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Page 1: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects
Page 2: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

Este folleto se encuentra disponible sin costo al solicitarlo llamando al Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772.

El Departamento de Salud de Virginia agradece a la Dra. Christine Peterson, M.D., de University of Virginia y al Dr. Phillip Gordon, M.D. Ph.D., de University of Virginia por su asistencia profesional al revisar el contenido de este folleto.

Las fotografías encontradas a lo largo del folleto fueron creadas por Lennart Nilsson, de Suecia, A Child is Born. 1986, Dell Publishing, y son utilizadas con autorización.

Las ilustraciones encontradas a lo largo del folleto fueron creadas por Peg Gerrity, Houston, TX. Los derechos de uso de estas ilustraciones son propiedad exclusiva del Departamento de Salud de Virginia.

La información que figura en este folleto fue reunida de folletos similares pulicados por el Departamento de Salud de Ohio, Departamento de Salud de Pennsylvania y Departamento de Salud de South Dakota, así como también mediante investigación realizada vía Internet.

Las Tasas de Supervivencia de 2012 para infantes muy prematuros se encuentran disponibles en:http://www.nichd.nih.gov/about/org/cdbpm/pp/prog_epbo/dataShow.cfm.

Page 3: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

The information in this booklet was designed to inform you of the probablephysical characteristics and functions of an unborn fetus throughout yourpregnancy. This booklet will detail the development of the embryo andfetus in approximately two-week intervals from fertilization to birth. It willinclude such details as average weight and length, organ development andmovement for that age. The length of the fetus is measured from the headto the buttocks.

There are two distinct ways in which medical professionals figure the ageof a pregnancy: weeks after the first day of the last menstrual period, ormenstrual weeks, and weeks after fertilization. This booklet will follow themenstrual weeks method, the method most often used in medical offices.In general, the “menstrual weeks” are two weeks ahead of the “weeks afterfertilization.” For example, 6 menstrual weeks is the same as 4 weeks after fertilization.

In this booklet you will find percentages referring to the survival rate of afetus at various stages of its development. National statistics are oftenreported in terms of a newborn's weight. However, a newborn's weight doesnot always match its gestational age (see definition). Very small babies whosurvive are often further along in their development than originallythought, and are often small for their age. In many cases, an accurate esti-mate of gestational age is not possible either before or after birth, therefore,the survival rate percentages should be considered approximate.

NTRODUCTIONFETAL DEVELOPMENTII

Page 4: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

DEFINITION OF TERMSThe following terms will be used throughout this booklet, and will beemphasized with italics the first time they are used. They are defined herein order to help a woman better understand each stage of development.

� AMNIOTIC FLUID: Fluid in the sac surrounding and protecting thefetus in the mother’s uterus.

� EMBRYO: After fertilization, the combined egg and sperm is called azygote. The zygote quickly divides into a cluster of different types ofcells which form the embryo. The developing embryo becomes a fetuswhich becomes a baby when born.

� FETAL DEVELOPMENT: The growth process of a fetus inside a woman.

� FERTILIZATION: The point at which a woman’s egg is penetrated bythe male sperm providing the necessary male and female componentsfor a fetus.

� FETUS: From eleven weeks after the woman’s last menstrual period(nine weeks after fertilization) the developing embryo is now called afetus and becomes a baby when born.

� FIRST TRIMESTER: The first three months of a woman’s pregnancy.

� FULL TERM: A fetus is considered full term, ready for birth, at fortyweeks after the last menstrual period (38 weeks after fertilization).

� GESTATIONAL AGE: The age of a developing embryo or fetus, statedin either menstrual weeks or weeks after fertilization (see definitions).

� LANUGO: The fine, downy hair on a developing fetus.

� MENSTRUAL WEEKS: The age of an embryo or fetus measuredfrom the first day of the mother’s last normal menstrual period.Fertilization usually occurs about two weeks after a woman’s last men-strual period began. This method of measuring is most often used bypracticing doctors and other health care providers.

DEFINITION OF TERMS CONTINUED

� NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A special hospital unitdesigned to care for babies needing special, more intensive care than anormal newborn.

� NERVOUS SYSTEM: All the nerve cells and tissues of an organism,including the brain and spinal cord.

� PLACENTA: The organ attached to the uterus that provides nourish-ment from the woman to the embryo, then fetus, through the umbilicalcord.

� QUICKENING: The punching and kicking movements of a fetus.

� SECOND TRIMESTER: The fourth, fifth and sixth month of awoman’s pregnancy.

� SURVIVAL RATE: The possibility that a fetus will survive outside ofa woman’s uterus. Survival is defined as living a minimum of twenty-eight days after birth.

� THIRD TRIMESTER: The seventh, eighth and final month of awoman’s pregnancy.

� UTERUS: The muscular organ inside a female where the embryo andfetus develop.

� VERNIX CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that formson the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affectsof the amniotic fluid.

� WEEKS AFTER FERTILIZATION: The age of an unborn childmeasured from the estimated day of fertilization.

� YOLK SAC: A fluid-filled sac that provides some nutrients to the veryearly developing embryo before the placenta takes over.

� ZYGOTE: A fertilized egg prior to reaching the uterus.

Page 5: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

DEFINITION OF TERMSThe following terms will be used throughout this booklet, and will beemphasized with italics the first time they are used. They are defined herein order to help a woman better understand each stage of development.

� AMNIOTIC FLUID: Fluid in the sac surrounding and protecting thefetus in the mother’s uterus.

� EMBRYO: After fertilization, the combined egg and sperm is called azygote. The zygote quickly divides into a cluster of different types ofcells which form the embryo. The developing embryo becomes a fetuswhich becomes a baby when born.

� FETAL DEVELOPMENT: The growth process of a fetus inside a woman.

� FERTILIZATION: The point at which a woman’s egg is penetrated bythe male sperm providing the necessary male and female componentsfor a fetus.

� FETUS: From eleven weeks after the woman’s last menstrual period(nine weeks after fertilization) the developing embryo is now called afetus and becomes a baby when born.

� FIRST TRIMESTER: The first three months of a woman’s pregnancy.

� FULL TERM: A fetus is considered full term, ready for birth, at fortyweeks after the last menstrual period (38 weeks after fertilization).

� GESTATIONAL AGE: The age of a developing embryo or fetus, statedin either menstrual weeks or weeks after fertilization (see definitions).

� LANUGO: The fine, downy hair on a developing fetus.

� MENSTRUAL WEEKS: The age of an embryo or fetus measuredfrom the first day of the mother’s last normal menstrual period.Fertilization usually occurs about two weeks after a woman’s last men-strual period began. This method of measuring is most often used bypracticing doctors and other health care providers.

