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Current Status and Future Development of Coal Thermal Power Plant in Indonesia.

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I Made Ro SakyaHead of System Planning Divisionimadero@pln.co.id

PT PLN (PERSERO)

Presented in Clean Coal Day 2013 International Symposium

Tokyo, September 4th, 2013

Indonesia

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Area : Land 1,9 M km2, territorial : 5,2 M km2

Population : 247 million; Growth : 1 %

GDP : 900 Billion USD; growth : 6.2 %

PLN is Major Integrated Electric Utility Company in Indonesia

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Sole owner of transmission and distribution assets with control over majority of

generation assets in Indonesia

Owner of 38 GW Power

Plant

Controls over 85% of

national generation capacity

Main purchaser of electricity

from Independent Power

Producers (IPPs)

Sole responsibility for

power transmission in

Indonesia

Transmission lines with

38 thousands kmc and

72 GVA of power

transformer capacity

Sole distributor of

electricity to end

customers in Indonesia

Distribution lines of

740 thousands kmc and

39 GVA of transformer

capacity, serving around

50 Millions customers, 10

million PrePaid Meters.

Generation Transmission Distribution

Electrification Ratio [2012]

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PAPUA BARAT: 66.5%

SUMUT: 87.2%

SUMBAR: 76.9%

RIAU:78.4%

SUMSEL: 66.7%

BENGKULU: 71.2%

BABEL: 92.8%

LAMPUNG: 70.0%

DKI: 96.4%

BANTEN: 80.5%

JABAR: 75.9%

JATENG: 77.8%

JAMBI: 70.0%

DIY: 77.8% JATIM: 75.2% BALI:74.5%NTB: 53.3%

NTT: 53.2%

KALBAR: 89.7%

KALTENG: 56.6%

KALSEL:75.9%

KALTIM:75.9%

SULUT: 76.4%

GORONTALO: 60.7%

SULTENG: 66.0%

SULTRA: 68.8%

SULSEL: 81.2%

MALUT: 85.4%

MALUKU: 77.3%

PAPUA: 33.1%SULBAR: 89.3%

NAD: 88.8%

Electrification Ratio 2012

PLN 73.1%

(PLN+ Non PLN) 75.9%

More than 60 million Indonesian people had no

access to electricity

PLN has an extensive generation portfolio with total installed capacity of approximately 36,612 MW across Indonesia

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Papua

Diesel 242 MW

Hydro 5 MW

Total 247 MW

Peak Load 200 MW

Pop. (mn) 3.8

Elec. Ratio (%) 41

NTT

Diesel 237 MW

Geothermal 3 MW

Hydro 1 MW

Total 241 MW

Peak Load 131 MW

Pop. (mn) 4,8

Elec. Ratio (%) 53

NTB

Diesel 303 MW

Hydro 1 MW

Others 1 MW

Total 305 MW

Peak Load 220 MW

Pop. (mn) 4.7

Elec. Ratio (%) 53

Java-Bali

Hydro 2,392 MW

Geo 375 MW

Steam-turbine 12,990 MW

Combined Cycle 7,896 MW

Gas turbine 2,035 MW

Diesel 256 MW

IPP 5,672 MW

Total 31,616 MW

Peak Load 21,370 MW

Pop. (mn) 145

Elec. Ratio (%) 78.4

Total Indonesia

Hydro 3,514 MW

Geothermal 548 MW

Steam-turbine 14,529 MW

Combined

Cycle

8,814 MW

Gas-turbine 3,590 MW

Diesel 5,613 MW

Others 4 MW

IPP 7,331 MW

Total* 43,943 MW

Peak Load 29.061 MW

Maluku

Diesel 279 MW

Others 0 MW

Total 279 MW

Peak Load 136 MW

Pop. (mn) 2.8

Elec. Ratio (%) 73

Kalimantan

Hydro 32 MW

Steam-turbine 130 MW

Combined Cycle 60 MW

Gas-turbine 200 MW

Diesel 1,308 MW

Others 0 MW

IPP 56 MW

Total 1,786 MW

Peak Load 1,241 MW

Pop. (mn) 14

Elec. Ratio (%) 73.7

Sumatera

Hydro 864 MW

Geothermal 110 MW

Steam-turbine 1,272 MW

Combined Cycle 858 MW

Gas-turbine 1,232 MW

Diesel 1,973 MW

Others 0 MW

IPP 1,106 MW

Total 7,415 MW

Peak Load 4,405 MW

Pop. (mn) 53

Elec. Ratio (%) 77.3

Sumatera

Kalimantan

Sulawesi

Maluku

Papua

NTT

NTB

Java-Bali

As of December 31, 2012.

* Total power generation capacity in Indonesia, of which PLN produces 36GW

Sulawesi

Hydro 219 MW

Geothermal 60 MW

Steam-turbine 137 MW

Gas-turbine 123 MW

Diesel 1,015 MW

Others 3 MW

IPP 497 MW

Total 2,054 MW

Peak Load 1,357 MW

Pop. (mn) 18

Elec. Ratio (%) 71

Indonesia Coal Resources and Reserves

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Source: Geological Agency, MEMR, 2010

Coal classification (air-dry basis):– Very high rank coal : ≥ 7,100 kCal/kg– High rank (bituminous) coal : 6,100 – 7,100 kCal/kg– Medium rank (sub-bituminous) coal : 5,100 – 6,100 kCal/kg– Low rank (lignite) coal : ≤ 5,100 kCal/kg

Projection of Electricity Demand 2012-2021

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IB : 10,5%

26

TWh

62

TWh

IT : 11,4%

14

TWh

37

TWh

JB : 7,9%

132

TWh

259

TWh

2012 2021

Average of national electricity demand growth 2012-2021 is 8,65% annually.

