Sony Pictures Confidential – Internal Use Only

Definitions of 4k and Extended Dynamic Range

October 15th, 2014

Sony Pictures has established the following policy with respect to high quality image characteristics, 4K terminology and extended dynamic range: To be considered 4K a title must be acquired either on film (35mm or 65mm), and scanned at 4K (or higher) resolution, or with an industry accepted 4K (or higher) digital camera as the primary source, and must be finished/mastered in a true 4K workflow. The camera must have at least 4096 photosites across the area of the sensor that is used in the active picture, with at least half of those (2048) dedicated to the green channel. If camera file processing software (de-Bayering or other) is deployed, the system must be capable of decoding images directly to 4K or better resolution from the original Bayer pattern (or other pixel format) with no further pre-processing. Where applicable, the 4K workflow will have the output format as a 4K raster and will use the 4K master source for all shots, and any 2K VFX should be created from 4K master source. Sony Pictures defines extended dynamic range as both expanded color gamut (greater than Rec.709) and high dynamic range, maintaining highlight detail and lowlight/deep shadow detail (7 stops over/under middle gray). For high quality imaging, the primary camera must be capable of capturing a color gamut of P3 at a minimum, and a dynamic range of 14 stops (or better) in order to support extended dynamic range mastering for cinema and home delivery systems. A true high quality finishing workflow should be capable of generating a 16bit 4K (4096) or UHD (3840) digital source master with expanded color gamut as the primary deliverable. The 4K finishing workflow should also include capability for extended dynamic range mastering in the near future.

Sony Pictures Confidential – Internal Use Only

Sony Pictures Confidential – Internal Use Only

DEG Definitions4K Content Definition • Entertainment content source

compatible with Ultra HD TV standard (3840 x 2160 resolution or higher)

• Sources to include:– 4K Image capture or film scan– Upconverted content– Computer generated content

• Branding would not apply to content that is dynamically upconverted by the device

4k Ultra HD Branding• Group recommends consistency with

CEA direction• Ultra HD used as permanent

descriptor• “4K” to be added as a modifier before

Ultra HD– Allows for future proofing – e.g. “8K’, etc.

• HDR, if applicable, would be tagged after Ultra HD (eg 4k UltraHD with HDR)

Sony Pictures Confidential – Internal Use Only

SPE vs. DEG DefinitionsThe DEG definition of UHD/4k includes up-scaled content. This is content shot at less than 4k and converted to 4k in the mastering process.

SPHE is branding SPE 4k content that meets our definition of 4k as “Captured and mastered in 4k”

Sony Pictures Confidential – Internal Use Only

4K ACQUISITION EXAMPLES

Sony Pictures Confidential – Internal Use Only

Make 4k with Spherical & Anamorphic Lenses

4k only with Spherical (normal) Lenses Not 4k

Sony F65 F55 F35, F25, F900, F3

Arri Alexa 65Alexa and Amira (all models except Alexa 65, all shooting modes incl. “4k”)

Red Dragon Epic One

Others 35mm & 65mm film Phantom Flex 4k, Black Magic Ursa Panavision Genesis

When used with anamorphic lenses, these digital cameras only deliver 4k when the image is de-Bayered at 6k.

Content shot with a 2x anamorphic lens on a Super 35 sensor is center cropped in post production to give the correct aspect ratio in the un-squeezed image. This results in approximately 67% of the sensor width being used to create the active picture area therefore a 6k or greater de-Bayered image is required. This restriction does not apply to film shot full aperture.

Sony Pictures Confidential – Internal Use Only

Contacts for more information• Grover Crisp

Executive Vice PresidentAsset Management, Film Restoration & Digital Mastering

• Tracey GarvinSVP, Worldwide MarketingSony Pictures Home Entertainment(our representative to the DEG)

• Spencer StephensChief Technology Officer

• Bill BaggelaarSenior Vice PresidentTechnology, Colorworks