deliberative water governance: theory and practice in the ... · • more than mekong river •...
TRANSCRIPT
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Hydropower Governance and
Impact Assessment in the
Mekong Region
John Dore, PhD Senior Regional Water Resources Sector Specialist
Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) 12 September 2013
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Hydropower Governance
more than government
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Impact Assessment
part of governance,
more than EIA
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Mekong Region
more than Mekong River, more than Mekong Basin
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Mekong Region the territory,
ecosystems, people,
economies, politics
of:
Cambodia Laos Myanmar Thailand Vietnam China’s Yunnan
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Hydro expansion
82 existing + 179 under study (MRB ~140) Mekong River mainstream, 17-19 China, 11 LM local, provincial, national, transboundary impacts
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Energy
Eg. Regional grid and power
trading?
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Hydropower Governance a social process of
dialogue, negotiation and decision-making
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MRC office, Vientiane, Laos
Formal - National & transboundary
legal frameworks
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Informal
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Dialogue
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Many actors
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Impact Assessment
part of governance,
more than EIA
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EIA (red)
CA (green)
Construction (blue)
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EIA critique
“EIAs are often an exercise in rationalising pre-determined outcomes, rather than providing independent and rigorous analysis upon which sound decisions should be made”.
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Impact Assessment
1. Environmental IA
2. Social IA
3. Hydrological IA
4. Integrated IA
5. Vulnerability Assessment (VA)
6. Cumulative IA
7. Strategic (Environmental?) Assessment (SEA)
8. Transboundary (Environmental?) IA
9. People’s EIA
Plus…..
a. IFC Sustainability Framework & Bank Safeguards
b. Scenarios, options assessment, risk assessment
c. Industry tools eg. IHA Protocol, MRC RSAT etc..
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CIA Cumulative Impact Assessment
CIA is identifying and evaluating the significance of effects from multiple activities Examples Yunnan Lancang cascade (Adamson 2001) Nam Theun 2 (ADB 2004) Nam Ngum 3 (ADB 2008)
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SEA versus EIA
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SEA … anticipating and addressing the potential environmental consequences of proposed initiatives at higher levels of decision-making, and evaluating the interlinkages with economic and social considerations (Sadler 1995; OECD/DAC 2006).
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People’s EIA eg. Hua Na Irrigation 2008-2009
Method:
• Step I: Agreement on issues to be studied
• Step II: Data collection, analysis and rechecking
• Step III: Consensus building on impacts, mitigation plans and measures
• Step IV: Implementation of mitigation measures
• Step V: Decision making
• Step VI: Long term impact monitoring
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Mekong Region
• More than Mekong River
• More than Mekong River Basin
Hydropower governance
• More than government
• A social process of dialogue, negotiation and decision making.
Impact assessment
• A part of hydro governance
• More than “EIA”
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IA in hydro governance
In your experience: - What is it now? - What could it be?
Thanks for your attention
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Acknowledgements
Keskinen, M. and M. Kummu (2010). Impact assessment in the Mekong: Review of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA), Water and Development Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, Finland. Manorom, K. (2011). Peoples' EIA as a new approach for water governance: Case of Hua Na irrigation project in northeast Thailand. Ubon Ratchatani University, Thailand Mekong Region IA practitioners