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Printable ResourcesAround the Windows: Looking Through the Stained Glass

Appendix A: Pre / Post Test

Appendix B: Pre / Post Test KEY

Appendix C: Windows Around the World

Appendix D: Ancient Art? Article

Appendix E: Team Code of Cooperation

Appendix F: Geometric Shapes for a Stained Glass Window

Appendix G: What Kind of Pi Do We Have?

Appendix H: Thermal Energy (SmartBoard Interactive Lesson)

Appendix I: Energy and Heat Transfer

Appendix J: Energy and Heat Transfer, TEACHER GUIDE

Appendix K: Stained Glass Window Engineering Design Challenge

Appendix L: Stained Glass Window Creation

Appendix M: Stained Glass Window Creation Teacher Guide

Appendix N: Final Presentation Rubric

Appendix O: Tangram Puzzle Cutout

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix A: Pre / Post Test

Name _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________

1. Which of the following statements is true?A. all waves transfer matter through some type of medium.B. all waves including mechanical waves, transfer energy.C. all waves require a medium through which to move.D. all waves can transfer energy through empty space.

2. Erin uses an instrument to measure how many waves pass her in 1 second. She is finding the wave’sA. amplitude B. frequencyC. speedD. wavelength

3. Ben knows the frequency of a wave. To find the speed of a wave, he needs to know itsA. amplitudeB. energyC. intensityD. wavelength

4. Reflection happens when a waveA. enters a new medium at an angleB. passes through a narrow gapC. moves around a solid objectD. hits a barrier it cannot pass through

5. The energy that a mechanical wave moves from one place to anotherA. potential energyB. kinetic energyC. thermal energyD. chemical energy

6. Which of the following produces the most electromagnetic waves on earth?A. high energy of the Sun B. artificial lightsC. energy of distant starsD. a vacuum

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained Glass

7. Radiation is the motion of A. motion of a medium caused by electromagnetic wavesB. conversion of electromagnetic waves into kinetic energyC. energy that moves as electromagnetic wavesD. speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum.

8. One advantage that LED’s have ordinary light bulbs is theyA. do not need any energy to runB. waste little energy as heatC. uses gases instead of filamentsD. are not as bright

9. When light is absorbed into a medium, the wavesA. pass through the mediumB. disappear into the mediumC. bounce off the mediumD. spread out in all directions

10. A banana appears yellow because itA. emits only yellow wavelengths of lightB. reflects yellow light and absorbs other colorsC. has only yellow light shining on itD. refracts yellow light more than others

11. What is the total angle measurement for the inside angles of the arrow shown below?

A. 270 degreesB. 180 degreesC. 360 degreesD. 450 degrees

12. Which expression below is equivalent to 5x+10A. x+5B. 2( x+5)C. x+2D. 5( x+2)

Draft: 5/17/2023

90

4590


13. How does sunlight transfer energy through a window? Describe the transformation of energy that takes place from the sun to the room warming up, and identify the form of thermal energy transfer at each point? (4pts)

14. If a triangle has two angles measured at 70 and 35 degrees, what is the measurement of the last angle? Show your work. (2 points)

15. Tom is creating a large screen so that they can view a movie in his backyard. According to the directions, the angle facing the screen must be 65 degrees. What is the other angle? Show your work. (2 points)

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix B: Pre / Post Test KEY

1. Which of the following statements is true?A. All waves transfer matter through some type of medium.B. All waves, including mechanical waves, transfer energy.C. All waves require a medium through which to move.D. All waves can transfer energy through empty space.

2. Erin uses an instrument to measure how many waves pass her in 1 second. She is finding the wave’sA. amplitude B. frequencyC. speedD. wavelength

3. Ben knows the frequency of a wave. To find the speed of a wave, he needs to know itsA. amplitudeB. energyC. intensityD. wavelength

4. Reflection happens when a waveA. enters a new medium at an angleB. passes through a narrow gapC. moves around a solid objectD. hits a barrier it cannot pass through

5. The energy that a mechanical wave moves from one place to anotherA. potential energyB. kinetic energyC. thermal energyD. chemical energy

6. Which of the following produces the most electromagnetic waves on earth?A. high energy of the Sun B. artificial lightsC. energy of distant starsD. a vacuum

Draft: 5/17/2023


7. Radiation is the motion of A. motion of a medium caused by electromagnetic wavesB. conversion of electromagnetic waves into kinetic energyC. energy that moves as electromagnetic wavesD. speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum.

8. One advantage that LED’s have over ordinary light bulbs is theyA. do not need any energy to run.B. waste little energy as heat.C. uses gases instead of filaments.D. are not as bright.

