culture pics 18.3. temple of ur iran turkey
TRANSCRIPT
Culture Pics Culture Pics 18.318.3
Temple of Ur
Iran Iran
Turkey
Making a fire in a wadi in Jordan
Tent in Jordan
Camel race in Israel
Population Population PatternsPatterns
Ch. 18 Sec. 1
The CrossroadsThe Crossroads• This region is the crossroads
b/w Asia, Africa, and Europe remarkable ethnic diversity–Differences among grps. based
on their lang., customs, and beliefs
MANY PEOPLESMANY PEOPLES• Arabs
• Israelis• Turks
• Iranians and Afghanis• Caucasian Peoples
• Kurds
ArabsArabs• Most people in region are Arab-
275 million
• Majority are Muslims
• 290 mil. Arabic-speaking people
• Presently live in 16 countries, including those in North Africa
ArabsArabs• Before Islam spread, they were
mainly on Arabian Peninsula–Now all over, including “Maghreb”
• Now, many Arabs are descendents of Egyptians, Phoenicians, Berbers, and others
IsraelisIsraelis• 7.7 million (ppl living in Israel)• 82% are Jewish, the rest are
Christian & Muslim Arabs• Trace heritage to Israelites
who settled Canaan…God gave them this land permanently
IsraelisIsraelis• Wars, persecution, & trade
made Jews settle elsewhere religion kept link to homeland alive
• 1890s: Zionism• 1948: Israel founded as Jewish
state
IsraelisIsraelis• Arabs were mad about a
Jewish state in territory that was theirs
• Palestinians are Arabs living in new Israel territory
• Many Palestinians were forced to leave
IsraelisIsraelis• Agreements are now giving
Palestinians more self-rule• Problems still exist over city of
Jerusalem, presence of troops in territories, return of Palestinian refugees, & water and resource rights
TurksTurks• From Anatolia Peninsula-
migrated about 1000 C.E.• Blend of many peoples who
have lived there (C. Asn, Eur.)–One being the Ottomans (ruled
Mediterranean for 600 yrs.)
• Most are Muslims; speak Turkish
IraniansIranians• 75 million live in Iran (formerly
Persia)
• Descendants of Aryans (from southern Russia) 1000 B.C.
• Speak Farsi
• 90% are Shi’a Muslims
AfghanisAfghanis• Many different ethnic groups
reflect centuries of migrations & invasions
• Speak many languages
• Most practice Islam
CaucasiansCaucasians• More than 50 ethnic grps. in
Caucasus area –Armenians and Georgians are
largest
CaucasiansCaucasians• Armenians:
–Armenia became independent with fall of Soviet Union (’91)
–Culture is over 15 centuries old
–Most are Christian
–1915: 1 million were massacred, deported, or died of illness from Ottoman Turks
CaucasiansCaucasians• Georgians:
–Independence w/ fall of Soviet Union
–Most are Christian
–Own lang. w/ unique alphabet
Turkic PeoplesTurkic Peoples• Mostly in Central Asia (esp. the
“stans”)–Remnants of Turkish empires–Live outside of Turkey, who are Turks
• Uzbeks make up largest grp.• Kazakhs are a minority in own
country (Russians, Ukrainians, & Germans are majority)–But now with migration & better living
conditions.
TajiksTajiks• Mostly Muslim
• Non-Turkic group living in Central Asia
• Live in Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Afghanistan
• Lang. is similar to Farsi
KurdsKurds• Most are Muslims• Lang. similar to Farsi• Live in border areas, with no established
country (largest ethnic group without a country)–Region called Kurdistan–Attempts of self-rule put down by Turkish and
Arab rulers
• Fearing an uprising, Hussein massacred Kurds in 80s
Population & Population & ResourcesResources
• Water fights–Causes border disputes Shatt al Arab
(Iran & Iraq), Golan Heights (Syria & Israel)
• City fights–Rapid Urbanization growing faster
than the supply of food and housing.• Slums are forming on outskirts• Iran’s solution: decentralize the govn’t
take businesses and jobs out of Tehran, and spread them out to other cities.