dealing with hazards and risks

DEALING WITHHAZARDS AND RISKS

Course AdministrationCourse Administration

• Emergency procedures• Facilities ; GSMs• First aid, prayers, refreshments and toilets• Documentation:

– Class roster and HSE passports

• Restrictions:– Smoking, telephones and pagers

• Introductions:– Name, company, position and expectations of

the course

Rules of Engagement

Be punctual, no side conversations, show respect and courtesy to others at all times

Mobile phones switched off.

INCLUDE - Its up to YOU to include the whole team

I - I don’t have all the answersN - Need to involve the whole teamC - Collective thinking is powerfulL - Learn by listeningU - Understand we think differentlyD - Don’t think my way is the only wayE - Establish the best possible outcome together

PDO Emergency Number

From any PDO telephone line call

5555From mobile phones and external lines call

2467-55552438-5555

For Civil Defence Assistance, call

9999

Objectives of the Course Objectives of the Course

• Develop your knowledge and understanding of the most common hazards and risks that are faced at work on daily basis, and

• Develop your knowledge and skills in dealing with hazards and risks that assures you always use safe actions and practices in and around the work place.

Incidents & Accidents

Why do incidents and accidents happen?

What are the most common and frequent types of incidents that lead to injuries and/or fatalities in PDO operations?

What are the reasons that lead to such incidents?

Working at Height

• What do you see in the picture?

• What is wrong?

• What more could go wrong?

• What will be the final result if things do go wrong?

• How would you do this job?

Definitions

• Hazard – anything with the potential to cause harm.

• Barriers – controls in place to prevent release of the hazards.

Breaking Barriers

• There are always sufficient barriers available to reduce risks from hazards and prevent incidents.

• When one or more barriers are broken simultaneously, by mistake or intentionally, incidents happen.

• In most of the incidents, at least one person knows in advance that barriers have been broken but does not action or report it on time.

Likelihood × Consequence =Risk

Definition of Risk

“The chance or probability that someone or something will be harmed”

Consequence - The amount of harm or damage that the hazard could cause.

Varying Degrees of Risk

Incr

easi

ng C

onse

quen

ces

Increasing Likelihood

PDO’s Risk Assessment Matrix (RAM)

Moderate impact

Moderate effect

Moderate damage

Major injury or health effect

3

Major impact

Major effect

Major damage

PTD or up to 3 fatalities

4

No impactNo effectNo damage

No injury or health effect

0

EDCBA

Massive impact

Massive effect

Massive damage

More than 3 fatalities5

Minor impact

Minor effect

Minor damage

Minor injury or health effect

2

Slight impact

Slight effect

Slight damage

Slight injury or health effect

1

Has happened more than once per year at the Location

Has happened at the Location or more than once per year in the Company

Has happened in the Company or more than once per year in the Industry

Heard of in the Industry

Never heard of in the Industry

Increasing likelihood Consequences

Moderate impact

Moderate effect

Moderate damage

Major injury or health effect

3

Major impact

Major effect

Major damage

PTD or up to 3 fatalities

4

No impactNo effectNo damage

No injury or health effect

0

EDCBA

Massive impact

Massive effect

Massive damage

More than 3 fatalities5

Minor impact

Minor effect

Minor damage

Minor injury or health effect

2

Slight impact

Slight effect

Slight damage

Slight injury or health effect

1

Has happened more than once per year at the Location

Has happened at the Location or more than once per year in the Company

Has happened in the Company or more than once per year in the Industry

Heard of in the Industry

Never heard of in the Industry

Increasing likelihood Consequences

Rep

uta

tion

Breaking Barriers and Defeating Controlsleads to serious consequences

Hazard

Consequence

WORK

Barriersor Controls

Incidents

Have you ever been involved or witnessed a serious incident or accident?

• Please share the story with the room.– What happened?– Why did it happen?– Was there any way to prevent it?

Why do people take risk?

Common Workplace Hazards

What are the most common hazards present in your workplace?

