dancesport adjudicating principles · 2018. 2. 13. · nzbdc – adjudicating principles version...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page1
New Zealand Ballroom Dance Council
DANCESPORTADJUDICATINGPRINCIPLESAdaptedbyNZBDCFrom,andwithpermissionoftheDSAAccreditationCommission
AdjudicatingPrinciples
![Page 2: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page2
IndexChapter1. Introduction 3. AimsoftheManual 4. Chapter2. EthicsandConductofAdjudicators 9. RolesandResponsibilities 9. Mentors 10. ChairmanofAdjudicators 12. Scrutineers 12. LicensingRequirements 14. Adjudicators'CodeofConduct 15. AdjudicatorDressCode 18. RulesInterpretation 18. RuleEnforcement 19.Chapter3. MarkingRequirements—AdjudicatorCards 21. Obligations--requirementsofSkatingSystem 21. “D”Markingprocedure 23. SampleAdjudicatorCards 25.Chapter4. Scrutineering–TheSkatingSystemexplained 27.Chapter5. AssessmentofCompetitors 30. PrioritiesofAssessment 31. TechnicalMeritasaBasisforAdjudicating 33.
![Page 3: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page3
Chapter1.
Introduction
Thecliché“IttakestwotoTango”(oranyotherdancewithintheconfinesofDanceSport)identifiestheactivityasa“TeamSport”.
InthisrespectDanceSportdiffersfrommostother“TeamSports”insomuchasasuccessfulpartnership,IRRESPECTIVEOFWHETHERITBEINStandard,LatinAmerican,NewVogueorClassicalSequence,isexpectedtoproduce,asageneralprinciple,asingleentity“performance”,whereasinTeamSportsgenerally,successisdependentuponacombinationoftheindividual(andgenerallysingular)activitiesoftheteammembers.
Aswell,withintherealmsof“TeamSports”,DanceSportisuniqueinsomuchasresultsaredetermineddirectlybythecollectivemarksoftheAdjudicatorsasopposedto“pointscoringdefinitiveactions”byindividualteammembers.
TheroleoftheDanceSportAdjudicatordiffersconsiderablyfromthatofthe“judgement”roleofthesportsRefereeorUmpirewhoseconcernisprimarilywiththe“rulesofplay”whereasthemarksoftheDanceSportAdjudicator(andultimatelythecollectivemarksofthepanel)directlyindicateanassessmentoftheparticularcompetitiveperformances.
Beingoutsidetheparametersofan“exact”science,aswithotherstylesofdanceorindeedany“judged”physicalactivity,DanceSportbecauseoftheimmeasurableorunquantifiableelementsinperformance,isbynecessityadjudicatedsubjectively.
InDanceSport,subjectivejudgingisassessmentbypersonalthoughtsandfeelings(gainedinthegreatmajorityofcasesfromcompetitiveand/orcoachingexperience)andbaseduponknowledgeandunderstandingofarangeoftechnicalandfundamentalprinciples.
WhilstanexperiencedAdjudicatormaypossesstheabilitytoquicklyassessthenecessaryingredientscollectivelyandmakeaninformeddecisioninashortspaceoftime,itisindeedadauntingtaskforthenewerorlessexperiencedAdjudicatorsincethereisnoprovisionofarequiredsetcriteriaorprocedurefortheweighting/prioritisingofthevariouselementstobeadheredto.
Itisundoubtedlythis“Judgingsystemscenario”thatistherootcauseofmanyoftheproblemswhichbesetDanceSportandwhichbreedssuspicionwhenlegitimateinconsistenciesbetweenAdjudicatorsmarkingsareobserved,andwhichinturnisoftenperceivedasbeingalackofneutralityinjudging.Thisperceptioninthevastmajorityofsuchinstancesisunfoundedandgenerallyforavarietyofreasons,factuallyincorrect.
Tohaveablueprintormethodologyrequiringcriteriainadjudicatingtobeappliedinawaythatisperceivedasbeingclearerandmoreeasilyunderstoodbycompetitorsandspectatorsalike,wouldundoubtedlybeviewedasbeing“theultimate”,howeversuchaproposal
![Page 4: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page4
wouldseemtosuggestthatallAdjudicators,atanygivenevent,wouldneedtobelikemindedforittobeeffectiveorevenworkable.
Unfortunatelygiventheimmeasurableandunquantifiableperformanceelementsinvolvedtogetherwithhumannaturebeingwhatitis,andtheformatgenerallyusedincompetitiveevents,thelikelihoodofsuchcollectivethinkingmoreoftenthannotishighlyimprobabledueinnoshortmeasuretothefactthatsuchnon-absolutequalitiesofstyle,movement,rhythmandpicturevalues(or“togetherness’”)bywayofexample,arecomprehendedinthemindandeyeoftheviewer.
Overtheyears,anumberofhighlyrespected,knowledgeableandveryexperiencedpeopleontheinternationalscene,haverecordedinprinttheirviews(prioritiesorcriteriaifyoulike)onvariousaspectsofadjudicating,sothereexistsaveryvaluableresourcefromwhicheducationalmaterialhasbeendrawnforinclusioninthismanual.
ItistheferventhopeoftheNZBDC,thatthispublicationwillassistandencouragebothnewandestablishedAdjudicatorsintheexecutionoftheirroleinthismostseriousandresponsiblepositionFORTHISISWHERESTANDARDSSHOULDBESET.
TheaimsofthisAdjudicatingPrinciplesManual
NZBDC’sAdjudicatingPrinciplesManualisdesignedtoprovide:-
• AclearunderstandingoftheroleandresponsibilitiesofAdjudicators.• AclearawarenessoftheNZBDCRulescurrentlyinforceastheyrelatetoboth
Adjudicatorsandtheadjudicatingprocess.• PracticalknowledgeandadviceontherequirementsoftheSkatingSystemof
Scrutineering,includingthemarkingofJudgingCards.• Adocumentofadviceexplainingthecomplexitiesofadjudicatingandwhichpresents
considerationsfortheprioritisingofelementsofassessmentandcomparativeanalysisofcompetitiveperformances.
ThemanualpresentsastandardapproachtotheeducationofDanceSportAdjudicators.
![Page 5: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page5
BasicPrinciplessupportingaDanceSportAdjudicatingsystemare:-
Transparency
Makingavailabledetailsoftheperformancecriteriathatistakenintoaccountinarrivingatajudgingresult.
ProvidingCompetitors,Spectators,Coaches,andDanceSportFanswithaccesstoinformation,which,eveniftheydon’tagreewithit,willhelptounderstandthereasoningforaparticularresult.
Neutrality
AccreditedAdjudicatorsmustnotonlybeconsistentandunbiased,theymustalsobeseentobeconsistentandunbiased.Theymustadjudicatewithoutprejudice,fearorfavouronwhatispresentedonthatoccasion,andnotallowthemselvestobeinfluencedbypreviousperformancesseenelsewhere,or(inthecaseofVisualJudging)byconcernsofdisagreementwiththepositionsgivenbyotherAdjudicatorsonthepanel.
Accountability
Preservationofintegrityisabsolutelyessential.AccreditedAdjudicatorsmustbeaccountablefortheirdecisionsand(baseduponrecognisablestandards)havethecourageoftheirconvictionsinadditiontobeingaccountablefortheirupholdingoftheNZBDCAdjudicatorsCodeofConduct.
COURSESTRUCTUREANDPERSPECTIVE
TheAdjudicatingPrinciplesCourseisaSelfStudyProgrammeascoveredbythecontentsofthismanualandwhilstitisprimarilydesignedfortheeducationofTraineeAdjudicators;existingaccreditedAdjudicatorsmaywellfindthecontentstobeofvaluewithContinuingProfessionalDevelopment.
Subjectmattercoveredbythecourseincludes:-
• ConductandethicalrequirementsforAdjudicators.• Fundamentalrulesandrestrictionsrelativetoage,gradeandsyllabusrequirements.• CompliancerequirementsoftheSkatingSystemastheyrelatetothemarkingof
Cards.• AnoverviewofthemechanicsoftheSkatingSystemofScrutineering.• TypicalexampleofJudgingCardsandhowtheyshouldbecompleted.• AssessmentofCompetitors,includingforconsideration,suggestedElementsof
Performance.• InformativenotestoassistwiththerecognitionofCorrectTechniqueandQualityof
Performance.
![Page 6: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page6
CHAPTER2.
ETHICSANDCONDUCTOFADJUDICATORS.
Theinformationinthischapterwillassistinpreparingthereaderto:-
• AppreciatethemanyissuessurroundingtheethicsandconductofAdjudicators• UnderstandtherolesandlicensingofAdjudicators,and• HaveagoodworkingknowledgeofDanceSportcompetitionrulesandtheir
application
INTRODUCTION
ItisdifficulttothinkofanothercompetitiveenvironmentwherethepositionofanAdjudicatorisascomplex,orperhapsascontroversialasthatofDanceSport.
ForExample
Thereisno“firstpastthepost”inDanceSport.Style,technique,musicality,andotherelementsofperformanceareallfactorsforconsiderationwhendeterminingtheallocationofwinnersandplacegetters.
Onthetechnicalside,notonlyisthereaneedforasoundtheoreticalunderstandingoffiguresforeachofthestylesinwhichtheywillbejudging,butAdjudicatorsmustalsobeabletoassesswithinaverylimitedtimeframe,meritsofhowroutinesarestructuredandperformedtomusic.
AnAdjudicatormustcomparetheperformancesofallthecouplesinvolved(thatis,ofboththemaleandfemale)ineachdancefromroundstofinals.
Spectatorsandthosewithoutappropriateexpertisewilltendtofirsttakeanoverviewofallonthefloor,butthenconcentrateonindividualperformances,suchasthoseofcouplestheyknoworthosewiththemostcrowdappeal.
ItalsohappensinDanceSportthatmostAdjudicators,whoarealsocoaches,oftenjudgecompetitionsinwhichtheirstudentscompete.ItcanalsohappenthatsomeAdjudicatorshaveallegiancestoTeachingStudios.
![Page 7: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page7
RolesandResponsibilities
Putsimply,anAdjudicator’sroleistoensureallcompetitorsarejudged(freefromanybiasorcoercion)onthemeritsoftheirperformanceonanygivenoccasion.PriortodirectinganissuetotheattentionoftheChairman,Adjudicatorsshouldensurethat
• Thefactsofthematterareclear,andthat• Theyarenotjustmattersofopinionandarenotfrivolous.
Itisalife-longchallengetogain,andthenmaintain,expertiseasanAdjudicator.Youneedtoaspiretothefollowing:-
SkillsofanexperiencedAdjudicator
• In-depthknowledgeandunderstandingofstylespecifictechniqueasdescribedinapproved/acceptedtexts.
• KnowledgeandunderstandingofNZBDCSyllabusrequirementsrelativetoeachstyle• Previouscompetitorand/orcoachingexperienceareadistinctadvantage.• Attentiontodetailandabroadperspectiveofwhatconstitutesa“gooddancer”• Abilitytoassessandmarkcompetitorsperformancebyageandrelativedegreeof
competence• Speed.accuracyandneatnessofcardmarkingwhilestilldevotingmaximumtime
availabletoobservecompetitors(thesameprinciplesapplywhenusingelectronicmarkingdevices).
PersonalattributesofanexperiencedAdjudicator.
