daffodil effective support for using digital libraries
DESCRIPTION
DAFFODIL Effective Support for Using Digital Libraries. Norbert Fuhr University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany. Desktop system for federated digital libraries. Drawbacks of today’s DLs. In all workflow phases multiple access points multiple query forms poor functionality. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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DAFFODILEffective Support for Using Digital
Libraries
Norbert Fuhr
University of Duisburg-Essen,
Germany
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Desktop system for federated digital libraries
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Drawbacks of today’s DLs
In all workflow phases
multiple access points
multiple query forms
poor functionality
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Daffodil concepts: Focus on the user
1. Strategic information access support
2. Proactive system support
3. Digital library life cycle
4. Collaboration
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1. Strategic information access support
Levels of search activities (Bates 1990): 1. Move: Low-level search function
(e.g. type in search term, view retrieved document)
2. Tactic: several moves to further a search(e.g. broaden/narrow a query)
3. Stratagem: set of actions on a single domain(citation database, tables of contents of journals)
4. Strategy: complete plan for satisfying an information need
(e.g. subject search, browse relevant journals, find referenced articles)
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Search
Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies
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Result list
Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies
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Detail view
Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies
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Extract from Result List
Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies
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Stratagems on the Desktop
– Subject Search– Journal/Conference Run– Author networks– Citation Search
Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies
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Author Networks
Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI
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Citation Search: Reference Tracking
Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies
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Evaluation of strategic support
Evaluation with 28 subjects
Methods: questionnaire, logging, video
Tasks of different complexity:
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Evaluation of strategic support
– Only for very simple tasks (known item retrieval), other methods may be faster
– Complex tasks are supported very effectively
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2. Proactive system support
Spell checking
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Proactivity during query formulation
Semantically inconsistent queries
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Proactivity during query formulation
Related Terms
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Usability studies
30 subjectsFocus on query formulation
Results:Users feel rather uncertain – submit the same query several times, – stare at the keyboard
Users ignore hints shown elsewhere on the desktop
Improvements through proactive functions:Fewer syntactical and semantic errorsBetter tactical decisionsUsers feel more confident
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Proactivity: Search continuation
Suggestions based on automatic analysis of current search result
Using case-based reasoning
Availability indicated by unobtrusive button at bottom
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Search continuation
Suggestions presented in ranked list
Descriptive title, explanation and score bar
Execute one or more suggestion and judge them
Icons indicate status of suggestion (executable, used, useful)
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Search continuation - evaluation
12 participants in pilot study, each spending 40-50 minutes with the systemCase base initially contained 25 cases (generic situations) and 16 solutions (suggestions)
Results:Search novices and casual users found suggestions on advanced tools most usefulExperienced users liked extraction of terms, authors, . . . from resultsMight have used tactics on their own, but advice helped them avoid trial-and-error
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Search continuation – evaluation II
24 participants, half of them supported each working on 3 tasks case base contained 30 cases
ResultsSupported users...
are more satisfied with the search process (p=0.067) are significantly more satisfied with the result find significantly more relevant documents use significantly more often Daffodil's advanced tools(unsupported users mainly concentrate on query reformulation)
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3. Digital library life cycle
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3. Digital library life cycle
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3. Digital library life cycle
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3. Digital library life cycle
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3. Digital library life cycle
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3. Digital library life cycle
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Collate – Personal library
Folder hierarchy (e.g. task-oriented)
Save all digital library objects • Document Metadata• Authors• Journals, Conferences• Hyperlinks• Query formulations • Fulltexts
Save own documents in the same folders• Papers• Presentations
Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present
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Personal Library
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Interpret: Annotations
Annotation of any object in the personal library(out-of-line/inline)
Annotations can be typed and nested
Retrieval of annotations(POLAR: Probabilistic Object Logic for Annotation Retrieval)
Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present
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Re-Present
(support generation of new information)
Export folders from personal library
Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present
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4. Collaboration
Personal
Group
Public
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New objects
• Filed by other users
• recommendation
Collation and awareness
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Collaborate interpretation
Annotation threads
Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present
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Collaboration: Chat-Tool
Help
Discussion
Object exchange
Ask an expert (Librarian)
Chatter-Bot
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5. Further ApplicationsEuropean National Libraries
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Application to Image and Music Retrieval
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Application to XML Retrieval
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XML Retrieval: INEX Interactive Track
Evaluation with 80 subjects from 10 research groups
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6. Summary and Outlook
Daffodil concepts:1. Strategic information access support
2. Proactive system support
3. Digital library life cycle
4. Collaboration
Successful evaluations for 1 and 2
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ezDL: Daffodil's successor
Redesign of Daffodil: more modular design more flexible more user-friendly interface extended logging support for user
experiments (e.g. eye tracking)
http://ezdl.de
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ezDL application
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Filtering of result list
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Sorting and Grouping of Results
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Alternative Result List Based on Hypergrid
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Result Clustering
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Tool Perspectives
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Results can be Printed or Copied to the Clipboard
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Supporting query formulation
• Spelling correction
• Suggestions with definitions
• Searching for disambiguated concepts
• Implicit information about users used for search
• Geo location and user language
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Visualizing results• Grouped
visualization of result list
• Groups predefined or chosen by users
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Visualizing results• Heterogeneous results
• Smart result items with visualization of performed actions
• Explanations and help on mouse-over
• Keyword highlighting for search or filter terms
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Visualizing details• Quick search
links for forward navigation
• HON labels help users evaluating suitability of results
• Access to fulltext
• Result snippets with hits highlighted
• Saving, exporting, printing directly from result view
• Visualization of frequent terms in document as term cloud with quick search links