cs 10241 cs 1024 - computing for business instructor:david tucker gta:batul mirza
TRANSCRIPT
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CS 1024 1
CS 1024 - Computing for Business
Instructor: David Tucker
GTA: Batul Mirza
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CS 1024 2
Overview of the Course Syllabus Use of computers in
business Introduction to
programming using COBOL
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CS 1024 3
Brief Introduction to Computers
Computer hardware PC & components Mainframes
Computer software Programs which cause a
computer to carry out a task Sequential instructions Processes data Examples
Data Raw fact
Information Organized and processed Form that is meaningful
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CS 1024 4
Types of Processing Batch processing
Submit a job – wait – get results
Ex. Monthly payroll processing
Posting to general the ledger
Validation checks Interactive processing
Interaction with a computer through a terminal
Personal computer
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CS 1024 5
Business Data Processing
COBOL : common business oriented language
Characteristics of B.D.P. Many large data files Relatively few computations Lots of reports
Typical tasks of B.D.P. Rearrange data Change data’s appearance Compare data items Locate items Summarize Tabulate Combine data
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CS 1024 6
Algorithm A natural language
statement of a systematic procedure for solving a problem.
Algorithm Characteristics Must terminate Have zero or more inputs Have one or more outputs Each step unambiguous
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CS 1024 7
Examples of Algorithms Add 2 numbers
Get num1 Get num2 Sum <- num1 + num2 Write sum
Calculate Pay Get rate of pay Get hours worked pay <- rate_of_pay *
hours worked Write pay
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CS 1024 8
Languages Machine
0 & 1s only Low-level
Assembly Managing memory
High-level COBOL, C, Pascal Machine does the work
of translating Natural language
English Spanish
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CS 1024 9
COBOL Features English-like Self-documenting “sort of” Data declaration
“location” File structure Records
Fixed decimal data handling
Separates machine independent and machine dependant parts “Environment Division”
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CS 1024 10
Data Organization Data is composed of 3 types of
characters1. Digits or numeric characters
(0,1,…9)2. Letters or alphabetic characters
(A,B,…Z)3. Special characters (coma,
decimal point, equal sign, space, etc.)
Field hold a piece of information Alphanumeric field Numeric field
Record Related fields
File Records that are used together
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CS 1024 11
Programming Specifications
Program name Narrative or additional info Input File(s) Input Record Layout
Fields in which location of the row Data Report Layout Processing Requirement
File Filtering Printing
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CS 1024 12
Logic Write out the logic before
you start coding Pseudocode Flow chart
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CS 1024 13
Divisions of a COBOL Program
1. IDENTIFICATION DIVISION – provides basic information about the program such as a name
2. ENVIRONMENT DIVISION – Specifies the computer hardware that is to be used when the program is compiled and executed
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CS 1024 14
Divisions Cont. DATA DIVISION – defines
the characteristics of the files, records, and fields to be used in the program. File section
FD (file description) SELECT statement Level numbers
Relation to each other 01 – record description entry05 – field entry
Record description Working-storage section
Define data that does not appear in the input or output.
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CS 1024 15
Divisions Cont.
PROCEDURE DIVISION – specifies the processing steps to be followed by the computer when the program is executed. Paragraphs (procedures) PERFORM statement IF statement READ statement
Test data
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CS 1024 16
Elements of COBOL
Reserved words Programmer-supplied names
Paragraph names Data names File names
Literals Numeric Non numeric
Symbols Punctuation Arithmetic Relational
Level numbers Pictures