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BERMEJO, JOHN JULIUS O,RT3 Pateros Rescue UnitMunicipality of PaterosNational Capital Region

Philippine Hazards, Vulnerabilities & Risks

Philippine Disasters

1. Natural HazardsHydro-meteorologicalGeological

2. Human induced hazardsTechnologicalEnvironmentalSocio-Economic, Political, Security Hazards

TYPES OF HAZARDS PRESENT IN THE COUNTRY:

Hydro-Meteorological Hazards Cyclone Typhoon Tornado Thunderstorm Flood Storm Surge Global Warming Extreme Climatic Variabilities Drought

Natural Hazards

THUNDERSTORM

12,000 m

9,000 m

6,000 m

3,000 m

CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS

Forked LightningCrooked lightningbolts discharge fromcloud to ground or cloud to air

Sheet LightningClouds, rain blocksforked lightning bolt,but flash illuminatesclouds.

Ball LightningOn rare occasions, small glowing ballsloops from the cloud,but quickly vanish.

Sample pictures of hailSample pictures of hail

SOUTHWEST MONSOON (HABAGAT)

NN

EEWW

SS

NORTHEAST MONSOON (AMIHAN)

NN

EEWW

SS

Cold air from Siberia

INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE

TROPICAL CYCLONE

Satellite Picture of Typhoon FeriaSatellite Picture of Typhoon Feria

FREQUENCY OF PASSAGE OF TROPICAL CYCLONES BY GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES IN THE PHILIPPINES

5 cyclones in 2 yrs2 cyclones

per year

5 cyclones in 3 yrs 3 cyclones

in 2 yrs

1 cyclone per year

1 cyclone in 12 yrs

Tropical Tropical DepressionDepression ( less than 64 KPH )( less than 64 KPH )

Tropical StormTropical Storm ( 64 to 117 KPH ) ( 64 to 117 KPH )

Typhoon Typhoon (greater than 117 KPH )(greater than 117 KPH )

CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONE

Floods

It is an 8-160 km wide dome of water that It is an 8-160 km wide dome of water that sweeps over the coastline during landfall of sweeps over the coastline during landfall of a tropical cyclone.a tropical cyclone.

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)Administration (PAGASA)

Communities with a steeper continental will not see as much Communities with a steeper continental will not see as much surge inundationsurge inundation


A shallow slope off the coast will allow a greater surge to inundate A shallow slope off the coast will allow a greater surge to inundate coastal communities. coastal communities.


PPhilippine hilippine AArearea ofof RResponsibilityesponsibility

NAMES OF TROPICAL CYCLONE IN THE PHILIPPINESNAMES OF TROPICAL CYCLONE IN THE PHILIPPINES

AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWYYZZ

AURINGAURINGBISINGBISING

CRISINGCRISINGDANTEDANTEEMONGEMONGFERIAFERIAGORIOGORIO

HUANINGHUANINGISANGISANGJOLINAJOLINAKIKOKIKO

LABUYOLABUYOMARINGMARINGNANDONANDOONDOYONDOYPEPENGPEPENGQUEDANQUEDAN

RAMILRAMILSANTISANTITINOTINO

URDUJAURDUJAVINTAVINTAWILMAWILMA

YOLANDAYOLANDAZORAIDZORAIDAA

II200120012005200520092009

AGATONAGATONBASYANGBASYANG

CALOYCALOYDOMENGDOMENG

ESTERESTERFLORITAFLORITAGLENDAGLENDAHENRYHENRYINDAYINDAYJUANJUAN

KATRINGKATRINGLUISLUIS

MILENYOMILENYONENENGNENENGOMPONGOMPONGPAENGPAENG

QUEENIEQUEENIEREMINGREMINGSENIANGSENIANGTOMASTOMASUSMANUSMANVENUSVENUSWALDOWALDOYAYANGYAYANG

ZENYZENY

IIII200220022006200620102010

AMANGAMANGBEBENGBEBENGCHEDENGCHEDENGDODONGDODONGEGAYEGAYFALCONFALCONGORINGGORINGHANNAHANNAINENGINENGJUANINGJUANINGKABAYANKABAYANLANDOLANDOMINAMINANONOYNONOYONYOKONYOKPEDRINGPEDRINGQUIELQUIELRAMONRAMONSENDONGSENDONGTISOYTISOYURSULAURSULAVIRINGVIRINGWENGWENGYOYOYYOYOYZIGZAGZIGZAG

