crop ranking, combination and...

Chapter - V

CROP RANKING, COMBINATION

AND DIVERSIFICATION

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.2 CROP RANKING

5.3 CROP COMBINATION REGIONS

5.4 CROP DIVERSIFICATION REGIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter V – Crop Ranking, Combination and Diversification

150

Chapter - V

CROP RANKING, COMBINATION AND

DIVERSIFICATION

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Last two chapters reveal the general and agricultural land use of the

study region. Present chapter deals with the finding of crop regions by using

crop ranking, crop combination and crop diversification method for Raigarh

district. The cultivation of different crops in the region shows the strength and

weakness of the study region. Study of particular crop in the region gives a

clear cut idea about the region. The relative strength of the real extent of crop

can be studied by crop combination and crop diversification method.

Secondary data at tahsil level is used for computing crop ranking. The data for

this has obtained from Tahsil revenue office record, Socio-economic Review

and Stastical Abstracts and Census Handbook of Raigarh district for the year

2000-2001. The eight crops, namely Rice, wari, nachni, pulses, spices, fruits

and vegetables, oil seeds and fodder crops are considered for crop ranking in

the region. The cultivation of these crops in the region is the direct impact of

climate, soil, physiography, drainage and irrigation. Rice, fodder crops and

fruits and vegetables are the dominant crops in the region

Table - 5.1

Raigarh District

Crop Rank Frequency (2000)

Crop Ranking Sr.

No.

Name of the

Crop 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 Rice 13 2 - - - - - -

2 Wari - - - 2 6 2 1 3

3 Nachni - 1 3 1 2 3 4 -

4 Pulses - 1 3 6 4 1 - -

5 Spices - - - - - 6 - 8

6 Fruits & Veg. - 4 5 2 - 1 2 1

7 Oil Seeds - - - 3 2 2 7 1

8 Fodder Crops 2 7 4 1 1 - - - Source – Computed by Researcher based on Socio-economic Review and Statistical

Abstract of Raigarh District, 2000.


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5.2 CROP RANKING

5.2.1 First Ranking Crops

Table 5.2 shows the first ranking crops in the Raigarh district. Two

crops have been identified as first ranking crops. The distribution of these first

ranking crops is shown in Fig. 5.1. Rice ranked first in thirteen tahsils and

fodder crop ranked first in two tahsil of the district. It covers 131380 hectares

area and occupied 56.32 per cent total cropped area of the region. In Uran,

Panvel, Karjat, Khalapur, Pen, Alibaug, Roha, Sudhagad, Mangaon, Tala,

Shrivardhan, Mhasla and Mahad tahsils, rice has observed as a first ranking

crop. Due to heavy rainfall hot and moist climate and black to laterite soil, rice

is well grown in kharip season in almost all tahsils and rabbi season in some

tahsils of the study region. Fodder crops are another crop shows first rank in

two tahsils namely Murud and Poladpur tahsil. It occupies 9975 hectares area

which is 4.28 per cent of the total cropped area of the region. Poladpur lies in

ghat region and Murud tahsil has uplifted topography caused for the cultivation

of fodder crops instead of rice cultivation. Animal raring activity is high in

these tahsils thus fodder crops are taken in this tahsils. Total 141355 hectares

area (60.60 per cent) was covered under first ranking crop out of total cropped

area of the district.

Table - 5.2

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in First Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped Area

1 Rice 14 131380 56.32

2 Fodder Crops 1 9975 4.28

Total 15 141355 60.60

Source – Computed by Researcher based on Socio-economic Review and Statistical Abstract of Raigarh District, 2000.


152

Fig. 5.1


153

Fig. 5.2


154

5.2.2 Second Ranking Crops

Total five crops are observed at second rank in the study region,

namely fodder crops, pulses, nachni, Rice and fruits and vegetables. Table 5.3

and Fig. 5.2 display the distribution of second ranking crops in the Raigarh

district. Among these, fodder crops are cultivated in seven tahsils as second

ranking crop. The distribution of fodder crop is mainly towards the

mountainous area and it covers 23407 hectares area. Uran, Panvel, Khalapur,

Pen, Alibaug, Tala and Mahad tahsils ranked second in fodder crops. Fruits and

vegetables are identified as second ranking crop in four tahsils namely Roha,

Sudhagad, Shrivardhan and Mhasla occupying 9604 hectares area cultivated on

a large scale in the coastal area. Mango, cashew, chikku, ratambi, water melon

and coconut are the major fruit crops grown in these tahsils. Rice, nachni and

pulses are observed as a second crop in these tahsils. All these tahsils are

located in the ghat region of the district. Total 40142 hectares area has covered

under second ranking crop and it occupied 17.17 per cent area of the total

cropped area.