DEFINITION OF TERMS CONTINUED

� NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A special hospital unitdesigned to care for babies needing special, more intensive care than anormal newborn.

� NERVOUS SYSTEM: All the nerve cells and tissues of an organism,including the brain and spinal cord.

� PLACENTA: The organ attached to the uterus that provides nourish-ment from the woman to the embryo, then fetus, through the umbilicalcord.

� QUICKENING: The punching and kicking movements of a fetus.

� SECOND TRIMESTER: The fourth, fifth and sixth month of awoman’s pregnancy.

� SURVIVAL RATE: The possibility that a fetus will survive outside ofa woman’s uterus. Survival is defined as living a minimum of twenty-eight days after birth.

� THIRD TRIMESTER: The seventh, eighth and final month of awoman’s pregnancy.

� UTERUS: The muscular organ inside a female where the embryo andfetus develop.

� VERNIX CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that formson the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affectsof the amniotic fluid.

� WEEKS AFTER FERTILIZATION: The age of an unborn childmeasured from the estimated day of fertilization.

� YOLK SAC: A fluid-filled sac that provides some nutrients to the veryearly developing embryo before the placenta takes over.

� ZYGOTE: A fertilized egg prior to reaching the uterus.

Page 6: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

Amniotic Sac

Yolk Sac

Embryo

Uterine CavityUterus

Uterine Lining

TO 4 WEEKS...IMPLANTATION33

Development begins on the day a woman’s egg is fertilized by asperm penetrating it. The fertil-ized egg immediately begins todivide into two cells, then four,then eight, and so on. At this stagein the embryo’s development, it isabout the size of a pinhead. Theembryo attaches itself to the wallof the woman’s uterus about 5 to 6days after fertilization. Threefluid-filled sacs will surround theembryo to cushion and protect it.These are the amniotic sac, theyolk sac, and the chorionic sac.Inside the chorionic sac, theembryo’s cells will continue todivide and, within the next fewweeks, the placenta and the firstnerve cells will be formed.

(1 to 2 weeks after fertilization)

Chorionic Sac

LENGTH: 1/4 inch

55(3 to 4 weeks after fertilization)

TO 6 WEEKS...THE FIRST HEARTBEATS

Between five and six weeks, awoman should have missed a peri-od and a pregnancy test should bepositive.

Inside the embryo a distinctblood vessel has now formed. Itwill later develop into the heartand circulatory system of thechild. By five weeks, the embryo’sheart is tubular in shape andbegins to beat. The connectionsbetween the mother and theembryo are developing to form theplacenta. The placenta will nour-ish the embryo, then fetus, for theremainder of its stay in the uterus.A ridge has also formed, runningdown the length of the embryo.This ridge will later become thebrain and spinal cord of the child.Arm and leg buds are also begin-ning to show at four weeks.

Spinal Cord

Umbillical CordEye

Arm Bud

Heart

Page 7: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

Amniotic Sac

Yolk Sac

Embryo

Uterine CavityUterus

Uterine Lining

TO 4 WEEKS...IMPLANTATION33

Development begins on the day a woman’s egg is fertilized by asperm penetrating it. The fertil-ized egg immediately begins todivide into two cells, then four,then eight, and so on. At this stagein the embryo’s development, it isabout the size of a pinhead. Theembryo attaches itself to the wallof the woman’s uterus about 5 to 6days after fertilization. Threefluid-filled sacs will surround theembryo to cushion and protect it.These are the amniotic sac, theyolk sac, and the chorionic sac.Inside the chorionic sac, theembryo’s cells will continue todivide and, within the next fewweeks, the placenta and the firstnerve cells will be formed.

(1 to 2 weeks after fertilization)

Chorionic Sac

LENGTH: 1/4 inch

55(3 to 4 weeks after fertilization)

TO 6 WEEKS...THE FIRST HEARTBEATS

Between five and six weeks, awoman should have missed a peri-od and a pregnancy test should bepositive.

Inside the embryo a distinctblood vessel has now formed. Itwill later develop into the heartand circulatory system of thechild. By five weeks, the embryo’sheart is tubular in shape andbegins to beat. The connectionsbetween the mother and theembryo are developing to form theplacenta. The placenta will nour-ish the embryo, then fetus, for theremainder of its stay in the uterus.A ridge has also formed, runningdown the length of the embryo.This ridge will later become thebrain and spinal cord of the child.Arm and leg buds are also begin-ning to show at four weeks.

Spinal Cord

Umbillical CordEye

Arm Bud

Heart

Page 8: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 1/2 to 3/4 inches

88WEEKS...ORGAN FORMATION

At week eight, a pregnancy testwill be positive.

The embryo continues to grow,forming more organs, includingthe brain. The heart of the embryonow has four chambers. Blood isbeing pumped through the umbil-ical cord to and from the embryo.The spinal column or spine ismade up of cartilage at this stage.Fingers and toes can be recog-nized, along with the beginningsof the eyes, ears, jaws, lungs,stomach, intestines and liver. The embryo is now surrounded by a sac filled with amniotic fluid.The fluid within this sac protectsthe embryo. Electrical activitybegins in the developing brain andnervous system.

(6 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 1-1/2 inches

1010(8 weeks after fertilization)

WEEKS...NOW A FETUS

After ten weeks, the embryo iscalled a fetus. The head of thefetus is large and makes up abouthalf of its entire size. At this stagethe bones and muscles are formingand the nervous system becomesmore and more responsive. Facialfeatures are becoming apparentand the eyes, ears, arms and legsare more identifiable. The firstdevelopments of all key body parts have begun by ten weeks.

Page 9: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 1/2 to 3/4 inches

88WEEKS...ORGAN FORMATION

At week eight, a pregnancy testwill be positive.

The embryo continues to grow,forming more organs, includingthe brain. The heart of the embryonow has four chambers. Blood isbeing pumped through the umbil-ical cord to and from the embryo.The spinal column or spine ismade up of cartilage at this stage.Fingers and toes can be recog-nized, along with the beginningsof the eyes, ears, jaws, lungs,stomach, intestines and liver. The embryo is now surrounded by a sac filled with amniotic fluid.The fluid within this sac protectsthe embryo. Electrical activitybegins in the developing brain andnervous system.

(6 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 1-1/2 inches

1010(8 weeks after fertilization)

WEEKS...NOW A FETUS

After ten weeks, the embryo iscalled a fetus. The head of thefetus is large and makes up abouthalf of its entire size. At this stagethe bones and muscles are formingand the nervous system becomesmore and more responsive. Facialfeatures are becoming apparentand the eyes, ears, arms and legsare more identifiable. The firstdevelopments of all key body parts have begun by ten weeks.

