cryogenic engine design
TRANSCRIPT
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CRYOGENIC ENGINEthe coolest hot engine
by
VOLETI AJAY KUMAR
THOTA VISWA CHAITANYA
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CONTEXT
What is cryogenic engine
Law of action-reaction
Components of cryogenic engine
Design of cryogenic engine
Engine start and cut-off
Advantages & disadvantages cryogenic engine
Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION & HISTORY
Cryogenics is the study of production of verylow temperature nearly about ‘123K’ in whichthe material’s behavior and properties arestudied.
In 1963, United States of America was the firstcountry to develop the CRE.
In 1987, first CRE was launched with humanin space.
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Law of action-reaction
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Main Components
Turbo pump
Gas turbine
Combustion chamber
Nozzle
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Turbo pump
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Gas turbine
It is also called combustion turbine.
Its main purpose is to supply powerto the compressor and turbo pump.
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Combustion chamber
Combustion chamber is the placewhere the combustion ofpropellants will takes place.
The dimensions of the cylinder aresuch that the propellant is able tocombust thoroughly.
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Nozzle
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CROGENIC ENGINETHE COOLEST HOT ENGINE
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Engine design
To introduce propellant into thecombustion chamber, two principledesigns of LRE is used :
Pressure-fed design
Pump-fed design
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Pressure-fed design
In a pressure fed design, thepropellants are forced to thecombustion chamber by a pressuregas which pressurises the tank.
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Pump fed design
In pressure fed design, thepropellant is forced to thecombustion chamber with the helpof a pump.
STAGED CYCLE:
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Full Flow Staged Cycle Expander cycle
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Working of engine
TO START A LRE:
The following operations should beperformed:
a. Pressurizing the tank or vaporisingpropellants
b. Starting of turbine ( if turbo pump isapplied)
c. Opening of main vents
d. Combustion ( with the pyrotechnicinitiator )
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ENGINE CUT-OFF :
Large engines can not be cut off only byclosing the main propellant valve.
It can be achieved by
Redirecting it into a low pressure linefollowed by closing the propellant valve.
The pressure feed engines can be cut off bypropellant depletion.
If the engine is pump feed, first thepropellant flow to the gas generator islowered.
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Advantages
Eco-friendly
Non-toxic
Non-corrosive
Safer to handle & store
High specific impulse
Disadvantages
Low temperature propellants – Complex to store
Need for ignition system
Highly relative gases
Leakage
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ENGINE DESCRIPTION VIDEO
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GSLV-D5 stages
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Conclusion
All the present programs are related to theCryogenic upper stages of launching vehicles.
It is more efficient over conventional engines.
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Any queries ???
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THANK YOU