created by: lisa sydeski thomas jefferson high school pittsburgh, pa
TRANSCRIPT
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Created by: Created by: Lisa SydeskiLisa Sydeski
Thomas Jefferson High SchoolThomas Jefferson High SchoolPittsburgh, PAPittsburgh, PA
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Roman Catholic Church—influential, extravagant, and worldlySome people felt church straying from spiritual roots Concerns crystallized into the Protestant Reformation
• Financial corruption, abuse of power, immorality
• People’s respect for priests, monks, popes weakened
• Heavy taxation also caused discontent
Dissatisfaction• Pope Leo X approved
sale of indulgences
• Needed money for St. Peter’s Basilica
• Indulgences, pardons reduced a soul’s time in purgatory
Financing Basilica• Catholics believed
dead went to purgatory, worked off sins committed
• Sale of indulgences widely criticized
• Government separate from the church
Working Off Sins
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• From Bohemia, Jan Hus preached against immorality and worldliness of Catholic Church
• Excommunicated by Pope Gregory XII; later arrested, tried for heresy and burned at stake
• These influential theologians openly criticized church
• Beginnings of discussions that eventually led to reform
Jan Hus
• Two men stepped forward to challenge the church
• Englishman believed church should give up earthly possessions
• His views unpopular with church officials
• Was removed from teaching position
John Wycliffe
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(1484-1531) – Independent of LutherZurich – SwitzerlandRCC – built on superstition & human traditionChristian Life rested in ScripturesAttacked indulgences, monasticism, celibacyReduced sacraments from 7 to 2Lord’s Supper – a memorial, no changeRejected the Papal office
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Started in Switzerland
England = Puritans
Scotland = Presbyterians
Holland = Dutch Reform
France = Huguenots
Germany = Reform Church
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Lawyer France
Institutes of Christian Religion (1536)
Influence by Luther
More radical than Luther
“God, by a sudden conversion, subdued and brought my mind to a teachable frame?
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T – Total depravity
U – Unconditional election
L – Limited atonement
I – Irresistible grace
P – Perseverance of the saints
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Predestination – absolute omnipotence of GodElect – salvation not by choice – pre-decided by GodGeneva – Switzerland - “city of the saints”Not a theology of fatalism“but an energizing dynamic force”Regulative Principle – unless in scriptures cannot be done
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Protestant hard-work ethicLeisure time = sinHard work to keep one’s self from sinPleasing to God
19041904 - Max Weber - Max Weber
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of CapitalismCapitalism
Worldly success, wealth = sign of election?Worldly success, wealth = sign of election?Calvinism most dynamic force in the 16th 17th Centuries
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John Knox (1505?-1572)Scotland – PresbyterianHenry VIII – (1491-1547)English Reformation
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BB – brotherhood of believers
AA – adult baptism
SS - separation of Church and State
II – in the world but not of it
NN – nonviolent resistance