Page 10: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 2-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1/2 ounce

WEEKS...RANDOMMOVEMENTS1212

At this stage of fetal develop-ment, all major external body features have appeared on the fetus, and all major body organs have formed inside. Fingers and toes are distinct and have nails. The fetal heartbeat can be detected electronically now. Between ten and twelve weeks the fetus begins to make small random move-ments. At twelve weeks however, these movements are too slight to be felt by the mother.

(10 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 3-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1-1/2 ounces

1414(12 weeks after fertilization)

WEEKS...GENDER CANBE IDENTIFIED

The beginning of the thirteenthweek marked the second trimester.

At fourteen weeks, the head ofthe fetus continues to be thelargest feature while the arms arein proportion to the rest of thebody. The eyes are now beginningto grow toward the front of thehead and have lids. The bridge ofthe nose is also forming. The fetusnow has twenty buds in place forbaby teeth and can open and closeits mouth as well as swallow. Itskidneys are able to produce urine.At this stage blood is beginning toform in the fetal bone marrow. Thefetus now sleeps and wakes. Theexternal genitals have also beenforming.

Page 11: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 2-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1/2 ounce

WEEKS...RANDOMMOVEMENTS1212

At the completion of the full twelveweeks, the first trimester ends.

At this stage of fetal develop-ment, all major external body features have appeared on thefetus, and all major body organshave formed inside. Fingers andtoes are distinct and have nails.The fetal heartbeat can be detectedelectronically now. Between tenand twelve weeks the fetus beginsto make small random move-ments. At twelve weeks however,these movements are too slight tobe felt by the mother.

(10 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 3-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1-1/2 ounces

1414(12 weeks after fertilization)

WEEKS...GENDER CANBE IDENTIFIED

At fourteen weeks, the head of the fetus continues to be the largest feature while the arms are in proportion to the rest of the body. The eyes are now beginning to grow toward the front of the head and have lids. The bridge of the nose is also forming. The fetus now has twenty buds in place for baby teeth and can open and close its mouth as well as swallow. Its kidneys are able to produce urine. At this stage blood is beginning to form in the fetal bone marrow. The fetus now sleeps and wakes. The external genitals have also been forming.

Page 12: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 5 inches

WEIGHT: 4 ounces

1616WEEKS...LIMBS WELLDEVELOPED

The legs of the developing fetusare becoming well defined byweek sixteen. The skin appearstransparent. The head of the fetusis still large in comparison to otherbody parts and is now held erect.A fine layer of hair called lanugohas begun to grow on the head.

(14 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 5-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 8 ounces

1818WEEKS...KICKINGAND SLEEPING

At eighteen weeks, the skin of thefetus is pink and still transparent.Ears are now more developed andclearly visible. All of the body andfacial features are now recogniza-ble. The fetus can now blink,grasp, move its mouth and sleep.The fetus has also begun to kick,although the mother can mostlikely still not feel the movement.

(16 weeks after fertilization)

Page 13: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 5 inches

WEIGHT: 4 ounces

1616WEEKS...LIMBS WELLDEVELOPED

The legs of the developing fetusare becoming well defined byweek sixteen. The skin appearstransparent. The head of the fetusis still large in comparison to otherbody parts and is now held erect.A fine layer of hair called lanugohas begun to grow on the head.

(14 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 5-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 8 ounces

1818WEEKS...KICKINGAND SLEEPING

At eighteen weeks, the skin of thefetus is pink and still transparent.Ears are now more developed andclearly visible. All of the body andfacial features are now recogniza-ble. The fetus can now blink,grasp, move its mouth and sleep.The fetus has also begun to kick,although the mother can mostlikely still not feel the movement.

(16 weeks after fertilization)

Page 14: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 6-1/4 inches

WEIGHT: 3/4 of a pound

2020WEEKS...DOWNY HAIRAPPEARS

By twenty weeks, fine, downy hair has begun to appear on theremainder of the body of the fetus.The mother can now usually feelthe fetus moving and kicking.These movements are referred to as quickening. Blood flowsthrough the incompletely devel-oped lungs, but the exchange ofoxygen and carbon dioxide is stilldone in the placenta. At twentyweeks, it is common to do anultrasound and parents may betold the sex.

(18 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 7-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1 pound

2222WEEKS...TURNINGSIDE TO SIDE

At twenty-two weeks, the kidneysof the fetus are beginning to workand the air sacs of the lungs arecontinuing to develop. As the skin begins to turn opaque, sweatglands develop. The fetus nowbecomes more active and can turnside to side. The woman will con-tinue to feel movement. Survivaloutside the uterus at this stage isnot yet possible.

(20 weeks after fertilization)

Page 15: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 6-1/4 inches

WEIGHT: 3/4 of a pound

2020WEEKS...DOWNY HAIRAPPEARS

By twenty weeks, fine, downy hair has begun to appear on theremainder of the body of the fetus.The mother can now usually feelthe fetus moving and kicking.These movements are referred to as quickening. Blood flowsthrough the incompletely devel-oped lungs, but the exchange ofoxygen and carbon dioxide is stilldone in the placenta. At twentyweeks, it is common to do anultrasound and parents may betold the sex.

(18 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 7-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1 pound

2222WEEKS...TURNINGSIDE TO SIDE

At twenty-two weeks, the kidneysof the fetus are beginning to workand the air sacs of the lungs arecontinuing to develop. As the skin begins to turn opaque, sweatglands develop. The fetus nowbecomes more active and can turnside to side. The woman will con-tinue to feel movement. Survivaloutside the uterus at this stage isnot yet possible.

(20 weeks after fertilization)

Page 16: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 8-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1-1/4 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: 20-40% survive, but require immediate andlengthy intensive care

2424WEEKS...SKELETALDETECTION

Head and body hair is growing on the fetus by twenty-four weeks.Eyebrows and eyelashes are morenoticeable as well. The skin of thefetus is wrinkled, but still very thin.At this point in the developmentthe first layers of fat are beginningto form, and a fetal skeleton can berecognized. Changes are continuingto occur within the lungs of thefetus. At this time, the lungs maybe developed enough for the fetusto survive outside the uterus. Ofthe survivors, at least 90-95 willhave moderate to profound long-

(22 weeks after fertilization)

term disabilities.

LENGTH: 9 inches

WEIGHT: 2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 75-80%,with significant intensive care needs

WEEKS...RESPONDSTO SOUND2626

At the completion of the full twenty-seven weeks, the secondtrimester ends.

The fetal lungs are continuingto develop further. Body move-ments of the fetus are now strongerand the mother is very aware ofthem. The skin of the fetus hasturned red and wrinkled and is cov-ered with fine hair. The fetus cannow respond to sound from bothinside the mother’s body and out-side in the mother’s surroundings.At this stage most of the babiesborn alive will survive if they areborn in a hospital with the appro-priate medical technology andexperts. These babies will requirelong stays in a neonatal intensivecare unit and at least one in fourwill have permanent disabilities.