9. When light is absorbed into a medium, the wavesA. pass through the mediumB. disappear into the mediumC. bounce off the mediumD. spread out in all directions

10. A banana appears yellow because itA. emits only yellow wavelengths of lightB. reflects yellow light and absorbs other colorsC. has only yellow light shining on itD. refracts yellow light more than others

11. What is the total angle measurement for the inside angles of the arrow shown below?

E. 270 degreesF. 180 degreesG. 360 degreesH. 450 degrees

12. Which expression below is equivalent to 5x+10A. x+5B. 2( x+5)C. x+2D. 5( x+2)

Draft: 5/17/2023

90

4590


13. How does sunlight transfer energy through a window? Describe the transformation of energy that takes place from the sun to the room warming up, and identify the form of thermal energy transfer at each point? (4pts)

14. If a triangle has two angles measured at 70 and 35 degrees, what is the measurement of the last angle? Show your work. (2 points)

700 + 350 + X = 1800

X = 750

15. Tom is creating a large screen so that they can view a movie in his backyard. According to the directions, the angle facing the screen must be 65 degrees. What is the other angle? Show your work. (2 points)

900 + 650 + X = 1800

180 – 155 = 250

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix C: Windows Around the World

Name _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________

1. In your own words, explain the design challenge.

2. What kind of information do you think you need to collect in order to create your design?

Watch “CES-Samsung’s Smart Window” and answer the questions below.

3. How could this type of window covering influence your everyday life?

4. What type of careers would be involved in the production of this type of window covering?

5. Read “Ancient Art?” and summarize how nanotechnology was used to create stained glass over 1,000 years ago.

Draft: 5/17/2023


6. One person in each group will read about techniques for making stained glass from Medieval times, from the 14th- 16th Century, and from Modern times. After each person finishes reading work together to compare and contrast the techniques for making stained glass during these different time periods.

7. List at least two new ideas you have about how you will create your window.

Draft: 5/17/2023

Modern Times

14th-16th

CenturyMedieval

Times

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix D: Ancient Art? Article

Draft: 5/17/2023

Firing the glass The studio of C.E. Kempe c.1900

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassA Brief History of Stained GlassReferences to stained glass date from the 7th century. By the 12th century stained glass had become a sophisticated art form. The making of stained-glass windows has hardly changed since the 12th century. Stained glass continued to flourish in England until the Reformation of the Church in the 1540s when changes in religious outlook undermined the need for sacred art. Although colored glass continued to be made in the 17th and 18th centuries, the craft declined and skills were lost. Only in the 19th century was there a serious attempt to rediscover the techniques of making stained. Since the1850s, stained glass has remained a sophisticated are form.

Medieval Techniques In the first quarter of the twelfth century, a German monk, who adopted the pen name Theophilus, wrote a description of the techniques of making stained glass. The basic methods have hardly changed. Glass was made by melting sand, potash and lime together in clay pots. It was colored by the addition of metallic oxides - copper for red, iron for green, cobalt for blue and so on.

As paper was scarce and parchment very expensive, the full scale outline of the design for a stained glass window was drawn out on a whitened table top. The designer would indicate the principal outlines of his drawing, the shape and color of the individual pieces of glass to be used, and the position of the lead strips that would eventually hold all the pieces of glass together. The panes of colored glass were cut to shape with a 'grozing iron' and laid on top of the drawing.

Through the glass, details of the drawing - faces, hands, drapery, etc. - could be seen and these details were traced with an iron oxide pigment on the surface of the glass. After painting, the pieces were fired in a small furnace for sufficient time to fuse the paint to the surface of the glass, and then returned to the table and assembled by the glazier, using strips of lead. The lead provided a strong but flexible bond. The intersections of all the lead strips were then soldered, and oily cement was rubbed into all the joints in order to make them watertight.

14th -16th Century TechniquesFrom the early fourteenth century a further range of colors varying from a pale lemon to a deep orange could be achieved on one piece of glass through the discovery of 'silver stain', a silver compound painted on the back of the glass and then fired in a kiln. By the mid sixteenth century many different colored enamels were being used. As a result, windows began to be painted like easel pictures on clear glass of regular rectangular shape, with lead calmes no longer an integral part of the design. These methods prevailed from the seventeenth to early nineteenth centuries. However, the earlier techniques were revived in Victorian times.

Modern TechniquesEvery window starts as a full-size cartoon drawn out on paper. The colored glass is then selected by the artist. The glass is cut to size with a glass cutter.

