Description of Sessions2000 ATA Annual ConferenceWyndham Palace ResortOrlando, Florida

Preconference Seminars

All presentations are in English unless otherwise noted.

Seminar A (Wednesday, 9:00am-5:00pm)Strategies for Sight Translation, Consecutive Interpretation,and Note-takingChristian Degueldre, professor and program head, Departmentof French, Monterey Institute of International Studies,Monterey, California; and Claudia Angelelli, instructor,Department of Spanish and Portuguese, Stanford Law School,Pacific Grove, California

Interpreters' training is a major contributor to their professionalsuccess. This full-day workshop will discuss in a very flexible,interactive way various aspects of interpretation. In contrast tothe previous years this workshop was given, after a generalreview/introduction to the principles of interpretation, we willdiscuss in-depth many aspects of the interpreting process. Theparticipants will be actively involved during the whole day andstrategies for self-improvement will be suggested. The mainareas covered will be: discourse analysis (classification of ideas,schemata, memory, selective attention, and mentalconceptualization); sight translation (reading ahead, anticipation,transfer from a written text to an oral message, and presentation);consecutive interpretation of extemporaneous speeches (activelistening, structure/analysis, and public speaking); note-taking(general principles, symbols, and practice); simultaneouspreparation (shadowing and whispering). As the session ismeant to be very interactive, there will be no formal question-and-answer session at the end, but participants are encouragedto ask questions and share concerns at any time.

Seminar B (Wednesday, 9:00am-12:00noon)

German Financial Accounting and Reporting—Part IRobin Bonthrone, managing partner, Fry & BonthronePartnerschaft, Mainz-Kastel, Germany

Following the successful short presentation on "TranslatingGerman Financial Statements" at last year's ATA AnnualConference, this workshop aims to provide more detailed insightinto the complex, and often confusing, state of financialaccounting and reporting in Germany today. In addition to anin-depth contrastive analysis of HGB/GoB, US GAAP, and IASusing examples from published financial statements, there will bea special focus on changes in accounting and reporting resultingfrom the KonTraG and other recent legislation, including thenew-style German auditor's report. Participants are encouragedto bring with them examples of unusual or particularly difficult

accounting and reporting texts they have encountered. Ampletime will be set aside for an interactive discussion andquestion-and-answer session.

Seminar C (Wednesday, 9:00am-12:00noon)Translating Legal Documents into French: Problems andMethodsJean-Claude Gémar, professor, École de Traduction etd’Interprétation, Université de Genève, SwitzerlandPresentation Language: French

Faced with a text to translate, a legal translator must deal with thedual challenge of language and law, which he must reproduce asfaithfully as possible in the target language. This complexprocedure of transferring from one legal language to anotherinvolves a number of risks inherent in language, which is why itis difficult to transfer the entire message of the source text(content and form) from one language to another and from onelegal system to another. Therefore, legal translation isparticularly tricky and is subject to the difficulties of transferringmeaning, which at best is simply a compromise between theimperatives of law and the servitudes of language. We will startfrom the assumption that we must strive for a kind ofequivalence known as “functional equivalence.”

Seminar D (Wednesday, 9:00am-12:00noon)From the Press to the InternetRaul Avila, professor, El Colegio de México, Oaxaca, MexicoPresentation Language: Spanish

In the seminar the presenter will discuss the following subjects,relating them to the problems of international communication inSpanish, as well as to the practice of translation: a) Spanish andother European languages in relation to mass mediastandardization; b) globalization and national identity: Spanish,English, and indigenous languages; c) lexical and semanticvariation in dialects: connotation and denotation; d) theinternational use of Spanish; e) language, media, and audience:the simulation of the receiver; and f) towards a language policyfor the media.

Seminar E (Wednesday, 9:00am-12:00noon)The Six Steps of Web SearchingManon Bergeron, freelance translator, Montreal, Quebec,Canada

This tutorial aims to help translators hone their skills assearchers by giving them specific Internet search techniques. Itcovers searching basics that everyone can use, but has beenadapted to meet the needs of translators. All translators know

that the word they need could be somewhere on the Web. Thequestion is how to find it? Develop the skills that will help youuse search engines to find a wealth of terminology. Thepresentation explains how search engines work, how to ask theright questions and how to evaluate the answers. It also studiesthe features of several search engines found to be particularlyuseful for translators. Best of all, it gives you tips that you canuse to search faster and more effectively.

Seminar F (Wednesday, 9:00 am-12:00noon)Business of TranslatingJonathan Hine, translator and writer, Charlottesville, Virginia

Freelance translators are in business. Pricing, marketing, andquality control are crucial to business success. This presentationshould expose new professionals to the elements of budgetingand business management. It should also help experiencedtranslators develop personal criteria for determining whether aproposed assignment would be profitable. The presentation willcover calculating the break-even price, and tracking sales volumeand revenue. This year's presentation will include new materialon planning in a dual-income household and more time devotedto the discussion of quality and tax issues.

Seminar G (Wednesday, 9:00am-12:00noon)Translating Spanish Business DocumentsMarian S. Greenfield, adjunct associate professor of translation,New York University, and manager, Translation Services, JPMorgan, New York City

Participants in this hands-on workshop will translate a variety ofbusiness documents. Potential topics include balanceconfirmations, letters of credit, bid and/or performance bonds,financial statements, bringdown letters, and debt instruments.Newspaper articles may also be used to work on commercialtranslation vocabulary. Where possible, English paralleldocuments will be provided, as will a list of recommendeddictionaries and Websites.

Seminar H (Wednesday, 2:00-5:00pm)

German Financial Accounting and Reporting—Part IIRobin Bonthrone, managing partner, Fry & BonthronePartnerschaft, Mainz-Kastel, Germany

Building on the background information, concepts, andterminology presented in Part I, this hands-on workshop willfocus on a detailed examination of German financial statementsusing the following accounting standards: HGB/GoB; US GAAP;and IAS. Based on unique bilingual illustrative financialstatements used at Fry & Bonthrone for internal trainingpurposes, participants will have an opportunity in an interactiveenvironment to follow and participate in the translation ofexamples taken from actual financial statements, including:single-entity financial statements (HGB/GoB); consolidatedfinancial statements (US GAAP and IAS); pro formaconsolidated financial statements; and reconciliation accounts(HGB/US GAAP and IAS) covering a number of complex issues,including: accounting for deferred taxes; accounting forlong-term construction contracts; and pensions accounting.