• Keenawarenessofresponsibilities• Wellrespectedforfairness,honesty,impartialityandknowledge• Consistencyinmarking• Goodmemory• Balancedviewandopenmind• StrengthofCharacter• Wellgroomedandappropriatelydressed• Respectedbycompetitors,parents,coaches,andotherAdjudicators• Personalconductalwaysabovereproach• Reliableandhardworking• Goodrolemodel
So,asaninexperiencedAdjudicator,whatarethemostimportantattributesyouneedtodevelopfromdayoneinordertopursueasuccessfulcareer,andaddresssomeoftheobstacleslistedpreviously?
![Page 8: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page8
Commitmenttocontinuingeducation,developmentandenhancementofoursport,andanethicalandmoralcodeofbehaviourthatisabovereproach.
Mentor
TheaimistoprovidenewandTraineeAdjudicatorswithanexperiencedAdjudicatorasarolemodeltohelp/guidethemthroughtheirearlyexperiences.
OnceaTraineeAdjudicatorhascompletedtheTechnicalAssessmentandthatoftheAdjudicatingPrinciplesCourse,theyshouldcontacttheirprofessionalassociationorNZBDCtoseekamutuallyacceptableMentortoguidethemthroughthefinalPracticeModuleoftheaccreditationprocess.
AlthoughtheChairmanofAdjudicatorsmayprovideMentoringtoTraineeAdjudicators,adedicatedMentorisbetterplacedtofulfilthisrole.
TheroleoftheMentoristoguideandsupervisenewapplicantsthroughthePracticeModuleoftheaccreditationprocess(thatis,attendanceandparticipationatanumberofNZBDCregisteredevents).ItispreferablethatthesamepersonbetheMentoroneachoccasion.MentorsarepreferablyClassAChampionshipqualified.Ascrutineeringqualificationwouldalsobeanadvantage,butnotessentialforthisposition.
IdeallyanappointedMentorwillnothavehadanypreviousaffiliationwiththeassignedTrainee.Itisoftheutmostimportancethatthecredibilityoftheaccreditationprocessbemaintained.
MentorResponsibilities
• Providea“Walk-through”withtheTraineeofthepracticalcomponentofcertification,includingpaperworkrequired,proceduresandassessmentcriteria
• AgreetoascheduleofcompetitiveeventsthattheTraineewillattend,andadvisetheNZBDCaccordingly
• Obtainpriorapprovaloforganisersofthenominatedevents,oftheintentiontocarryoutpracticeadjudication.Note:practiceadjudicationmustnotbeundertakenatNationalChampionships.
• ThenumberofappropriateeventstobejudgedbytheTraineeonanyoneoccasion(coveringbothRoundsandFinals)mustbenotlessthan10.
• ProvideTraineewithclearlyidentifiedcardsforHeatsandFinals• Pre-arrangewiththeOrganiserorChairmanofAdjudicators,provisionofresults
fromselectedevents• CompareTrainee’smarkingwithofficialresults• Requestreasoningforspecificmarkinganddiscussifnecessary• CompleteawrittenassessmentoftheTrainee• Provideadviceandansweranyquestionsregardingeacheventbeingassessed,
includingcounsellingontheTrainee’sperformancethatmaynotbesatisfactory.Clearlyidentifysuchproblems,explainthereasoningandadviseremedialaction.
![Page 9: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page9
• SignoffTrainee’sAdjudicatingAccreditationforthePracticeModuleoncealleventshavebeencompleted,attachingacopyofthewrittenassessments.TheapplicantmustforwardthecompleteddocumentationtoNZBDCforconsiderationoffinalcertification.
ChairmanofAdjudicators
ArguablyoneofthemostcriticalrolesinDanceSportisthatoftheChairmanofAdjudicators.AlongwiththeScrutineertheirroleispivotaltotheperceptionoffairnessintheachievementofbestcompetitiveresults.
Asageneralruleofpractice,organisersofDanceSporteventsappointaChairmanofAdjudicatorsintheknowledgethatthequalityandeffectivenessofthepersonsoappointedcontributesinnosmallwaytotheoverallmanagementandsuccessoftheevent.ItisdesirablethattheOrganisingManageroftheeventisnotalsotheChairmanofAdjudicators.Whendeterminingactiontobetakeninregardtodisputes,interpretationsorquestionsthatmaybebroughttohis/herattention,theChairmanofAdjudicatorsisoftenobligedtoconsider,inadditiontotheNZBDCRulesofDancesport,therightsofeventpromoters,theinterestsofspectatorsandthoseoftheadjudicatorsandcompetitors.
Duties:ChairmanofAdjudicators&Scrutineers.
TheChairmanofAdjudicatorsisresponsibleforthecorrectinterpretationofthemarksandformakingdecisionsonpointsofquestion/conflictthatariseduringtheconductofevents.Itishis/herdutytoinspectthemarksandtoensurethecorrectimplementationofthedisqualificationrule.Itisalsohis/herdutytoinspectthemarkingsheetsaftereachroundandtoagreewiththeorganiserthenumberofcouplestopassforwardtothenextround.
TheChairmanofAdjudicatorsshallagreewiththeorganiserthenumberofheatsineachroundofcompetition,andthenumberofcouplesinafinal.TheChairmanmaylimitthenumberofcouplesinanyheatorinthefinal,ifitisbelievedthereshallbeanydangertothehealthandsafetyofthecouplesfromovercrowding.
TheChairmanofAdjudicatorsmayserveinanon-votingcapacitybutmustbeaqualifiedAdjudicatorandholdaScrutineersqualificationrecognisedbytheNZBDC.ThereisanexceptiontothisrequirementatClassBcompetitions,whereitmaynotbepossibletoappointsomeonewithscrutineeringqualificationsandanelectronicscrutineeringsystemisbeingemployed(referNZBDCRulesofCompetition).
Onrequest,theChairmanofAdjudicatorsmayberequiredtoforwardtotheNZBDC,ashortreportofthechampionshipatwhichhe/shehasofficiated.Thisreportmustalsostatethenumberofcompetitorsandapproximateattendancefigures.
![Page 10: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page10
TheHeadScrutineermustholdaScrutineerQualificationrecognisedbytheNZBDCandisresponsibleforthecorrectrecordingofthemarks.Itishis/herdutytoensurethecorrectimplementationofthedisqualificationrule.IfthereareanymattersrelatingtothemarkingofAdjudicatorcardsthatrequireattention,theScrutineeristoensurethattheChairmanofAdjudicators(orinhis/herabsence,theOrganiser)ismadeawareofsuchmatters.TheChairmanwillthenberequiredtodealwiththeissueasgovernedbyNZBDCCompetitionrules.Anexamplewouldbetheissueof“D”marking.ItisthedutyoftheChairmanofAdjudicators,(ortheScrutineeronhis/herbehalf)toimmediatelyrefertotheAdjudicatorconcerned,anymarkingcardthathasapalpableerrororomission,orthatisnotlegible.
AScrutineermustnotalsoactasChairmanofAdjudicators.
OnlytheChairmanofAdjudicatorsandScrutineersshallhaveaccesstothemarksuntiltheyarehandedovertotheorganiser,andthosemarksshallbeembargoedforsuchfurthertimeasgovernedbyNZBDCCompetitionrules.
ChairmanofAdjudicatorswillasageneralruleofpractice:
• Priortothecommencementoftheevent,calltogetheralltheAdjudicatorsinordertoprovidedetailsoftheAdjudicatorsresponsibilitiesandduties,outlineappropriateconduct,answerquestionsandprovideacomplaints/queriesprocesstofollow.
ItisincumbentupontheChairmanofAdjudicatorsto:-
• EnsurethatallNZBDCCompetitionrulesareenforcedwithoutfearorfavour,fairlyandconsistentlythroughout,includingmusicandtempi,restrictionsonsyllabus,gradeanddressandcodesofconductforcompetitors,coachesandadjudicators
• Ensurethatthescrutineeriscompetentandefficient,andknowsthattheymustimmediatelyadvisetheChairmanofany“D”markingsonadjudicatorcards,whetherforselectionsorfinals,sothattheChairmancandiscusstheinfringementwiththecouple(s)concerned.
• Overseeallevents,sothattheycanbeinapositiontomakeadecisionshouldany“D”markingorothercontentiousissuesarise.Iftheyhavenotwitnessedanissueleadingtoa“D”marking,theyshouldaccepttheAdjudicator’smarkingandfollowdueprocess.(“D”markingisdealtwithindetailinChapter3).
• ImmediatelyremoveanAdjudicatorfromthepaneluponwitnessingabreachoftheAdjudicatorsCodeofConduct,orwhereitisbelievedaconflictofinterestmayoccur.
• Remainimpartialatalltimes.• ProvidedirectionandguidancetoAdjudicators,particularlynewonesortrainees.A
postcompetitionreviewmaybeofferedtodiscussAdjudicatorperformance,issuesthataroseandactiontobetaken,andsuggestedareasofimprovement.
• IfrequestedbyNZBDC,prepareawrittenreportonanyissuearisingandactiontaken,orrequiredtobetaken,andsubmittotheNZBDC.
![Page 11: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page11
LICENSINGREQUIREMENTS
AllAdjudicatorsinanyeventconductedunderNZBDCjurisdictionmustholdacurrent,validNZBDCAdjudicatorLicenceunlessspecificallyexemptedunderNZBDCrules.
TheissuingofanAdjudicatorLicencetoanapplicantisnotmandatory.NZBDCreservestherightatitsabsolutediscretiontodeclineanapplicationforanAdjudicator’sRegistration.NZBDCreservestherighttosuspend,cancelorpermanentlywithdrawtheAdjudicatingRegistrationofanypersonwhohasgrosslybreachedtheCodeofConductforAdjudicators,orwhoisfoundtobenotafitandproperpersontoadjudicateDanceSportevents.
ApersonsuspendedorexpelledfromRegistrationwithNZBDC,orwhorefusesRegistrationwithNZBDC,orwhorefusestocorrectlycompletetheNZBDCRegistrationapplication/renewalform,orwhorefusestopaythecorrectcombinedRegistrationfeeshallnotbeseparatelygrantedAdjudicatorsRegistration.
ThepurposeoftheRegistrationfeeistoensureautomaticRegistrationforalllicensedAdjudicators,therebyensuringthatNZBDChastheappropriateauthoritytogoverntheaffairsoftheDanceSportfraternity,andtoensurethatNZBDCremainsrepresentativeofthemajorityoftheDanceSportfraternity.
AnAdjudicator’sRegistrationisnotineffectuntilthelicensee’sregistrationisrecordedontheNationalDataBaseforthecurrentperiod.
AdjudicatorsareonlypermittedtojudgeinthestylesandatthelevelcoveredbytheircurrentRegistrationandcurrentlevelofaccreditation,exceptforspecialcircumstances,asmaybeapprovedbytheNZBDC.
RegisteredAdjudicatorsmayadvertiseorpublicisethefactthattheyholdsuchNZBDCRegistration.
ItisaconditionofholdinganAdjudicatorsRegistrationthat:-
• TheAdjudicatorsCodeofConductisadheredtoatalltimes.• ANZBDCRegisteredAdjudicatorshouldnotacceptnominationtojudgeor
participateinanAdjudicatingPanelataproscribedunregisteredevent.• AnAdjudicatorshallnotparticipateinorprovidesupportorcooperationtoany
combination,organisationorindividualsseekingtoundermineNZBDC’sroleasthegoverningbodyforDanceSportinNewZealand.