(24 weeks after fertilization)

and may have moderate to severelong term disabilities.

Page 17: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 8-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 1-1/4 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: 20-40% survive, but require immediate andlengthy intensive care

2424WEEKS...SKELETALDETECTION

Head and body hair is growing on the fetus by twenty-four weeks.Eyebrows and eyelashes are morenoticeable as well. The skin of thefetus is wrinkled, but still very thin.At this point in the developmentthe first layers of fat are beginningto form, and a fetal skeleton can berecognized. Changes are continuingto occur within the lungs of thefetus. At this time, the lungs maybe developed enough for the fetusto survive outside the uterus. Ofthe survivors, at least 90-95 willhave moderate to profound long-

(22 weeks after fertilization)

term disabilities.

LENGTH: 9 inches

WEIGHT: 2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 75-80%,with significant intensive care needs

WEEKS...RESPONDSTO SOUND2626

At the completion of the full twenty-seven weeks, the secondtrimester ends.

The fetal lungs are continuingto develop further. Body move-ments of the fetus are now strongerand the mother is very aware ofthem. The skin of the fetus hasturned red and wrinkled and is cov-ered with fine hair. The fetus cannow respond to sound from bothinside the mother’s body and out-side in the mother’s surroundings.At this stage most of the babiesborn alive will survive if they areborn in a hospital with the appro-priate medical technology andexperts. These babies will requirelong stays in a neonatal intensivecare unit and at least one in fourwill have permanent disabilities.

(24 weeks after fertilization)

and may have moderate to severelong term disabilities.

Page 18: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 10 inches

WEIGHT: 2-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 90%,with fewer long-term disabilities

2828WEEKS...SUCKS ITSTHUMB

The beginning of the twenty-eighth week marks the third tri-mester.

The eyes are now partially open and the fetus can suck itsthumbs. The thin, red, wrinkledskin of the fetus is covered with awhite substance that resemblescheese. This substance is calledvernix caseosa and it protects theskin from the drying effects of theamniotic fluid. The majority ofbabies born at this stage of devel-opment will survive if they areborn in a hospital that providesexpert high-risk newborn care. Allof these infants will remain in thehospital for weeks to months afterbeing born and at least 10% willsuffer from permanent disabilities.

(26 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 10-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 3 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 95%,with some intensive care required

WEEKS...OPEN EYES3030

At thirty weeks, the fetus has lungsthat can breathe air, although, if it is born at this stage, it may needmedical help to do so. Fat is begin-ning to develop on the body of the fetus and it is becoming morerounded. At this stage the fetuscan open and close its eyes and cry. Most babies born at this stagewill survive if they are born in ahospital with a neonatal intensivecare unit. However, these babieswill have to stay in the hospital forseveral weeks. A few will havepermanent disabilities.

(28 weeks after fertilization)

Page 19: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 10 inches

WEIGHT: 2-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 90%,with fewer long-term disabilities

2828WEEKS...SUCKS ITSTHUMB

The beginning of the twenty-eighth week marks the third tri-mester.

The eyes are now partially open and the fetus can suck itsthumbs. The thin, red, wrinkledskin of the fetus is covered with awhite substance that resemblescheese. This substance is calledvernix caseosa and it protects theskin from the drying effects of theamniotic fluid. The majority ofbabies born at this stage of devel-opment will survive if they areborn in a hospital that providesexpert high-risk newborn care. Allof these infants will remain in thehospital for weeks to months afterbeing born and at least 10% willsuffer from permanent disabilities.

(26 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 10-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 3 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 95%,with some intensive care required

WEEKS...OPEN EYES3030

At thirty weeks, the fetus has lungsthat can breathe air, although, if it is born at this stage, it may needmedical help to do so. Fat is begin-ning to develop on the body of the fetus and it is becoming morerounded. At this stage the fetuscan open and close its eyes and cry. Most babies born at this stagewill survive if they are born in ahospital with a neonatal intensivecare unit. However, these babieswill have to stay in the hospital forseveral weeks. A few will havepermanent disabilities.

(28 weeks after fertilization)

Page 20: Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772. CASEOSA: A protective cheese-like substance that forms on the fetus later in its development to protect it from the drying affects

LENGTH: 11 inches

WEIGHT: 3 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 98%,with some intensive care required

WEEKS...WRINKLES ONSOLES OF FEET3232

From this stage on, fetal develop-ment centers mostly aroundgrowth. The fetus continues togain weight and produce more fat.Wrinkles have appeared on thesoles of the feet. A thick coat ofvernix caseosa continues to formon the skin of the fetus. Mostbabies born at this stage will sur-vive if they are born in a hospitalwith appropriate medical care.Infants born at this stage will usu-ally require several weeks in aneonatal intensive care unit, butpermanent disabilities are rare.

(30 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 12 inches

WEIGHT: 4-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 99%,some will need intensive care

WEEKS...99% SURVIVAL3434

At thirty-four weeks, the fetus isgaining weight steadily at approxi-mately one-half pound per week.The skin is now pink and smooth.At this stage the fetus begins toturn its head downward in prepa-ration for birth. The survival rateat thirty-four weeks is about 99%.Some babies born at this stage willrequire intensive care; only a fewwill have permanent disabilities. A few babies born at thirty-fourweeks will be able to leave the hos-pital with their mothers and willnot require intensive care.

(32 weeks after fertilization)

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LENGTH: 11 inches

WEIGHT: 3 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 98%,with some intensive care required

WEEKS...WRINKLES ONSOLES OF FEET3232

From this stage on, fetal develop-ment centers mostly aroundgrowth. The fetus continues togain weight and produce more fat.Wrinkles have appeared on thesoles of the feet. A thick coat ofvernix caseosa continues to formon the skin of the fetus. Mostbabies born at this stage will sur-vive if they are born in a hospitalwith appropriate medical care.Infants born at this stage will usu-ally require several weeks in aneonatal intensive care unit, butpermanent disabilities are rare.

(30 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 12 inches

WEIGHT: 4-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: up to 99%,some will need intensive care

WEEKS...99% SURVIVAL3434

At thirty-four weeks, the fetus isgaining weight steadily at approxi-mately one-half pound per week.The skin is now pink and smooth.At this stage the fetus begins toturn its head downward in prepa-ration for birth. The survival rateat thirty-four weeks is about 99%.Some babies born at this stage willrequire intensive care; only a fewwill have permanent disabilities. A few babies born at thirty-fourweeks will be able to leave the hos-pital with their mothers and willnot require intensive care.