Participants should have at least a basic knowledge of financialaccounting and reporting, and attendance at Part I is advisable,though not compulsory.

Seminar I (Wednesday, 2:00-5:00pm)Software Computing and Website Localization Basics—Tricks,Tips, and IssuesXosé Roig Castro, translation issues adviser, InstitutoCervantes, Madrid, SpainPresentation Language: Spanish

In this workshop, the translator will discover the basic issues ofsoftware and Website localization as well as other issues relatedto reception and delivery of some technical translations: filetypes and extensions; file transmission methods (FTP); help filetranslation (RTF); software strings; making your way throughHTML and Java code; Neutral Spanish terminology for this field;OEM official glossaries; online and offline specialized resourcesand help; terminology; what information you need to get fromyour client before setting to work on a localization project, etc.This workshop will be profusely documented with URLs andother online resources for translators.

Seminar J (Wednesday, 2:00-5:00pm)Translation and Voice Opportunities in the Video ProductionWorldJulie Johnson McKee, president, Pacolet InternationalTranslation, Inc., Roscoe, Illinois

As international communication changes, new doors open fortranslators and persons with a flair for the spoken word.Corporate video script translation requires skills over and abovethose needed for printed work. And once translated, a videomust be voiced by someone with the verbal skills and confidenceto deliver the message effectively. This class introduces basicskills needed to translated a video script: timing the translation,editing for time without losing the message, and communicatingeffectively with video producers. The class also detailsopportunities for those wishing to become voice talent; where tofind work, producing a "demo" tape, and the pros and cons oftalent agents. Class participation in editing and voice exercisesare included in this program.

Seminar K (Wednesday, 2:00-5:00pm)Developments in Corporate Finance: New Instruments andTheir Translation into SpanishSilvana DeBonis, instructor, Universidad del Museo Social,Buenos Aires, Argentina

In the past decade, corporate finance and project finance havebecome key factors in the success of multinational companies.Financial institutions have thus developed a wide range ofinnovative and exotic financial products to meet their corporateclients’ needs. Translators who already work or plan to workwith financial documents need to be aware of the latestdevelopments in this field. The goal of this seminar is to describethe structure of new financing instruments and to work on thetranslation into Spanish of new terms coined by the financialindustry.

Seminar L (Wednesday, 2:00-5:00pm)Translation of Bond Clauses from Spanish into EnglishDr. Leland D. Wright, Jr., freelance translator and instructor,Kent State University, Kent, Ohio

This seminar will focus on translating the bond clauses typicallyfound in contracts. At least two different documents will beanalyzed and discussed, with an emphasis on the pertinentterminology and phraseology used in Spanish and English. Thepresenter teaches Spanish Legal Translation in the graduateprogram at Kent State University. Although the seminar will beconducted using PowerPoint presentations, printed handouts ofthe texts and bilingual terminology will also be provided to theparticipants.

Seminar M (Wednesday, 2:00-5:00pm)The Use of Terminological Methodology in Translation: ATremendous Solution to a Difficult ProblemLeticia Leduc, founding partner, Leduc Servicios Lingüísticos,S.C., Mexico City, Mexico Presentation Language: Spanish

All specialized translators fight daily battles with terminology.These battles may be more torturous or less torturous dependingon the level of specialization of the source text. Many of us knowfrom experience or intuition or both that the better we emulatethe specialists themselves, the better able we are to fight thesebattles, but we have not faced the problem of how to do so. Theprincipal objective of this presentation is to demonstrate throughpractical examples from the presenter’s translation practice inMexico City that the use of terminological methodology intranslation not only solves this problem to a great extent andthus significantly increases the quality of our work, but alsomakes our work much more satisfying.

ATA Activities

ATA-1 (T, 8:30-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSOpening SessionAnn G. Macfarlane, ATA president, Seattle, Washington; andThomas L. West III, president-elect and conference organizer, andowner, Intermark Language Services, Atlanta, Georgia

ATA-2 (T, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSPresentation of Candidates and ElectionAnn G. Macfarlane, ATA president, Seattle, Washington

ATA-3 (T, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSDivisions Committee MeetingTimothy T. Yuan, ATA Board member, freelance translator, andsimultaneous interpreter, U.S. Department of State, QueensVillage, New York

ATA-4 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Accreditation Program and Examination: An InformationalPresentationCelia C. Bohannon, deputy chair, ATA Accreditation

Committee, and freelance translator and editor, Saxtons River,Vermont; Terry Hanlen, accreditation program manager,Alexandria, Virginia; and Shuckran Kamal, chair, ATAAccreditation Committee, and staff translator/interpreter, Officeof Language Services, U.S. Department of State, Vienna, Virginia

This forum is offered for ATA members who seek a betterunderstanding of the ATA accreditation program. The panel willrespond to questions from the audience about accreditationpolicies and procedures.

ATA-5 (F, 8:30-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSAnnual Meeting of the AssociationAnn G. Macfarlane, ATA president, Seattle, Washington

ATA-6 (F, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSMeet Your BoardAnn G. Macfarlane, ATA president, Seattle, Washington

ATA members and conference attendees are invited to meet withnewly elected and continuing Board members at this informalget-together.

(F, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSHow to Become an Active or Corresponding Member of ATAHarvie Jordan, chair, Active Membership Review Committee,Austin, Texas

ATA-7 (F, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSATA Mentoring ProgramCourtney Searls-Ridge, ATA secretary and bureau owner andmanager, German Language Services, Seattle, Washington

Join the chair of the ATA Mentoring Program for an exploratorysession. Both experienced colleagues who are consideringmentoring and newcomers looking for assistance are welcome toattend. This program is being developed and all input iswelcome.

ATA-8 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSATA Newsletter Editors MeetingRuth Boggs, editor, Capital Translator, and English<>Germantranslator, Fairfax, Virginia; and Marcia K. Glenn, vice-president,New Mexico Translators and Interpreters Association and editor,Rattles from New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico

The annual meeting of ATA newsletter editors will include adiscussion on the challenge of putting out ATA newsletters atthe chapter and division level, an information exchange, aquestion-and-answer session, and handouts related tonewsletter editing.