The design is applied as a black or brown paint which is a mixture of metal oxides, powdered glass and gum. Finished pieces are then stored in glass racks to await firing in the kiln. The painted glass is laid on trays of whiting and loaded into the hot upper part of the kiln where it is fired at a temperature which fuses the paint to the glass

Leads of various sizes can be prepared from cast bars by squeezing them through a lead mill, either electrically powered or hand cranked. The window is assembled on a large table, each lead being cut and bent to fit its pane. As the work progresses, completed parts are held against battens by horseshoe nails tapped into the table. When the panel is complete, each joint must he soldered individually. Finally the whole window is sealed with a sealant that is brushed into all the joints.

Source: The Stained Glass Museum (http://www.stainedglassmuseum.com)

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix E: Team Code of Cooperation

Name _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________

Your first task in working as a team is to collaboratively create a team code of cooperation.Decide on a team name.

List all members of the team and their career for this project.

List 4-5 anticipated goals.All team members agree to:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

When a team member lets their team down by ignoring the anticipated goals listed above, the following actions will be taken based on number of offenses.Step 1:

Step 2:

Step 3: Teacher Approved: ___________

Teacher’s initialsTeam Member Signatures:By signing this document on one of the lines below, I am stating that I agree to meet the anticipated goals and I understand the consequences if I fail to do so.

______________________________ _____________________________

______________________________ _____________________________

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix F: Geometric Shapes for a Stained Glass WindowName _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________

1. How are geometric shapes used in architecture and every-day life? Think of at least 3 ways.

As part of your design challenge, you will be designing a stained glass window using techniques that were used in Medieval times. Look at the shapes in front you. Before you begin designing your window, we will learn to calculate the Total Angle Measurement of shapes.

How to calculate the total angle measurement notes:

ShapeNumber of Sides

Regular or

IrregularTypes of Angles

Total Angle Measurement(Use the protractor to measure the angles

inside each shape.)Triangle

Rectangle

Rhombus

Hexagon

Draft: 5/17/2023


Because cutting glass can be challenging, your design will utilize specific shapes. Your design challenge will require you to use Tan-Gram pieces to create stained glass windows. Tan-Grams are ancient puzzles that can be pieced together to create different shapes or pictures. Use the guide below to complete the chart.

ShapeNumber of Sides

Regular or

IrregularTypes of Angles

Total Angle Measurement(Use the protractor to measure the angles inside each

shape.)

1

2

3

4

5

What would the total angle measurement be for all of the angles inside the square tan-gram configuration?

Draft: 5/17/2023

1

1 2

2

3

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassTan-Gram CutoutsTo be copid on cardstock.

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix H: Thermal Energy (SmartBoard Interactive Lesson)Name _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________What does Energy Do? Fundamentals of Energy

Fill in the frame diagram for Energy.

Definitions:Mechanical

Sound

Chemical

Thermal

Electromagnetic

Nuclear

Law of Conservation of Energy

Draft: 5/17/2023

Energy

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassExamples1. Turning on a TV transfers ____________________ energy into __________________ and

__________________ energy.

2. Flowers transfer ___________________ energy into __________________ energy.

3. Wind turbines transfer __________________ energy into __________________ energy.

Law of Conservation of Energy states:

Kinetic Theory of Matter:

Conduction Convection Radiation

Example: Example: Example:

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix I: Energy and Heat Transfer Name _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________

Background Information:In this activity you will be testing the heat transfer properties of the colors you will use for your window. You learned that each color absorbs and reflects unique combinations of light energy waves. Because your window has a variety of overlapping colors, we will test the individual colors and a control to measure how color affects light energy transfer from air to water. Air is a fluid, just like water, but changes temperature at a slower rate than air, so water will more easily allow us to measure the temperature change due to energy transfer.

What colors are you testing? _________________________________

What affect do you think this color will have on the heat transfer to water?

Objective:Using the materials provided, design a method for testing heat transfer of sunlight to a 2-liter bottle of water through ONLY the opening of your window.

Materials:

Project Specifications:

Procedure/Testing: (to measure heat transfer)

Apparatus Sketch and Description:

Draft: 5/17/2023


*Show your set-up to your teacher to obtain approval to begin moving forward with testing.

Data/Graph:PaperColor

InitialWater Temp

(°C)10

min20

min30

min40

min50

min60

min70

min

FinalWater Temp

(°C)

Change in Temp(°C)

Color:________Color:________

Clear

Results and Discussion:

Conclusions: Write a paragraph with your conclusion of the findings. Include the items below: Water in which container had the greatest temperature change? Did the results of this experiment support or refute your hypothesis? Based on the results of this experiment, which colors of glass do you plan to use to in your

window for accomplish the design challenge?