(32 weeks after fertilization)

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LENGTH: 12-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 5-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: over 99%,may need no special care

WEEKS...ALMOST FULLYDEVELOPED3636

By thirty-six weeks, the fetus is almost fully developed. The body is more round and plump. The face is less wrinkled. The lanugo, or hair, disappears from the face of the fetus, but remains on the head. Muscle tone has now devel-oped and the fetus can turn and lift its head. The fetus should now be in the correct position for birth. At this stage, the survival rate of the fetus is more than 99%.

(34 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 13-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 6-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: over 99%

WEEKS...GRASPS FIRMLY3838

The fetus can now grasp firmly.Its body appears plump androunded. At thirty-eight weeks itweighs approximately 6-1/2pounds, and, in most cases, is fully developed. The survival rateat this stage is over 99%.

(36 weeks after fertilization)

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LENGTH: 12-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 5-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: over 99%,may need no special care

WEEKS...ALMOST FULLYDEVELOPED3636

By thirty-six weeks, the fetus is almost fully developed. The body is more round and plump. The face is less wrinkled. The lanugo, or hair, disappears from the face of the fetus, but remains on the head. Muscle tone has now devel-oped and the fetus can turn and lift its head. The fetus should now be in the correct position for birth. At this stage, the survival rate of the fetus is more than 99%.

(34 weeks after fertilization)

LENGTH: 13-1/2 inches

WEIGHT: 6-1/2 pounds

SURVIVAL RATE: over 99%

WEEKS...GRASPS FIRMLY3838

The fetus can now grasp firmly.Its body appears plump androunded. At thirty-eight weeks itweighs approximately 6-1/2pounds, and, in most cases, is fully developed. The survival rateat this stage is over 99%.

(36 weeks after fertilization)

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LENGTH: 14 inches

WEIGHT: 7.5 pounds

4040At forty weeks the fetus is consid-ered full term. All body parts arefully developed and the fetus cansurvive outside of the uterus. Thechest of the fetus is defined andthe breasts jut out. The fetus nowweighs approximately 7.5 poundsand measures roughly 14 inches(about 20 inches from head to toe).

WEEKS...FULL TERM

(38 weeks after fertilization)

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LENGTH: 14 inches

WEIGHT: 7.5 pounds

4040At forty weeks the fetus is consid-ered full term. All body parts arefully developed and the fetus cansurvive outside of the uterus. Thechest of the fetus is defined andthe breasts jut out. The fetus nowweighs approximately 7.5 poundsand measures roughly 14 inches(about 20 inches from head to toe).

WEEKS...FULL TERM

(38 weeks after fertilization)

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La información en este folleto fue diseñada para informarla de las probables características físicas y funciones del feto a lo largo del embarazo. Detalla el desarrollo del embrión y del feto a intervalos de aproximadamente dos semanas, desde la fecundación y hasta el nacimiento. Incluye detalles como el peso y la longitud promedios, el desarrollo de los órganos y los movimientos propios de las distintas edades. La longitud del feto se mide desde la cabeza hasta las nalgas.

Hay dos modos diferentes en los que los profesionales médicos calculan la edad del embarazo: en semanas a partir del primer día del último periodo menstrual, o semanas menstruales, y en semanas después de la fecundación. Este folleto seguirá el método de semanas menstruales que se usa con más frecuencia en los consultorios médicos. Por lo general, las “semanas menstruales” están dos semanas adelantadas respecto de las “semanas a partir de la fecundación”. Por ejemplo, 6 semanas menstruales significa lo mismo que 4 semanas a partir de la fecundación.

En este folleto, encontrará porcentajes referidos a la tasa de sobrevida (o sobrevivencia) del feto en las diversas etapas de su desarrollo. A menudo, las estadísticas nacionales se informan en términos de peso del recién nacido. No obstante, el peso del recién nacido no siempre se corresponde con su edad gestacional (ver la definición). Los bebés muy pequeños que sobreviven a menudo están más avanzados en su desarrollo que lo que se pensaba originalmente y, con frecuencia, son pequeños para su edad. En muchos casos, no es posible hacer un cálculo preciso de la edad gestacional antes ni después del nacimiento. Por lo tanto, debe considerarse que los porcentajes de la tasa de sobrevida son aproximados.

es características físicas y funciobarazo. Detalla el desarrollo del emb

d i d d d

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La información en este folleto fue diseñada para informarla de las probables características físicas y funciones del feto a lo largo del embarazo. Detalla el desarrollo del embrión y del feto a intervalos de aproximadamente dos semanas, desde la fecundación y hasta el nacimiento. Incluye detalles como el peso y la longitud promedios, el desarrollo de los órganos y los movimientos propios de las distintas edades. La longitud del feto se mide desde la cabeza hasta las nalgas.

Hay dos modos diferentes en los que los profesionales médicos calculan la edad del embarazo: en semanas a partir del primer día del último periodo menstrual, o semanas menstruales, y en semanas después de la fecundación. Este folleto seguirá el método de semanas menstruales que se usa con más frecuencia en los consultorios médicos. Por lo general, las “semanas menstruales” están dos semanas adelantadas respecto de las “semanas a partir de la fecundación”. Por ejemplo, 6 semanas menstruales significa lo mismo que 4 semanas a partir de la fecundación.

En este folleto, encontrará porcentajes referidos a la tasa de sobrevida (o sobrevivencia) del feto en las diversas etapas de su desarrollo. A menudo, las estadísticas nacionales se informan en términos de peso del recién nacido. No obstante, el peso del recién nacido no siempre se corresponde con su edad gestacional (ver la definición). Los bebés muy pequeños que sobreviven a menudo están más avanzados en su desarrollo que lo que se pensaba originalmente y, con frecuencia, son pequeños para su edad. En muchos casos, no es posible hacer un cálculo preciso de la edad gestacional antes ni después del nacimiento. Por lo tanto, debe considerarse que los porcentajes de la tasa de sobrevida son aproximados.

es características físicas y funciobarazo. Detalla el desarrollo del emb

d i d d d

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DEFINICIÓN DE TÉRMINOSUtilizaremos los siguientes términos a lo largo de este folleto, los que se destacarán en cursiva la primera vez que sean usados. Aquí se definen en orden alfabético para ayudar a las mujeres a comprender mejor cada etapa del desarrollo.

A TÉRMINO: Se considera que un feto está a término, listo para el nacimiento, a las cuarenta semanas después del último periodo menstrual (38 semanas después de la fecundación).

CIGOTO: Óvulo fecundado, antes de llegar al útero.

DESARROLLO FETAL: Proceso de crecimiento de un feto dentro de la mujer.

EDAD GESTACIONAL: Edad del embrión en desarrollo o del feto, indicada en semanas menstruales o en semanas después de la fecundación (ver las definiciones).

