cpld board - students guide
TRANSCRIPT
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CPLD Board Students guide
Engineering College of Copenhagen
EIT department
Lautrupvang 15
2750 Ballerup
Denmark
Ref. : JRH
Hardware rev. : 10
Firmware rev. : 6
Software ver. : 1.1
Date : November 25th 2004
Table of contentsHardware guide....................................................................................................................................... 2
Powering the CPLD board.................................................................................................................................................. 2
The on-board peripherals................................................................................................................................................... 3The 12 switches...............................................................................................................................................................................................................3
The 12 LEDs.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
The 3 push buttons.........................................................................................................................................................................................................3
The 6 multiplexed 7-segment displays.......................................................................................................................................................................3
The clock signals.............................................................................................................................................................................................................4
The USB connector..........................................................................................................................................................................................................4
The expansion connector...............................................................................................................................................................................................6Ground pins..................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Power pins....................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
General purpose I/O signals............................................................................................................................................................... 7
Dedicated input pins......................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Clock signals.................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
The setup menu................................................................................................................................................................... 8Menu: Clock frequency...................................................................................................................................................................................................8
Menu: Push button debounce.......................................................................................................................................................................................8
Menu: Display mode.......................................................................................................................................................................................................8
Menu: USB mode.............................................................................................................................................................................................................9
Menu: Firmware..............................................................................................................................................................................................................9
Software guide...................................................................................................................................... 10
PC and software requirements....................................................................................................................................... 10
Installing the CBProg programming software.............................................................................................................. 10
Installing the USB driver...................................................................................................................................................11
Using CBProg......................................................................................................................................................................12
Appendix................................................................................................................................................ 13
Tables of pin locations......................................................................................................................................................13
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Hardware guideThis section of this guide will cover the hardware aspects you need to be aware of when using this CPLD Board. The
main part of this board is a Xilinx Coolrunner II CPLD with 256 macrocells (XC2C256-TQ144-7) available to your
designs. From the CPLD, you have access to the following:
1. 12 switches.
2. 12 LEDs.
3. 3 push buttons.
4. 6 multiplexed 7-segment displays.
5. A clock signal fixed at 6 MHz.
6. Another clock signal ranging from
600 kHz down to 1 Hz.
7. An USB 1.1 connector for data
transfer to and from a PC.
8. A 64 way DIN41612 expansion
connector.
Some of these peripherals can be set
up using the hardware setup menu
available on the board it self. This
menu will be discussed later.
Powering the CPLD boardYou can supply power to the board in two ways: from the USB connector or from the external power connector. In
either case, you need to move the jumper JP1 to the appropriate position. The jumper must be placed on the two left-
most pins of JP1, when you power the board from the USB connector (position “USB”). If you supply power from the
external power connector, the jumper must be positioned on the two right-most pins (position “EXT”).
The two fuses above JP1 named F2 (the left-most) and F1 (the right-most) protect the board and power supplies
when powering the board from the USB and the external power connector respectively. Do NOT replace these fuses
with a higher rating than stated on the board (below the fuses).
When the board is USB powered, the board will request 300 mA from your PC. If this is not available, your operating
system will reject the CPLD board. You can try another USB port or remove other USB equipment from your PC,
before connecting the CPLD board.
If you want to supply power to the board via the external power connector, you can use both DC and AC power
supplies.
Make sure the power supply provides a voltage no lower than 5 VDC and no higher
than 28 VDC (20 VAC in case of an AC supply).When you use external power, the USB transceiver is turned off. It is possible though, to use external power while
using the USB connector. In that case place JP1 in the “EXT” position.
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The on-board peripheralsAs mentioned above you have access to a number of peripherals in your CPLD design. The sections below explains
these in detail. You will also find the necessary information about the pin locations.
The 12 switches
The 12 switches each have two positions. When a switch is pointing down, you will read a '0' in your CPLD from that
specific switch. When it is pointing up, you will read a '1'. The switches are numbered from 0 to 11 starting from the
right. The following table shows the pin locations of your CPLD.
Switch 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Location P2 P4 P6 P9 P11 P13 P15 P17 P19 P21 P23 P25
The 12 LEDs
The light emitting diodes (LEDs) are all active high – i.e. they light up, when you apply a '1' to them. They turn off,
when you output a '0'. These LEDs are located as seen in the table below.