ATA-9 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSChapters and Regional Groups MeetingKirk Anderson, ATA Board member, chair, ATA ChaptersCommittee, and independent translator, Miami Beach, Florida

Agencies, Bureaus, and Companies

ABC-1 (T, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSDialogue with a Panel of Translation Company ManagersR.F. Derick Bonewitz, president, Adriana Rosado & Bonewitz,Inc., Chicago, Illinois; Amanda B. Ennis, German>Englishtechnical/medical translator, Farmington Hills, Michigan; JeffreyJ. Hoffmann, vice-president and co-founder, GlobalDoc, Inc.,Atlanta, Georgia; Elizabeth Rini, president and owner, TranstarInternational, LLC, Clinton Township, Michigan; and AdrianSpidle (moderator), owner, Adaptive Language Resources,Watertown, Massachusetts

This panel of translation company owners/managers will presentthe translation company perspective on how translators canbuild their practices. We will suggest what new translators cando to get started with translation companies. We will explainwhat we need as deliverables and what business practices andtraits we look for in building a core cadre of translation vendors.We will also discuss the economics of translation companies. Inthe final section of this presentation we will turn the table andask that the freelancers present tell us what they would like us todo to make their lives easier. What do translators really want?This is your opportunity to tell us.

ABC-2 (T, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSQuality, Quality...What Is It (and Is It Expensive)?Michael R. Cárdenas, president, Multilingual Translations, Inc.,San Diego, California

I have yet to see a request for proposal come through our officeswith the specification, “substandard work will suffice.” I am,however, seeing the turnaround time for projects go from monthsto weeks. Still, assuming we do agree that quality is important,how do we define quality? And who is doing the defining? Arethere any policies and procedures that can ensure quality? Isbeing ISO 9000-certified the same as being a provider of qualitytranslations? Is there, at least, a one-, two-, or a three-stepprocess for creating quality? Can translation memory andmachine translation provide quality? Where does humanintervention come into play if we use these tools? Are clientsready to pay for quality? How about vendors? Are they preparedto pay top dollar, euro, or yen for top-notch talent? What is theeffect of the recent localization industry mega-mergers? Why dosome vendors give the project away, and is this a healthy thingto do? Well, I hope I have whetted your appetite for thispresentation. I hope to see you there.

(T, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELS49 Languages? Count Me in!Kelly Jones Dresen, director, Translation and InterpretationDepartment, Comprehensive Language Center Inc., Arlington,Virginia

How do you ensure quality control for Dinka translations? Howmany ways can you say “mobile home” in Armenian? Thesewere just some of the questions we faced when we translated theCensus Bureau’s Language Assistance Guide into 49 languages.The presentation will cover some of the challenges and victories

of this remarkable project. Topics will include working withlanguages of limited diffusion and the special requirements oftranslating a statistical tool.

ABC-3 (F, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSHow to Successfully Market Yourself to Translation AgenciesGeorge P. Rimalower, president and chief executive officer, ISI,North Hollywood, California

Agencies use hundreds of translators; unless you stand outfrom the crowd, you will be overlooked. Solid translation skillsare not all that it takes to be a successful translator. This sessionexplores what you can do to enhance your standing withtranslation agencies. Translators attending this session will learnhow they can become the kind of translator that agencies prefer.Discussions will address the best ways to approach aprospective agency and how to "sell" your services.

(F, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSHow Not to Get HiredRiccardo Schiaffino, translation manager, Denver, Colorado

Whether you are looking for a job as a staff translator or you areoffering your services as a freelancer, it is very important to makea good first impression. That means knowing which mistakes toavoid in your resume, in your cover letter, and in anycommunication with your prospective employer or client. Thispresentation will show examples of the pitfalls to avoid, and willoffer suggestions on how best to present yourself.

ABC-4 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Translator and the Agency: A Story of a LastingRelationshipKyryl Nagaichouk , translator, Seattle, Washington; and HelenL. Tereshina, translator, Seattle, Washington

ABC-5 (F, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSQuality — Whose Problem Is It Anyway?Monique-Paule Tubb, owner, Advanced Communication andTranslation, Inc., Chevy Chase, Maryland

Quality should be the number one concern of all translators andcompany owners alike. The company may bear the finalresponsibility, but the translator plays a major role in the qualityprocess, and should feel that anything less than perfect is notenough. In this presentation, the presenter will emphasizeresponsibilities, ways to accomplish perfection, values touphold, and attitudes to discard. This presentation will addressboth translators and company owners, and will stress how theonly way to provide a flawless product to clients is for eachparty to feel that they are an essential part of the team.

(F, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSCaught in the Middle: An In-house Translator Tries to Pleasehis Employer and his FreelancersSalah Ghodbane, mechanical engineer and full-time in-housetranslator, Saint Louis, Missouri

According to the presenter, there are four categories of

translators, ranging from self-proclaimed translators who don'teven own a computer to freelancers and firms that are soorganized they could pass an ISO 9000 audit with flying colors.Learn where you fit and how to improve your image in the eyesof your client. Also, learn about the do's and don'ts ofcommunicating with your clients and the many reasons that willkeep them coming back to you for their translation needs. Youwill also learn about the minimum in hardware and softwarerequirements needed to complete any translation job in the cyberage.

ABC-6 (S, 8:30-9:15am) – ALL LEVELSTranslating Non-fiction Books: The Opportunities and PitfallsJosephine Bacon, writer and translator, London, England

More and more publishers are seeking co-editions to defray thecost of publication and this involves translation into and fromEnglish. The basic problems boil down to: a) what sort of jobscan a translator profitably take on; b) the standard expected ofthe translator; c) how to ensure that the translator and publisherboth understand the limitations of the translator's job; and d)how much additional work is the translator expected to perform(typesetting and formatting, for instance). This presentation issuitable for agencies and individuals, and for translators at alllevels working in any language direction. Questions anddiscussion are encouraged.