EMBRIÓN: Después de la fecundación, el óvulo y el esperma combinados reciben el nombre de cigoto. El cigoto se divide rápida mente en un grupo de diferentes tipos de células que forman el embrión. El embrión en desarrollo se convierte en feto, que a su vez se convierte en bebé cuando nace.

FECUNDACIÓN: Punto en el cual el óvulo de la mujer es penetrado por el esperma del hombre, proporcionando los componentes masculino y femenino necesarios para que se forme el feto.

FETO: A partir de las once semanas después del último periodo menstrual de la mujer (nueve semanas después de la fecundación), el embrión en desarrollo recibe el nombre de feto, que se convierte en bebé cuando nace.

LANUGO: Vello fino y suave del feto en desarrollo.

LÍQUIDO AMNIÓTICO: Líquido en el saco que rodea y protege al feto dentro del útero de la madre.

MOVIMIENTOS FETALES: Movimientos de golpes de puño y patadas que hace el feto.

PRIMER TRIMESTRE: Primeros tres meses del embarazo de la mujer.

SACO VITELINO: Saco lleno de líquido que proporciona algunos nutrientes al embrión en los primeros momentos del desarrollo, antes de que la placenta comience a hacerlo.

SEGUNDO TRIMESTRE: Cuarto, quinto y sexto mes del embarazo de una mujer.

SEMANAS A PARTIR DE LA FECUNDACIÓN: Edad del niño no nacido, medida a partir de la fecha estimada de fecundación.

SEMANAS MENSTRUALES: Edad de un embrión o feto, medida desde el primer día del último periodo menstrual normal de la madre. La fecundación por lo general ocurre alrededor de dos semanas después del comienzo del último periodo mens¬trual de la mujer. Este método de medición es el más frecuentemente usado por los médicos y otros profesionales de la salud.

SISTEMA NERVIOSO: Todas las células y tejidos nerviosos de un organismo, incluido el cerebro y la médula espinal.

TASA DE SOBREVIDA: Posibilidad de que el feto sobreviva fuera del útero de la mujer. La sobrevida se define como vivir un mínimo de veintiocho días después del nacimiento.

TERCER TRIMESTRE: Séptimo, octavo y último mes del embarazo de una mujer.

UNIDAD DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATOLÓGICA: Unidad hospitalaria especial diseñada para atender a los bebés que necesitan cuidados especiales, más intensivos, que un recién nacido normal.

ÚTERO: Órgano muscular dentro de la mujer donde se desarrollan el embrión y el feto.

VERNIX CASEOSA O UNTO SEBÁCEO: Sustancia protectora, similar al queso, que se forma en el feto una vez avanzado su desarrollo, para protegerlo de los efectos secantes del líquido amniótico.

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DEFINICIÓN DE TÉRMINOSUtilizaremos los siguientes términos a lo largo de este folleto, los que se destacarán en cursiva la primera vez que sean usados. Aquí se definen en orden alfabético para ayudar a las mujeres a comprender mejor cada etapa del desarrollo.

A TÉRMINO: Se considera que un feto está a término, listo para el nacimiento, a las cuarenta semanas después del último periodo menstrual (38 semanas después de la fecundación).

CIGOTO: Óvulo fecundado, antes de llegar al útero.

DESARROLLO FETAL: Proceso de crecimiento de un feto dentro de la mujer.

EDAD GESTACIONAL: Edad del embrión en desarrollo o del feto, indicada en semanas menstruales o en semanas después de la fecundación (ver las definiciones).

EMBRIÓN: Después de la fecundación, el óvulo y el esperma combinados reciben el nombre de cigoto. El cigoto se divide rápida mente en un grupo de diferentes tipos de células que forman el embrión. El embrión en desarrollo se convierte en feto, que a su vez se convierte en bebé cuando nace.

FECUNDACIÓN: Punto en el cual el óvulo de la mujer es penetrado por el esperma del hombre, proporcionando los componentes masculino y femenino necesarios para que se forme el feto.

FETO: A partir de las once semanas después del último periodo menstrual de la mujer (nueve semanas después de la fecundación), el embrión en desarrollo recibe el nombre de feto, que se convierte en bebé cuando nace.

LANUGO: Vello fino y suave del feto en desarrollo.

LÍQUIDO AMNIÓTICO: Líquido en el saco que rodea y protege al feto dentro del útero de la madre.

MOVIMIENTOS FETALES: Movimientos de golpes de puño y patadas que hace el feto.

PRIMER TRIMESTRE: Primeros tres meses del embarazo de la mujer.

SACO VITELINO: Saco lleno de líquido que proporciona algunos nutrientes al embrión en los primeros momentos del desarrollo, antes de que la placenta comience a hacerlo.

SEGUNDO TRIMESTRE: Cuarto, quinto y sexto mes del embarazo de una mujer.

SEMANAS A PARTIR DE LA FECUNDACIÓN: Edad del niño no nacido, medida a partir de la fecha estimada de fecundación.

SEMANAS MENSTRUALES: Edad de un embrión o feto, medida desde el primer día del último periodo menstrual normal de la madre. La fecundación por lo general ocurre alrededor de dos semanas después del comienzo del último periodo mens¬trual de la mujer. Este método de medición es el más frecuentemente usado por los médicos y otros profesionales de la salud.

SISTEMA NERVIOSO: Todas las células y tejidos nerviosos de un organismo, incluido el cerebro y la médula espinal.

TASA DE SOBREVIDA: Posibilidad de que el feto sobreviva fuera del útero de la mujer. La sobrevida se define como vivir un mínimo de veintiocho días después del nacimiento.

TERCER TRIMESTRE: Séptimo, octavo y último mes del embarazo de una mujer.

UNIDAD DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATOLÓGICA: Unidad hospitalaria especial diseñada para atender a los bebés que necesitan cuidados especiales, más intensivos, que un recién nacido normal.

ÚTERO: Órgano muscular dentro de la mujer donde se desarrollan el embrión y el feto.

VERNIX CASEOSA O UNTO SEBÁCEO: Sustancia protectora, similar al queso, que se forma en el feto una vez avanzado su desarrollo, para protegerlo de los efectos secantes del líquido amniótico.

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A LAS 4 SEMANAS...IMPLANTACIÓN33

El desarrollo empieza el día en que un esperma fecundó al óvulo de una mujer al penetrarlo. Inmediatamente después, el óvulo comienza a dividirse en dos células, luego en cuatro, luego en ocho y así sucesivamente. En esta etapa del desarrollo del embrión, es del tamaño de una cabeza de alfiler. El embrión se pega a la pared del útero de la mujer cinco o seis días después de la fecundación. Tres sacos llenos de líquido rodearán al embrión para amortiguarlo y protegerlo. Estos son el saco amniótico, el saco vitelino y el saco coriónico. Dentro del saco coriónico, las células del embrión continuarán dividiéndose y se formarán la placenta y las células nerviosas en las siguientes semanas.