IIIIII200320032007200720112011

AMBOAMBOBUTCHOYBUTCHOYCOSMECOSMEDINDODINDOENTENGENTENGFRANKFRANKGENERGENERHELENHELENIGMEIGMEJULIANJULIANKARENKARENLAWINLAWINMARCEMARCENINANINAOFELOFELPABLOPABLOQUINTAQUINTAROLLYROLLYSIONYSIONYTONYOTONYOUNDINGUNDINGVIOLETAVIOLETAWINNIEWINNIEYOYONGYOYONGZOSIMOZOSIMO

IVIV200420042008200820122012

Drought & Fish Kill

WHY DO EXTREME WEATHER & CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

DEVELOP THESE PAST YEARS ? ? ?

Earth’s Ozone Layer Depletion

What does the climate system consist What does the climate system consist of?of?

Schematic view of the components of the climate system, their processes and interactions

the climate system a complex system (atmosphere1, land 2surface, snow

3and ice, oceans and4 other bodies of water, and living5 things)

A diagram of the natural greenhouse effect on earth, where the Earth's temperature is kept constant to support life.

A diagram showing how additional greenhouse gases trap more heat in the Earth’s atmosphere and raises the temperature.

Geological Phenomena and Hazards

Earthquake Tsunami Volcanic Eruption Astronomical Hazards

Natural Hazards

Earthquakes occur within the Earthquakes occur within the Philippine Archipelago every now Philippine Archipelago every now

and then mainly because the and then mainly because the country is situated along twomajor country is situated along twomajor tectonic plates of the world – tectonic plates of the world –

the the PACIFIC PLATESPACIFIC PLATES and and the the EURASIAN PLATESEURASIAN PLATES..

July 16, 1990; Intensity 8July 16, 1990; Intensity 81,666 dead – 3,500 injured 1,666 dead – 3,500 injured

P11B cost of damage in P11B cost of damage in property P1.2B in agricultureproperty P1.2B in agriculture

Geological HazardsGeological Hazards

The Philippine Archipelago occupies the western ring of the Pacific Ocean (Western Segment of the Pacific Ring of Fire), a most active part of the earth that is characterized by an ocean-encircling belt of active volcanoes and earthquake generators (faults).

Like floating pieces of a 3D jigsaw puzzle, the Earth's plates that form the crust of the Earth are not locked in place. On the contrary, the plates are always in motion and it is not always a smooth ride. We may not see the plates as they move against each other, but we can sometimes feel the result in the form of earthquakes.

Like floating pieces of a 3D jigsaw puzzle, the Earth's plates that form the crust of the Earth are not locked in place. On the contrary, the plates are always in motion and it is not always a smooth ride. We may not see the plates as they move against each other, but we can sometimes feel the result in the form of earthquakes.

A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground. Trenches are generally defined by being deeper than they are wide (as opposed to a wider gully or ditch), and by being narrow compared to their length (as opposed to a simple hole)

A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground. Trenches are generally defined by being deeper than they are wide (as opposed to a wider gully or ditch), and by being narrow compared to their length (as opposed to a simple hole)

A fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement. Large faults within the Earth's crust result from the action oftectonic forces. Energy release associated with rapid movement on active faults is the cause of most earthquakes

What is the Valley Fault System?What is the Valley Fault System?

The Valley Fault System, also known as the Marikina Valley Fault System, is a group of dextral strike-slip fault which extends from San Mateo, Rizal to Taguig City on the south; running through the cities of Makati, Marikina, Paranaque, Pasig and Taguig.

What is the Valley Fault System?What is the Valley Fault System?