• QuestionsrelativetoAdjudicatorRegistrationorRegistrationproceduresshouldbeaddressedtotheSecretary,NZBDC.
![Page 12: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page12
THEADJUDICATORS’CODEOFCONDUCT
AsoutlinedearlierintheManual,therearemanyinherentconditionsinDanceSportthatrenderanAdjudicator’srolebothdifficultandcontroversial.Unfortunately,inthepastmanyofthesefactorscouldalsocloakineptitudeorimproperconduct.Therehasbeenarealperceptionthatlittlewas“seentobedone”tocorrectanomalies,andifactionwastakentheresultswerenotgenerallyvisibletoall.
NZBDCCodesofConductandDisciplinaryActionswerecreatedtomakeitcleartoall,whatisexpectedofAdjudicatorsandwhatthepenaltiesarefortheirflagrantdisregard.(GenerallyAppendix9oftheNZBDCRulesofDancesportrevolvearoundprovidingAdjudicatorswithguidelinestoavoidbehaviour,whichcouldbeperceivedbya“reasonableperson”,asbeingunethical,improperorbiased).
Theconsequencesofbreachingtheserulesmayleadtodisciplinaryactionand/orexpulsion.
AnewAdjudicatormusthaveasoundknowledgeandunderstandingoftheseRulesandbepersonallycommittedtothetypeofconductandethicalstandardsthatwillholduptopublicscrutiny.AnAdjudicatorwhoconstantlystrivestowardsachievingtheattributesofthe“IdealAdjudicator”willhavenoconcernswithmeetingtheirobligationsundertheCode.
Rulesofcoursearealwaysopentointerpretation,however,itisexpectedthatthespiritandtheintentbealwaysobserved.InadditiontoitemsspeltoutintheRules,thefollowingareexamplesofbehaviourthatthisCodewasdesignedtoavoid.
DuringthecourseofanyDanceSportevent,aparticipatingAdjudicatorshouldnot:-
• Arrivelate• DrinkAlcohol• Offeropiniononacompetitors’attire,mannerorperformance• Makeremarksaboutanindividuals’age,sex,religion,physicalattributes,culture• Dressinappropriately(DressCodedetailsfollow)• Engageinsecretiveconversations,swearoruseunacceptablelanguage• Trytocoverupmistakes,orfailtoaskforhelpwhenrequired• Leavethefloorbeforecompletionoftheeventbeingadjudicated• Beinfluencedbytheexpectationsofpeers,competitors,organisersorparents• Criticisemembersofthedancefraternity.• Demonstrateanger,frustrationorirritability• MarkcontrarytoanyDanceSportRules.
FailuretomeettheserequirementscouldleadtoareportbeingsubmittedtotheNZBDC.
![Page 13: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page13
ThefollowingistakenfromtheNZBDCRulesofDancesportasatJune2017
Appendix9AJUDICATORSCODEOFCONDUCT1. Thefollowingconductshallconstituteabreachoftheadjudicator’scodeofconduct:
1.1. KnowinglycommittingorconnivinginanybreachofNZBDCRules1.2. Notretiringfromthepanelofaneventonanyoccasionhe/shehasamemberofhis/herimmediateand/orextendedfamilyincludingdefactoandsamegenderrelationshipscompetinginthatevent1.3. Misrepresentinghis/heradjudicator’squalificationlevelorexperience1.4. Makingafalsestatementinrelationtohis/heradjudicator’sregistration1.5. Threateningtomarkacoupleinaparticularway,soastogainsomeadvantageforhimself/herselforforsomethirdparty,orsoastocoercethecoupleintodoingorrefrainingfromdoingsomeact.1.6. Threateningacoupleduringtheconductingofaneventheisjudgingandinwhichthecouplearecompeting,includingthreateningtomarkacoupleinaparticularway.1.7. Coaching,teaching,orgivingadvicetoaparticularcoupleduringaneventthatheisjudging1.8. Seekingbyanymeanstoimproperlyinfluenceorintimidateanotheradjudicator1.9. Whereheisnotonthejudgingpanelforanevent,discussingwithanadjudicatorwhoisonthejudgingpanelforthatevent,themeritsoftheperformanceofacompetitorinthatevent,beforethecompletionofthefinalround1.10. Discussingthemeritsofacompetitorsperformancewiththecompetitorbeforethecompletionofthefinalroundinaneventwhichhe/sheisjudging1.11. Seekingtoinfluencetheoutcomeofaneventotherthanbythemarkingofallcouplesontheirmerits1.12. Markingorthreateningtomarkacoupleotherthanontheirmerits1.13. Undertakinganyconductthatisintendedtogainacompetitoranunfairadvantageoverothercompetitors1.14. FalselyclaimingtoofficiallyrepresentNZFDTInc.,SATD(NZ)Inc.orNZBDCinanycapacity1.15. Condoningdiscriminatoryorimproperbehaviourbyafellowadjudicator1.16. Participatingonajudgingpanelknowingthatanothermemberofthepanelhashadtheirregistrationsuspended,withdrawnorisnotregisteredwithNZBDC1.17. Participatingonajudgingpanelforaproscribedunregisteredevent1.18. OtherwiseactinginsuchawayastobringtheimageofNZFDTInc,SATD(NZ)Inc,NZBDCand/orDancesportgenerallyintodisrepute
2. Ifanadjudicatorconverseswithspectators,competitorsorcoaches,hemaynotdiscusstheperformanceofanycoupleheisjudging,untilafterthefinalroundhasbeencompleted
3. Adjudicatorsareremindedthattheyoccupyapositionoftrustintheircapacityasanadjudicator.Accordingly,ahigherstandardofbehaviourisrequiredofadjudicatorsthanallotherpersons,beforeduringandaftertheconductofeventstheyarejudging3.1. Anadjudicator’sbehaviourbothonandoffthedancefloormustbeconsistentwiththeprinciplesofgoodsportsmanship.3.2. AnAdjudicatormustnotbehaveinaquestionableorunseemlymannerinpublicoratanyDancesportrelatedfunctionoroccasionwheremembersofthepublic(includingspectatorsandmedia)arepresentinanycapacity
4. AnAdjudicatormustbeconsistent,objectiveandneutralinhisdecisions.Biasedjudgingunderminesthewholebasisofcompetition
5. AnAdjudicatormustbemeticulousinpenalisingdangerousand/orviolentbehaviour.6. AnAdjudicatormustnotpubliclyquestionhisfellowadjudicatorsjudgementandnevertheir
honesty.
![Page 14: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page14
7. AdjudicatorsinvitedbyOrganiserstoAdjudicateatNZBDCregisteredcompetitionsarerequiredtobeseatedtogetherthroughouttheperiodofthecompetition,inanareaspecificallysetasideforAdjudicators.WiththepermissionoftheOrganiserand/ortheCOAtheAdjudicatormayleavetheassignedareaatthecompletionoftheirAdjudicationdutiesoratothertimesdeemedappropriatebytheOrganiserand/ortheCOA.ItisnotacceptablepracticeforAdjudicators,duringthecompetition,tobeseatedamongthegeneralpublicandorcompetitors.
8. AdjudicatorsmustfollowtherecommendedprotocolsoftheOrganiserand/ortheCOAintheinterestsofProfessionalismandthesmoothrunningofthecompetition.AnyfailurebyanAdjudicatortofollowtherequirementsoftheOrganiserand/ortheCOAmayresultintheirexclusionfromthejudgingpanels.
AdjudicatorsareremindedthattheyoccupyapositionoftrustintheircapacityasanAdjudicator.Accordingly,ahigherstandardofbehaviourisrequiredofthemaboveallotherpersons,before,duringandaftertheconductofeventsthatareadjudicating.
Adjudicatorsarerequiredtocomplywiththefollowingconductsoastoupholdthehigheststandardsofbehaviour:-
• AnAdjudicator’sbehaviourbothonandoffthecompetitionfloormustbeconsistentwiththeprinciplesofgoodsportsmanship.AnAdjudicatormustnotbehaveinaquestionableorunseemlymannerinpublicoratanyDanceSportrelatedfunctionoroccasionwheremembersofthepublic(includingspectatorsandthemedia)arepresentinanycapacity.
AnAdjudicatormust:
• Beconsistent,objectiveandneutralinhis/herdecisions.Biasedadjudicatingunderminesthewholebasisofcompetition.
• Bemeticulousinpenalisingdangerousand/orviolentbehaviour.• Notpubliclyquestionhis/herfellowAdjudicator’sjudgementandnevertheir
honesty.CommentsofthisnatureshouldbereferredtoNZBDCforfurtherenquiry• Beadisinterestedobserveroftheperformanceofcoupleshe/shetrainsorcoaches
whenadjudicatingeventsinwhichtheyareparticipating.• Maintainanddevelophis/heradjudicatingskillsbykeepinghimself/herselfinformed
ondevelopmentsintechnique,style,andsoundadjudicatingprinciples.InthisregardAdjudicatorsshouldcheckregularlyonthecurrentrequirementsoftheNZBDC.
WhereanAdjudicatorisjudgingacouplewhonolongerengagehis/herservicesasacoach,theAdjudicatormustbeontheirguardagainstadjudicatingthecouplebymeasuringhis/herownworthasacoachagainstthatofthecouples’currentcoach.
Inapplyinghis/herknowledge,experienceandskilltothecriteriathattheAdjudicatorusesinforminghis/herassessments,thefollowingshalldemonstratecompliancewiththeAdjudicatorsCodeofConduct.
![Page 15: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page15
• Techniqueandcompetitionrulesbeinginterpretedtomatchtheageandskilllevelofthecompetitors.
• Commonsensebeingusedtoensurethatthespiritofcompetitionisnotlostbyanunnecessary,idiosyncraticordogmaticinterpretationofstyle.
ItisabasicrequirementfortheholdingoftheAdjudicatorsLicence,thatanyAdjudicatorengagedtojudgeataneventshallonarrivalatthevenue:-
• Reporthis/herpresencetotheOrganiserandChairmanofAdjudicators.• AscertaintheprogramdetailstogetherwiththeirAdjudicatingSchedule.• Beavailableasscheduled.
Duringtheconductofacompetition,theAdjudicatorsonthejudgingpanelshall:-
• Standapartorbeseatedapartfromoneanotherwhilstadjudicating,andatsuchlocationsthattheydonotinterferewiththecompetitors
• Movetowhateverpositionisnecessarytoviewallofthecouples.• Judgeindependentlyandnotcomparenoteswith(orshowtheircardto)other
Adjudicators• Markandsigntheirscorecardsinink,includingtheiridentificationcodeif
applicable.TheAdjudicatormustinitialeachandeveryalterationtothescorecard• WhereelectronicmarkingisutilisedkeeptheirPINcodesecretandsubmitmarksas
soonastheyhavefinishedjudging• Immediatelyleavethefloorafterthecompetitors(exceptwhererotatingpanelsare
involved
Dependinguponthesizeofthepromotion,Adjudicatorswillgenerallybeadvisedofanytimeconstraintsinrelationtolengthofmusic,howeverifandwhenitisfoundnecessarytorequestmoremusicinordertocompleteassessmenttheusualpracticeistoclearlyindicatetothecomperebyraisingoneshand.LikewiseitcanbeofgreatassistancetoacompereforAdjudicatorstoindicatewhentheirassessmentiscomplete---theusualpracticehereistosimplyloweronesfolder(ortablet)totheside.