Table - 5.3

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in Second Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped Area

1 Fodder Crops 7 23407 10.03

2 Fruits & Vegetables 4 9604 4.11

3 Rice 1 2914 1.24

4 Nachni 1 2587 1.10

5 Pulses 1 1630 0.69

Total 15 40142 17.17

Source – Computed by Researcher based on Socio-economic Review and Statistical Abstract of Raigarh District, 2000.


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5.2.3 Third Ranking Crops

Four crops are identified as a third ranking crops in the Raigarh district.

Fruits and vegetable, fodder crops, nachni and pulses are the four crops on third

ranking in the region shown in Table-5.4 and Fig.-5.3. Fruits and vegetables

ranked third in five tahsils namely Uran, Panvel, Pen, Alibaug and Murud

tahsils covers 8681 hectares area of the total cropped area. These all five tahsils

are located to the coastal zone of the district. Mango, Cashew, chikku, ratambi

and coconut are the major fruit crops grown in these tahsils. Fodder crops are

also ranked third and found in four tahsils (Karjat, Sudhagad, Shrivardhan and

Mhasla tahsil) on slopes of mountainous area of the study region. Fodder crop

includes green grass, kadwal and maize used for animals and supports milk

production. Nachni ranked third in three tahsils namely Tala, Mahad and

Poladpur tahsil covered 5796 hectares occupied 2.48 per cent area grown on

the slope of mountains ranges. Pulses are taken as a rabbi crop ranked third in

Khalapur, Roha and Mangaon tahsil in the central part of the district. Total

18302 hectares area has covered under third ranking crops occupied 7.84 per

cent of the total cropped area of the district.

Table - 5.4

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in Third Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped Area



3 Nachni 3 5796 2.48

4 Pulses 3 2954 1.26

Total 15 18302 7.84

Source – Computed by Researcher based on Socio-economic Review and Statistical



156

Fig. 5.3


157

Fig. 5.4


158

5.2.4 Fourth Ranking Crops

Pulses, Oil seeds, fruits and vegetables, wari, fodder crops and nachni

are the six crops entered in fourth ranking crops in the district. Table 5.5 and

Fig. 5.4 show the distribution of fourth ranking crops in the study region.

Pulses ranked fourth in six tahsils namely Uran, Panvel, Sudhagad, Tala,

Shrivardhan and Mhasla grown as rabbi crops in the foot hill of the mountain

ranges. It covers 1142 hectares area which is 0.48 per cent of the tahsil cropped

area of the district. Oil seeds include ground nut and sesamum ranked fourth in

three tahsils and it covers 2523 hectares area (1.08 per cent) of the total

cropped area of the district. Fruits and vegetable ranked fourth in two tahsils

namely Karjat and Poladpur tahsil and it occupied 3025 hectares (1.29 per cent)

area of the total cropped area.

Table - 5.5

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in Forth Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped Area

1 Pulses 6 1142 0.48

2 Oil Seeds 3 2523 1.08


4 Wari 2 2724 1.16


6 Nachni 1 391 0.16

Total 15 11216 4.77



Wari is also ranked fourth in two tahsils namely Mangaon and Mahad

tahsils located on the slope of mountains covers 2724 hectares area and

occupied 1.16 per cent area of the study region. Fodder crops (1411 hectares)

and Nachni (391 hectares) are ranked fourth in one tahsil and it occupied 0.60


159

per cent and 0.16 per cent respectively. Total 11216 hectares area occupied by

fourth ranked crops which is 4.77 per cent of the total cropped area of the

district.

5.2.5 Fifth Ranking Crops

Five crops are observed as fifth ranking crops namely, wari, pulses,

nachni, oil seeds and fodder crops in the district. The spatial distribution of

fifth ranking crops is displayed in Table 5.6. and Fig 5.5. Among these crops

wari is ranked sixth in six tahsils namely Panvel, Khalapur, Sudhagad, Tala,

Mhasla and Poladpur tahsils covers 3400 hectares area which is 1.45 per cent

area of the total cropped area. Pulses are ranked fifth in four tahsils covers

3774 hectares area (1.62 per cent) in pen, Alibaug, Murud and Mahad tahsil.