(1 a 2 semanas después de la fecundación)

A LAS 6 SEMANAS...LOS PRIMEROS LATIDOS DELCORAZÓN55

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A LAS 4 SEMANAS...IMPLANTACIÓN33

El desarrollo empieza el día en que un esperma fecundó al óvulo de una mujer al penetrarlo. Inmediatamente después, el óvulo comienza a dividirse en dos células, luego en cuatro, luego en ocho y así sucesivamente. En esta etapa del desarrollo del embrión, es del tamaño de una cabeza de alfiler. El embrión se pega a la pared del útero de la mujer cinco o seis días después de la fecundación. Tres sacos llenos de líquido rodearán al embrión para amortiguarlo y protegerlo. Estos son el saco amniótico, el saco vitelino y el saco coriónico. Dentro del saco coriónico, las células del embrión continuarán dividiéndose y se formarán la placenta y las células nerviosas en las siguientes semanas.

(1 a 2 semanas después de la fecundación)

A LAS 6 SEMANAS...LOS PRIMEROS LATIDOS DELCORAZÓN55

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SEMANAS...FORMACIÓN DE LOS ORGANNOS88

A la octava semana, la prueba de embarazo resultará positiva. El embrión sigue creciendo, formando más órganos, entre ellos el cerebro. El corazón del embrión ahora tiene cuatro cámaras. Corre sangre a lo largo del cordón umbilical hacia y desde el estómago, los intestinos y el hígado del embrión. En esta etapa, la espina dorsal o columna vertebral está formada por cartílago. Se pueden reconocer los dedos de las manos y los pies junto con el principio de lo que serán ojos, orejas, mandíbulas, pulmones, estómago, intestinos e hígado. El embrión ahora está rodeado de un saco lleno de líquido amniótico. El líquido dentro del saco protege al embrión. Empieza a desarrollarse actividad eléctrica en el cerebro y el sistema nervioso.

SEMANAS...YA ES UN FETO1010

Después de diez semanas, el embrión se llama feto. La cabeza del feto es larga y representa aproximadamente la mitad de su tamaño total.En esta etapa, se empiezan a formar los huesos y músculos, y el sistema nervioso se vuelve cada vez más sensible. Las facciones se empiezan a notar, y los ojos, las orejas, los brazos y las piernas son más identificables. Los primeros desarrollos de todas las partes clave del cuerpo empiezan en la semana diez.

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SEMANAS...FORMACIÓN DE LOS ORGANNOS88

A la octava semana, la prueba de embarazo resultará positiva. El embrión sigue creciendo, formando más órganos, entre ellos el cerebro. El corazón del embrión ahora tiene cuatro cámaras. Corre sangre a lo largo del cordón umbilical hacia y desde el estómago, los intestinos y el hígado del embrión. En esta etapa, la espina dorsal o columna vertebral está formada por cartílago. Se pueden reconocer los dedos de las manos y los pies junto con el principio de lo que serán ojos, orejas, mandíbulas, pulmones, estómago, intestinos e hígado. El embrión ahora está rodeado de un saco lleno de líquido amniótico. El líquido dentro del saco protege al embrión. Empieza a desarrollarse actividad eléctrica en el cerebro y el sistema nervioso.

SEMANAS...YA ES UN FETO1010

Después de diez semanas, el embrión se llama feto. La cabeza del feto es larga y representa aproximadamente la mitad de su tamaño total.En esta etapa, se empiezan a formar los huesos y músculos, y el sistema nervioso se vuelve cada vez más sensible. Las facciones se empiezan a notar, y los ojos, las orejas, los brazos y las piernas son más identificables. Los primeros desarrollos de todas las partes clave del cuerpo empiezan en la semana diez.

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SEMANAS...MOVIMIENTOSALEATORIOS1212

En esta etapa del desarrollo fetal, ya aparecieron las características corporales externas más importantes en el feto, y ya se formaron dentro todos los órganos más importantes.Los dedos de las manos y de los pies son visibles y tienen uñas. El latido de corazón fetal puede ahora detectarse de manera electrónica. Entre las

diez y doce semanas, el feto comienza a hacer pequeños movimientos aleatorios. Sin

embargo, a las 12 semanas estos movimientos son muy ligeros para que la madre los detecte.

SEMANAS...PUEDE IDENTIFICARSEEL SEXO1414

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SEMANAS...MOVIMIENTOSALEATORIOS1212

Al final de doce semanas completas termina el primer trimestre. En esta etapa del desarrollo fetal, ya aparecieron las características corporales externas más importantes en el feto, y ya se formaron dentro todos los órganos más importantes.Los dedos de las manos y de los pies son visibles y tienen uñas. El latido de corazón fetal puede ahora detectarse de manera electrónica. Entre las diez y doce semanas, el feto comienza a hacer pequeños movimientos aleatorios. Sin embargo, a las 12 semanas estos movimientos son muy ligeros para que la madre los detecte.

SEMANAS...PUEDE IDENTIFICARSEEL SEXO1414

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SEMANAS...EXTREMIDADES BIENDESARROLLADAS1616 SEMANAS...

PATEAR Y DORMIR1818

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SEMANAS...EXTREMIDADES BIENDESARROLLADAS1616 SEMANAS...

PATEAR Y DORMIR1818

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SEMANAS...APARECE EL VELLOSUAVE2020 SEMANAS...

VOLTEARSE DELADO A LADO2222

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SEMANAS...APARECE EL VELLOSUAVE2020 SEMANAS...

VOLTEARSE DELADO A LADO2222

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SEMANAS...DETECCIÓN DELESQUELETO2424 SEMANAS...

RESPONDE AL SONIDO2626(24 semanas después de la fertilización)

Al completarse la totalidad de las veintisiete semanas, termina el segundo trimestre. Los pulmones del feto todavía siguen desarrollándose más. Los movimientos del cuerpo del feto son má fuertes y la madre los puede sentir bien. La piel del feto se ha tornado roja y arrugada y está cubierta con un fino vello. El feto puede ahora responder al sonido, tanto el producido dentro del cuerpo de la madre como el producido en el entorno exterior. En esta etapa, la mayoría de los bebés que nacen vivos sobrevivirán si nacen en un hospital con la apropiada tecnología y expertos médicos. Estos bebés requerirán largas estadías en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal y al menos uno de cada cuatro tendrá una discapacidad permanente.