DRESSCODE
Personalpresentationmustalwaysbeapriority.TherecommendeddresscodeforAdjudicatorsunlessspecifiedbytheeventorganiserisasfollows:-
MaleDaytime:LoungeSuitandTie
Evening:LoungeSuitandTie,or,DinnerSuit/TuxedoandBowTie
FemaleDaytime:SmartDaywear
Evening:Smarteveningwear,longeveningorcocktaildress/Eveningtrousersuit
![Page 16: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page16
InterpretationoftheRules
Exploitationoftherulesbyindividuals,toeitheravoidtheirresponsibilitiesasAdjudicators,ortobeusedbyotherstoadverselycriticiseanAdjudicatorforanunavoidablebreachisnotwhatisintended.Examplesofthisareasfollows.
Whenasituationariseswhereduetovenuesize,thereisnoroomforAdjudicatorstostandapart:AlthoughthiscouldbeseenasabreachofAppendix9(NZBDCRulesofDancesport),undersuchcircumstancesitdoesnotautomaticallyimplytheAdjudicatorhasdonesomethingrequiringdisciplinaryaction.Ifhowevertheyusedthecloseproximitytodeliberatelyinterruptacompetitors’performance,orcomparecardswithotherAdjudicators,abreachofItemAppendix9(NZBDCRulesofDancesport),disciplinaryactionwouldbewarranted.
BecauseanAdjudicatorconverseswithspectatorsitshouldnotbeassumedthattheyarebreachingarule–therulesarenotdesignedtoeliminatecommonpleasantries.But,anyprolongeddiscussionswithcompetitors,parents,coachesorotherAdjudicatorsareboundtocreatesuspicion(whetherfoundedorunfounded),particularlyifitseemstheyare“inacorner”orawayfrompublicview,andshouldbeavoided.Ifthesubjectmatterisinanywayconfidential,evenifnotrelatedtodancing,acompetitionorchampionshipisneitherthetimenorplace.
WhileanAdjudicatormaynothavedirectlythreatenedtomarkacoupleinaparticularway,anythreattocoercethecoupleintodoingorrefrainingfromdoingsomeact,ordesignedtodisruptthecouples’abilitytoperform,isclearlyunconscionableconduct.
Anexamplewouldbeathreatmadetoacoupletomarkdownacompetingfamilymember.AlthoughnotabreachofNZBDCRules,itisdefinitelyagainstthespiritandintentoftherules,andmorallyandethicallywrong.
Anychoiceoflanguagetoveilathreatisstillathreat.e.g.,“Ionceknewacouplelikeyourselvesbutunfortunatelytheyfailedtolistentogoodadvice”.IfanAdjudicator,eitherpriortoorduringacompetitionorchampionship,deliveredthesewordstheyareinappropriate,andlikelytobeconstruedasathreat.
Adjudicatorsarerequiredtoapplycommonsensetoavoidunnecessary,idiosyncraticordogmaticinterpretationofstyle.ThiscannotbeusedbyanAdjudicatortofailto“D”markcompetitorswhointentionallybreachrulerestrictions.ForExample,acouplereleasesholdinNewVoguewheretheapprovedtextbooksstatethatitshouldbeaclosedhold.EveniftheAdjudicatorpersonallythinksthatitlooksbetter—failingto“D”markonthatbasisisincorrect–notethatthereisreasonablerelaxationofholdsatallagedivisionsandgradesinNewVogueundertheNZBDCrules.
ClarificationofRulesshouldbesoughtfromtheChairmanofAdjudicators,oryourMentor.
![Page 17: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page17
![Page 18: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page18
RuleEnforcement
TherearetwomajorissuesforyouasanAdjudicatortoremember.
• YoumustknowandcomplywithallNZBDCrules.Youcannotarbitrarilydecidewhichrulesyouwillcomplywithandwhichyouwillignoreorbreach.LikeallNZBDCRegistrants,ifanyAdjudicatorfeelsanyruleisunfairorunworkable,commentsorsuggestionsshouldbesenttotheNZBDC.
• Reasonableexplanationsastoconductormarkingsmustbegiven,ifsorequestedbytheChairmanofAdjudicatorsorNZBDC.
Adjudicatorsareappointedbecauseoftheirprofessionalandtechnicalcompetence.StatingthatacouplewasmarkedinaparticularplacingbecausetheAdjudicatorthoughttheydidn’tdancewelloritwasthoughtanothercoupledancedbetter,wouldnotbeconsidereda“reasonable”explanation.Competenceormotiveswouldbethoughtquestionableifamoresubstantialexplanationcouldnotbesupplied.
Widevariationsinmarkinginthemselvesdonotindicateineptorcorruptconduct.NotwoAdjudicatorsseeexactlythesamethingsatthesametimeforthetotalofanyoneevent.
IfyouweretomarkacouplelastbecauserightinfrontofyouthemandancedincorrectfootworkintheNaturalTurninWaltzoraReverseTurnandFeatherFinishinSlowFoxtrotorworsestillthecouplewereoutoftimewiththemusic,whichinyourviewmadethemperformworsethanothercouples,thiswouldbea“reasonable”explanation.
ParticularlyinyourearlydaysasanAdjudicator,taketheopportunitiestodiscusswithyourMentororChairmanofAdjudicatorshowtheywouldhavemarkedwhattheysawandwhytheywouldmarkinaparticularway.
![Page 19: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page19
CHAPTER3.
MARKINGREQUIREMENTS----ADJUDICATORCARDS
Theinformationcontainedinthischapterwillassistinpreparingthereaderto:-
• Understandtherequirementsfortheuseofarangeofadjudicatingcards,and• Understandapplicationoftherulesrelatingtoinfringementofunacceptable
practicesbycouplesinacompetitionorchampionship.
TheAdjudicators’expertise,particularlyinthetechnicalarena,isthemainattributedistinguishingtheirdecisionsfromtheopinionsofalayperson.
Speedandaccuracyofcardmarkingisessentialinadditiontovalidcompetitorassessment.Thisdoesnotmeanthatyoushouldstartmarkingyourcardbeforethemusicstartsorthatyoumustmakerushedjudgements.Theprocessofselection(inrounds)andallocationofplacings(infinals)isopentopersonalpreferences(basedonacquiredknowledge)andtheAdjudicatormustmakeaquickbutaccuratejudgement.
Professionalreputationshouldbeofultimateimportance.Alwaysmarkperformancesonhowyouseethemnotasyoumightthinkotherswouldexpectyoutomark.
AdjudicatingCards.
Samplesoftypicaladjudicatingcardsaretobefoundattheendofthischapter.
Asageneralprinciple(anddependinguponthesizeoftheevent),adjudicationcardsareusuallypreparedinadvanceshowingamongstotherthing,theEventNo.andifappropriate,thenumberofcouplestoberecalled.AnychangestorecallrequirementswillbeannouncedbytheChairmanofAdjudicatorsortheCompere.
Incaseswherecardsarenotpreparedinadvance,besuretoalwaysinsert(attheveryleast)theEventNumber,thedance(s)andyouridentificationsymbol.
Whereelectronicmarkingisutilised,adjudicatorsstillneedtobemindfulthatchangesmaybenecessarytotheinformationontheirtablets,forexampleacoupleenterthefloorotherthanfromthemarshallingareaandhavenothadtheirnumberscannedintothesystem.Adjudicatorsshouldcontinuetoassessthecompetitorsandrememberwhattheyintendforthemissingcouplenumber–thescrutineerswillupdatethetabletorthecomperemayrequestadjudicatorsto“refresh”whenthecorrectedinformationisavailable.
![Page 20: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page20
ObligationsofAdjudicators.---RequirementsoftheSkatingSystem.
Rules1to4ofthe“SkatingSystem”(theprocessofassessingthecollectivemarksoftheAdjudicators)setoutobligatoryrequirementstobeobservedwhenmarkingcards.
Rule1.AppliestotheRoundsuptoandincludingtheSemiFinal/QualifyingRound.
Ineachroundoftheevent,thenumberofcouplestobepassedforwardtothenextroundshallbenominatedbytheChairman(inpracticeusually2/3andpreferablynotlessthan50%ofthetotalnumberofcouples)andeachadjudicatormustvoteaccordingly.
ItmustbeunderstoodthatuntilcompletionoftheSEMI-FINAL,AdjudicatorsaremerelyVOTINGineachround,forthecoupleswhomtheyconsiderareworthyoffurtherconsiderationinthefollowinground.THEYDONOTNECESSARILYMARKTHECOUPLESINORDEROFMERIT.
WhenaRoundinvolvesmorethanoneheat,thenumberofcouplesselectedfromeachheattomakeuptherequiredvote,ISATTHEDISCRETIONOFTHEINDIVIDUALADJUDICATOR.AllthatmattersisthateachAdjudicatorvotesineachdanceforthenumberofcouplesrequiredoverthewholeround.Soallornocouplesinaheatmayberecalled.
Rules2to4RelatetotheAdjudicators’markingofCardsintheFINALROUND.
Rule2.EachAdjudicatorshallplacethecompetingcouplesinorderofmeritineachdance.
Rule3.TheorderofmeritestablishedbyeachAdjudicatorshallbeindicatedby1forfirst,2forsecond,etc.
Rule4.ItisnotpermissibleforanAdjudicatortotiecouplesforanyplaceinthefinalinanydance.
Repechage
Therepechagesystemisamethodoforganisingtherecallrequirementsintheinitialroundofaneventthatensuresallparticipantstheopportunityofdancingatleasttwice.ItinnowayvariesfromtherequirementsofRule1.;ineffectitcreatesa“secondchance”roundforcouplesthatwerenotselectedtopasstothenextround.
BYWAYOFEXAMPLE:48couplescompeteinRound1,12couplesareselectedtopasstoRound3,theremaining36couplescompeteagain(asRound2–the“repechage“round)fromwhichafurther12couplesareselectedtocompeteinRound3.
WhenusingtheRepechagesystem,apartfromtherequirementtohaveanoverallrecallofnotlessthan50%oftheoriginalentry(towhateffectivelybecomesthethirdroundoftheevent),thereisnospecificrequirementregardingthenumberofcouplestoberecalledfromaroundorarepechageround.
![Page 21: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page21
Generalobligations.
• Cardsmustbesigned.• Cardsmustbelegible.• ChangesshouldbeclearlymadeandinitialledbytheAdjudicator.• Markonlytherequirednumberofcouplestopassforwardtothenextround.• MarkallcouplesinFinals.
Markinglessthantherequirednumbermaybedeprivingacoupleofaplaceinthenextround.IfmorethantherequiredquantityismarkedthentheScrutineerwillonlytakethefirstrequiredsetofnumbersfromthecard.
Somecomputerisedscrutineeringprogramswillonlyacceptthespecifiednumberofcouplesrequiredwhileothersincorporatingascanningdevicewillnotacceptcardswithexcessselections,whichmustthenbereturnedtotherespectiveAdjudicatorforamendment.
• Insituationswherecardshavenotbeenpreparedinadvancewithprintednumbers,takecaretorecordacouples’numberonthecardonlyonce.