The Valley Fault System, also known as the Marikina Valley Fault System, is a group of dextral strike-slip fault which extends from San Mateo, Rizal to Taguig City on the south; running through the cities of Makati, Marikina, Paranaque, Pasig and Taguig.

Earthquake Hazards

Sink Hole

Liquefaction

Japan Nuclear Meltdown

Nuclear Radiation Exposed

Affects the country’s coastal areas up to four meters Affects the country’s coastal areas up to four meters above sea level. The coastal areas of southwest above sea level. The coastal areas of southwest

Mindanao are most vulnerableMindanao are most vulnerable

Affects the country’s coastal areas up to four meters Affects the country’s coastal areas up to four meters above sea level. The coastal areas of southwest above sea level. The coastal areas of southwest

Mindanao are most vulnerableMindanao are most vulnerable

Geological HazardsGeological Hazards(Effect of an Earthquake)(Effect of an Earthquake)

Tsunami

Moro Gulf Earthquake Moro Gulf Earthquake 19761976

Mt. Pinatubo - The worst volcanic eruption of the century June Mt. Pinatubo - The worst volcanic eruption of the century June 1991 800 - dead P10.6B - damage1991 800 - dead P10.6B - damage

Geological HazardsGeological Hazards

. Barren Island, Andaman Sea You can find this volcano in the Andaman Sea. This is the only volcano that is still active in South Asia. Most part of the volcano lies below the ocean and its peak can be seen at a height of 354 meters. Its first recorded eruption took place as far back as 1787. Since then it has erupted more than 6 times.

Major eruptions alter the Earth's radiative balance because volcanic aerosol clouds absorb terrestrial radiation, and scatter a significant amount of the incoming solar radiation, an effect known as "radiative forcing" that can last from two to three years following a volcanic eruption.

Astronomical Hazards

Human Induced Hazards Air & Maritime Disaster Fire Vehicular Accidents Hazardous Material/Chemical

Spill Red Tide/Food Poisoning Socio Political Hazards Complex Emergencies

Human Induced Hazards

Technological HazardsTechnological Hazards

April 19, 2000April 19, 2000Air Philippines Flight 541 crashed in the mountains of Mindanao. All Air Philippines Flight 541 crashed in the mountains of Mindanao. All

120 passengers and crew died120 passengers and crew died

Maritime Disaster

Vehicular Accident

Payatas Dump Site Tragedy Payatas Dump Site Tragedy July 10, 2000July 10, 2000

224 dead – 38 missing 224 dead – 38 missing

Environmental HazardsEnvironmental Hazards

Environmental HazardsEnvironmental Hazards

Affects 8 million residents from the coastal areas whose livelihood are Affects 8 million residents from the coastal areas whose livelihood are affectedaffected

Almost every year, there have been reported cases of deaths due to Almost every year, there have been reported cases of deaths due to paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP)

MANOR HOTEL FIRE TRAGEDYMANOR HOTEL FIRE TRAGEDYAugust 18, 2001 August 18, 2001

LUNG CENTER BLAZELUNG CENTER BLAZEMay 17, 1998 May 17, 1998

THE OLD ORPHANAGETHE OLD ORPHANAGEDecember 3, 1998 December 3, 1998

THE OZONE DISCOTHE OZONE DISCOMarch 1996March 1996

MANOR HOTEL FIRE TRAGEDYMANOR HOTEL FIRE TRAGEDYAugust 18, 2001 August 18, 2001

LUNG CENTER BLAZELUNG CENTER BLAZEMay 17, 1998 May 17, 1998

THE OLD ORPHANAGETHE OLD ORPHANAGEDecember 3, 1998 December 3, 1998

THE OZONE DISCOTHE OZONE DISCOMarch 1996March 1996

Man-Made HazardsMan-Made Hazards

Chemical, Biological, Radiological Nuclear Emergencies

Political DestabilizationPolitical Destabilization

Socio-Political/Security HazardsSocio-Political/Security Hazards

Terrorist Attack by Local / International Terrorist Attack by Local / International Terrorist Groups Terrorist Groups