LARGO: 9 pulgadas

PESO: 2 libras

TASA DE SUPERVIVENCIA:hasta un 75-80%, connecesidad de significativoscuidados intensivos ypodrían tener discapacidadesmoderadas a severas delargo plazo.

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SEMANAS...DETECCIÓN DELESQUELETO2424 SEMANAS...

RESPONDE AL SONIDO2626(24 semanas después de la fertilización)

Al completarse la totalidad de las veintisiete semanas, termina el segundo trimestre. Los pulmones del feto todavía siguen desarrollándose más. Los movimientos del cuerpo del feto son má fuertes y la madre los puede sentir bien. La piel del feto se ha tornado roja y arrugada y está cubierta con un fino vello. El feto puede ahora responder al sonido, tanto el producido dentro del cuerpo de la madre como el producido en el entorno exterior. En esta etapa, la mayoría de los bebés que nacen vivos sobrevivirán si nacen en un hospital con la apropiada tecnología y expertos médicos. Estos bebés requerirán largas estadías en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal y al menos uno de cada cuatro tendrá una discapacidad permanente.

LARGO: 9 pulgadas

PESO: 2 libras

TASA DE SUPERVIVENCIA:hasta un 75-80%, connecesidad de significativoscuidados intensivos ypodrían tener discapacidadesmoderadas a severas delargo plazo.

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SEMANAS...SE CHUPA EL DEDO2828

(26 semanas después de la fertilización)

El comeinzo de la semana veintiocho marca el inicio del tercer trimestre. Sus ojos están ahora parcialmente abiertos y el feto puede succionar su pulgar. La piel delgada, roja y arrugada del feto está cubierta de una sustancia blanca parecida al queso. Esta sustancia es llamada vernix caseosa y protege a la piel de los efectos secantes del líquido amniótico. La mayoría de los bebés que nacen en esta etapa del desarrollo sobrevivirán si nacen en un hospital que provee cuidados expertos para recién nacidos de alto riesgo. Todos estos infantes permanecerán en el hospital semanas o meses luego de haber nacido y al menos el 10% sufrirá de discapacidades permanentes.

LARGO: 10 pulgadas

TASA DE SUPERVIVENCIA:hasta un 90%, con menosdiscapacidades de largo plazo.

PESO: 2-1 /2 libras

SEMANAS...OJOS ABIERTOS3030

(28 semanas después de la fertilización)

A las treinta semanas, el feto posee pulmones que pueden respirar aire, aunque, si nace en est etapa, podría necesitar ayuda médica para hacerlo. La grasa está comenzando a desarrollarse en el cuerpo del feto el cual se ve cada vez más redondeado. En esta etapa el feto puede abrir y cerrar los ojos y llorar. La mayoría de los bebés nacidos en esta etapa sobrevivirán si nacen en un hospital con una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal. No obstante, estos bebés deberán permanecer en el hospital por varias semanas. Uno pocos tendrán discapacidades permanentes.

LARGO: 10-1/2 pulgadas

TASA DE SUPERVIVENCIA:hasta un 95% con algunoscuidados intensivos requeridos.

PESO: 3 libras

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SEMANAS...SE CHUPA EL DEDO2828

(26 semanas después de la fertilización)

El comeinzo de la semana veintiocho marca el inicio del tercer trimestre. Sus ojos están ahora parcialmente abiertos y el feto puede succionar su pulgar. La piel delgada, roja y arrugada del feto está cubierta de una sustancia blanca parecida al queso. Esta sustancia es llamada vernix caseosa y protege a la piel de los efectos secantes del líquido amniótico. La mayoría de los bebés que nacen en esta etapa del desarrollo sobrevivirán si nacen en un hospital que provee cuidados expertos para recién nacidos de alto riesgo. Todos estos infantes permanecerán en el hospital semanas o meses luego de haber nacido y al menos el 10% sufrirá de discapacidades permanentes.

LARGO: 10 pulgadas

TASA DE SUPERVIVENCIA:hasta un 90%, con menosdiscapacidades de largo plazo.

PESO: 2-1 /2 libras

SEMANAS...OJOS ABIERTOS3030

(28 semanas después de la fertilización)

A las treinta semanas, el feto posee pulmones que pueden respirar aire, aunque, si nace en est etapa, podría necesitar ayuda médica para hacerlo. La grasa está comenzando a desarrollarse en el cuerpo del feto el cual se ve cada vez más redondeado. En esta etapa el feto puede abrir y cerrar los ojos y llorar. La mayoría de los bebés nacidos en esta etapa sobrevivirán si nacen en un hospital con una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal. No obstante, estos bebés deberán permanecer en el hospital por varias semanas. Uno pocos tendrán discapacidades permanentes.

LARGO: 10-1/2 pulgadas

TASA DE SUPERVIVENCIA:hasta un 95% con algunoscuidados intensivos requeridos.

PESO: 3 libras

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SEMANAS...ARRUGAS EN LASPLANTAS DE LOS PIES3232 SEMANAS...

99% DE SOBREVIDA3434

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SEMANAS...ARRUGAS EN LASPLANTAS DE LOS PIES3232 SEMANAS...

99% DE SOBREVIDA3434

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SEMANAS...CASI DESARROLLADOEN SU TOTALIDAD3636 SEMANAS...

AGARRA CON FUERZA3838

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SEMANAS...CASI DESARROLLADOEN SU TOTALIDAD3636 SEMANAS...

AGARRA CON FUERZA3838

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SEMANAS...A TÉRMINO4040

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SEMANAS...A TÉRMINO4040

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Este folleto se encuentra disponible sin costo al solicitarlo llamando al Departamento de Salud de Virginia al (804) 864-7772.

El Departamento de Salud de Virginia agradece a la Dra. Christine Peterson, M.D., de University of Virginia y al Dr. Phillip Gordon, M.D. Ph.D., de University of Virginia por su asistencia profesional al revisar el contenido de este folleto.

Las fotografías encontradas a lo largo del folleto fueron creadas por Lennart Nilsson, de Suecia, A Child is Born. 1986, Dell Publishing, y son utilizadas con autorización.

Las ilustraciones encontradas a lo largo del folleto fueron creadas por Peg Gerrity, Houston, TX. Los derechos de uso de estas ilustraciones son propiedad exclusiva del Departamento de Salud de Virginia.

La información que figura en este folleto fue reunida de folletos similares pulicados por el Departamento de Salud de Ohio, Departamento de Salud de Pennsylvania y Departamento de Salud de South Dakota, así como también mediante investigación realizada vía Internet.

Las Tasas de Supervivencia de 2012 para infantes muy prematuros se encuentran disponibles en:http://www.nichd.nih.gov/about/org/cdbpm/pp/prog_epbo/dataShow.cfm.

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