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix J: Energy and Heat Transfer, TEACHER GUIDE


Example of one possible way to set-up the test:


Have groups share data on the board and have a class discussion over how each color affects the transmission of energy to the water. This research experiment will be used in the next activity to determine what colors students use in creating their kaleidoscope. Students should then use this lab report area to discuss their own data as well as the class data, and summarize what they learned using proper vocabulary: conduction, convection, radiation, photon, energy, thermal, etc.

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix K: Stained Glass Window Engineering Design ChallengeName _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________Objective: Use the results of the window experiment to design a stained glass window that keeps heat out during warm seasons. Your finished window must be 15cm x 8 cm.

Materials and Costs: The company from which you buy your glass cutting machinery sells a different patterns for each shape of glass. You may buy one stencil and make your window out of glass of one shape or you may purchase all of the patterns and use all of the shapes in your window.. You may use any of the materials listed in the table below. Decide which materials you will use and fill out the order form below.

Material Amount Cost Quantity CostGlass (colored tissue paper) 100 cm2 (any color)

$50.00

Iron bar 1 meter$100.00

Equilateral Triangle Pattern 1$80.00

Isosceles Triangle Pattern 1$80.00

Square Pattern 1$80.00

Rectangle Pattern 1$80.00

Rhombus Pattern 1$80.00

Pentagon Pattern 1$80.00

Hexagon Pattern 1$80.00

Octagon Pattern 1$80.00

Decagon Pattern 1$80.00

Sealant (waterproofs window) 1 bottle$40.00

Total Cost:

Safety: List at least 3 safety precautions should you keep in mind when designing your stained glass window.

Background: What background knowledge are you using to design the stained glass window so that it meets the design challenge?

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassProject Specifications:(Attach the draft of your window design plan to this paper)

What are TWO strengths of you window design?

What are TWO weaknesses of your window design?

Tomorrow, you will test your window. Think about the design you created for the colors of light test. How could you test the effectiveness of your stained glass window for keeping thermal energy in the water low? Draw and LABEL a diagram of how you could test your stained glass window. Keep in mind, your window will not wrap all the way around the bottle. Therefore, think about how you will account for this to reduce your error.

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix L: Stained Glass Window CreationName _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________

Objective:Using the materials provided, design a method for testing heat transfer of sunlight to a 2-liter bottle of water through ONLY the opening of your window.

Materials:

Project Specifications:

Procedure/Testing: (to measure heat transfer)


Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained Glass*Show your set-up to your teacher to obtain approval to begin moving forward with testing.

Data/Graph:

PaperColor

InitialWater Temp

(°C)10

min20

min30

min40

min50

min60

min70

min

FinalWater Temp

(°C)

Change in Temp(°C)

Color:________Color:________

Clear


Conclusions: Write a paragraph with your conclusion of the findings. Include the items below: Water in which container had the greatest temperature change? Did the results of this experiment support or refute your hypothesis? Based on the results of this experiment, which colors of glass do you plan to use to in your window

for accomplish the design challenge?

Draft: 5/17/2023

Around the Windows: Looking Through the Stained GlassAppendix N: Engineering Design Challenge and Presentation of Results Rubric

Name _____________________________________ Date ___________ Period ________

4 3 2 1

Documentation

Student documents each team member’s contribution to the challenge daily, with detail and reasoning.

Student documents each team member’s contribution to the challenge daily, with detail.

Student documents each team member’s contribution to the challenge daily, with detail. One or two details are missing.

Student documents each team member’s contribution to the challenge most days. Minimal or no details are included.

Materialsand

Specifications

Student records all materials and specifications used with detail.

Student records materials and specifications used.

Student records materials and specifications used.Minor errors and omissions are evident

Student records materials and specifications used.Major errors and omissions are evident

Engineering Design Process

Procedures, tests, and apparatus are described and explained in detail.

Procedure, tests, and apparatus are described in detail.

Student makes an attempt to record procedure, testing, and apparatus description.Minor details are omitted.

Student makes an attempt to record procedure, testing, and apparatus description.Major details are omitted.

Data/Graph

Data is recorded and graph is drawn neatly and accurately. Graph is titled and both axes are labeled legibly.

Data is recorded and graph is completed. Graph is titled and both axes are labeled with less than 3 errors.

Data is recorded and graph is completed. Graph is titled and both axes are labeled with 3 errors.

Data is recorded and graph is completed. Graph is titled and both axes are labeled with more than 3 errors.

Results and Discussion

Student uses both words and graphics to synthesize and present results to the class.

Student synthesizes and presents results to the class.

Student lists and presents results to the class.

Student presentation is vague and results are difficult to understand

Draft: 5/17/2023


Draft: 5/17/2023

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