critical reasoning week 7.ppt”
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CA 2: PART A (ESSAY – 20%) !"#$%&'$(#&)*++&#,-$&.+,/$&*0&1$$-&23&
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!!You will individually research the issue you and your group has decided on
!!Your essay should be 300 – 500 words long
!! your research and your stand and your conclusion should be your own.
!!You are allowed to bring in notes and your research materials
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
CA 10: Part B
(Discussion Café – 50%) !"#$%&'$(#&)*++&#,-$&.+,/$&*0&1$$-&2<&=&2>&
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!!Your group will present its research and conclusions in class.
!!You will now need to forward a group viewpoint on the issue you have chosen. Support your argument with evidence and be prepared to take
questions from the class and tutor.
!!This is not an oral presentation.
!! Your group‘s aim is to convince the audience of your collective viewpoint. Think about how you can do this as effectively as possible.
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
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CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELVES
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CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
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CRS Unit1: Reading Critically
Introduction
(The Thesis)
Body
(reasons for Thesis)
Conclusion
(Reiterate Thesis)
Main Argument (series of
reasons)
Summarise
is a statement of purpose,
intent, or main idea; it is
also known as the stand of the author.
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
What is “argument”?
Reason why you agree or disagree with the issue
!! For the introduction,
- list only the 3 strongest reasons why you agree or disagree with the issue
!! They should be brief.
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
What is “preview of arguments”? !! Introduction of selected arguments
!! i.e. preview of arguments
!! Note each argument has to be:
!! a short phrase
!! to-the-point
What makes up the argument?
!! Each argument requires: !!One reason for your stand
!!One or more supporting details e.g. !! example
!! explanation
!! research finding/ expert opinion/ statistics
!! anecdote
!! comparison and/ or contrast
!! Remember you need three arguments for the essay body
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
Must have the following:
•! can be defended. •! is not based on subjectivity of personal
feelings. •! is a statement (usually in a sentence) and not a question.
•! must be coherent.
A Stand…
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
So what is “stand”? Statement that you agree or disagree with the issue
!! There’s no middle ground in an argumentative essay so your stand has to be a “yes” or “no” i.e.
!!I agree that domestic helpers should be given a day off
or
!!I disagree that domestic helpers should be given a day off
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
1.! Are youths inculcated with good values?
2. Youths need to be inculcated with good
values .
Which is a valid stand?
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
1.! Marijuana should be considered illegal.
2. Selling Marijuana in public places should
be considered illegal
Which is a valid stand?
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
1.! I cannot take the MRT as only a bus
would take to directly to my home.
2.! I love taking cabs.
Which is a valid stand?
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
Expressing your Opinion
!! You can persuade others to agree with how you feel by writing an argumentative essay
!! Let’s explore how such an essay can written for the issue:
Globalization is a bane and not a boon.
!! The following slides will illustrate the process of writing the essay
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
An effective Argumentative Essay has
!! a series of arguments, plus !! counter-arguments and
!! Rebuttals
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
What is a Counter-Argument?
!! An argument given by someone who disagrees with your stand.
!! A counter-argument is an opposing argument that goes against your: !! stand
!! arguments
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
How to Counter-argue?
!! Imagine a disbelieving reader who is able to !! identify a problem with your argument or
!! provide an alternative argument that makes more sense to him or her.
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
How to Counter-argue?
!! The counter-argument should be !! Clear so that the reader understands easily
!! Brief so that you can rebut the counter-argument more effectively and
!! Supported by some evidence
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
What is a Rebuttal?
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CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
Argumentative Essay:
Basic Format
!! Introduction !! Hook !! Background !! Stand !! Preview of 3 Arguments
!! Body !! Argument 1 !! Argument 2 !! Argument 3 !! Counterargument & Rebuttal
!! Conclusion !! Restate stand !! Restate 3 arguments
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
How to Conclude?
!! Restates your stand
!! Summarises your arguments
!! Presents possible consequence(s) of contradicting your stand
These should be stated in different words from the
introduction.
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
Title--why do you need one?
!! Introduces the topic of discussion
!! Generates reader interest
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
Creating a Title
!! Attention Grabbing !!Offering a provocative image
!!Using words or examples offered in the body or conclusion
!! asking a question
!! Don’t be too general
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
Considering Titles
Which would be the best title for an article on “Solutions to the problem of road rage”?
Road Rage
Can’t Drive 55
Road Rage: Curing Our Highway Epidemic
CRS Unit 4: Writing an Argument
Activity Time!
CRS Unit 1: Issues and Conclusion
!! In your groups.
!! Go to Eliser
!! Select an issue for your CA 10.
!! Choose your topic from the following:
#!Youth
#!Globalization
#!Media
#!Science & Technology
Formulating an Issue Eliser Database
News, current Affairs and Social
Issues
1. Opposing Viewpoints
Resource Centers
2. Resource Centers
Or
3. Global Issues in Context
WHEN YOU COME BACK (WEEK 12) 1.! You should have already done some kind of research on
your own
2.! Everyone should bring their computers to class
3.! Have their 3 points of argument, 1 or 2 counter arguments + rebuttal
4.! If you need help,
email [email protected]