Nachni ranked fifth in Karjat and Roha tahsil grown on hilly area occupied

1770 hectares area (0.75 per cent) of the district. Oil seeds ranked fifth in Uran

and Shrivardhan tahsils and it covers 487 hectares and occupied 0.20 per cent

of the total cropped area. Fodder crops in Mangaon tahsil cover 1080 hectares

area with 0.46 per cent. Total 10511 hectares area was under fifth ranking

crops occupied 4.49 per cent of the cropped area of the district.

Table - 5.6

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in Fifth Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped Area

1 Wari 6 3400 1.45

2 Pulses 4 3774 1.62

3 Nachni 2 1770 0.75

4 Oil Seeds 2 487 0.20


Total 15 10511 4.49




160

Fig. 5.5


161

Fig. 5.6


162

5.2.6 Sixth Ranking Crops

Six crops, namely nachni, wari, oil seeds, pulses and fruits and

vegetables are identified as sixth ranking crops in the study region. These sixth

ranking crops cover 6097 hectares area and occupied 2.60 per cent of the total

cropped area. The distribution of sixth ranking crops is shown in the Table 5.7

and Fig. 5.6. Black pepper, cinnamon, clove and nutmeg are the major spices

grown as a inter crop in fruit crops observed ranked sixth in the coastal tahsil

namely Uran, Panvel, Pen, Alibaug, Murud and Tala tahsil. It covers only 381

hectares area under (0.16 per cent) of the total cropped area. Nachni ranked

sixth in Sudhagad, Shrivardhan and Mhasla tahsils occupied 3648 hectares area

(1.5 per cent). Wari covers 1479 hectares area ranked sixth in two tahsils

namely Karjat and Roha tahsil and occupied 0.63 per cent area. Oil seeds also

ranked sixth in two tahsils covering the 13.4 hectares area (0.05 per cent) in

Mangaon and Mahad tahsils. Pulses cover 393 hectares area (0.16 per cent) and

fruits and vegetables covers only 62 hectares area (0.02 per cent) in Poladpur

and Khalapur tahsils respectively.

Table - 5.7

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in Sixth Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped Area

1 Spices 6 381 0.16

2 Nachni 3 3648 1.56

3 Wari 2 1479 0.63

4 Oil Seeds 2 134 0.05

5 Pulses 1 393 0.16


Total 15 6097 2.60




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5.2.7 Seventh Ranking Crops

Oilseeds, nachni, fruits and vegetable and wari are the crops ranked

seventh in the study region. These four crops cover 3922 hectares area

occupied 1.66 per cent area of the total cropped area of the district. The

distribution of sixth ranking crops is shown in the Table 5.8 and Fig. 5.7.

Oilseeds ranked seventh and occupied 721 hectares area (0.30 per cent) in

seven tahsils namely Karjat, Khalapur, Roha, Sudhagad, Tala and Poladpur

tahsil. Nachni is observed as seventh ranking crop in four tahsils in the study

area namely Panvel, Uran, and Pen and Alibaug tahsil. It covers 488 hectares

area (0.20 per cent) of the cropped area of the district. Fruits and vegetables

ranked seventh in Mangaon and Mahad tahsils cover 2558 hectares area (1.09

per cent) and wari ranked seventh in Shrivardhan tahsil covers 155 hectares

area and occupied only 0.06 per cent of the total cropped area of the study

region.

Table - 5.8

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in Seventh Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped

Area

1 Oil Seeds 7 721 0.30

2 Nachni 4 488 0.20


4 Wari 1 155 0.06

Total 14 3922 1.66




164

Fig. 5.7


165

Fig. 5.8


166

5.2.8 Eight Ranking Crops

Four crops are identified as eight ranking crops in the study region.

Spices, wari, fruits and vegetables and oil seeds are the eight ranking crops,

covers 177 hectares area with only 0.053 per cent of the total cropped area. The

distribution of sixth ranking crops is shown in the Table 5.9 and Fig. 5.8.

Spices observed eight ranking crops in eight tahsils namely Karjat, Khalapur,

Roha, Sudhagad, Shrivardhan, Mhasla, Mahad and Poladpur tahsil covers only

seven hectares area of the district. Wari ranked eight in three tahsils namely

Uran, Pen and Alibaug and covers 85 hectares land (0.03 per cent) Fruits and

vegetable (25 hectares area and oil seeds (10 per cent area) identified ranked

eight in Tala and Panvel tahsil respectively.

