DA BOMB TEST DA BOMB TEST REVIEWREVIEW

Enlightenment Enlightenment ThinkersThinkers

LOCKE LOCKE – – “natural “natural rights”rights” (life, liberty (life, liberty & property)& property)

MONTESQUIEU MONTESQUIEU – – the power to govern the power to govern should be should be divideddivided

ROUSSEAUROUSSEAU – Social – Social Contract & govt. by Contract & govt. by the the consent of the consent of the governedgoverned

Mercantilism / Salutary Mercantilism / Salutary NeglectNeglect

Colonies exist to Colonies exist to provide raw provide raw materials & new materials & new markets for the markets for the home country.home country.

Britain practiced a Britain practiced a “healthy ignoring”“healthy ignoring” of the colonies as of the colonies as long as long as mercantilism mercantilism continued.continued.

Articles of Articles of ConfederationConfederation

First govt. in the USFirst govt. in the US Was weak and Was weak and

ineffectiveineffective Too much power to Too much power to

states & not enough states & not enough to federal govt. to federal govt.

Founders were Founders were afraid of tyrannical afraid of tyrannical rule!rule!

Constitutional Constitutional CompromisesCompromises

Great Great CompromiseCompromise – – created a House & created a House & a Senatea Senate

3/5 Compromise3/5 Compromise – Every 5 slaves – Every 5 slaves count as 3 for count as 3 for representation representation purposespurposes

FederalismFederalism

Division of power Division of power between the state between the state and federal govt. and federal govt.

Ex. Federal Govt. – Ex. Federal Govt. – declare wardeclare war

State Govt. – State Govt. – licensing laws licensing laws

Elastic ClauseElastic Clause

Allows Congress Allows Congress to make laws to make laws “necessary & “necessary & proper”proper” to meet to meet changing changing conditionsconditions

Ex. Hate CrimeEx. Hate Crime

Washington/Cabinet/Washington/Cabinet/Farewell AddressFarewell Address

Est. the first CabinetEst. the first Cabinet Put down the Put down the

Whisky RebellionWhisky Rebellion Proclaimed Proclaimed

neutralityneutrality Warned the nation Warned the nation

against:against:– Foreign alliancesForeign alliances– Political partiesPolitical parties

Judicial ReviewJudicial Review

Power of the Power of the Supreme Court to Supreme Court to declare a law declare a law unconstitutionalunconstitutional

Established with Established with the court case the court case Marbury v. Marbury v. MadisonMadison

Jefferson / Jefferson / Interpretation & Interpretation & Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase

Strict (by the book) Strict (by the book) interpretation of the interpretation of the ConstitutionConstitution

Went against this Went against this belief to purchase belief to purchase the Louisiana the Louisiana Territory (from Territory (from France / $15 million)France / $15 million)

Andrew Jackson / Indian Andrew Jackson / Indian Removal / Spoils SystemRemoval / Spoils System

Moved Cherokee Moved Cherokee west of the west of the Mississippi (Indian Mississippi (Indian Removal)Removal)

Gave jobs to loyal Gave jobs to loyal supporters (spoils)supporters (spoils)

Used veto powerUsed veto power Vetoed the Vetoed the

national banknational bank

Civil War AmendmentsCivil War Amendments

1313thth – abolished – abolished slaveryslavery

1414thth – citizenship – citizenship and equal and equal protection under protection under the lawthe law

1515thth – black males – black males right to voteright to vote

Disappearance of Disappearance of Frontier (Homestead & Frontier (Homestead & Dawes Act)Dawes Act)

Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny pushed people westpushed people west

Homestead ActHomestead Act – – 160 acres of free land 160 acres of free land given to those willing given to those willing to settle for 5 years.to settle for 5 years.