BASHIRBASHIRBASHIRBASHIR

IMRONIMRONIMRONIMRON DWIKARNADWIKARNADWIKARNADWIKARNA

HAMBALIHAMBALIHAMBALIHAMBALI

AMROZIAMROZIAMROZIAMROZI BAFANABAFANABAFANABAFANA


BOMBING INCIDENTSBOMBING INCIDENTS


Massive collateral damage to OFWs in or near Massive collateral damage to OFWs in or near conflict areas abroadconflict areas abroad


TOP 10 MOST HAZARDOUS DISEASES OF THE 21ST CENTURY

1. RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS2. HIV / AIDS 3. MALARIA4. DIARRHOEA5. TUBERCULOSIS6. MEASLES7. WHOOPING COUGH8. TETANUS9. MENINGITIS10.SYPHILIS

At least 20% of the population are At least 20% of the population are affected & in need of emergency affected & in need of emergency assistance assistance or those dwelling units or those dwelling units have been destroyedhave been destroyed

A great number or at least 40% of the A great number or at least 40% of the means means of livelihood such as bancas, of livelihood such as bancas, fishing boats, fishing boats, vehicles and the like vehicles and the like are destroyedare destroyed

At least 20% of the population are At least 20% of the population are affected & in need of emergency affected & in need of emergency assistance assistance or those dwelling units or those dwelling units have been destroyedhave been destroyed

A great number or at least 40% of the A great number or at least 40% of the means means of livelihood such as bancas, of livelihood such as bancas, fishing boats, fishing boats, vehicles and the like vehicles and the like are destroyedare destroyed

NDCC Memo Order No. 4, dtd 04Mar98NDCC Memo Order No. 4, dtd 04Mar98

Major roads and bridges are destroyed Major roads and bridges are destroyed and impassable for at least a week, and impassable for at least a week, thus thus disrupting the flow of transport disrupting the flow of transport and and commercecommerce

Widespread destruction of fishponds, Widespread destruction of fishponds, crops, crops, poultry and livestock, and poultry and livestock, and other other agricultural products, and agricultural products, and

EpidemicsEpidemics

Major roads and bridges are destroyed Major roads and bridges are destroyed and impassable for at least a week, and impassable for at least a week, thus thus disrupting the flow of transport disrupting the flow of transport and and commercecommerce

Widespread destruction of fishponds, Widespread destruction of fishponds, crops, crops, poultry and livestock, and poultry and livestock, and other other agricultural products, and agricultural products, and

EpidemicsEpidemics

NDCC Memo Order No. 4, dtd 04Mar98NDCC Memo Order No. 4, dtd 04Mar98

Hydro Meteorological Disaster

Geological Disaster

Why the need for State of Calamity Area Declaration?

To facilitate relief and rehabilitation efforts in To facilitate relief and rehabilitation efforts in calamity-affected areascalamity-affected areas

To control prices and prevent hoarding of basic To control prices and prevent hoarding of basic commoditiescommodities

To carry out remedial measures in the affected To carry out remedial measures in the affected areas such as grant of calamity loans to areas such as grant of calamity loans to disaster victims, moratorium in the payment of disaster victims, moratorium in the payment of taxes and release of funds from the national taxes and release of funds from the national and local governments.and local governments.

Vulnerable Groups

Poor Families

Elderly

Persons with Disability

Pregnant Women

“The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of

2010”(DRRM Act of 2010)

Approved May 27, 2011

*Implementing Rules and Regulations was approved on September 17, 2010

Republic Act No. 10121

risk assessments, risk assessments, plans, arrangements, plans, arrangements, training & exercisestraining & exercises

disaster / disaster / emergencyemergency

situation situation stabilizedstabilized

no longer direct threat to no longer direct threat to life/safety and propertylife/safety and property

““healing”, repair, healing”, repair, reconstruction & reconstruction & recoveryrecovery

mostly back mostly back to normalto normal

hazard/risk hazard/risk analysisanalysis

reduce risk, reduce risk, vulnerability & vulnerability & hazardhazard

vulnerability reducedvulnerability reduced

Mitigation Preparedness

Rehabilitation Response

The most effective strategy to minimize adverse effects of disasters remain to be mitigation and preparedness.