(S, 9:15-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSInformational Presentation of Subtitling/Dubbing Bloopers:The Good, the Bad, and the UglyJuan B. Botero , translator, Denver, Colorado

ABC-7 (S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSTranslation Company Division Annual MeetingSteven P. Iverson, acting administrator, ATA TranslationCompany Division and president, Iverson Language Associates,Inc., Milwaukee, Wisconsin

(S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSProposed Code of ATA Translation Company BusinessPracticesSuzanne Robinson, translator, Englewood, Colorado

ABC-8 (S, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSQuality-first Project Management in Translation andLocalization H. Randall Morgan, Jr., chairman and CEO, ASET InternationalServices Corporation, Arlington, Virginia

The presenter will outline the quality-first theory and suggestthe practices that are required in order to make the theory work,even when it seemingly conflicts with the realities of translationand localization and the demands of the client. He will alsoaddress client-driven versus quality-driven strategies, qualitycontrol procedures, managing clients, and how to stick to thequality-first principle even under “special circumstances.” Thissession will help project managers, as well as translators andtranslation end-users (clients), to manage the process better andto avoid many potential nightmares.

Chinese

C-1 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) - BEGINNEROn Microsoft Office 2000Man-Yee Tang, translator, interpreter, and Asian-Englishdesktop publisher, Wayland, Massachusetts

Microsoft says its Office 2000 combines almost all languageversions into one program, so you can type in English, French,and Japanese all in the same document. Text in Korean,Traditional Chinese, and Simplified Chinese can even be input onan English Windows. What is the catch? What's the differencebetween Office 2000 with MultiLanguage Pack and Office 2000Proofing Tools? What is Global IME? Do we need to upgradeour Windows to Windows 2000? Does this mean we canabandon non-English versions of Windows and add-on foreign-language system software such as TwinBridge and UnionWay?These questions will be answered during this session. Theinformation gained can also be applied to Arabic, Cyrillic, Greek,Hebrew, Turkish, and many other languages.

C-2 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSCACT Computer-aided [into] Chinese TranslationGang Li , freelance English>Chinese translator, Atlanta, Georgia

Computer-aided translation, a.k.a. translation memory tools, hasbeen a buzz phrase in the translation industry for the pastseveral years. Yet, to this speaker's knowledge, quite a fewChinese translators still have difficulties and/or doubts inadopting this new technology. In this session, the basicconcepts behind translation memory technology will be brieflyexplained. The speaker will then give a brief demonstration ofone tool he has been using routinely. After that, several toolsfrom different vendors with which the speaker has hands-onexperience will be compared. During the comparison, the speakerwill discuss some practical tips, which may have helped him gaina slight competitive edge. Finally, the overall advantages anddisadvantages of using this technology will be summarized.Although Chinese will be used as the target language, thesession, in general, will be language-independent.

C-3 (F, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSDefining Accuracy and Faithfulness: An Analysis of theTranslation of Long SentencesYuanxi Ma, director of translation, China Practice Group, Bakerand McKenzie, Chicago, Illinois; and Elizabeth A. Tu , president,E. Tu Associates, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio

Many opinions have been expressed on accuracy andfaithfulness in translation between different languages. Is itpossible to achieve an accurate or faithful translation from onelanguage to another? Or is it true that the best one can do is toprovide an approximate accurate or faithful version? The twopresenters will select long sentences from writings varied ingenre, topic, and style as examples of translation betweenEnglish and Chinese to address our understanding of accuracyand faithfulness in translation from one language into another.The presenters will analyze such translations based on linguisticand stylistic requirements as well as cultural conventions of the

two languages. There will also be a discussion of some of thetechniques used in tackling the translation of long sentences.

(F, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSMy “Mission” in Guam–A Story of the Complexity ofTranslationRobin Feng, owner, Feng’s Language Service, Houston, Texas

My task in Guam in November of 1999 was to interpret for theImmigration and Naturalization Service between the judge, theimmigration lawyer, the respondents’ lawyer, and therespondents. The respondents were from mainland China andspoke no English and very poor Mandarin, while the judge andlawyers knew very little or no Chinese. Thus, an interesting andcomplex story arose, not only out of the linguistic complicationsbetween the different parties, but also out of the complexitycaused by the different cultures of the East and West.

C-4 (F, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSChinese ConventionsDave Chen, freelance translator and interpreter, Surfside Beach,South Carolina

This presentation will be focused on compiling the conventions,standards, and rules for translating into Chinese with the help ofcomparative linguistics. The major areas which will be discussedare: grammar and style (formal written language versus informalspoken language; short sentences versus extremely longsentences; simple, concise sentences versus excessively literalor liberal sentences, etc.); format and punctuation (bold,capitalization, commas, date/time, fonts, hyphens/en-dashes/em-dashes, italics, line breaks, lists, measurements, numbers,parentheses/brackets); and common errors in Chinesetranslations. The presenter invites, encourages, and challengesthe participation of the audience to perfect Chinese conventionsfor public use.

(F, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSMeaning-based Conversion Between Traditional and SimplifiedChinese TranslationsYouliang Ren, senior technical translator, J.D. Edwards &Company, Denver, Colorado

The Traditional and Simplified Chinese have separate languagecode pages and character sets. There are a lot of exceptions tothe rules of one-to-one automatic character mapping betweenthese two versions. Intelligence can be built into the conversiontools to eliminate the need for translators to manually adjust theword choice for some expressions that always have unique,mirror-image renderings between the two counterpart versions,regardless of the context of the source language. However, thesetwo Chinese versions, in many cases, have different ways ofconveying the explicit or implicit business connotations of theglossary or word strings of the e-commerce software in originalEnglish. This presentation discusses the social, cultural, andlinguistic difference and preference reflected in these twoversions.

French

F-1 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSFrench Language Division Annual Meeting Joan Bond Sax, administrator, French Language Division,Weston, Massachusetts; and Anne L. Vincent, assistantadministrator, French Language Division, Wakefield, RhodeIsland

The French Language Division will hold its annual meeting toreview the year’s activities and to hold elections for thepositions of administrator and assistant administrator. Topics tobe discussed will include the budget, the Website, a report onour e-mail discussion group project, suggestions for À-Propos,the FLD electronic member list, and any other business ofinterest to members. All FLD members are urged to attend.