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

Common workplace hazards

Uneven or slippery surface

Working at height Moving vehicles or machinery

Lifting or manual handling

High pressure or high temperature

Electrical installations or

equipment

Dropped objects Gas release, H2S, explosion or fire

Radiation Chemical or biological

substances

Confined space Noise & other environmental

hazards

Common workplace hazards

Hazards and Risks

This cable is a hazardhazard. Why?. Why?

Because there is a riskrisk that you could trip over it and hurt yourself.

What hazards do you see?

What risks do you see?

Photo 14

Photo 11

What hazards do you see?

What risks do you see?

Actual Incidents

Fall from Height – 1 Killed

While derrickman was man-riding up in the derrick, the snatch block opened and derrickman fell down about 30-35 m to rigfloor.

Some of the Causes:

• Improper inspection of equipment

• Use of wrong equipment for man-riding

• No Permit to Work used• Failure to comply with

procedures

What happened?

A Halliburton Tubing Operator was working on the coiled tubing unit (CTU) platform in the Budour Field when the platform toppled over. The IP fell approximately 8m to the ground and some of the equipment from the platform landed on top of him.He suffered fractures to the skull and nose and had bleeding in his brain.

Multiple serious Injuries

What happened?A Roustabout for Sea & Land Drilling Contractors, was making his way back down from the top of the Blow Out Preventer (BOP) stack when he slipped. He fell from the top of the shear ram BOP onto the cellar grating, approx. 2.75m below, landing on his arm. He was wearing a safety harness at the time.

The Roustabout sustained a dislocated shoulder and was then transferred to hospital for further assessment where x-rays revealed he had also sustained a crack at the top of the upper arm bone.

Shoulder Injury - 2008

•The roustabout had not attached his harness to the fall arrestor.

Some other Consequences

These can happen on your site.

What will you do to prevent them?

Hazards & Risks

Hazards and Risks

Video

Classroom Hazards & Risks

• What hazards and risk do you see in this room and anywhere else within this building?

• What barriers or controls are in place to assure our safety?

• Discuss and list solutions to make such activities safer?

Working at Height

• What are the main activities in your workplace that require working at height?

• What are the hazards and risks involved in such activities?

• What barriers or controls are in place to assure safe operations?


Working in Confined Spaces

• What are the main activities in your workplace that require working in confined spaces?




Dealing with High Pressure

• What are the main activities in your workplace involve dealing with high pressures?




Lifting and Loading Activities

• What are the main activities in your workplace that require lifting or loading of heavy equipment?




Chemicals and Radioactive Hazards

• What activities in your workplace require dealing with chemicals or radioactive materials?




HSE TOOLS & SYSTEMS

HSE Tools & Systems

• What HSE tools and systems do you have in your workplace?

– What is good about them that you see being very effective?

– What is not good that needs to be fixed?

HSE Tools & Systems

• What happens if we do not have tools & systems in a workplace?

Incidents

Injuries

Fatalities

Key HSE Tools & Systems

PPE

Toolbox Meeting

Risk Assessment

PTWJHA

JSP STOP

Adequate Supervision

Competence

TRIC

Incidents

Injuries

Fatalities

Empowerment to stop

RulesHSE MS•Policies•Standards•Procedures•Specifications•Guidelines

Key HSE Tools & Systems

PPE

Toolbox Meeting

Risk Assessment

PTWJHA

JSP STOP

Adequate Supervision

Competence

TRIC

Incidents

Injuries

Fatalities

Empowerment to stop

RulesHSE MS•Policies•Standards•Procedures•Specifications•Guidelines

• Which one is the most important tool in your workplace?

• Why is it the most important?

• Which one of the above is the last line of defence to prevent incidents?

• Why is it the last line of defence?

Rules

• Golden Rules

• House Rules

• Life Saving Rules

• What are these rules? mention some.

• Why are they important?

• What are you going to do about them?

