1

UNCLASSIFIED

1

CSDP missions and operations

Maria FIHL

Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC)

Col Bruno-Mikaël NICOLAS

European Union Military Staff (EUMS)

2

UNCLASSIFIED

2

CONCORDIA

Support

AMIS

ARTEMIS

AMM

EUPM

EUPOL

PROXIMA

EUJUST

LEX

EUSEC

RD CONGO

EUPOL

RD CONGO

EUPAT

EUBAM

RAFAH

EUFOR

RD CONGO

ALTHEA

ALTHEA

EUFOR

TCHAD/RCA

EUPOL

AFGHANISTAN

EU SSR

GUINEA BISSAU

EUPT

KOSOVO

EUNAVFOR

ATALANTA

Civil

(ongoing)

Civil

(finished)

Military

(ongoing)

Military

(finished)

EULEX

KOSOVO

EUMM

GEORGIA

EUJUST

THEMIS

EUPOL

KINSHASA

EUTM

SOMALIA

EUCAP

NESTOR

EUAVSEC

SOUTH

SUDAN

EUTM

MALI

EUCAP

SAHEL-

NIGER

EUBAM

LIBYA

EUPOL

COPPS

3

UNCLASSIFIED

3 3

EEAS

Eur. Com.

Council of the European Union

COREPER

PSC

CIVCOM RELEX

…

Civ. OHQ

(CPCC) MHQ

EUTM

HoMs

OHQ ATALANTA

FHQ

OHQ

ALTHEA

FHQ HoM

EUSEC RDC

EUMCWG

VP

Global/

Multil. MD

Corporate Board

PMG

COO ESG

DSG DSG

HR

Regional

MDs (x5)

MD CR &

Op. Coord.

INTCEN CMPD

EUSRs Chair PSC Legal

Affairs

FPIS

FAC

Ch

air

DEVCO

…

EUMC EUMS

~ 140 EU

Delegations

…

OpsCen MHQ

EUTM

4

UNCLASSIFIED

4

Focus on

CSDP military operations

5

UNCLASSIFIED

5

Military Strategic

Level

Political Strategic

Level

Berlin+ with recourse to NATO assets and

capabilities

Autonomous

COUNCIL/PSC

Autonomous

Military OHQ Options

EU OHQ at SHAPE Designated EU OHQ EU OPSCEN

6

UNCLASSIFIED

6

LESSONS FROM PAST OPERATIONS

• CONCORDIA (2003) : “Berlin +”

• ARTEMIS (2003) : EU BG Concept

• EUFOR RD Congo (2006) : EU-UN cooperation

• EUFOR TCHAD-RCA (2008/09) : Bridging Operation

• EUSEC RDC (2005-xx) : SSR, military-focussed

“civilian” mission

7

LIMITED

Balkans

From NATO SFOR to EUFOR ALTHEA

8

UNCLASSIFIED

8

Operation ALTHEA

MISSION

• To support BiH efforts to

maintain Safe and Secure

Environment & to contribute to

capacity building & training of

Armed Forces of BiH

9

UNCLASSIFIED

9

FACTS & FIGURES

• Launch: Dec 2004, from SFOR

• C2: Berlin +, EUSG in SHAPE

• OpCdr Gen Shirref (DSACEUR)

FCdr MGen Heidecker (AT)

• Strength: ~600 troops

• Last reconfiguration Sept 2012

• MNBn(-) in Sarajevo,

LOTs throughout the country

• 18 Member States + 5

Operation ALTHEA

10

UNCLASSIFIED

10

STATE OF PLAY

• SASE in BiH

• Adequate Force Flow

• Increased CB&T efforts

CHALLENGES

• BiH political stalemate

• Executive role

• Surplus ammunition

& weapons

11

LIMITED

Horn of Africa

The « Comprehensive Approach » model

12

UNCLASSIFIED

12

Horn of Africa

EU STRATEGIC APPROACH

• Strategic Framework for the HoA

• Sub-strategies and Action Plans

• EUSR

• 4 CSDP missions and operations

(EUNAVFOR Atalanta, EUTM Somalia,

EUCAP Nestor & EUAVSEC Juba)

• Activated OpsCen for HoA

13

UNCLASSIFIED

13

EUNAVFOR ATALANTA

MISSION • To protect World Food

Program (WFP) shipping,

other vulnerable shipping,

deter, prevent and

intervene in order to bring

to an end acts of piracy.

14

LIMITED

.

.

EUNAVFOR Atalanta

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

NE SW

FACTS & FIGURES

• Launch 2008

• First CSDP naval operation

• Mandate extended until Dec 2014

• OHQ Northwood, FHQ afloat

• OpCdr RAdm Tarrant (UK)

• 4 to 7 surface combat vessels, 1

auxiliary ship, 3 to 5 MPRAs

• 24 contributing Member States + 5

15

LIMITED

EUNAVFOR Atalanta

STATE OF PLAY

• Success rate / piracy statistics

• Tactical level coordination

• EU legal framework

CHALLENGES

• Reversible success

• Force flow

• Addressing roots of piracy

16

UNCLASSIFIED

16

EUTM SOMALIA

MISSION • To provide political and

strategic advice on

security sector

development as well as

specific mentoring,

advice and capacity

building in the training

domain.

17

UNCLASSIFIED

17

EUTM Somalia

FACTS & FIGURES

• Launch April 2010

• MCdr BGen Aherne (IE)

• MHQ Kampala (Uganda)

• Training Camp in Bihanga (Uganda)

• MATE HQ in Mogadishu

• Renewed Mandate until Mar 2015

• Progressive shift to Somalia

• 12 contributing Member States + 1

18

UNCLASSIFIED

18

EUTM Somalia

STATE OF PLAY

• Mission outputs

• Cooperation with partners

• Training concept

CHALLENGES

• Mogadishu Security Situation

• Exit Strategy

19

LIMITED

Sahel

A new comprehensive test case?

20

UNCLASSIFIED

20

Sahel

EU APPROACH

• Strategy for Security

and Development

• 2 CSDP missions deployed

(EUCAP Sahel & EUTM Mali)

• Support to ECOWAS

(EUMS CHC)

• EU Special Representative

for the Sahel

• Options paper to be

developed for EU civilian spt

21

UNCLASSIFIED

21

EUTM MALI

MISSION • To provide military and training

advice to the Malian Armed

Forces on command & control,

logistics, human resources,

international humanitarian law,

protection of civilians and

human rights.

22

UNCLASSIFIED

22

EUTM Mali

FACTS & FIGURES

• Official launch on 18 Feb 2013

• 15 months mandate

• MHQ in Bamako, Training in Koulikoro

• MCdr BGen Lecointre (FR)

• Strength: 540 (200 instructors)

• 4 Malian battalions to be trained

• Common costs: 29,9 M€

23

UNCLASSIFIED

23

EUTM Mali

STATE OF PLAY

• Mission established

• Ongoing 1st Battalion training

• Advisory role

CHALLENGES

• MAF Equipment

• Force Generation

• Financing

24

LIMITED

EU Military Operations

Summary & Current Trends

25

UNCLASSIFIED

25

EU Military Operations in short

• 4 ongoing military Missions/Operations:

ALTHEA – ATALANTA – EUTM Mali & EUTM Somalia

• as part of Regional EU regional Strategies

• developed into “Comprehensive” approaches

• with permanent Civ/Mil (CSDP) interaction

• possibly with ad Hoc C2 structures

• Financing challenges

• …and Exit Strategy linked to other (EU) instruments.

26

UNCLASSIFIED

26

Focus on

CSDP civilian missions