F-2 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSMultilingual Discourse and TranslationRobin Orr Bodkin, contributor and participant, CITL in Arles(France), San Francisco, California; and Carrol F. Coates,professor, French and comparative literature, BinghamtonUniversity-SUNY, Binghamton, New York

Some know more or less who and what they are early on. Otherswander extensively continuing to ask questions, sifting throughvarious answers, never completely satisfied with anything thatsmacks of a hard, fast cliché, or inches toward the formulistic. Ararer group question themselves and their experiences whileintegrating the myriad responses discovered along the way intoa whole new line of inquiry, and a whole new set of coordinatesfor renewing their voyage. Bel-Ami de Montreux isunquestionably a candidate for this last category. Raised in Haitiduring the regime of François Duvalier and trained in the naturalsciences and then as a seminarian, he now practices law in Utah.But more importantly, he has began to distill some of hisreflections into poetry. Through select poems, this session willfocus on the difficulties of finding an appropriate Americanregister for an original expression that echoes a French poeticheritage, yet is sufficiently reflective of its Haitian soul.

F-3 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSTranslating Legal Documents into French: Problems andMethodsJean-Claude Gémar, professor, École de Traduction etd’Interprétation, Université de Genève, SwitzerlandPresentation Language: French

Faced with a text to translate, a legal translator must deal with thedual challenge of language and law, which he must reproduce asfaithfully as possible in the target language. This complexprocedure of transferring from one legal language to anotherinvolves a number of risks inherent in language, which is why itis difficult to transfer the entire message of the source text(content and form) from one language to another and from onelegal system to another. Therefore, legal translation isparticularly tricky and is subject to the difficulties of transferringmeaning, which at best is simply a compromise between the

imperatives of law and the servitudes of language. We will startfrom the assumption that we must strive for a kind ofequivalence known as “functional equivalence.

F-4 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – INTERMEDIATEComputer Tools for English<>French TranslatorsDanièle Y. Heinen, translator, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

F-5 (S, 8:30-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSProblems of Literary Translation (French/English) WorkshopRobert M. Glick , coordinator, Translation/Interpreting StudiesProgram in French, Montclair State University, Montclair, NewJersey

This session will, with the active participation of those present(if they wish), explore the danger of words when trying torecreate the spirit of a literary text. Several examples of works inFrench and English will be discussed.

F-6 (S, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSTranslating the Employee Handbook—Version FrançaiseBetty Becker-Theye, professor of modern languages and directorof the Program in Translation/Interpretation, University ofNebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska; and Larry Theye,professor of human resource management and communication,University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska

The employee handbook is commonly issued to employees in allareas of the public and private sector. In response to needscreated by ever larger numbers of immigrants in the work force,increased internationalization of markets and production, and tospecific demands of international agreements, U.S. andinternational firms are finding it useful—even necessary—totranslate company materials, including the employee handbook.However, these manuals, which can pose certain legal andinterpretative problems even in the original versions, presentpotentially hazardous and always challenging problems for thetranslator. This presentation examines the general purposes andlegal status of the employee handbook and the challenges andhazards it can pose for the French translator.

(S, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSFrom French to Haitian — the Translation of OfficialDocuments: A Cultural and Linguistic Challenge Roger E. Savain, bilingual education consultant, translator, andinterpreter, Plantation, FloridaPresentation Language: French

The 1987 Constitution of Haiti requires the government of Haitito publish all official documents in French and Kreyol, the twoofficial languages of the country. Until recently, the laws, codes,forms, administrative papers, and all other documents were stillwritten exclusively in French. The application of thisconstitutional mandate and its administrative repercussionsinvolve imperative revisions, adjustments, writings, translations,interpretations, and civic and social behaviors. This presentationwill discuss the cultural and linguistic challenges of this mandateand the difficulties of resolving them.

German

G-1 (T, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSTranslation Quality: A Primer — “Wer rastet, der rostet”Dieter Wältermann, senior faculty member, Carnegie MellonSchool of Computer Science, and a freelance technical translator,Wexford, Pennsylvania

Translation quality, translation quality assurance, DIN 2345, ISO9000, ISO 9001 — the buzzwords concerning quality intranslation and the translation process are well-known. Whilecertification is certainly one of the primary goals of agencies andtranslation groups alike, quality in translation continues tooriginate with the translator. As such, the goal of thispresentation is to present a brief overview of common translationtraps and explain common translation errors. Attendants areinvited to bring their wit and knowledge and contribute to thediscussion of numerous translation samples collected during 20years of work as a freelance technical translator, ranging frombasic German terminology issues to current style and languageusage.

(T, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSGerman>English Legal Translation: Polysyllables,Terminology, and Details – A WorkshopGeoffrey S. Koby, assistant professor of German and translation,Department of Modern and Classical Languages, Kent StateUniversity Institute of Applied Linguistics, Kent, Ohio

This session will focus on legal translation techniques. It willtouch on the basics, discuss the text types involved (contracts,statutes, etc.), and the style of translation to be used, andpresent some typical examples of terminology and pitfalls ofdetail in this type of translation. A demonstration of legaltranslation will be included. Attendees are encouraged to bringtheir own sample texts and questions for solution.

G-2 (T, 3:30-4:15pm) – INTERMEDIATE/ADVANCEDA Second Look: Editing Strategies for Translators and EditorsSusanne Giek , translator, Scottsdale, Arizona; and GerhardWerner Preisser, translator, Manassas, Virginia

This presentation looks at the editing process from two differentperspectives: that of the translator editing his or her own work,and that of the external editor reviewing the product of anothertranslator. Focusing on English to German translations and usingseveral examples from their daily work, the presenters willprovide hints and strategies for editing one's own work (withspecial emphasis on detaching oneself from the source text asmuch as legitimately possible) and that of others (whilepreserving the integrity of the original translation and respectingthe expertise of its creator).

(T, 4:15-5:00pm) – INTERMEDIATE/ADVANCEDDeconstructing WillieRuth Boggs, editor, Capital Translator, and English<>Germantranslator, Fairfax, Virginia; and Michael L. Magee,German>English translator, Austin, Texas

This presentation will discuss the challenges of translatingWillie Nelson’s Website, some of his lyrics, and in particular the“Pedernales Poo Poo” (On the Road, a regular online diary of thelife of Willie Nelson and family authored by his daughter, LanaNelson) into German. Focus will be on proverbs and proverbialexpressions, the challenge of translating colloquial Texan intoGerman, bridging the culture gap, and the translators' plight of“what to translate and what to leave alone.” Handouts willinclude challenging examples and recommended resources.