Table - 5.9

Raigarh District

Crops, Tahsils and Area in Eighth Ranking

Sr.

No.

Crops No. of

Tahsils

Area in

Hectares

% to Total

Cropped Area

1 Spices 8 7 0.003

2 Wari 3 85 0.036


4 Oil Seeds 1 10 0.004

Total 13 177 0.053



5.3 CROP COMBINATION REGIONS

The study of crop combination region constitutes an important aspect of

agricultural geography as it provides a good basic for agricultural

regionalization. The crops are generally grown in combination and it is rarely

observed that a particular crop occupies a position of total isolation than other

crops in a given area at a given time. (Weaver, 1954) The study of crop


167

combination of any region gained importance in geographical study. It gives us

the relative position of crop on regional scale for a comprehensive and better

understanding of agricultural mosaic of an agro climatic region. Crop

combination study in geography is fruitful in many ways. It provides an

adequate understanding of an individual crop and crop-combination region are

essential for construction of more complex structure of the stunning agriculture

region. .

Tahsil wise crop combinations are studied by maximum positive

deviation method of Rafiullah and it is analyzed with the help of map.

Rafiullah (1956), based on Weaver’s method, developed a new deviation

method in his work ‘A New Approach to the Functional Classification of

Towns’ (Hussein, M. 2002). The technique devised by Rafiullah may be

expressed as follows:

∑d2p - ∑ d

2n

d = N

2

Where,

d = is the deviation between actual crop percentage and

the appropriate crop percentage in theoretical distribution.

p = is the positive difference.

n = is the negative difference.

N = is the No. of the crops in the crop combination.

Tahsil is selected as a basic unit of investigation. Year 1990-91 and

2000-01 is selected for the delineation of crop combination. In the present

study eleven crops are selected for delineation of crop combination.

5.3.1 ANALYSIS OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERN OF CROP

COMBINATION (1990 - 91 and 2000 -01)

As per maximum positive deviation method of Rafiullah only two crops

combination are identified out of 11 crops in both period i.e. 1990-91 and

2000-01. In the year 1990-91 out of fifteen tahsils, six tahsils comes under the


168

category of monoculture and the remaining nine tahsils are in two crops

combination (Table 5.10 and Fig. 5.9). During 2000-01 five tahsils are comes

under the category of monoculture and remaining ten tahsils are in two crops

combination (Table 5.11 and Fig. 5.10). The crops in two crop combination are

increased during 2000-01.

5.3 2. Monoculture

i. Rice

Rice as a monoculture was observed in Raigarh district for both periods.

In 1990-91, Uran, Panvel, Karjat, Khalapur, Pen and Alibaug tahsils come

under the category of monoculture and they covered the area of 93.2 per cent,

88.72 per cent, 82.23 per cent, 80.15 per cent, 83.76 per cent and 83.55 per cent

of the total net sown area respectively. In 2000-01, Pen, Murud, Shrivardhan,

Mhasla and Poladpur tahsils having monoculture and they covered an area of

77.94 per cent, 32.57 per cent, 33.48 per cent, 25.93 per cent and 33.94 per

cent of the total net sown area respectively

Five tahsils namely Uran, Panvel, Karjat, Khalapur and Alibaug are

shifted from monoculture to two crop combination in year 2000-01 and Murud,

Shrivardhan, Mhasla and Poladpur tahsils are shifted from two crop

Combination in to monoculture in the Year 2000-01. The above tahsils were

receiving high rainfall intensity. The soil is also suitable for rice cultivation;

hence rice is the monoculture in these tahsil.

5.3.3 Two Crop Combinations

During 1990-91 nine tahsils have two crops combination but, during

2000-01 ten tahsils have two crop combinations. Rice is a main common first

ranking crop combined with fodder crops, nachni in 1990-91 and fodder crops,

nachni, pulses and fruits and vegetables in 2000-01.

i. Rice - Fodder crops

The tahsils Sudhagad, Murud and Shrivardhan have two crops

combination in 1990-91, rice and fodder crops are two major dominant crops

among these tahsils. During 2000-01 Uran, Panvel, Khalapur, Alibaug, Roha


169

and Mangaon tahsils have two crops combinations. The farmers in the tahsil

changed the crops from monoculture to two crops combination during study

period.

