derisk accurate prediction of uls wave loads · 2016. 1. 28. · accurate prediction of uls wave...
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DeRisk Accurate prediction of ULS wave loads Outlook and first results Henrik Bredmose et al DTU
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
4 years (2015-2019) 9 Partners 7 Advisory Board members Funded by Innovation Fund Denmark, Statoil and in-kind
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Outline
Background Opportunities Elements of DeRisk First results
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Offshore wind energy
Graphics from www.ewea.com
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Offshore wind energy
Graphics from www.ewea.com
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
How deep do we go?
At h=22m depth Operational Hs=1m; Tp=6s Hs=6m; Tp=9.5s ULS Hs=9.5; Tp=12s 1.86 x Hs
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Stream function theory waves
Fully nonlinear Easily computed (e.g. Fenton 1988) Can be embedded into background state But: flat bed theory; periodic; 2D What about wave transformation, transient group nature, current, 3D effects?
h=20m
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Opportunities
Can we improve the design methods?
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Simplest: Linear wave kinematics and Morison equation Better: Fully nonlinear wave kinematics and Morison-type force model Advanced: CFD and coupled CFD
Tests of Zang and Taylor (2010)
Hydrodynamic loads
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
The Wave Loads project ForskEL. DTU Wind Energy, DTU Mech. Engng., DHI. 2010-2013.
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Kinematics from a fully nonlinear potential flow solver ‘OceanWave3D’, Engsig-Karup et al (2009) Allan Engsig-Karup, Harry Bingham and Ole Lindberg
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Study of nonlinear wave load effects Response calculations with Flex5 aero-elastic model, NREL 5MW turbine
Signe Schløer (2013)
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Static load analysis, h=30m
crest elevations force peaks depth integrated force
nonlinear linear
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CFD for multi- directional waves Coupled solver
Bo Terp Paulsen Paulsen, Bredmose & Bingham (2014)
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Study of regular steep wave forcing of circular cylinders
Validation for propagation of nonlinear waves Force validation Parameter study The flow of the secondary load cycle
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How about the forces? II
Comparison to experiments of Wave Loads project (DTU-DHI)
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Physical model test with a flexible cylinder at DHI Bredmose et al OMAE 2013 Inspiration from de Ridder et al OMAE 2011 Data used in OC5 (Robertson et al yesterday)
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Mission
Bring tools for realistic ULS wave loads into engineering! Apply to reduce risk and uncertainty. Thereby reduce LCOE.
Physics
Modelling
Engineering Experiments
Statistics
Condensation
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Elements of DeRisk
Wave modelling
Wave physics Load models
Structural response
Design
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Efficient wave models
• Operational GPU wave model with wave generation. • Improved breaking. • Kinematics library for use by the other work packages. • Proof of concept for DHI wave model for flows with vorticity. WP leader: Harry Bingham, DTU Mechanical Engineering. Partners: DTU Mechanical Engineering, DTU Compute and DHI.
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Wave physics
• Experiments with steep/breaking wave impacts • Derivation of a slope reduction factor for extreme loads. • Quantification of current effect on loads. • Kinematics and corresponding forces • Mathematical uncertainty quantification for wave kinematics and loads. • Numerical study of 3D wave formation and effects on crest height distribution and load distribution. WP leader: Henrik Bredmose, DTU Wind Energy. Partners: DTU Wind Energy, DTU Mechanical Engineering, DTU Compute, DHI and University of Oxford.
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Validated load models
• Validated force model for steep and highly nonlinear waves. • Validated force model for breaking wave loads. • DES strategy for monopile CFD with inclusion of structural boundary layer. • Load computations for drag-dominated wave impacts. WP leader: Henrik Bredmose, DTU Wind Energy. Partners: DTU Wind Energy, University of Oxford, University of Stavanger and Statkraft.
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Response of wind turbine structures
• Identification of critical load cases for jacket response to extreme waves. • Analysis of the WaveSlam data set (NTNU, Stavanger University) • Study of load effects from cyclic degradation of soil properties. • Analysis of full scale data to identify the extent of ringing loads. • Analysis and model formulation of current blockage effect for jackets WP leader: Torben Juul Larsen, DTU Wind Energy. Partners: DTU Wind, University of Oxford, University of Stavanger, DONG.
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
De-risked design
• White paper on the design chain from met-ocean data to design stress with discussion of the uncertainty. • Uncertainty reduction for the statistical combination of extreme wind, sea and current data. • Joint probability analysis methods that include structural response. • A new load evaluation procedure based on fully nonlinear wave kinematics and the validated load models and an n¬-dimensional joint probability model of sea state parameters. WP leader: Hans Fabricius Hansen, DHI. Partners: DHI, DONG and DTU Compute.
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Elements of DeRisk
Wave modelling
Wave physics Load models
Structural response
Design
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
First results: Model tests at DHI
Led by Martin Dixen, DHI
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
First results: Model tests at DHI
Purpose: Tests of 10, 100 and 1000 year sea states of LONG duration (72 h full scale) Focus on 3D spread waves Force and moment Stiff structure 7m mono pile and 1.8m drag column 2D reference tests (6 h full scale) Focused groups and selected events
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Experiments
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Focused wave groups
The New Wave Theory Lindgren (1970), Boccotti (1983), Tromans et al (1991) Taylor et al (1995), Jensen (2005) The most likely realization of a peak in a Gaussian process is the auto-correlation function of the free surface elevation
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Focused wave groups
Can be embedded into background process Directional focused version can be made too
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Video
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Numerical reproduction in OceanWave3D
Computations by Amin Ghadirian 2D focused group Corresponds to Hs=9.5m Tp=12s
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Reproduction of 3D group
3D focused group
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
3D reproduction
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
2D vs 3D dynamics
3D group can build up more rapidly 2D can only focus through dispersion
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
6 hour time series
Can we reproduce crest statistics of a 6 h time series? Hs=9.5m Tp=12s
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Elements of DeRisk
Wave modelling
Wave physics Load models
Structural response
Design
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Summary
Opportunities for better description of ULS wave loads Can contribute to reduced LCOE 9 partners, 4 years, 2015-2019 3D wave basin experiments at DHI – long duration Succesful reproduction with fully nonlinear wave solver
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DeRisk – De-risking of ULS wave loads on offshore wind turbine structures
Follow us at www.derisk.dk ULS wave load symposium August 2017 DTU