LED 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Location P3 P5 P7 P10 P12 P14 P16 P18 P20 P22 P24 P26
The 3 push buttons
The push buttons located to the left of the displays are all active high. When you push a button, you will read a '1'
from it and a '0' when it is released. You will find these buttons as indicated by the table below.
Push button 2 1 0
Location P107 P116 P126
Please notice that the operation of the push buttons can be changed by a setting in the setup menu. The board can
deliver the push button signals to your design either debounced or not debounced. “Debounced” means that the noise
coming from the mechanical button is removed, before the signal enters your CPLD. The default setting is “not
debounced”, but it can be enabled in the setup menu as discussed later.
The 6 multiplexed 7-segment displays
The signals related to the display depends on the settings in the “Display mode” sub-menu as discussed later. You
have the option to use only one display (the right-most one), have total access to the display (“Raw display” option)
or use the multiplexing circuit built in (“Full display”). If you select the “One display” mode, you have a simple 8 bit
interface, where each bit represents one segment of the active 7-segment display. In that case the pin locations will
look as shown below.
Segment A B C D E F G DP
Location P103 P104 P112 P113 P120 P121 P131 P132
If you decide to use the raw display, in addition to the signals mentioned above, you will have to control 6 more
signals, telling the display what 7-segment display has to be active. This is called “strobe signals”. These 6 signals are
located as shown below.
Strobe 5 4 3 2 1 0
Location P105 P106 P114 P115 P124 P125
The strobe signals are active low – i.e. if you pull f.ex. “Strobe 4” low ('0'), the second display from the left will turn
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on, showing the segment data present on the segment signals mentioned above. “Strobe 5” affects the left-most
display, and “Strobe 0” affects the right-most one. Note that only one strobe signal should be low at any point in time
– the remaining strobe signals should be held high ('1').
Finally, you have the option of utilizing the built-in display multiplexer (“Full display”). In this mode you can regard
the display as a kind of memory (or “port”), consisting of a 6 words deep memory with each word being 8 bits wide.
Signal Write Enable Write Strobe Address
WE Wr A(2) A(1) A(0)
Location P105 P106 P115 P124 P125
The six displays will be memory-mapped according to the address signals seen in the table above. The memory-map
will be defined as seen below.
Address Display
1112 = 7 Not used
1102 = 6 Not used
1012 = 5 5
1002 = 4 4
0112 = 3 3
0102 = 2 2
0012 = 1 1
0002 = 0 0
The update a cipher in the display using the “Full” mode, follow the diagram shown below.
The clock signals
You have two clock signals available to your CPLD design. One is fixed at 6 MHz (we name this “ClkFast”), and one is
variable (named “ClkSlow”) according to a setting in the setup menu. In any case they are located as seen below:
Clock signal ClkFast ClkSlow
Location P30 P38
Refer to the section discussing the “Clock frequency” setting for further information about the available frequencies of
the ClkSlow signal.
The USB connector
The CPLD board includes a USB 1.1 connector enabling you to do data transfers to and from a PC at up to 1 MByte/s.
From within your CPLD you have direct access to the necessary data and control signals of the USB transceiver
FT245BM from FTDI Chip. It provides a simple 8 bit parallel interface to the USB channel. If you need to utilize this,
refer to the FTDI Chip web site (http://www.ftdichip.com) and browse the site for the data sheets, drivers and
application notes.
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WE
Wr
A(2:0)
Segment(7:0)
Display address
Segment data
At the rising edge of Wr, the data present on the segmentsignal lines is stored in the display with the address specifiedby the address signals. WE must be high, when the risingedge on Wr occurs. The data on the segment and addressmust be held stable at least 50 ns before and after the risingedge on Wr.
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The USB signals available to you are listed in the table below.
Data bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Signal Rd RxF Wr TxE
Location P110 P111 P117 P118 P119 P128 P129 P130 Location P135 P133 P136 P134
The USB signals are dependant on a setting in the setup menu. If you want to transfer data to and from a PC using
the USB channel, you need to select the appropriate setting in the “USB mode” sub-menu.
The USB connector can also be used to program the CPLD, if you use the supplied programming software (“CBProg”).
Make sure all four jumpers below the USB connector are placed at the right-most
position to enable CPLD programming via the USB connector.