Raigarh district is located at the foothill of Western Ghat covers large

hilly area having large number of domestic animals thus fodder crops are taken

largely in these tahsils.

Table - 5.10

Raigarh District

Tahsil Wise Crop Combination (1990 - 1991)

Sr.

No.

Tahsil Index Value of

Crop

Combination

Crop

Combination

Category

Crops in

Combination

1 Uran 1850.25 One Rice

2 Panvel 1499.73 One Rice

3 Karjat 1038.70 One Rice

4 Khalapur 909.54 One Rice

5 Pen 1140.06 One Rice

6 Alibaug 1126.15 One Rice

7 Murud 465.00 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

8 Roha 602.00 Two Rice - Nachni

9 Sudhagad 498.48 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

10 Mangaon 324.00 Two Rice - Nachni

11 Tala ------ ----- -------------

12 Shrivardhan 238.00 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

13 Mhasla 83.00 Two Rice - Nachni

14 Mahad 376.00 Two Rice - Nachni

15 Poladpur 129.20 Two Rice - Nachni




170

Fig. 5.9


171

Fig. 5.10


172

Table - 5.11

Raigarh District

Tahsil Wise Crop Combination (2000 - 2001)

Sr.

No.


Crop

Combination

Crop

Combination

Category

Crops in

Combination

1 Uran 312.88 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

2 Panvel 528.00 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

3 Karjat 530.04 Two Rice - Pulses

4 Khalapur 562.29 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

5 Pen 781.00 One Rice

6 Alibaug 597.00 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

7 Murud 303.68 One Rice – Fodder

crops

8 Roha 455.27 Two Rice - Nachni

9 Sudhagad 178.83 Two Rice – Fruits

10 Mangaon 564.32 Two Rice – Nachni

11 Tala 363.77 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

12 Shrivardhan 272.91 One Rice

13 Mhasla 579.36 One Rice

14 Mahad 124.97 Two Rice – Fodder

crops

15 Poladpur 257.92 One Rice



ii. Rice - Nachni

The rice and nachni are two major crops grown in Roha, Mangaon,

Mhasla, Mahad and Poladpur tahsils during 1990-91. Mangaon is the only

tahsils having rice and nachni as major crops during 2000-01. The area under

rice and nachni are 69.77 per cent and 12.67 per cent of the total net sown area

in Mangaon tahsil respectively. Rice and nachni are the two major food grains

in the study region.


173

iii. Rice- Pulses

These two crops are not observed in crops combination during 1990-91.

Rice and pulses are two major crops grown in Karjat and Roha tahsils during

2000-01in rabbi season covering the area 69.30 per cent and 7.46 per cent

respectively. Tur, udid, gram, mung and wal the major pulses growing with

Rice in these tahsils.

iv. Rice- Fruits

Rice and fruits are observed in combination in only Sudhagad. Rice and

fruits are the major two crops in Sudhagad tahsil during 2000-01. Rice is the

first ranking crop and fruits are the second ranking crop and they covered 51.51

per cent and 21.35 per cent area of the total net sown area of tahsils

respectively. The horticulture is well developed in Sudhagad tahsil of Raigarh

district. These two crops are not found in combination during 1990-91 in any

tahsil.

The combination analysis reveals that the rainfall, nature of surface and

soil impacts on the farmer’s decision to grow few crops depending upon local

demand and the prices in the market. Rice is the major crop grown in all tahsils

in the region and other crops are grown in combination are mainly the result of

nature of surface and soil. The crop combination is increased in the period of

ten years. The changing prices of the crops in the market can impact much on

the Farmer. Hence it is difficult to come to the conclusion that the present

combination of crops will continue in future and it may change as per time and

place.

5.4 CROP DIVERSIFICATION REGIONS

Diversification means the raising a variety of crops. In Indian conditions

the diversification is a common phenomenon because the farmers try to satisfy

most of family demands from its own land resulted into crop diversification..

The cultivation of crop depends on physical and socio-economic factors. This


174

cultivation of crop shows contemporary competition. Crops are diversified in

the field due to erratic nature of rainfall and insufficient irrigation. Farmers

grow many crops in order to sustain the agriculture. The greater number of

crops leads to greater competition, the higher is the magnitude, higher the

diversification. Many geographers and economists have applied diversification

concept in different sense. Various methods are used to measure the

diversification of crops in area. Various geographers have used indices which

help the comparative study easier. Gibbs Martin has applied diversification

concept for computing measurement of diversification of employment in

industry. Bhatia (1965) has computed crop diversification in India to

understand crop combination in region.