IfthecardismarkedincorrectlyparticularlyinFinals,theChairmanofAdjudicatorswillreturnthecardforcorrection.Occasionallyinatightlypackedprogramscheduleitcanhappenthatacorrectionisfoundnecessaryandcalledfortwoorthreeeventslater.ThiscansometimesbenotonlyextremelyembarrassingfortheAdjudicatorbutaswell,grosslyunfairifrecollectionisnotaccurate.
“D”MarkingProcedure.
CompetitorsinallgradesofJuvenileeventsand“Level1”eventsinallotheragedivisionsarenotpermittedtousefiguresoutsideofthosecontainedintheRestrictedSyllabussetbyNZBDC.
AdjudicatorsaretobefullyconversantwiththecontentsoftheRestrictedSyllabusandanyothercompetitionperformancerulessuchasthe“GuidelinesinNewVogueDancing”whichmayapplyfromtimetotime.
ThedocumentsreferredtohereareincludedintheAppendicessectionofthisManual.
Ifaninfringementofsuchrulesiswitnessed,itmustbenotedonthejudgingcardbymarking“D”againstthenumberofthecoupleconcernedevenifthisincludesthecouplesforselectionintothenextround.
AtthetimeofpublicationofthisManual,theprecedingparagraphsoutlinethecurrentrequirementsunderNZBDCrules,however(andwhilstnotremovinganyonusofcompliance)recognisingthetaskforAdjudicatorsinassessingthecompetitiveperformancesasbeingonerousenoughwithouttheexpectationofruleinfringementidentificationatalltimes,provisionismadeforoneormore“invigilators”(PenaltyJudges)tobeengaged.
![Page 22: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page22
• InvigilatorsreportdirectlytotheChairmanofAdjudicatorsorOrganiser.• Thedecisionastowhatcourseofaction(ifindeedany)istobetakenremainsthe
soleandabsolutediscretionoftheChairman.
Itisimportanttounderstandthat:-
• A“D”markisNOTadisqualificationassuch.• Adjudicatorsarenotrequired/obligedtomarkacouplelastinspiteofa“D”
notation.• AtnotimeisanAdjudicatorpermittedtoapproachanycoupleandadvisethemof
theiractioninrelationto“D”marks.OnlytheChairmanofAdjudicators(ortheorganiser)isauthorisedtodiscusstheinfringementwiththecoupleconcerned.
• TheonusrestswiththeScrutineertoreport“D”markingtotheChairmanofAdjudicatorsorintheirabsence,theorganiser.
• Inallcasesof“D”markings,AdjudicatorsarerequiredtosubstantiatethisactiontotheChairmanofAdjudicatorsor(intheabsenceofaChairmantheOrganiser).
Insubsequentroundspriortothefinal,thesameprocedureappliesexceptthat,wherethesamecouplecollects“D”marksfromatleasttwoAdjudicatorsinthesamedance,theonusrestswiththeChairmanofAdjudicatorsorintheabsenceofChairman,theOrganiser(afterbeinginformedbytheScrutineer)todeletethemarksofthatcoupleinthatdanceinthatround.
“D”MarkingProcedure---IntheFinalRound.
Adjudicatorsmustmarkthecouplesintheirselectedorderofmerit,marking“D”foranyobservedinfringementagainstthecoupleconcerned.
Shouldanycouplecollect“D”marksfromatleasttwoAdjudicatorsinthesamedance,theonusrestswiththeScrutineertoplacethecouplelastinthatdanceandreportsuchactiontotheChairmanofAdjudicators(ortheOrganiser)inadditiontonotingthe“D”markingonthescrutineermarkingsheet.
VisualJudging:ThismethodofjudgingiswidelyusedbytheInternationalDanceSportFederationinthefinalsofeventsinEuropeandatWorldChampionshipsundertheirjurisdictionbuthaslimiteduseinNewZealandmainlybecauseofits’timeconsumingnature.
ThepublicdisplayofAdjudicatorsmarkingisatthediscretionoftheOrganiser.Itcanbedoneaftereachdance,followingaspecificnumberofdances,orafterthefinaldance.
TheprocedureisfortheAdjudicatortoholdup,orhavedisplayed,asignwiththenumbercorrespondingtotheplacinggivenforcompetitors,asthecompereannouncestheirnumber.
![Page 23: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page23
SampleAdjudicatorCards.Areshownonthefollowingpages.Sincethereisnosetformat/layout,thiswillvaryfromorganisertoorganiserhowevertheinformation/instructionsshownareprettymuchstandard.Whilstthesesamplesareformattedas“SingleDance”cards,itisbynomeansunusualtohavecardscoveringmultipledances.
![Page 24: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page24
Round Number of Heats
Select
Out of Event No.
QR 3 16 23
ADULT STANDARD LEVEL 1 107 204 Dance
QSTEP
124 206
147 220
149 223 Select Couple
ü
154 229
156 232
159 234 Cancel Selection
X
165 235
179 239
189 245
Reinstate Selection
190 257
195 261
198 275 Scratch Pad
199
200
201
202
203
Signature: SYMBOL
![Page 25: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page25
EVENT Grade Style Sub Juvenile Level 1
Juvenile Level 2 Standard
Junior Level 3
Adult Level 4 Latin
Youth Open
Masters I 6 Dance New Vogue
Masters II 8 Dance
Professional 10 Dance
Position PLACE ALL COUPLES
EVENTNo.
83 1st
2nd
3rd
4th DANCE
Jive
5th
6th
7th SYMBOL
78th
Signed:
![Page 26: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page26
CHAPTER4SCRUTINEERINGAlthoughquestionsonthemechanicsoftheScrutineeringprocesswillnotformpartoftheAdjudicatingPrinciplesAssessmentpapers,itisneverthelessstronglyrecommendedthatAdjudicatorsacquireareasonableunderstandingofitsworkings.
The“SkatingSystem”isthemethodusedworld-widetoassessthecollectivemarkingsoftheAdjudicators,determinetherecallstosubsequentroundsandultimatelytheallocationofpositionsinthefinal.
ThebrainchildofMrArthurDawson.TheSkatingSystemoriginatedintheearly1940’s.Thecurrentformat,comprising11rules,acceptedbythethen“EnglishOfficialBoard”hasbeeninusesince1956.
Rules1to4DealingwiththeactualmarkingoftheAdjudicatorCardsaredetailedinthepreviouschapter.
AscertainingwhichcouplesgoforwardtothefollowingroundisestablishedbystartingwiththeHIGHESTaggregatetotalofselectionmarks(awardedoveralldancesintheevent)andworkingdownuntiltherequirednumberofcouplesisobtained.
ShouldithappenthattheLOWESTtotalofmarksallowingforprogressiontoasubsequentroundisheldbymorethanonecouple,thenEITHERallthecouplesconcernedarepassedthroughORnoneofthem.ThisdecisionrestswiththeChairmanofAdjudicatorsorintheabsenceofChairman,theOrganizer.
Rules5to8DealwiththeallocationofpositionsintheINDIVIDUALDANCES.
TheAPPLICATIONANDCONCERNuponwhicheachoftheserulesisbasedisMAJORITYmarkingsoftheAdjudicators.
• Rule5ThewinnerofaparticulardanceisthecouplewhoisplacedfirstbyanabsolutemajorityoftheAdjudicators.Second,thecouplethatisplacesecondorhigherbyanabsolutemajority.Theremainingpositionsareallocatedinthesameway.
• Rule6Iftwoormorecoupleshaveamajorityofmarkingsforthesameposition,thecouplewiththelargestmajorityshallbeallocatedthepositionunderreviewandthecouplewiththenextlargestmajority,thefollowingposition.
![Page 27: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page27
• Rule7issetintwoparts.(a) Ifsuchmajoritiesareequal,thenthelowesttotalofmarksgivenbythose
Adjudicatorswhoformthemajorityshalldeterminetheallocationofthepositionunderreview.
(b) Ifthetotalofthesemarksareequal,thenthenextlowerplace(orplaces,ifnecessary)inrespectoftheparticularcouplesconcernedmustbeincludedandtheprocessasin7arepeated.
Inacaselikethis,shouldithappenthatwhenthemarksareexhausted,thecouplesremaintied(equal)thentheyshallbeallocatedthemean(average)ofthepositionsthatwouldnormallybeawardedbetweenthatnumberofcouples.
• Rule8Ifnocouplereceivesamajorityofmarksforthepositionunderreviewthenthenextlowerplacemarksmustbetakenintoaccountuntilamajorityisfound.
Rules9to11DealwiththeallocationofpositionsintheFINALSUMMARYofeventsthatarecontestedovermorethanonedance.TheresultallocatedtoeachcoupleineachdanceiscarriedforwardtotheFinalSummary.ThesemarksarethensimplyADDEDTOGETHER.
Rule9Theaggregatetotals,commencingwiththeLOWESTandworkinguptothehighest,determinetheallocationoffinalpositionsfromfirstplaceonwards.
IfthereisatiebetweentwoormorecouplesforapositionbecauseofequaltotalsthenRule10mustbeapplied.
Rule10Itisimportanttonotethatintheapplicationofthisrulethebasisofconcerniswiththe“mostorgreatest”numberofmarksNOTmajorities.
Thepositionshallbeallocatedtothecoupleswiththemostnumberofplaces(orhigher)forthepositionunderreview.Whenmakingcalculationsunderthisruleif½marksareinvolvedtheymustbeconsideredas“higherthanthenextfullmark”e.g.amarkof2½wouldbecalculatedasa”3rdandbetter”markNOTa“2ndandbetter”.
![Page 28: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page28
Whendealingwithtiesunderrule10ifithappensthatnoneofthecouplesinvolvedhaveactuallywonaplace(orhigher)intheindividualdancesforthepositionunderreview,theywillremaintiedunderrule10andreassessedunderRule11.
Ifithappensthattwocoupleshavewonthesamenumberofplaces(orhigher)forthepositionunderreview,theLOWESTaggregateofthoseplacesdetermineswhoisallocatedtheposition.Theremainingcouplewillbeplacednext.
Ifitisthecasethatbothcoupleshavethesameaggregatetotalofthoseplacemarks(orhigher),theywillremaintiedunderRule10andreassessedunderRule11.
Ifthetieinvolvessaythreecouples,thepositionunderreviewisallocatedinthesamewaywiththeremainingcouplesbeingthenconsideredagainunderRule10forthefollowingplaces.
Rule11DealswiththebreakingoftiesthatremainaftertheapplicationofRule10.
Allthedancesintheeventaretreatedasonewiththecalculations(usingtheapplicationofproceduresunderrules5to8)basedonMAJORITYofAdjudicatorsmarkings.BywayofexampleafivedanceeventwithsevenAdjudicatorswouldhaveamaximumof35marksforanyparticularpositionsointhiscasethetotalofmarksneedtohaveamajoritywouldbe18ormore.
InthepossiblebuthighlyunlikelyeventofatieremainingaftertheapplicationofRULE11,thedecisionastohowtodealwiththematterrestswiththeOrganiser.
-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-
![Page 29: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page29
CHAPTER5
ASSESSMENTOFCOMPETITORS.
TheinformationcontainedinthischapterwillassistthereadertounderstandthemanyissuessurroundingtheassessmentofperformancesandtolearnfromtheexperienceofestablishedAdjudicators(bothNationalandInternational)informulatingprioritiesofassessment.