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The expansion connector
This connector is located along the right edge of the board. It provides power, clock signals and a number of bi-
directional signals to and from add-on boards. This connector makes it possible to expand the capabilities of the CPLD
board. Because of the complexity of the connector, we will present the pin locations of the connector in a drawing of
the connector as seen from the add-on board side – i.e. looking into the connector on the CPLD board.
The illustration shows the 64 pins of the connector consisting of:
8 ground pins.
8 power pins.
5 groups of pins each consisting of 8 general purpose I/O signals (in total 40 I/O signals).
6 dedicated input pins – one of these (P32) is a global clock input to your CPLD.
2 clock signal outputs (“ClkFast” and “ClkSlow”).
These pin categories will be explained in detail below. Note that all signals pins are 5
V tolerant, because of the transceivers protecting the CPLD board. You can interface
the CPLD board to 5 V digital logic, even though the CPLD on the CPLD board is
using 3.3 V only. The figure to the right illustrates the guaranteed (worst-case) input
and output voltage ranges of the signal pins. You must obey the input voltage range
shown in the illustration – otherwise the CPLD board might not recognize your digital
signals correctly. The output voltage range is defined as 0 volts to 3.3 volts, which
should accommodate most kinds of logic used on expansion boards. One problem
exists, however, when interfacing 5 volt CMOS logic to the expansion connector,
because the internal transceivers are not able to signal a guaranteed logical '1' to
this technology. When a signal pin is configured as an output, as low as 2.2 volts can
be seen, when the signal pin is high. This is not enough for a 5 volt CMOS IC to
recognize the signal as being high. If you built an expansion board using 5 volt logic,
you should consult the data sheets of the integrated circuits you use to determine, if
the problem exists in your case. Some of these problems can be minimized by using
pull-up resistors on these expansion connector outputs (pull up these signals to your
5 volt power supply). The output voltage range illustrated is based on data sheet information, when you load the
output as much as allowable (±24 mA). You can obtain further information about the transceivers protecting the CPLD
board by looking at the data sheet (Texas Instruments SN74LVC245A-N).
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0
1
+5.00 V
0.00 V
+0.80 V
+2.00 V
0
1
+3.30 V
0.00 V
+0.55 V
+2.20 V
Inputvoltage range
Outputvoltage range
+Vex
t
+3.3
V/1
A
+Vex
t
+3.3
V/1
A
GN
D
P101
P98
P96
P94
P87
P85
P82
P80
GN
D
P61
P66
P69
P71
P50
P52
P54
P57
GN
D
P39
P41
P43
P45
P28
Clk
Fast
P33
P35
GN
D
+1.8
V/1
A
+1.8
V/1
A
GN
D
P100
P97
P95
P92
P86
P83
P81
P79
GN
D
P64
P68
P70
P74
P51
P53
P56
P58
GN
D
P40
P42
P44
P46
P31
P32
P34
Clk
Slo
w
GN
D
+Vbus
+Vbus
DIR
OE
P48
P49
DIR
OE
P59
P60
DIR
OE
P75
P76
DIR
OE
P78
P77
DIR
OE
P91
P88
A32
C32
A1
C1
PORT E PORT D PORT C PORT B PORT A
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Do not apply negative or higher voltages than 5 V to any of the signal pins of the
expansion connector.If you decide to design an add-on board to the CPLD board, you should be aware of
the pin numbering of the DIN connector used. You would probably want to use the
angled female counterpart to the expansion connector, and the pin numbering of this
counterpart is in a way mirrored. This means that, seen from your board, the pin named
A1 in the expansion connector of the CPLD board will be named A32 on your add-on
board. Remember, the numbering are mirrored, the A and C rows are not!
Ground pins
These pins are the common ground of all signal. Unless your add-on board has special ground requirements, it is not
necessary to connect your ground to all ground pins of the connector.
Power pins
The CPLD board provides the power supplies used internally to the expansion connector – i.e. +3.3 V and +1.8 V.
Make sure you do not draw more than 1 A from each power supply - i.e. 1 A from
the +3.3 V supply and 1 A from the +1.8 V supply.The +Vext pins can be used to provide power to the CPLD board from your add-on board. It is the same as powering
the CPLD board via the external power connector. You can also power the CPLD board via the external power
connector and use the +Vext pins to power your add-on board directly. This makes it possible to step-down the
external power supply voltage to the voltage needed by your add-on board.
The +Vbus pins provides the USB bus power directly to your board. The voltage coming from an USB hub falls within
the range +4.5V to +5.5V. Take care not to overload these power pins - “overload” means no more than 300 mA
should be drawn from the USB hub in total (including the CPLD board requirements).