National Government cannot provide everything, it must establish disaster response-force multipliers in LGUs throughout the country.

Our country's geographic location makes us prone to

hazards.

Each member of the community must secure first his/her self/family’s safety

After securing the safety of the family, help others who needs to be helped

Communities shall rely on their own capability in addressing the disaster.

IN THE EVENT OF MULTIPLE OCCURRENCE OF DISASTER

Limiting the use of pollutantsReduce Reuse and Recycle

Plant Trees Be prepared Share your knowledge and skills in disaster

preparedness Be an advocate of Disaster Risk Reduction &

Management ORGANIZE A DISASTER MANAGEMENT TEAM

IN YOUR OWN COMMUNITY TRAIN & ACTIVATE BRGY. EMERGENCY

RESPONSE TEAMS

HOW CAN WE HELP ?

The Hyogo Framework of Action is a 10-year plan to make the world safer from natural

hazards.

Adopted by 168 Member States of the United Nations in 2005 at the World Disaster Reduction Conference.

HFA is the first plan to explain, describe and detail the work that is required from all different sectors and actors to reduce disaster losses. It was developed and agreed on with the many partners needed to reduce disaster risk - governments, international agencies, disaster experts and many others.

BUILDING THE RESILIENCE OF NATIONS AND COMMUNITIES TO

DISASTERS

Priority Action 1: Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation.

Priority Action 2: Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning.

Priority Action 3: Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels.

Hyogo Framework of Action Priority Action

Priority Action 4: Reduce the underlying risk factors.

Priority Action 5: Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels.

Hyogo Framework of Action Priority Action

"Disaster risk reduction is an obligation for all -- donors,

governments and the private sector. We cannot wait for more disasters to happen to understand the benefits of

Disaster Risk Reduction policies.“

-- Toni Frisch, Swiss Humanitarian Aid Department

The Paradigm Shift

Disaster is an abnormal situationThe citizenry looked up at

government for support where most of the resources are present

Local government are the victims, at times are confused and don’t know what to do

Our bureaucracy and other rules and regulations are for normal times

Decisions during the first five minutes will affect the management for the next five days

You cannot quantify lives; every victim has the right to be rescued, to be treated, and to be supported to be able to go back to his normal life ; every dead has the right to be identified, to be buried with dignity

The Paradigm Shift (cont.)

Plan ahead. It wasn’t raining when Noah built the Ark.

Stay fit, as this maybe required when time comes.

Remember, the Ark was built by amateurs, the Titanic was made by professionals.

No matter what the storm, when you are ready and your with GOD, there’s always a rainbow waiting.

Things to remember;

“WE PREVENT DISASTERS

IFWE MANAGE

EMERGENCIES”

Thank You for SLEEPING!Always Stay SAFE!

Source: National GeographicDOST, PHIVOLCSPAG-ASAHyogo Framework

BANDAGING1.) WOUND AT THE BACK OF THE HEAD2.) CHEST BANDAGE3.) BACK OF CHEST4.) ARM SLING 5.) UNDERARM SLING6.) HAND BANDAGE7.) FOREHEAD BANDAGE8.) CHEEK, EAR, AND JAW BANDAGE9.) FOREARM BANDAGE10.) PALM BANDAGE (VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL)11.) ELBOW AND KNEE BANDAGE12.) SPRAINED ANKLE (SHOE ON AND SHOE OFF)

RESCUE TRANSFER AND

CARRIES

ASSIST TO WALK

PIGGY BACK CARRY

FIREMAN’S DRAG

BLANKET DRAG

SHOULDER DRAG

CHAIR AS A LITTER

FOUR-HAND SEAT

BEARERS ALONG SIDE (FOR NARROW ALLEYS)

HAMMOCK CARRY

BLANKET CARRY

de asaster

Technology

philippine hazards

frequency of tropical

names of tropical cyclone

philippines1 cyclone

year1 cyclone

philippine archipelago

kph tropical storm

security hazards