“Deep Culture” In Hybrid Peace Operations: Multidimensional

Training Challenge

Robert A. RubinsteinThe Maxwell School of Syracuse University

Prepared for Peace? The Use and Abuse of “Culture” in Military Simulations, Training and Education

6 December 2004

The Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina UniversityThe Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University

Military IGOs/NGOs* Closely controlled * Independent or semi-independent* Hierarchical * Decentralized* Well resourced * Minimally staffed* Extensive doctrine/SOPs * Few standard practices* Short term * “Long haul”* Culturally insensitive * Culturally aware* Precise, predictable * Creative, unpredictable* Highly accountable * Little accountability* Expeditionary, quick * May already be in the AO, or slow

* One constituency * Multiple constituencies * Comfortable with status quo * Idealistic “change agents” * Appreciate precise tasks * Thrive on ambiguity

* “Carries the flag” * IGOs usually have official status, NGOs usually no official status

Some Generalizations about Military-Civilian Organizational Culture Differences in Peace Operations

“Deep” Culture and Training Challenges in Hybrid Peace Operations

Enacted Appropriate

Embodied Sensitive

Embedded Aligned