CSI:Helena High

Crime Scene Investigation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSe_IkOd4J0

Ted Bundy-Serial Killer

Ted Bundy:

Handsome, gregarious

Former law student

40+ murders between 1964-1978

Pacific Northwest California, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Florida

Victims: young women

Murdered by: blunt instrument and strangulation

Tallahassee, FL-3 week murder spree killing 2 women at sorority house and a 12 year old girl.

Sorority victim beaten over head with log, raped and strangled. Bite marks on left buttock and breast.

Supremely confident: Bundy represented himself in court as his own lawyer.

Forensic odontologist: matched bite marks on victims buttocks with Bundy’s front teeth.

Convicted.

Executed: 1989.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HxQ1QFUGKqo

Forensic Science:Is the application of science to the criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system.

Criminalistics:The broad term describing the wide range of skills, training, and responsibilities needed in conducting criminal investigations.

Criminalists: Do Not- carry weapons

interrogate suspects

make arrests

treat injured

Do-

collect evidence

Fingerprint Examiner

Pathologist

Trace Evidence Examiner

Pathologist

Anthropologist

Odontologist

Entomologist

Psychologist

Serologist

Mammologist

Physicist

Biologist

Toxicologist

Botanist

Forensic:

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Sherlock Holmes 7 Rules of Scientific Thinking: (compiled by John C. Sherwood)

1: “One should always look for a possible alternative and provide against it. It is the first rule of criminal investigation."

2: "I never guess. It is a capital mistake to theorize before one has data. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to suit theories, instead of theories to suit facts."

3: "Use your time sparingly. Determine what you have. Then determine what you need. Then look for what you need in the place where it must be."

4: “There is nothing so important as trifles. Never trust to general impressions, but concentrate yourself upon details."

5: "Singularity is almost invariably a clue."

6: "It is a mistake to confound strangeness with mystery. The most commonplace crime is often the most mysterious, because it presents no new or special features from which deductions may be drawn."

7: "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth."

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZoPw2SaEq9k

Qualitative vs Quantitative

EVIDENCE

Deals with descriptions.

Data can be observed but not measured.

Colors, textures, smells, tastes,

appearance, beauty, etc.

Qualitative → Quality

Qualitative

EvidenceDeals with numbers.

Data which can be measured.

Length, height, area, volume, weight,

speed, time, temperature, humidity, sound

levels, cost, members, ages, etc.

Quantitative → Quantity

Quantitative Evidence

Qualitative data:

robust aroma

frothy

appearance

strong taste

burgundy cup

Quantitative data:

12 ounces of latte

serving temperature 150º F.

serving cup 7 inches in

height

cost $4.95

Physical Evidence and Faulty Logic“She’s a witch! Burn her!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrzMhU_4m-g

Faulty Reasoning:

1.All wooden things burn but not

all things that burn are made of

wood, so a flammable witch can-

not be wooden.

2.Objects that float don’t need to

weigh the same; they merely

need to be less dense than

water. (Be wary of very small

rocks).

Cautionary Tale: Faulty reasoning can sometimes

be introduced into court proceedings as a means of

swaying the jury. Antidote: Physical Evidence

Alphonse Bertillon (1853-1914) was a French law enforcement officer and biometrics researcher who created anthropometry, an identification system based on physical measurements.

Anthropometry was the first scientific system police used to identify criminals. Until this time, criminals could only be identified based on eyewitness accounts, which are known to be unreliable. The method was eventually supplanted by fingerprinting but "his other contributions like the mug shot and the systematisation of crime-scene photography remain in place to this day."

The “MUG SHOT

Edmond LocardTwentieth century French criminalistics pioneer.

Locard’s Exchange Principle

When two objects come in contact with each other, a cross-transfer of materials occurs.

Forensic Chemistry

Is a broad term denoting the application of chemical analyses and related principles to the examination of physical evidence such as:

Street drugs Gunshot residue

Arson debris Paint

Fibers Glass

Appropriate analytical and instrumental techniques are chosen to identify physical characteristics or composition of evidence.

Questions to be resolved include:

Is the substance illegal to possess?

Were these substances use in the process to manufacture illegal drugs?

Were these items in physical contact?

Do the items share a common source?

BertillonageMaterials: string meter stick

pen unique # card

Anthropometric Measurement sheet

Bertillonage Measurement Diagram

Procedure:

Using the Anthropometric Measurement Sheet, work with a partner

to get each other measurements and fill out the data.

All measurements must be in centimeters.

Leave the “Unique I.D.” blank.

Upon completion of measurement activity, each student must pick

out a card from the box and get a secret I.D. number.

Fill out the Unique I.D. section on your own Anthropometric Sheet

and write your name on the back of the I.D. card.

Hand in both to instructor.