G-3 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – BEGINNER/INTERMEDIATETools of the Trade: From MT and TM via Localization toGerman CD-ROM Resources–A Workshop forBeginners/IntermediatesFrank Dietz, freelance translator, Austin, Texas; Christoph M.Niedermair, freelance translator, Sebastopol, California; andDieter Wältermann, senior faculty member, Carnegie MellonSchool of Computer Science, and freelance technical translator,Wexford, Pennsylvania

This workshop is intended to present beginners as well asintermediate translators with basic and advanced tools of thetrade, i.e., the translation profession. The presenters will give anoverview of machine translation (MT) and translation memorytools (TM), tips and tools for software and Web localization, aswell as dictionary and encyclopedia resources found on CDs.The first section will concentrates on the differences betweenMT and TM and will give a brief overview of current softwareprograms available to translators. The second section presentstools that are useful in working with software and Weblocalization, as well as tips and tricks to facilitate the translator'stasks. The final section will present a discussion of variousGerman dictionaries and encyclopedias available on CDs as wellas their suitability to translation tasks. A summary of theindividual sections will be made available to those attending thepresentations, either on diskette or as downloads from aWebsite.

G-4 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSGerman Language Division Annual MeetingRuth Boggs, assistant administrator, German Language Division,Fairfax, Virginia; Helge L. Gunther, administrator, GermanLanguage Division, West Chester, Pennsylvania; MargaHannon, editor, German Language Division newsletterInteraktiv, Saltspring Island, British Columbia, Canada; MichaelMetzger, Webmaster, German Language Division, San Francisco,California; and Manfred Winter, co-editor, German LanguageDivision newsletter Interaktiv, Vancouver, British Columbia,Canada

G-5 (S, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSNavigating Through Germany's 'Neue Rechtschreibung'Glenn R. Cuomo , professor, German language and literature,New College of the University of South Florida, Sarasota, Florida

This presentation will cover the essential features of thesweeping changes to German spelling and grammar that wereadopted in August of 1998, which will be considered the onlycorrect forms after August of 2005. These changes have not only

restricted the use of the ß to long vowels and changed the wayin which one handles compound nouns and foreign words. Newcapitalization, punctuation, and hyphenation rules have beenintroduced, and the conventions for separable prefixes andverbal complements have been significantly transformed. Thepresentation will conclude with a survey of printed and onlineguides to the changes.

Hebrew

H-1 (S, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSHebrew Language Division [being established] Annual MeetingBatya S. Reichman, administrator, Hebrew Language Division[being established], Houston, Texas

Independent Contractors

IC-1 (T, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSTaking Care of Business: The Non-language Side ofFreelancingJonathan T. Hine, Jr., full-time translator and instructor oftechnical translation, James Madison University, Charlottesville,Virginia

Freelance translators are in business. Pricing, marketing, andquality control are crucial to business success. This presentationshould introduce new professionals to the elements ofbudgeting and business management, using a non-technicalprocedure for calculating a minimum price. The method shouldhelp anyone develop personal criteria for determining whether aproposed assignment would be profitable. The presentation willsuggest ways to track translation volume and revenue, which areimportant for business health and tax reporting. This year willinclude new material on financial planning, customer relations,and more time for questions and answers.

IC-2 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSMarketing Yourself in the Internet Age: A Guide to Survivingand Prospering in the Coming Industry TurmoilKevin S. Hendzel, chief operating office, and director, LanguageServices, ASET International Services Corporation, Arlington,Virginia

IC-3 (S, 8:30-9:15am) – ALL LEVELSTo Go Where No One Has Gone BeforeMarie C. Martien, French intercultural specialist, Timonium,Maryland

The first half of the presentation will cover translation as acommunication and globalization tool. The second half will focuson becoming a communicator. Topics to be addressed include:embracing the client’s mission, customizing, writing skills,developing a platform for success, traps and pitfalls, and makinga difference.

(S, 9:15-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSDoes the Freelance Translator Need a New Model? John Rock , freelance technical translator, Houston Texas

The old hierarchical model (Client>Agency>Freelance translator)was much better suited to a time when translation was in itsinfancy, communications were expensive, and where all theplayers forming the pyramid were localized in a single geographicarea. Nowadays, with corporations moving to more lateralmanagement teams and the frightening convenience ofworldwide communications and travel, key projects are handledlike multi-company joint ventures. The hierarchical modelappears not only archaic, but also inefficient. This presentationexplores some of the pros and cons of adopting a new model forfreelance translation, and discusses the salient feature such amodel might have.

IC-4 (S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSTips for Running Your Translation BusinessEve Lindemuth Bodeux, Bodeux International, Denver, Colorado

This panel will focus on various information that will helptranslators run their freelance business. How to work withagencies overseas and the various ways to accept payment(various currencies, transfers, checks, overseas bank accounts,etc.), as well as how to keep track of payments in variouscurrencies (what programs to use, how to calculate it, etc.) will bediscussed.

IC-5 (S, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSWhen, Where, and How to Donate Our Professional ServicesSara G. Koopman, Spanish interpreter and translator, Seattle,Washington

How can you best support a cause or organization that’smeaningful to you? Donating our services (both interpretationand translation) can be very rewarding, but it is also a path full ofpitfalls. Come participate in a lively well-facilitated discussionabout how to make these experiences fun and rewarding for us,both personally and professionally. We will explore ways that wecan use these opportunities to promote our profession andourselves and craft our ideal working conditions.

IC-6 (S, 3:30-5:00pm) – BEGINNERDesktop Publishing How-To's, Tips and Tricks, Do's and Don’tsKrisztina Samu , owner, Appleseed Multi-Lingual DTP Services,Vancouver, Washington

How do you decide if you should offer desktop publishingservices? This presentation will evaluate the pros and the consand offer participants a crash course in QuarkXPress. Learn howto format professional looking documents in Quark, with specialconsideration for foreign languages. This presentation does notcover Asian or Workshop, but will cover typography (the insand outs) and using styles and master pages. Learn why how itis built is just as important as what you see.

