continually build our community’s capacity to work together to achieve long term success.”

2. Goals for Community Economic Development

It has been well established that a vibrant economy relies upon a strong social network and a healthy, sustainable environment. Within this context, the following goals describe desired, positive long term outcomes for community development. Although the goals have been organized into economic, social and environmental categories, their interconnectedness is fully recognized.

Economic Goals

o To promote the geographic advantages of Salmo and area. o To encourage non-polluting industries and businesses to locate in

Salmo and area. o To improve the communications infrastructure in the area. o To create an innovative tourism strategy developed around local

assets. o To create more value added opportunities from local natural resources,

including agriculture, forestry and mining. o To increase opportunities for arts and cultural activities to be local

economic generators. o To facilitate employment opportunities for youth and families.

Social Goals

o To provide lifelong learning opportunities in Salmo. o To strengthen the quality of services and access to healthy activities

for all citizens. o To improve access for seniors to appropriate housing and required

support services.

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o To improve access to affordable housing for all citizens. Environmental Goals

o To maintain healthy ecosystems in a natural functioning state. o To improve the functioning of those ecosystems that have been

degraded. o To foster a sense of stewardship for the local environment.

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Terms of Reference for the SALMO AND AREA G

COMMUNITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE As proposed to Council January 12, 2004

Purpose To serve as a select committee of Council to facilitate and coordinate a strategic approach to community economic development (CED). Membership Members will be appointed by each newly elected council, in cooperation with the Area G Director, for a 3 year term to run concurrent with the 3 year term of the elected council. Membership will be broad based and will strive to ensure representation of the range of community perspectives. Operating Principles

1. Demonstrate principles of citizen collaboration, respect and cooperation in the community.

2. Strive to be a credible, transparent organization, with broad, multi-sectoral participation.

3. Work to increase community capacity to work together to successfully complete priority projects.

4. Promote the broad use of collaboration and respectful citizen interaction. (e.g. use of the Salmo Valley Communications Guide)

5. The CED Committee will follow the required rules as applies to all select committees of Council.

Specific Roles and Tasks

1. Serve as an advisory body to Council on matters of strategic community economic development and specific initiatives that will promote the economic stability and vitality of Salmo and Area G.

2. Report to Council monthly on activities. Approved minutes will be sent to Council and made public only after they have been accepted by Council.

3. Promote progress towards the community vision and goals identified in the Community Economic Strategy (CES). Periodically review and update the CES to ensure an explicit strategic agenda for community economic development that includes concrete economic development initiatives and effective utilization of local economic resources.

4. Develop indicators or measurements to see if progress is being made on the CES vision and goals.

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5. Coordinate and assist in the preparation of “shelf-ready projects” that have been identified as community priorities to be able to take advantage of opportunities as they arise.

6. Serve as a coach and advisor for proponents of proposals for funding and development. The CED Committee will not serve as a body to endorse a specific project.

7. Strive to increase public participation in community economic development.

8. Encourage coordination between community organizations and their projects (e.g. support groups not to compete for the same funding envelopes, assist in finding fair solutions).

9. Liaise with the groups or organizations that have taken on leadership roles for community projects and to assist those groups in increasing their capacity to overcome barriers to project success.

10. Increase local knowledge and skills concerning community based economic development through accessing opportunities for training and through networking with other CED organizations and initiatives.

Community Economic Development (CED) Committee - Conflict of Interest Guidelines 1. Conflict of interest is defined as benefits that may be derived by an

individual or their family members through their involvement in the work of the CED Committee.

2. CED Committee members must avoid real or perceived conflict of interest

through arrangements of private affairs and personal conduct. 3. It is the responsibility of all CED Committee members to identify ASAP

real, perceived or possible conflict of interest on their own behalf or that of a fellow director. Once identified, this issue must be recorded in the meeting minutes.

4. A CED Committee members must remove him/herself from all discussions

and decisions in any situation with potential conflict of interest. 5. A CED Committee members must disclose in writing if conflict of interest

occurs. 6. The CED Committee will then strive to take the steps necessary to find

resolution on a case by case basis.

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