The“Art”ofAdjudication
CompetitivedancingwhichwecallDanceSport,certainlyatitshigherlevelsofachievementisanartisticphysicalactivitywhichwithitsmanyunquantifiableelementsofperformancemakesits’adjudicationanexerciseofgreatcomplexity,andevenmoresowhenthecomparativeanalysisofthecompetingcoupleshastobemadeandarankingdecisionmadewithinsuchalimitedtimeframe.
Withlittlemorethanafewseconds(dependinguponthenumberofcouplesinvolved)spreadoverprobablyseveralquickglances,itseemstobealmostnexttoimpossible,butithastobedoneandnodoubtamplifieswhysooftendifferentAdjudicatorscanreceivevaryingimpressionsofthesamecouplequiteapartfromallowingforvariationsintheindividualapproachtotheadjudicatingprocess.
Thisthenexplainswhyexperiencedadjudicationisanart,almostaninstinct,developedfromthatexperience.FurthermoreitunderlinesthejustificationfortheuseofpanelsofAdjudicatorswherebythecollectiveresultfromthemarksgivenbyavarietyofconsideredopinions(bearinginmindthe“non-measurable”natureoftheactivity)isundoubtedlytheclosesttoperfectionthatcanbeachievedandusuallyensuresthattheendresultisthecorrectandequitableone.
TheDutyoftheAdjudicator
Aboveallelse,competitorsarerelyingonthehonestyandintegrityoftheAdjudicators.
ThedutyoftheAdjudicatoristousetheirknowledgetogiveaninformedpersonalopinionbasedontheperformance(s)beingviewed.He/sheshouldNOTbeconcernedwithagreementorotherwisewiththeotherAdjudicatorsonthepanel.
Thelate(andmosthighlyexperiencedandrespected)internationalauthorityAlexMooreoncewroteinhisMonthlyLetterService“themarkingofsixreallytopcouplesinagoodfinalshouldvary,otherwisethejudgesmightaswellsitathomeandsendtheirmarksinbypost”.
![Page 30: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page30
PrioritiesinAssessment
DictatinghowAdjudicatorsshouldmaketheirassessmentsreliesuponthesuppositionthatonanygivenoccasiontheywillthinkalike.Sometimestheymay,butinrealitythelikelihoodisthattheywillhavedifferentprioritiesandemotionalattachment.Alsotheelementsofperformancetobeconsideredaremanyandvaried,andbyandlargearedifficulttoanalyseindividually
Adjudicatorswill,withexperience,assessthetotalperformanceswithoutconsciouslyanalysingeachelementandveryoftentheirchoiceismadebydefault.Thatis,theywillfavourthecouplewiththeleastnumberoffaultsratherthaninreverse.Prioritisingofcriteriaalsoalterslightlydependingontheparticularlevelofcompetitionorwhichroundoftheeventisinprogress,orperhapstheagedivisionbeingadjudicated
ElementsofPerformance.
ElementsofperformanceforconsiderationwouldberoughlythesameforbothStandardandNewVoguestylesandshouldinclude:
• Timing• Technique• FluidityofMovement• Style/Hold/Posture/Shape• Partnering/Togetherness• Floorcraft• Musicality/Expression/Characterisation• Presentation
InregardtotheLatinAmericanstyle,whilstthetechniqueislaiddownclearlyenoughinthetextbooks,thelackofbodycontactallowsforahighdegreeoffreedomofexpressioninchoreography,anddrawingheavilyonballet,theatricaldanceandfloorgymnasticdisciplinesfornewideas,hastendedtomoveawayfromtheoriginalauthenticconceptsofLatindanceresultingintheneedforaslightlydifferentapproach.
Particularlyatthehigherlevelsofcompetition,afterTiming,thetwomainaspectsofperformanceevaluationinvolveTechnicalAbilityandArtisticInterpretation,andacombinationofhighskillsinboththeseaspectsisindispensible,however,whilsttheatricaltypemovementsmaybereadilyappreciatedbythelayperson,TechnicalAbilityshouldstillbeapriorityintheassessmentprocess.
Atthelowerlevelsofcompetitiontheemphasisshouldcertainlybeonthedancersdemonstratingathoroughgroundinginsoundtechniquebeforeattemptingtouseadvancedchoreography.Adjudicatorsshouldencouragethisbymarkingaccordingly.
![Page 31: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page31
ElementsofperformanceforconsiderationintheLatinAmericanstyleshouldinclude:-
• Timing• Technique• RhythmicInterpretation/Musicality/Expression• Style/Posture/Shape• Floorcraft• Choreography/Characterisation• Presentation.
Itshouldbenotedthatinbothinstancesasshown,theElementsofPerformancearenotlistedinanyspecificorder,howevertheelementofTIMINGirrespectiveofthestyleofdanceisofabsolutesignificance.Ifacoupleisnotdancingintimewiththemusic(orisconsistentlyinandoutoftimewiththemusic)noamountofproficiencyinanycombinationoftheotherelementscanovercomethisandtheyshouldbemarkedaccordingly.
Intheearlyroundsofcompetitionstheperformanceelementsoftiming,astylishlook(meaningagoodcarriageoftheheadandarms)andfluidityoreaseofmovement(inStandardandNewVogue)andrhythmicalaction(inLatinAmerican)areeasilyrecognised,andcangenerallyberelieduponasagoodindicationoftheworthinessofselectionforcloserscrutinyasthenumbersthinoutinsubsequentrounds.
TECHNIQUE
NotwithstandingthesegregationofaspectsintheforegoinglistsofElementsofPerformanceTECHNIQUEmeanseverythingconcernedwiththemechanicalpartofartisticperformance.ITISTHEVERYFOUNDATIONOFGOODDANCING.
TheinformativenotesthatfollowhavebeencollectedfromanumberofinfluentialsourcesandwillnodoubtassistwiththerecognitionofCORRECTTECHNIQUE&QUALITYOFPERFORMANCE.
TECHNICALMERITASABASISFORADJUDICATING.
WhetheritbeStandard,LatinAmericanorNewVogue,TechnicalMeritisofvitalimportanceasabasisforteaching,coachingandadjudicationandequallyso,istherecognitionofCorrectTechniquewhichcoversthemajorelementsofthewaydancersproduce,andconnoisseursappreciate,Style,MovementandMusicalInterpretation.
ThefollowingpointsareextractsfromnotesbyHarrySmith-HampshireandwhilsttheydealprimarilywiththeStandarddancesmuchofthecontentcanbeappliedalsotoNewVoguesequencedances.
![Page 32: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page32
PostureandBalance:ThecorrectcarriageofthebodyisthefirstimportantelementofTechnique.Bothpartners’bodiesshouldbestretchedandwiththeweightpoisedovertheforepartofthefeetatset-up,bodyuprightfortheman,bodycurvinginagentlecurvefromthefeetupwardsforthelady.Thiscurveshouldbringherwaistintocontactwiththeman’smiddle,herupperbodydescribinganoutwardcurvefromthemiddleline.Thelady’shipsshouldbestretchedupwardsandforwards.Thecontrolledcurveofthelady’sbodyshouldbeindicativeofelegantfemininity.Exaggeratedarchingoftheupperpartofthebodydetractsfromthiselegance.
TheCorrectHold:Whenthepartnershipholdiscompleted,theeffectshouldbetohighlightthemasculinityofthemaleandthefemininityofthefemale.Theman’sarmsshouldbe(andlook)supportive,thoughrelaxed,whilethelady’sarmsshouldbeassoftandfluidasthoughmadeofchiffon.Thissoftnessissothatrelativechangesofpartnershippositionfrom,say,normalclosedholdtopromenadeorfallawaypositionscanbeachievedwithoutdistortionoftheman’sarmandbacklines.Theshouldersshouldnotbeliftedbutremainsettled.Aclean,unbrokenshoulderlinewiththearmsextendingthenaturaldeclininglineoftheshouldersdowntotheelbowsistheidealforthemale.“Theartificialpositionwiththeelbowsashighorhigherthantheshouldersistechnicallyincorrectforeitherpartnerandthetensioninducedbythisexcessiveelevationisthedirectoppositeofartistic”.
BodyContact:ThemaintenanceofBodyContactintheStandarddanceshasalwaysbeenoneofthemostsolidofthepillarsoftheBallroomstyle.“Gapping”istoberegardedasasinandmustbepenalisedassuch,Thehigherthegradeofthecouplethemoredeadlyisthesin,Unbrokenbodycontactisimperativeforallinternationalclasscompetitorsandisimportantforallothergradesofcompetitorsandmedallists.
BodySwingandRiseandFall:Inthe“swingdances”thesequalitiesareinter-related.BodySwingisusedtoinitiateprogressiononallleadingstepsofbasicfiguresandvariations.Asaconsequence,thecorrectuseofBodySwingwillinduceanaturalfeelingofRisetobefollowedbyacontrolledloweringactioneachofwhichshouldappearasthougheffortless.
TherearetwomaintypesofRise,thoughmanyvariantsexist.Pendulumtypeswingisusedinthe“English”waltzandashallowerformofthisfortheNaturalandReverseTurnsoftheVienneseWaltz(thereisnoriseusedinFleckerls).Awaveformtype(i.e.undulating-swingtypifiestheSlowFoxtrot.TheQuickstepembracesbothmaintypesofRise,usingwaltz-typeriseinProgressiveChassesandLockStepsbutFoxtrottypeRiseintheTurns.
Tango.NOBodySwing–NOBodyRise–NOFootRise
BodySwingisnotusedinthisdance,henceneitherBodyRisenorFootRise.Tangoishistoricallyandcharacteristicallyarooteddance.Itisstilltheonlydancetobebasedonawalkingaction.Thekneesarealwaysslightlyflexedandeverystepisplacedwithafirmfootpressureintothefloor.NOforwardstepistakenonthetoe.OntheForwardWalkstheback-footheelisliftedonlyslightlyclearofthefloorbeforethefootisreleasedtomove
![Page 33: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page33
forward.Whereaheeliselevated,theballofthatfootshouldalwaysremainincontactwiththefloor.“SometimesseenistheaffectationofstretchingandelevatingtheheeloftheunweightedfoothighoffthefloorontheentryintoPromenadePositionwithonlythetipofthetoeremainingincontactwiththefloor.Thisistotallyoutofcharacter”.
InTangoallforwardstepsincludingthe“Quicks”aremadewithaHeelLeadandthefootisinstantlyplacedflat.Mostclosingstepsareplacedwiththewholesoleofthefootmeetingtheflooratthesametime...itisnotnecessarytostamp.
ContraBodyMovement:ThecorrectuseofCBMisveryimportanttostyleandmovement.Itmaybedefinedastheturningoftheoppositesideofthebodyasawhole(hipandshoulder)inthedirectionofthemovingleg.InitsapplicationtodanceCBMisusedtocommenceallturnsandOutside-Partnerfigures.Itgivescontinuityandfluiditytotheactionofturning.Italsofacilitatesasmarterpartnershipshapewhentakingastepoutsidepartnerandmakespossiblethemaintenanceofbodycontactonallsuchfigures.