Interpreting

I-1 (T, 1:45-3:15pm) – INTERMEDIATE/ADVANCEDTesting for CertificationDanyune Geertsen, director, operations and training, LanguageLine Services, Monterey, California; Holly Mikkelson, associateprofessor, translation and interpretation and director,International Interpretation Resource Center, Monterey Instituteof International Studies Graduate School of Translation andInterpretation, Monterey, California; and Nataly Romero ,Spanish senior language specialist, Language Line Services,Monterey, California

As interpretation consumers become more sophisticated anddemand higher quality service, service providers need toestablish a process to identify interpreter competency to meetthis demand. During the past two years, Language Line Serviceshas been striving to achieve this goal by working on acertification program that incorporates testing, performancereview, and training. A panel composed of people involved intest design, review, and administration will share the details ofthe efforts behind Language Line's certification projects for over-the-phone interpreters. The presentation will cover thechallenges as well as learning in the following areas: testdevelopment preparation; test design and scoring criteria; testvalidity; preparing the test candidate and test follow-up; and testadministration and rating. Beyond testing, the panel will alsoaddress other components of certification criteria, such as theuse of job performance as part of the certification requirement.

I-2 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) – BEGINNINGThe Four Fields of Interpreting: Legal, Conference, Medical,and Community Bruce T. Downing, associate professor of linguistics anddirector, Program in Translation and Interpreting, University ofMinnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Hartmut H. Lau,interpreter and ATA-accredited (German-English) translator,Washington, D.C.; Cynthia E. Roat, MPH, Cross Cultural HealthCare Program, Seattle, Washington; and Diane E. Teichman,administrator, ATA Interpreters Division, Houston, Texas

This presentation covers each field of interpreting, from basicprocedures and requirements to advanced level updates on rulesand developments. Resources for reference material and furthertraining will be provided. All four presenters are specialized andpublished experts in their field.

I-3 (F, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSMemory Enhancement in Interpreter TrainingSheng-Jie Chen, assistant professor, National Yunlin Universityof Science and Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan

This presentation reviews the literature for enhancing humanmemory and for enhancing the memory of student interpreters. Itintroduces five memory strategies: pegging, picturalization,location methods, absurdity, and gist words, and reports on theuse of these memory strategies by student interpreters ofdifferent language and interpretation backgrounds. This studyanswers three questions: Is memory a significant factor affecting

a student interpreter's performance? What memory strategiesmay help student interpreters enhance their memory? Dodifferent language and interpretation backgrounds causestudents to use different memory strategies? Finally, thispresentation suggests methods for enhancing interpretationstudents' memory and the quality of interpretation.

(F, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSMental Representation and Interpretation: A CognitiveApproach Christian Degueldre, program head, French Department,Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation, MontereyInstitute of International Studies, Monterey, California The purpose of this presentation is to present the results ofresearch done over the last several months in Canada, the U.S.,and Mexico about the mental representations or imagingtechniques that interpreters use. What kind of pictures do wecreate in our head when we listen to a message and how usefulare these images while reproducing a message duringinterpretation. After a brief review of the literature on mentalimaging and representation, presented in the more generalframework of understanding and communication from the angleof cognitive psychology, the presenter will talk about theimportance of mental images in the reproduction of aninterpreter's message. The presentation will conclude withquestions about a potential pedagogical approach.

I-4 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSInterpreters Division Annual MeetingDiane E. Teichman, administrator, ATA Interpreters Division,Houston, Texas

I-5 (S, 8:30-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSInterpreting Equipment Demonstration: Routes to Profitabilityfor Translation Companies and Interpreters Istvan Gyenis, manager, technical services, ASET InternationalServices Corporation, Arlington, Virginia; and Erika D. Hendzel,founding partner and president, ASET International ServicesCorporation, Arlington, Virginia

This combined presentation and equipment demonstration willprovide a comprehensive overview of the simultaneousinterpretation and interpretation equipment business. Thissession will focus on effective marketing and profitable use ofequipment as an added service provided by both translationcompanies and individual interpreters. The major elementsbehind a successful interpretation event will be reviewed,including a comprehensive client needs assessment, clienteducation, and interpreter and agency expectations andcontracting issues.

I-6 (S, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSPersonality Characteristics of Interpreter TraineesNancy Schweda Nicholson, professor of linguistics andcognitive science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware

This study investigates personality characteristics ofinterpretation students using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

It also offers a brief historical perspective on the subject ofpersonality in interpretation literature and comments on a recentstudy by Kurz (et al., 1996) which employed a differentpersonality assessment profile. The results indicate that thecommonly held belief of “translator = introvert” and “interpreter= extravert” must be re-examined.

(S, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSPerformance Assessment in Interpreter Education and theWorkplaceDavid Burton Sawyer, assistant professor and head of theGerman Program, Monterey Institute of International StudiesGraduate School of Translation and Interpretation, Monterey,California

Performance assessment remains underdeveloped in the theoryand practice of conference interpretation. This presentationaddresses the need for valid and reliable assessment in trainingand the workplace. Types of assessment and their purpose androle in measuring interpreter performance will be discussed. Inthe form of a research agenda that can be applied to interpretereducation programs and institutions hiring interpreters, steps toimproving the quality of assessment practice, both in formaltesting and in the classroom, will be presented.

I-7 (S, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSNew Concepts of Telephone InterpretingYeun Korman, manager of operations, NetworkOmni®Multilingual Communications, Thousand Oaks, California; andIrena V. Stone, director of continuing education and qualityassurance, NetworkOmni® Multilingual Communications, LosAngeles, California

Rapid development of information, communication, andtransportation technologies has expanded the world market forinterpreting over the telephone and online. First establishedalmost 30 years ago, over-the-phone interpreting service hasextended its numerous applications to meet the growing needsand trends in various industries requiring instantaneouscommunication. Worldwide migration, as well as the tendencytoward a global economy, has contributed to a growing need foron-demand interpreting services. This session will discuss thegrowing popularity of telephone interpreting: new concepts,applications, and standards, as well as its relationship to otherforms of interpreting and revenue opportunities.

(S, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSTechniques for Self-directed Interpreter Training or What CanI Do at Home to Become a Better Interpreter? Cynthia Miguélez, professor of translating and interpreting,Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain

In this presentation, methods that can be used by both aspiringand practicing interpreters to develop or hone their skillsindependently will be explained and demonstrated. The threemajor modes of interpreting (sight, consecutive, andsimultaneous) will be discussed, with special emphasis given tosimultaneous. In addition to strategies for self-directedinterpreting practice, the discussion will cover self-evaluation

techniques, materials selection and adaptation, preparationstrategies, and equipment needs. Mention will also be made ofsome of the materials currently available for self-studyin interpretation.