General purpose I/O signals
These signals provide the main interface to and from your add-on board. The signals are arranged in groups (ports) of
8 signals each. These signals are either inputs or outputs, depending on the level of the “DIR” signal of each port
(seen above each port). When the DIR signal is '0', all signals in that port are inputs to the CPLD board. When the DIR
signal is '1', all signals are outputs. For example, if P91 is '1', all signals in that port (Port A - P92, P94, P95, P96,
P97, P98, P100 and P101) are outputs.
Each port also has an “OE” signal. “OE” means “Output enable” and is used to disable (tri-state) the entire port. This
signal is active low – i.e. when OE is '0', all signals in that port are active, and when OE is '1' all signals are tri-stated.
This is, by the way, the default value, so you need to control both DIR and OE, if you want to use any of the I/O
ports.
Dedicated input pins
In addition to the general I/O signals discussed above, the expansion connector provides 6 more signals with a fixed
data direction as inputs. The 6 inputs are general purpose outputs, where one of them (P32) is fed to your CPLD's
GCK1 input - GCK inputs are global clock inputs. The remaining 5 inputs can be used as you like – you could f. ex.
use these inputs for letting the add-on board determine the DIR and OE signals of the ports mentioned above (if you
connect these inputs to the corresponding DIR and OE outputs in your CPLD design).
Clock signals
The 2 clock signals present on the CPLD board, ClkFast and ClkSlow, can be found in the expansion connector as seen
in the illustration. If you use these clock signals for synchronizing your add-on board design, you should consider
placing a low pass filter on the desired clock signal on your add-on board to ensure signal integrity of the clock signal
- an RC low-pass filter consisting of 100 ohms and 10 pF should be adequate.
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The setup menuThe CPLD board features a setup menu for
adjusting the functionality of some of the
peripherals mentioned above. The menu is entered
by pressing and holding the setup push button (in
the lower left corner of the board) for about one
second. When the setup menu is active, the LED
just above the setup button will flash. The display
will now be used to visualize the menu by using the
left-most and the right-most display. The left-most
display shows the currently selected sub-menu.
The right-most display shows the current setting of
that sub-menu. Your CPLD design looses control of
the display and the two push buttons PB2 and PB1,
when the setup menu is activated.
When the setup is active, the setup button is used
to go to the next sub-menu by pushing and
releasing the button within one second. The left-
most display will at all times reflect the currently
active sub-menu. The settings can be changed by
pushing either PB2 or PB1 next to the setup button.
When you are done configuring the board, press
and hold the setup button for about one second
again – the setup menu will then deactivate, and
your design regains control of the push buttons and
display.
Menu: Clock frequency
The setting of this sub-menu determines the
frequency of the ClkSlow clock signal. As seen in
the illustration to the right, it is possible to adjust
the ClkSlow frequency in the range from 1 Hz up to
600 kHz. The frequencies have a tolerance of ±80
ppm.
If you select “Manual clock”, you can use the setup
button to generate manual transitions on the
ClkSlow signal by pushing and quickly releasing the
button, when you have exited the setup menu. The
setup LED will show the current logic level of the
ClkSlow signal by lighting up when ClkSlow is high
and vice versa.
Menu: Push button debounce
The three push buttons can be debounced, before the signals enter your CPLD. This sub-menu setting determines if
this feature is enabled or disabled.
Menu: Display mode
This sub-menu determines how the display operates. If you want access to only one 7-segment display, select “One
display”. If you want to control the entire display yourself, select “Raw display”. If you need to use the built-in display
multiplexer, select the “Full display” option. For further information see the section describing the display earlier in
this document.
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Clock frequency
Push button debounce
Display mode
USB mode
Firmware version
10 0 Hz = 1 Hz
600 kHz
105 Hz = 100 kHz
104 Hz = 10 kHz
103 Hz = 1 kHz
102 Hz = 100 Hz
101 Hz = 10 Hz
Manual clock
Disabled
Enabled
Raw display
Full display
JTAG
Data
Version
Sub-menu selection:Push and quickly releasethe setup button
Sub-menu setting:Push and quickly release PB2 orPB1 to go up or down respectively.