NaturalBalancingSway:Thebody-swingdancesuseswayasabalancingforceonturns(butnotonSpins)inasimilarmannertoanaircraftbankingasitmakesaturn.ThismentalimageisanexcellentillustrationoftheuseofdynamicSwayindancing.(Ifanaircraftwereperfectlybalancedbyitsprecisedegreeofinclinationduringaturn—withforcesofturn-and-bankbeingequalised,apassengerwouldstillfeelasthoughtheaircraftwereflyinglevel).Thebodylineduringthiskindofbalancingswayshouldbeastraightlinefromheadtotoe.Thereshouldbenobreakingatthewaistinthiskindofsway.“BalancingSway”isnotusedinTango...Swaywhenusedforeffect/shapein“Picture”stepssuchasOverswaysandLungesetc.isreferredtoas“broken”Sway.
QualityofLegAction:Legs,ledbybody-swing,shouldswingfromthehips.Thelegsshouldnotappeartoleadthebody.Precisionlegtrackingisimportant,asthoughmovingalongrails.Theinsidesofthelegsshouldbrushwhenpassing.“Widthbetweenthelegswhenpassingisaclearsignofpoorqualitydancing”.
SeamlessFluidityofMovementintheSwingDances.
SeamlessfluidityindancemovementisaqualitythatdistinguishestherealexpertfromthelessexpertinthesamewaythataRollsRoyceexpressestheepitomeofsmoothnesswhenmeasuredagainstlessercars.FluidityofProgression,ofRiseandFall,ofTurnandSpin,ofaccelerationanddecelerationsothatthetwopartnersmoveasoneistheideal.
QualityFootwork:Withtheexceptionofstep2ofinsideturns,feetshouldbeseentobeparalleltoeachotherbothinmovementandplacementandthereshouldbeastretchedtensioninthefeetinordertocreateclean,straight-lineheel-to-toeshapestogetherwithacentralisationofweightpassingoverthefeetforwhichanklecontrolisabsolutelyvitalinordertoavoidthefeetrollingoutwardsovertheouteredgeinForwardandBackwardsteps.
![Page 34: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page34
Characterisation:Thedanceportrayalshouldconveythespecificcharacterofthevariousdances.Bywayofexample,robustoraggressivedancingisoutofcharacterintheWaltz,whichisadancesuggestiveofromanticlove,likewisethelivelynature,andoftenseenlight-heartedmovementoftheQuickstepisnotsuitedtothemoresedateandsilkyflownatureofFoxtrotmusic.
Floorcraft:Thestandardisedgeneraldirectionofprogressiononthedancefloorisanti-clockwise.Theheightofbadfloorcraftiswhencoupleschoosetodancemovementsthattravelforseveralmetresagainstthenormalflowofmovementorwhentheytravelacrossthecentre-lineofthefloor,therebyinterruptingthemovementofothercouples.Penalisingbadfloorcraftshouldencouragegoodfloorcraft.
Ballroom(Standard)Fundamentals.BillIrvineM.B.E.
OneofthemostbeautifulaspectsofBallroomDancingistoseeacoupleflightingtheirbodiesthroughintricatepatternsandmovementsincompleteharmonynotonlywiththemusic,butalsowitheachother.Itisthis“togetherness”whichhasmadetheBritishstyleofBallroomDancingfamousthroughouttheworld.
IfsomeoneweretotakethetroubletoworkouthowmuchtimeajudgehastoassessthequalitiesofthedancersintheearlyroundsoftheBritishChampionshipsitwouldprobablybesoinfinitesimalitwouldnotbeworthrecording,SOWHATDOESTHEDISCERNINGEYEOFTHEJUDGESEEASTHECOUPLESDANCEPASTHIM?.Hehasonlytimetolookattheoverallpictureandinthisoverallpicturehewillmostprobablyregisteragoodlineandstyle;movement;rhythmicalinterpretation.
OnecannotpossiblyseparatethesethreeimportantfactorsinBallroomdancing,butIdofeelthatasmartandwell-balancedlinewillgivethecoupleagreatadvantageingoingfurtherinthecompetition.
Poise,Line,andShape.Shape–awordmuchusedtoday–Thelineoftwobodiesmouldedtogetherasoneunit,movingeffortlesslyacrossthefloorwithnodistractionofexaggeratedlines,iswhatisdeemedtobeelegant.Dancingisanaturalactionandwhenstrainandstressarefeltorseen,itcannotbecorrect.
![Page 35: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page35
ChoreographicCharacterisationofCompetitiveStandardDances
BDFLectureNotesbyAnthonyHurley.
Recentyearshaveseenadevelopmentinchoreographictrendsinalldances.ThesemoderntrendsareconstantlychallengingthecouplestotheverylimitsofbalanceANDDANCEDYNAMICSINTHEIRQUESTTOBEASSENSATIONALASPOSSIBLE.Allveryexcitingandperhapstotheindividualandthepublicalike,veryexhilarating.Unfortunatelythesedesirestobechoreographicallysensationalarenotalwaysbeingselectedwitheitherthecharacterofthedanceinmind,orthemusic,andveryimportantly,thephysicalstructureofthecouple.
Thechoreographyshouldenhanceboththecharacterandthemusictocreatetheveryfeelofthedanceinquestion.Thefollowinganalysisisofferedasaguideintheselectionofsuitablefigures.
WALTZ:Superbswingingmotionofforward,sideandbackwardactions,elegantspinsandpivotingshouldbechoreographedtoenhancethecharacteristicsofthedance,withcontrolleduseofriseandloweringthroughstrongfeet.
TANGO:Amorecompactbodyandarmpositioningshouldbeinstantlyrecognisable.Thelegandankleworkcorrectlyappliedtellsthejudgeifthecouplehaveagoodbasicgroundingforthisdance.Theremustbenoswingorrise.Sharpbodyandheadmovementsareallessentialsofthedance.
SLOWFOXTROT:Aclassicaldanceoflightcontinuousflowingmovementmustbemaintainedatalltimes.Acontrolledslowlegactionistheultimatequalityofthedancetokeepthecouplemovingelegantlyacrossthefloor.
QUICKSTEP:Thefastestrhythmofthestandarddances.Itmustthereforebefastmovingincorporatinglightactionandimportantlybecauseofthespeed,contrastingrhythms.
Clearlymuchoftoday’sspectacularroutineswhilstverycleverarenotnecessarilyenhancingtheperformers’naturalabilitytoshowindividualityorcorrectcharacterisationandthisisparticularlynoticeableincoupleswithobviouslylimitedexperiencewhoseroutinesareoverloadedwithcomplexfigures.Aspiringchampionsshouldunderstandthatawincouldn’tbeexpectedbasedsolelyuponchoreographybutratherbytheperfectionofbasicprinciples,whichinturngivesthedancertheabilitytoattemptdifficultfiguresandtomakethemlookeasy.Choreographyshouldbeaselectionofbasicandadvancedfiguresalwaysensuringitisaestheticallypicturesquetothedanceinquestion.
![Page 36: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page36
THEVIENNESEWALTZ
NotesbyRichardGleave/HarrySmith-Hampshire/BillIrvineMBE
TheVienneseWaltzisafreeflowing,swiftmovingdance.Themusicdelightfullylilting.
Music,movementandlinearethemostimportantfactorsindancingagoodVienneseWaltzanditistheskilfulblendingofthesethreevitalelementsthatmakethedanceattractivetowatchandenjoyabletodance.Ideally,theprogressionofmovementshouldfollowanorbital–like“CurveofProgression”.Fleckerlsshouldbedancedinornearthecentreofthefloor.
MusicandMovement:Themusicisfast,thereisnotimeforrubatophrasingasinFoxtrot.InViennesewaltztrytobeperfectlywiththefronthalfofthebeat.Thebodyonthefootonthebeatisthemusicalgoal.Thebodymustgoforwardnotonlydownward.Itisacommonmistaketolowerthroughthestandinglegtoomuchtherebypreventingtheuseofthebigmusclesofthehipandthightopropelthebodyforward.Drivethebodyforwardnotdownward.
TheChangeSteps:Maybecommencedeitherforwardorbackwardasappropriatewiththefeetbeingplacedalongthe“orbitofprogression”soastoshownointerferencetothesmoothflowofthemovement.
TheNaturalTurn:Ifthefirstpowerfulthrustactioniscorrect,stepstwoandthreewillbeanaturalconsequence.Itisimportantforthebothbodiestoremaincentred,turningasoneunit.Themostcommonfaultisforeitherpartnertoturntooearly.TheCBMofthedancersmustbethesame,andattheendofthefirststepthebodyshouldbesquaretothefeetandnottwistedacrossthefeet.Theweightoftheheadsshouldalwaysbekepttothecorrectoutsidecircleofthecouplesoastousethenaturalcentrifugalforcestoimprovethebodyswingandmovement.
RiseandFall:ThecharacteristicRiseandFallpattern(ashallow,liltingarc)thatisalmostwhollyaresultofBodySwingshouldbefeltmoreinthekneesthaninfootelevation.Evenalittletoomuchfootrisewillcreateajerkyaction.Thedancerontheinsideoftheturnshouldkeeptheclosingfootflat–ornearlyflat.
Sway:Swayshouldbethenaturalreactiontotheturnandnotabreakfromthewaist.VienneseWaltzSway,ledbytheManbutextendedbytheLady,isaslightflexiblearcingofthebodyfromthewaistupwards.InthisdanceSwayshouldnotsomuchbeusedasatoolforassistingbalance,butratherforaddingimpetustobodyswingorforaddingartisticeffect.
Footwork:ThemajorfaultisforthemantoreleasethetoeoftheleftfootonstepsixoftheNaturalTurn.Thefootmustbeclosedwiththetoeoftheleftfootincontactwiththefloorendingwiththefootflat.
![Page 37: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page37
TheReverseTurn:ThisismoreofaRotarytypeofturnthantheNaturalTurnthereforerequiringalesseramountofforwardswing.Again,aswiththeNaturalTurnthe“centres”ofthecouplemustbalanceandnottwist.BycomparisonwiththeNaturalTurn,theuseofSwayintheReverseTurnisnotsostrongandisusuallyportrayedmorebytheLadythanbytheMan.
TheFleckerls:TherearetwomainfaultsseenintheFleckerls:THEUSEOFTOOMUCHRISEthatisusuallycausedbyincorrectfootwork.Agoodgeneralconceptistoturnontheballofthefootwiththeheelsjustskimmingthefloor.Theheelsmusttouchtheflooralbeitlightly.
Secondly,ALLOWINGTHEFLECKERLSTOTRAVEL...thecharacterofthesemovementsistoturnonthespotwiththemovementbeingdancedaroundthecentresoftheturnoneachbarofthemusic.ThecentreofthefirstpartofthereverseFleckerlistheman’sleftfootonbeatoneandonthesecondpartitisthelady’sleftfootonbeatfour.
ThissameprincipleappliesintheNaturalFleckerlusingtheRightfootineachcase.
WhilsttheforegoingnotescoverthemajorcomponentsoftheVienneseWaltz(withexceptionoftheContraCheck),recenttimeshaveseentheintroduction(insomecountries)ofadditionalfiguressuchas:TheSpinandNaturalPivot,ReversePivot,andtheLeftWhisk.TechnicaldetailshavebeenpublishedinseveralforumsandassessmentoftheiruseshouldbemadeonthemeritoftheirexecutioninlinewiththeusualaspectsofTiming,Control,ShapeandLineetc.,PleaseNote:These‘additionalstepsarenotrecognisedorallowedundertheexistingrulesoftheNZBDC.Theyarementionedherepurelyforinformationshouldyoubeadjudicatinginacountrywherethesestepsarepermitted.