Cust: 32.4 millions

Cust: 10.4 millions

Cust: 6.7 millions

Source: RUPTL PLN 2012-2021

New Power Plant Capacity Addition by Owner [Incl. IPP]

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• Total capacity addition to 2021: approx 55 GW or 5.5 GW per year

• Allocation for IPP and PLN are not firmly defined except those projects already committed.

Source: RUPTL PLN 2012-2021

Total Installed Capacity by Technology[Incl. IPP]

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REAL PROJECTION• Power plants capacity

increase from 32.1 GW

in 2008 to 40.3 GW in

2012 or additional 1,700

MW per year.

• The biggest capacity is

for CFPP (48%), then

CCPP (23%), HEPP

(10%), GTPP

(9%), dieselPP (7%)

and geoPP (3%).

• From about 18.000 MW

existing CFPP:

− 64% using

subbituminous and

36% lignite. The

lignite share will

increase when FTP1

projects completed.

− 99% pulverized

boiler and 1% CFB.

Fuel Mix for Electricity Production [GWh]Total Indonesia [Incl. IPP]

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HSD MFO

COAL

GAS

GEOTHERMAL

HYDRO

HSD

LNG

-

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

400.000

450.000

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

GW

h

Impor Biomass Surya/Hybrid HSD MFO LNG Gas Batubara Geothermal Hydro

Hydro

Geothermal

Coal

Gas

LNG

Oil

Energy production in 2012: coal (50%), gas (23%), oil (15%), hydro (6%) and geothermal (5%)

Source: RUPTL PLN 2012-2021

UNIT CAPACITY DISTRIBUTION OF COAL POWER PLANT

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

50 - 199 200 - 499 500 -899 > 1000

UN

IT

CAPACITY ( MW )

Roadmap of Clean Coal Technology [CCT] in Indonesia

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2012 2015 2020 2025

SC, = 30-40%

USC, 43%

IGCC45-48%

Central Java (USC 2x1000 MW)Jawa-1 (USC 1x1000 MW)

Indramayu #1(USC 1000 MW)

Indramayu #2(USC 1000 MW)

Jawa-4 (USC 2x1000 MW)Jawa-5 (USC 2x1000 MW)

2000–3000 MW per year

IGCC 1000 MW Class

Jawa-6 (USC 2x1000 MW)

Source: JICA CCT Study, October 2012, with updated projects and schedule by PLN

Super Critical Generation Coal Fired Power Plants (CFPP) in Java-Bali System

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SURALAYA

CFPP Jawa Tengah#1: 1.000 MW (2017)#2: 1.000 MW (2018)

CFPP Indramayu#4: 1.000 MW (2018)#5: 1.000 MW (2020)

CFPP Adipala (SC)#1: 660 MW (2014)

CFPP Jawa-6#1: 1.000 MW (2021)#2: 1.000 MW (2021)

CFPP Banten#1: 625 MW (2016)

CFPP Jawa-4 #5: 1.000 MW (2019)#6: 1.000 MW (2020)

CFPP Jawa-1 #2: 1.000 MW (2017)

CFPP Jawa-5#1: 1.000 MW (2018)#2: 1.000 MW (2019)

AMPLA

CILEGON

M.TAWAR

CIBATU

CIRATA

SAGULING

BEKASI

TASIKMALAYA

BANDUNG SELATAN

UNGARAN

T.JATI B

PEDAN

KEDIRI PAITON

GRATI

KRIAN

GRESIK

NEW SURALAYA

NGIMBANG

CAWANG

SURALAYA

KEMBANGAN

BANGIL

KESUGIHAN/RAWALO

CILACAP

GANDUL

TAMBUN

CAWANG-2

BANTUL

KAPAL

SURABAYA SELATAN

TANDESCIGERELENG

ADIPALA

DEPOK

HVDC

CIBINONG

M.KARANG PRIOK

CIBATU-2

CISOKAN

INDRAMAYU

UJUNGBERUNG

MANDIRANCAN

JAWA-1 JAWA-3

T.JATI A

MATENGGENG

PEMALANG

JATENG

DURIKOSAMBI

NEW BLRJALENGKONG

BANTEN

HVDC

BOGOR-X

CFPP Jawa-3#1: 660 MW (2017)#2: 660 MW (2018)

CFPP Cirebon (SC)#1: 660 MW (2012)

CFPP Paiton (SC)#3: 815 MW (2012)

CO2 Reduction Effect By Introduction of CCT

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Source: JICA CCT Study, October 2012

Economical Evaluation of CCT

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Sub Critical SC USC IGCC Coal Price 4,200 kCal/kg ($/ton)

Total Gross Power 1,000 MW 1,000 MW

1,000 MW 1,000 MW Y2011 Y2020

Plant Efficiency 36% 39% 42% 49% 53.8 107.6Construction Cost 100%

(Base)106.5% 108.5% 130%

Coal Consumption 100% (Base)

90% 84% 75%

O&M Cost 2.5% 3% 3% 3%

Source: JICA CCT Study, October 2012, with updated projects and schedule by PLN

Future Development of Coal Fired PP

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1. Fuel Supply

• The type of coal that would be used more in electricity generation Indonesia

is low rank coal, due to plentiful availability in Kalimantan and Sumatera and

more economical, thus securing more stable supply, whilst most high rank

coal would be exported to global market.

2. Boiler Type :

• CFB: for small to medium scale CFPP outside Java-Bali system.

• USC: should be introduced for next new CFPP project in Java-Bali system

(2017).

3. Further Development

• Coal gasification – Syngas:

• IGCC: will be introduced around 2025, considering the development

situation in the world.

• CCS: in the early stage of development, and will reduce a significant

amount of CO2 emission. Will be introduced in Indonesia maybe after 2025.

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