Dawes ActDawes Act – aimed – aimed at “Americanizing” at “Americanizing” the Native Americansthe Native Americans

Reform MovementsReform Movements TemperanceTemperance – push – push

to ban alcoholto ban alcohol Abolition Abolition – –

movement to end movement to end slaveryslavery

Dorothea DixDorothea Dix – care – care of mentally illof mentally ill

Horace MannHorace Mann – tax – tax supported schoolssupported schools

Seneca FallsSeneca Falls – – women’s rights women’s rights movement beginsmovement begins

Populist MovementPopulist Movement Started by farmers Started by farmers

to limit the powers to limit the powers of big businessof big business

33rdrd parties become a parties become a powerful force in powerful force in politicspolitics

1616thth amend – amend – graduated income graduated income taxtax

1717thth amend – direct amend – direct election of US election of US SenatorsSenators

Muckrakers in the Muckrakers in the Progressive MovementProgressive Movement

2020thth Century Century American journalists American journalists who tried to who tried to improve society. improve society. They exposed:They exposed:– Health HazardsHealth Hazards– Social ProblemsSocial Problems– Political Political

CorruptionCorruption

Social Darwinism (Carnegie & Social Darwinism (Carnegie & Rockefeller)Rockefeller)

Survival of the Survival of the Fittest in BusinessFittest in Business

Believed in laissez-Believed in laissez-faire economicsfaire economics

Built powerful Built powerful monopolies & trustsmonopolies & trusts

Wiped out Wiped out competitioncompetition

ImperialismImperialism Expanding a nations Expanding a nations

power by acquiring power by acquiring territories.territories.

Expansion of the Expansion of the Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine (Roosevelt (Roosevelt Corollary)Corollary)

Spanish American Spanish American war caused by:war caused by:– Yellow journalismYellow journalism– DeLome LetterDeLome Letter– Sinking of MaineSinking of Maine

Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance

Cultural Cultural movement of the movement of the 1920’s1920’s

Led by African Led by African American writers, American writers, musicians & musicians & poetspoets

Led to the Jazz Led to the Jazz AgeAge

New DealNew Deal Programs started Programs started

by FDR to end the by FDR to end the Great Depression.Great Depression.

Relief, Reform & Relief, Reform & RecoveryRecovery

FDR tries to “pack FDR tries to “pack the court” to get the court” to get support for his support for his programsprograms

Govt. now had a Govt. now had a responsibility to responsibility to protect the general protect the general welfarewelfare

Lend Lease Act / Lend Lease Act / MobilizationMobilization

US would sell or US would sell or lend war materials lend war materials to any country to any country whose defense whose defense was vital to the USwas vital to the US

US prepared for US prepared for war in the war in the meantimemeantime

Containment / Containment / DetenteDetente

After WWII, US tried After WWII, US tried to stop the spread of to stop the spread of communism.communism.

Domino Theory – if Domino Theory – if one country falls to one country falls to communism, they all communism, they all will fall.will fall.

Détente – reduction Détente – reduction in Cold War tensionsin Cold War tensions

Gulf of Tonkin / War Gulf of Tonkin / War Powers ActPowers Act

Gave the President Gave the President all powers all powers necessary to necessary to prevent future prevent future aggression in aggression in Vietnam (the blank Vietnam (the blank check!).check!).

War Powers Act War Powers Act reversed this reversed this decisiondecision

ImpeachmentImpeachment An accusation of An accusation of

wrong doing against wrong doing against the President or the President or high federal official.high federal official.

Does NOT mean to Does NOT mean to be removed from be removed from office!!!!office!!!!

House – accusesHouse – accuses Senate – acts as a Senate – acts as a

juryjury

Global Global InterdependenceInterdependence

The US and The US and nations of the nations of the world are world are interconnected.interconnected.

A ripple effect is A ripple effect is felt throughout the felt throughout the world during times world during times of economic crisis of economic crisis or prosperity (ex. or prosperity (ex. Great Depression)Great Depression)

Title IX, 19Title IX, 19thth AmendmentAmendment Title IX – Title IX –

gave female gave female athletes the athletes the same same financial financial support as support as malesmales

1919thth amend amend – women’s – women’s right to vote right to vote (women’s (women’s suffrage)suffrage)

Limits on First Limits on First Amendment FreedomsAmendment Freedoms

Through Through amendments & laws, amendments & laws, the federal govt. has the federal govt. has limited our limited our freedoms:freedoms:– Schenck v. USSchenck v. US– Suspended habeas Suspended habeas

corpus in times of corpus in times of warwar