Meaningful Learning and Schema Theory

Laura B, Laura J, Allison, Peter

Ausubel’s Meaningful Reception

Reception Learning the educator will

present the entirety of what is to be learned to

the learner in its final form.(for example - direct teaching of math facts)

Discovery learning learners are required to

rearrange a given array of information,

integrate it with existing cognitive structure

and reorganize or transform the integrated

combination in such a way as to create a

desired end product.*Ausubel believes...this hardly constitutes an efficient

primary means of transmitting the content of an

academic discipline*(for example - mixing primary colored paints together to discover

what they create)

Rote Learning a process in which the

learner undergoes verbatim memorization

of information. In this style, the learner

makes no real connection between known

information and what has been memorized. (for example - memorizing the pledge)

Meaningful Learning occurs when

potentially meaningful information is

connected to what the learner already

knows in a non-arbitrary and substantive

way.(for example - teaching proper eating habits by using

what students eat for lunch and dinner)

“Meaning occurs when learners actively interpret their experiences using a certain

internal cognitive operation”

Assimilation Theory

Derivative and Correlative Subsumption

· Subsumption - Attach new ideas and details in a subordinate fashion to the anchoring ideas

already present.

· Derivative subsumption - Learning of new examples or cases that are illustrative of an

established concept or previously earned proposition.

· Correlative subsumption - Elaboration extension or modification of the previously learned

concept or proposition by the subsumption of the incoming idea

Superordinate and Combinatorial Learning

· Superordinate learning - Occurs through a synthesis of established ideas – a new inclusive

proposition or concept is learned under which already established ideas can be subsumed

· Combinational learning – A new idea is not relatable in a specific sense to an existing anchor

but is generally relevant to a broad background of information.

Assimilation Theory

Schema Theory

1. Schema: organizing and orienting attitude that

involves active organization of past experiences.

“A data structure for representing the

generic concepts stored in memory.”

Ex: You go into a room. You sit down. You order

something. You wait. You pay. You leave.

What did you think of?

2. Schemata: packets of knowledge (like plays)

Schema Acquisition and Modification

1. Accretion: most common;

learning facts; based on

comprehension/understanding

2. Restructuring: the creation of

entirely new schemata which

replace old ones

3. Tuning: existing schemata

serve as the base for

development of new ones; “fine

tuning”

References

Assimilation Theory. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from

http://teorije-ucenja.zesoi.fer.hr/doku.php?id=learning_th

eories:assimilation_theory

Driscoll, M. (2005). Psychology of learning for instruction (3rd

ed.). Boston: Pearson Allyn and Bacon.

Organization structure. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015,

from http://www.tra.gov.lb/Organization-structure

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