The formula, later on has been modified by Jasbir Singh (1976) and Ayyer

(1969). According to Bhatia crop diversification means the land occupying for

variety of crops, which occupy at least on percent to gross cropped area. The

study of crop diversification is essential to understand the competition of crops

in any region. In order to identify the crop diversification, in present study,

Gibb’s Martin’s Index has been applied. The formula is as under:

Index of Diversification = 1 - ∑X

2

(∑X)2

Where X is the percentage of total cropped area occupied by each crop

or hectareage under individual crop. If the total cultivated area in the region is

devoted fully to single crop it showing the specialization and the index value

will be zero (Singh,1984).

5.4.1 ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL PATTERN OF CROP

DIVERSIFICATION (2000-2001)

Table -5.12 and Fig.- 5.11 shows the spatial pattern of crop

diversification for the year 2000-2001 in the region. The maximum crop

diversification is observed in Mhasala tahsil (0.80) in southern coastal side and

the lowest in pen tahsil (0.35) in northern coastal side.


175

Table - 5.12

Raigarh District

Crop Diversification Index (2000 - 2001)

Sr.

No.

Tahsil Index Value

of Crop

Diversification

Sr.

No.


Crop

Diversification

1 Uran 0.64 9 Sudhagad 0.68

2 Panvel 0.49 10 Mangaon 0.45

3 Karjat 0.43 11 Tala 0.69

4 Khalapur 0.42 12 Shrivardhan 0.73

5 Pen 0.35 13 Mhasla 0.80

6 Alibaug 0.48 14 Mahad 0.67

7 Murud 0.68 15 Poladpur 0.76

8 Roha 0.54



The whole study area is divided into three crop diversification regions-

1. Area of high crop diversification

2. Area of moderate crop diversification

3. Area of low crop diversification.

Table - 5.13

Raigarh District

Crop Diversification Pattern

Type of

Diversification

Value No. of

Tahsils

Area in %

High

Diversification

Above 0.60 07 44.44

Moderate

Diversification

040 – 0.60 07 51.78

Low

Diversification

Below 0.40 01 7.77




176

Fig. 5.11


177

High diversification is seen in coastal and southern tahsils covering

80453 hectares area (44.44 per cent to gross cropped area) in Raigarh district.

Seven tahsils namely Uran, Mahad, Sudhagad, Shrivardhan, Mhasala, Murud

and Poladpur tahsils comes under this region. The index value ranges from 0.64

to 0.80. This region covers seven tahsils of the district.

Moderate diversification covers 162999 hectares area (51.78 per cent)

of the region. The index value ranges from 0.43 to 0.54. In this category of

moderate diversification are observed in seven tahsils namely, Panvel, Karjat,

Khalapur, Alibaug, Roha, Mangaon and Tala tahsil. This region includes

central and northeastern tahsils of the district.

Pen tahsil covers 15463 hectares (7.77 per cent) of the total area. Being

the coastal tahsil soil is saline thus the diversification is low in the tahsil. The

index value for Uran tahsil is Pen is 0.35.

In short it can be said that this region is a predominantly a rice producing

area. Apart from, rice, nachni, wari, pulses, oilseeds are is of some importance.


178

REFERENCES

1. District Socio-economic Review and Statistical Abstract, Raigarh

District, 1980 -2009

2. Gazetteer (1980): Raigarh District

3. Government of Maharashtra, (1980-81 to 2000-01): “Season and Crop

Report”, Maharashtra State (Annual).

4. Government of Maharashtra, (2002-03): “District wise General and

Statistical Information of Agriculture Department”, Part II, Epitome of

Agriculture in Maharashtra.

5. Handbook of Agriculture (1990): Indian Council of Agricultural

Research, New Delhi. Pp. 20, 168-170, 203,

6. http://www.indiastat.com

7. http/www.mah.nic.in

8. http//www.raigad.nic.in

9. http//www.wikipedia.com

10. Krushidarshni (2006) Mahtma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.Pp. 9-13

11. Rafiullah, S.N. (1967): “Region, Regionalism and Regionalization”,.

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