PDO HSE Golden Rules

You and I:You and I:• ComplyComply with the

law, standards and procedures

• InterveneIntervene on unsafe or non-compliant actions

• RespectRespect our neighbours

John Malcolm – MD, PDO

So, if you and I:• RespectRespect those we work and

come into contact with,• We will intervene intervene on unsafe

or non-compliant actions, and in so doing

• Achieve complianceAchieve compliance with the law, standards and procedures.

PDO HSE House Rules

• I stop any job that feels unsafe• I understand the rules for a job or I find out.• I wear the correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

for the task.• I use the right tool for the job and use them correctly.• I keep my workplace clean, tidy & free from obstruction.• I hold the handrail when using the stairs.• I do use a seatbelt and do not use a mobile phone whilst

driving.• I reduce sources of waste.

Life Saving Rules

Stopping work to correct unsafe

acts or practices

Authority to Stop unsafe work

• Who may stop unsafe work?

• How will you use it in your workplace?

• Do you think it is a useful tool?

• Why does it fail most of the time to prevent incidents, accidents & injuries?

Authority to Stop unsafe work

You are authorised by PDO’s MD:

• to use this HSE tool if you believe any work or action is unsafe or potentially unsafe.

• to INTERVENE, and STOP the work, and to correct the unsafe action or condition, without penalty to yourself.

Why do you think people avoid using this simple,

but essential tool of

Stopping unsafe work?Stopping unsafe work?

How can you help to break down the barriers you have

identified that cause some to avoid using using the tool for

stopping unsafe work?Stopping unsafe work

Permit to Work System

Permit to Work (PTW)

• What do you think a PTW system is?

• Why do you think we have a PTW system?

• Who do you think is involved in it?

• How do you think it works?

• What problems can you think it might present you with?

Obtain a valid Permit to Workwhenever required for the task at hand

• PTW Applicant must visit the worksite when planning the task.

• The PTW Approver must also visit the worksite, when required by the PTW procedure.

• An effective, documented toolbox talk is needed to ensure that all PTW conditions are well understood by the work team.

• Proper controls and procedures must be followed.

• Through site visits, supervisors and department heads shall verify PTW is adhered to and Job Safety Plans are being followed.

Look at this incident & find out what goes wrong

1

What Went Wrong?

• Do you think a PTW was used?

• If yes, why did it fail?

• If no, how would a PTW prevent this incident?

Toolbox-Talk(TBT)

Toolbox Talks (TBT)

• What do you think a TBT is?

• Who delivers it?• When should it be delivered?

• Why is it important to have them?

• Why is a TBT of benefit to you?

• What should you do if something changes after the TBT?

Toolbox-Talk Risk Identification Card

(TRIC)

Dynamic Risk ReviewAs the work progresses, conditions Change and hazards, risk & controls must be reassessed. It is planned, as a

minimum to re-assess them at the following stages:

1. Check job requirements & timings.2. Check if Permit to Work is required.3. Break job down into tasks overleaf.4. Ensure all people required for the job are competent and involved in hazard identification process. 5. Identify and list all hazards for each task.6. Identify and list all controls needed for each task.7. Assign responsible person to check & ensure controls are in place.8. Verify if the controls are active & sufficient for the job.9. Hold toolbox talk with all using TRIC10. Carry out work & perform Dynamic Risk Review as scheduled.

Check Points

Toolbox-Talk Risk Identification Card (TRIC)

TToolbox Talkoolbox Talk

RRiskisk

IIdentificationdentification

CCardardLocation: ____________________________________________________________

TBT Leader: _______________________________________________________

Date: ________________________________Time: _______________________

Job: ___________________________________________________________________

Attendees

Reviewed By (Initials):

Talk Leader:

Supervisor:

Manager:

Action Required:

Update procedures:

Update Risk Assessments:

Other:

Planning of the Job

1_____________________________ 7 ____________________________

2_____________________________ 8 ____________________________

3_____________________________ 9 ____________________________

4_____________________________ 10___________________________

5_____________________________ 11___________________________

6_____________________________ 12___________________________

Moving Vehicles or Machinery

Uneven or slippery surfaces

Gas Release, H2S, Fire

Chemicals, Radiation

High pressureHigh

temperature

Lifting & Handling

Noise or Other Environmental

Hazards

Electrical Equipment/ Installation

Dropped Objects

If the answer to any of these questions is NO , then the safety of you and your team

is at risk. Pause and check again.