One display
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Menu: USB mode
The USB channel can operate in two modes: Data or JTAG mode. When you want to program your CPLD via the
supplied programming software, CBProg, this mode should be set to “JTAG”. If you want to do data transfer to and
from your PC via USB, select “Data”.
Menu: Firmware
This sub-menu shows the current firmware running in the board. This is a service information and should not be of
concern to the user.
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Software guideThis section describes the installation and use of the supplied Microsoft Windows software (CBProg) for use with the
CPLD board. The software is used for programming the CPLD via USB.
The installation is done in two steps:
1. Installing the software package.
2. Connecting a CPLD Board to your PC and installing the supplied USB driver.
When you install the supplied software package, the USB driver for the CPLD Board will be installed in a separate
folder located in the folder you choose to install CBProg to.
Do not start the CBProg application, until you have installed the USB driver for at
least one CPLD Board.The following sections describe the installation steps and how to use the CBProg application in details.
PC and software requirementsPC with an available USB 1.1 port. The USB port must be able to supply at least 300 mA.
Microsoft Windows with USB support (for example Windows XP).
Functioning installation of Xilinx WebPack or Foundation (version 6 or later).
Installing the CBProg programming softwareStart “CPLD Board Programmer Setup.exe” and follow the instructions as seen in the pictures below. When the
installation has completed, the CBProg application, the CPLD Board USB driver and this guide have been copied to
your PC.
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Installing the USB driverWhen you connect a CPLD board to your PC for the first time, Windows asks for an USB driver. This driver must be
installed correctly. The following describes the installation of this driver by using Windows XP as an example. The
pictures below support the example.
1. Connect the CPLD board to your PC.
2. Windows will report that it has found new hardware. Wait until the “Found New Hardware Wizard” appears.
3. Select “Install from a list or specific location (Advanced)” and click “Next >”.
4. Point the Wizard to the location of the driver. The driver has been installed in a folder called “Driver” where you
installed the CBProg software. Click “Next >”.
5. Click “Continue Anyway” in the Windows Logo Certification warning window.
6. Windows inform you that the driver has been successfully installed (hopefully!). Click “Finish”.
Note that you need to install a driver for every CPLD Board you connect. Even though it is the same kind of board, the
built-in serial number is different, and Windows requires a separate driver for each board – you can use the same
driver for all boards.
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Using CBProgWhen you execute the CBProg application, the main
window will appear as seen to the right. The illustration
points out seven important areas in the window.
1. This area reflects the current CPLD Board status. The
two LEDs (circles) to the left must be green, before
you can commence the programming of the CPLD
Board. The first LED will be red, if no CPLD Board is
connected to the PC at all. This will also happen, if the
USB driver is not installed correctly. The second LED
will be red, if JTAG Mode is not enabled in the setup
menu of the board.
2. This area shows some information about the currently connected board.
3. Here, you can monitor the progress of the currently active operation.
4. If both LEDs are green in the CPLD Board status area, you can push this button to open the JEDEC file (*.JED)
containing your design. The JEDEC file is generated by WebPack/Foundation. Make sure you do not open JEDEC
files intended for other CPLDs, because CBProg can not determine, if the selected JEDEC file is valid for the CPLD
Board.
5. When a JEDEC file has been opened, you push this button to start the programming operation. This takes a few
seconds, and CBProg will inform of the progress in the progress information area (3).
6. Push this button to do a quick erase of the CPLD. This is not necessary under normal circumstances – the
programming operation includes an erasure of the CPLD before commencing the actual programming.
7. Pushing this button will open a test window, enabling you to verify the functionality of the display, the LEDs, the
switches and the push buttons.
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Appendix
Tables of pin locations
Switch 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Location P2 P4 P6 P9 P11 P13 P15 P17 P19 P21 P23 P25
LED 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Location P3 P5 P7 P10 P12 P14 P16 P18 P20 P22 P24 P26
Push button 2 1 0
Location P107 P116 P126
Segment A B C D E F G DP
Location P103 P104 P112 P113 P120 P121 P131 P132
Strobe 5 4 3 2 1 0
Location P105 P106 P114 P115 P124 P125
Signal Write Enable Write Strobe Address
WE Wr A(2) A(1) A(0)
Location P105 P106 P115 P124 P125
Clock signal ClkFast ClkSlow
Location P30 P38
Data bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Signal Rd RxF Wr TxE
Location P110 P111 P117 P118 P119 P128 P129 P130 Location P135 P133 P136 P134
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