-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o
![Page 38: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page38
JudgingCriteria:StephenHillier.
ThinkofaJigsawPuzzle,allthepieceshavetobefittedtogetherforthepicturetobecomplete.SoitiswithBallroomDancing—thecompletedpictureresultsfromanunderstandingandapplicationofthecorrectprinciplesandtechniques.IftheseprinciplesandtechniquessuchasSwing,CBM,CBMP,correctuseofthefeet,turningetc.,arenotcorrectlyappliedthentheresultisanincorrectorincompletepicture.
Sojudgingis,orshouldbe,aboutassessingacoupleonthebasisofhowcompleteandcorrecttheirpictureis.Thiscanbemademoredifficultfortheadjudicatorbycouplesthattrytodisguisealackoffundamentalprinciples,ortechnique,throughsomeformofdistraction.Facialexpressionandcostumingareoftenusedtotaketheeyeawayfromthelackofcorrectdancing.Alackofsoundfoundationmaybecoveredbynotdancinganybasicfigures,onlychoreographedroutines,whichmaylookgoodsuperficiallybuttheadjudicatormustbeabletoseethroughtheseploysandplacethebestdancerfirst.
-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-
Floorcraft:HarrySmith-Hampshire/AnthonyHurley.
FloorcraftisoneofthefinerskillsoftheartofDanceSport:askillwhichseparates“themenfromtheboys”:thealert,consideratethinkingdancersfromtheclumsy.ItisasimportantandessentialqualityasisthefluidityofMovement,excellenceofStyleandexpressiveMusicality
Floorcraftalsoextendstotheavoidanceofone’sfellow-competitors.TheoddcollisionisperhapsforgivableBUTforthekamikazecompetitorwhoconsistentlyricochetsoffeverycouple(andsometimesadjudicatorsaswell)insight,theadjudicatormaywellbejustifiedinweighingthestandardoffloorcraftinthebalancewhendeterminingthewhichcouplesshouldgothroughtothenextround.
Itmaywellbethatrocketingroundthefloorwhenperformingahigh-speedQuickstepgroupisanattention-getterwhichwillyieldgoodresults,BUTTHISISONLYTRUEwhenthecouples’flightpathandbrakingabilityarebothundercontrol.
Thebasicrulesoffloorcraftcouldbesummarisedasfollows:-Stayoutoftrouble:predictandtakeadvantageofclearspaces;aimforanuninterruptedflowofartisticmovement.
Nevercrossthecentrelineoftheflooragainsttheflowofdancers..........AvoiduseoffiguresthattravelagainsttheLineofDanceformorethantwoorthreesteps...ANDEmploysufficientflexibilityinchoreographytobeabletomakespontaneouschangesofpace,figureordirection,notonlytoavoidcollisionsbutalsoforthemoreprofitablereasonofusingclearspacesonthefloortoshowyourdancingtothebestadvantage.
![Page 39: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page39
NEWVOGUE---SequenceDancing
Muchofwhathasbeendetailedintheprecedingpagesregardingthemechanicsoftechniqueand“TechniqueasabasisforAdjudicating”intheStandardstyle,appliessimilarlytotheNewVoguestyle,howeversinceNewVogueisaformofSequenceDancingwithsetroutines/choreographyemployingtheuseofavarietyofHolds(andmovementswithreleaseofpartnercontact)the“carriageandlineofthearms”componentisdeservingofaddedconsiderationinassessment.
Quiteapartfromtherequirementofadherencetothe”StandardisedGeneralCompetitionTechniquefortheNewVogueChampionshipDances”----ExpressiveuseoftheArmsandHandsthroughrhythmicalandwellco-ordinatedactionsthatareincompleteharmonywiththeflowofthemovement,andthemusic,areconducivetoQUALITYSequenceDancing.
Likewiseindanceswhere“releaseofpartnercontact”ispartofthechoreography,reasonableproximityneedstobemaintainedtogetherwithmatchingandbalanceduseofarmsandhandsinorderforthepicturetobecomplete.
Generallyspeaking,excessivedistancingin“releaseofpartnercontact”figures,theexcessiveuseof“semaphore-like”armmovements,theuseofexaggeratedSwaysandworstofalltheattemptto“playwiththetiming”,whichareemployedasattentiongrabbingexercises,inmostcasescomeattheexpenseofcontrolledandexpressiveuseofthefeetandankleswhichiseverybitasimportanttotheproductionofQUALITYPERFORMANCEinNewVogueasitintheStandarddances.
QualityofPerformanceintheNewVoguestyle,becauseitisaformofSequenceDancingwithlimitedfixedchoreographyandwithallcouplesdancingthesamemovementsatthesametime,needstobemeasuredinitially,againstthecomparativeaccuracyoftechnicalcompetency,suchastheaspectsofTiming,Footwork,ControlleduseofRiseandLoweringandFlowofMovementbeforetakingaccountofartisticembellishments.
![Page 40: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page40
LATINAMERICAN
ExtractfromanarticlebyAlexMooreMBE.
InModern(Standard)competitionsthejudgecanseethequalityofthemovementataglance,andthismorethananythingelseisoftenthedecidingfactorwhenmakingajudgement.InLatinAmericandancingthisqualityislessapparentandthejudgemuststudyacouplecarefullytoobservetherhythmicqualitiesoftheirdancing.Judgeswhoteachcompetitorsmaysaytheyknowthequalityofacouples’dancing,butsurelyitisnecessarytolookandseeifthisqualityisbeingexpressedonthatoccasion.
ProblemswithLatinAmericancompetitionsoccurwhena“teacher-judge”favoursaparticularinterpretationofadance,seesit,andimmediatelythinkstheparticularcoupleisgood.Anadjudicatorseeingacouplegiveaneat,correctandtechnicallygoodpresentationofaninterpretationthattheyfavourisapttooverlookthemeritsofacouplepresentingadancewithadifferentinterpretationbutwithattractivestyle,“shape”andpossiblymovement.
Nobodyshouldwanttoforceanopiniononanadjudicatorbutitisthedutyofadjudicatorstorememberthatanopinionthatvariesfromtheirownisnotnecessarilyabadone.
-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o
NotesbyWalterLaird.
ThemainaspectsthatareusedbyadjudicatorstoassessLatinAmericancompetitiveperformancesare:-Technique:RhythmicInterpretation:Choreography:Characterisation:Presentation:“Efficacy”
TECHNIQUE:BecausetheLatinDancesdiffersomuchfundamentally,themostimportantfacetsofTechniqueapplicabletoeach(whichcontributetotheoverallQualityofPerformance)arelistedseparately.
RUMBA:ForwardandBackwardWalks,CheckedForwardWalk,ChangingDirection,DelayedWalks.
SAMBA:SambaPelvicaction,SambaBounceaction,Botofogos,Voltas,CruzadoactionandMusicalphrasing.
PASODOBLE:Appel,Chassesaction,Promenadeaction,TravellingSpins,SpanishLinesandShapes,MusicalPhrasing
CHACHACHA;TheChasseandLockaction,RondeandHipTwistChasses,ForwardandBackwardWalks,CheckedForwardWalk.ChangingDirectionandDelayedWalks.
JIVE:TheChasseandLockaction,BallChangeandChickenWalkaction
![Page 41: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page41
ALLDANCES:Poise,LegandAnkleaction,UseofArms,TheLatin(Cuban)Cross,Weightdistribution,PhysicalandShapingLeads,LegandBodyspeeds.
RHYTHMICINTERPRETATION.
SincetheLatinDances(withtheexceptionofPasoDoble)arerhythmdancesitisessentialforanycouplethataretosucceedcompetitivelytobeverystrongrhythmically.
RhythmicinterpretationisoneaspectofLatinDancingthatcannotbefakedorsuccessfullyhiddenandcomesfromanunderstandingoftherhythmicconstructionofeachdanceandhowtoadvantageouslyusetheaccentedbeatsofthemusic.
CHOREOGRAPHY
TheinclusionofoneortwotricksthatcatchtheeyecanbeusedforchoreographicinterestbutroutinesthatareoverloadedwithtricksandgimmicksdonotallowtheadjudicatoranopportunitytoassesstheQualityofPerformancewhenthereisalackorcompleteabsenceofmovementsthatshowthefundamentalactionandcharacterofthedance.
Theendproductshouldbeawell-balancedcombinationofpatterns/movementsthatsuitthecoupleandarewithintheircapabilities.Overuseof“poisedlinesandshapes’providelittleornoopportunityfortheassessmentofrhythmicquality.
CHARACTERISATION
Eachdanceofcoursehasitsowncharacterorstoryandwhilstitisprobablyoneofthemostdifficultoftaskstoachieveitisdesirable(andatthehigherlevelsofcompetition,essential)thatthisaspectbeportrayedandeasilyreadable
PRESENTATION
Thisreferstoappearance(includinggroomingandattire),walkingonandoffthefloor,standingbetweendances,attitudeonthefloor,facialexpressions,focuswhenlookingatpartnerortheaudience,positioningonthefloorforeachdance,allofwhichcaninfluencethefocusoftheadjudicators’attention.
“EFFICACITY”
Thatqualityvariouslydescribedas“Magic”,“Presence”.“Dominance”,“Impact”,“Flair”,“Wizardry”,“Genius”...Itistheabilitytocommandattentiononthecompetitionfloororthepowerforacoupletoproducetheirbestattherighttime.
Confidenceistheingredientof“efficacy”.
Fromamoreabstractperspective,inadditiontotheabove,whichclearlyidentifiestheelementsthatshouldbegivenconsiderationofvaryingdegrees,itshouldnotbeforgotten
![Page 42: DANCESPORT ADJUDICATING PRINCIPLES · 2018. 2. 13. · NZBDC – Adjudicating Principles Version 2017 Page 3 Chapter 1. Introduction The cliché “It takes two to Tango” (or any](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070218/6127d98146ec5b687c6542fb/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
NZBDC–AdjudicatingPrinciplesVersion2017 Page42
thatDancesportisalanguageandtheLatinAmericangenreisaspecificdialectofDancesportthatneedstobeclearlyidentifiedandunderstoodasLatinAmerican.
Correctgrammaticaluseandsentencestructureisnecessarytomakeclearandprecisepointsinlanguage.IntermsofDancesport,thesamecouldbesaidforchoreography,useofsyllabusfiguresandvariations,characterisationandmusicalinterpretation.Theoverallpresentationmeansnothingifthestructuredefiningthatlanguage/dialectisnotthere.
Inotherwords,whenweadjudicateweshouldaskourselves,“CanIunderstandthisstory?Isitfluentlyexpressingtheovertandsubtleelementsofthedance?
Atthehighestlevelsweshouldbeopentothevariousinterpretationsofthisdialect,expectingatleastpartialretentionoftheidentifyingelements.Afterall,thedancers’integrityandfreedomofexpressionisalsovaluable.
Essentially,theadjudicators’capabilityofperception,bearinginmindtheirroleisultimatelythatofprovidingcomparativefeedbackonaspecificperformance,shouldbetheguidingprincipleinestablishinganappropriateoutcomeforeachroundoftheevent.