In case of emergency call 5555 via any PDO phone line or 24-675555 via mobile phone or external line

• Does everyone have correct PPE?• Do you have all required tools & they are in good condition?• Is everyone aware of other activities happening on-site?• Have you discussed Life Saving Rules?• Have you agreed how to communicate with each other?• Does everyone know that if there is a shift change or new people joining then another TBT is required?

Indicate Yes by √ or No by x wherever applicable

1.

2.

3.

4.

Use hazards warning signs below as reminders

Use the Pause & Check Card for Dynamic Risk Review

Tasks:Break the job down into a logical sequence of steps

Hazards:What hazards did you find for each task?

Controls:What controls are in place or will you put in place?

Responsibilities:Who will be responsible for each of those controls?

Are controls in place?

No Yes

Debrief: use this space to record any comments or new learning from the job.

HAZARDS CONTROL SHEETUse this section to break the job down into steps, identify the hazards

and controls and assign responsibilities for the controls.

Job Card/Permit #/HAZ-ID #Procedure Reference:

Job Description:

Life Saving RulesTick & discussrules that apply

A good TRIC - Talk will identify all risks that exist prior to starting the job

Many incidents are caused by a failure to recognise change

The TRIC - Talk Leader should use ‘Pause & Check’ to re-assess the TRIC at regular intervals

Remember, you are duty bound to stop a job if you have a safety concern

Safety Training Observation Program

STOP

Safety Contact

•Fatalities •Lost Time Injuries

•Medical Treatment•First-Aid Cases

•Unsafe Acts•Unsafe Conditions

Iceberg

What is STOP™?

• Safety

• Training

• Observation

• Programme

STOP™ and You

• Managers and supervisors will do STOP™ visits

• Safe and Unsafe Acts and Conditions• Fill in a STOP™ card• No name, except manager/supervisor• Talk about safety with each other• Make suggestions!

Head to Toe Check

•Look ...

•Inside

•Behind

•Below

Using the STOP™ ‘Total Observation’ Technique

•Above

•ABBI

Using the STOP™ ‘Total Observation’ Technique

•Listen ...•Unusual sounds ...

•Smell ...•Unusual odours ...

•Feel ...•Unusual temperatures or vibrations ...

•What is Safe? What is Unsafe?

•What is Safe?

•What is Unsafe?

STOP™ Card

THE STOP™ CATEGORIES

How to fill in the card (example 1)

•You do a STOP™ on an employee. As you approach, he quickly puts his hard hat on. When you speak to him he admits he knows why he should wear the hard hat.•What did the employee do?

•What PPE was the problem?

•What could have happened?

•What could be said about the procedure?

How to fill in the card (example 2)

•You do a STOP™ on an employee. He stands on three crates (1m tall each) to tighten a bolt. You speak to him and he says he knows of no other way to do it. There was no reaction from him when you approached

•Did the employee use a safety harness?

•What could have happened?

•Did he have the right tool for the job?

•What could be said about the procedure?

The Back Of The Card

•Safe Acts

•Unsafe acts

•Other info

What is a STOP™ Safety Observation?

•+

•0:00

•0:30 min

The STOP™ Observation Process …

THINK

How to talk to someone...• Stop the person• Say something good• Express concern for the unsafe act• Explain what could happen• Ask the person to work safely in the future• Say thank you• Fill in the STOP™ card or ask someone to fill it in for

you

• Hand STOP™ card in

Group Discussion

• Why would we want to talk to each other about• working safely?

• What would be the effect if we all worked • safely all the time?

Finale

Why we have Rules

dealing with hazards and risks

Documents

common hazards present

incidents accidentswhy

common workplace hazardswhat

barriers controls

frequent types of incidents

sufficient barriers

work place

pdo operations