I-8 (S, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSHate Bias Incidents Involving Interpreters or ImmigrantsP. Diane Schneider, conciliator, Community Relations Service,U.S. Department of Justice, Clinton, Washington

Hate bias incidents, when they occur, impact a larger segment ofthe community than just the person(s) targeted. We will discusshow to recognize such an incident, how to respond to it, andhow to work together with communities and schools to create anenvironment where these incidents are less likely to occur. Whenthey do occur, the community will then be better prepared torespond effectively, to support the victim, and to reassure otherpersons who may feel they could be targeted as victims. Since1964, the Community Relations Service has worked withcommunity groups, schools, police, and other entities to assistcommunities in addressing racial conflict issues by offeringtechnical assistance, training, and in forming ongoingmechanisms in communities wanting to counter hate incidentsand racial polarization.

I-9 (S, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSConfidence in the Courtroom! Trial Preparation for LegalInterpreters Diane E. Teichman, administrator, ATA Interpreters Division,Houston, Texas

Due to the unpredictability of judicial procedures, trialinterpreting demands not only skill but patience and foresight.Here are universal tips and tools for the courtroom interpreterwhich are designed to make your accuracy and professionalismrise to the top throughout the trial…and maybe even make theexperience more enjoyable for you. A highlight will be acollection of advice and experiences from experts in this field.

(S, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSMeeting the Challenge of Court Interpreting: Untangling theLegaleseJoyce Y. Garcia, staff interpreter, United States District Court,Tucson, Arizona; and Mirtha Borges-Nebeker, staff interpreter,U.S. District Court, Tucson, Arizona

This presentation offered by two U.S. District Court staffinterpreters, will introduce the audience to some standardhearings seen in federal courts on a daily basis: initialappearance; detention and preliminary hearing; arraignment;change of plea; sentencing; and motions. The presenters willreview the script the judges follow and delve into the boilerplatevocabulary, in English as well as in Spanish, related to theseprocedures. Examples of short-cuts that interpreters often rely onto accommodate the fast pace of the hearings will be provided inSpanish. A bibliography of pertinent material will also be made available.

Italian

IT-1 (S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSItalian Language Division Annual MeetingRoberto Crivello, administrator, ATA Italian Language Division,Salt Lake City, Utah

Japanese

J-1 (T, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSTranslating and Editing a Japanese-English Online MagazineAlan Gleason, technical translator, Oakland, California

The Book & The Computer is a bilingual online journal about thefuture of the printed word in the digital age. It appears on parallelWebsites in Japanese and English (www.honco.net), and ismanaged by editorial offices in Tokyo and Berkeley,respectively. The two staffs work closely (mainly via e-mail) toplan content in both languages and to maintain quality in thetranslation of articles originating in both English and Japaneseas well as other source languages. The magazine has developedits own set of procedures to make the process of soliciting,editing, translating, formatting, and uploading articles asconsistent and efficient as possible. The online nature of thepublication presents both benefits and drawbacks in thisrespect. The presenter has worked as a translator, editor, andinter-staff coordinator for the magazine since its inception.

(T, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Next Wave: The Translation Pure Play and the Market forJapanese-English TranslationRachel S. Howe, researcher and freelance writer, Washington,D.C.

The Internet is generating new opportunities for translation, fromsoftware localization to multilingual Website development, andfinally content development for the Dot Coms. Pure-plays, thevirtual firms that exist only in cyber space, are emerging tocapture this growing market. The virtual translation services areentering space traditionally occupied by bricks-and-mortartranslation bureaus. This presentation provides an overview ofthis trend, with a focus on the market for Japanese translation, toanticipate changes in the increasingly global translation market.

J-2 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSCausal Expression in Technical Japanese<>EnglishTranslationAtsushi Tomii, founder, Techlingua, Inc., Tokyo, Japan

In writing or translating technical documents, causal expressionscannot be left untouched. The presenter will discuss variouscausal expressions both in Japanese and English. They include:1) ambiguities in Japanese causal expressions; and 2) Englishcausal expressions focusing on non-volitional subject sentencestructure (which exists only in English and not in Japanese), toinfinitive of adverse use, and participial construction thatexpresses an effect. The final topic will include example

sentences containing more than one pair of causal relationshipsin a context.

J-3 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSUnderstanding Semiconductor Industry Technical Terminologyin Japanese and EnglishKen Sakai, founder, Pacific Dreams, Inc., Salem, Oregon

The semiconductor industry and its technology have beengrowing dramatically, driven primarily by the high demand forInternet equipment and personal telecommunications products.For technical translators, understanding the world ofsemiconductors can lead to a higher volume of translationassignments. This workshop will review the manufacturingprocess required to turn silicon wafers into computer chips. Itwill also introduce the equipment and materials used in theindustry. A list of the key players in the industry will also bediscussed. Each semiconductor process area involves specificequipment and materials. In addition, the individual processeswithin the total semiconductor manufacturing process requireprocess-specific terminology to deal with the high level ofcomplexity of this technology.

J-4 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSJapanese Localization Step by StepHiroko McCoy, founder, Cortex International, Bellingham,Washington

This presentation will cover practical areas of English>Japaneselocalization related to different formats of resource files, helpfiles, document files, HTML, and ASP files. We will talk aboutwhat to watch for, where to translate, where not to translate, howto translate, and the reasons for doing so. We will discussimplementing a list of specifications you should ask your clientfor before you start a project, especially when a styleguide/glossary is not provided.

J-5 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Role of the International Conference on HarmonizationGuidelines in Japanese-English Biomedical and PharmaceuticalTranslationL. Douglas Havens, technical translator, Tokyo, Japan; JodyHowe, technical translator, Doylestown, Pennsylvania; andSteven M. Sherman, physician, technical translator, Cerritos,California

This session will focus on how the International Conference onHarmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration ofPharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) affects the terminologyused in U.S. adverse drug reaction reports, clinical study reports,and other documents pertaining to the development andmarketing of pharmaceutical products regulated by the Food andDrug Administration. We will discuss the role of the ICH as amovement to harmonize technical requirements for theregistration of pharmaceuticals for human use in the EuropeanUnion, Japan, and the United States.

J-6 (S, 8:30-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSHow to Speed Up Japanese Patent Abstract TranslationTed Nozaki, technical translator, Kawasaki, Japan

The Japanese Patent Office discloses English abstracts ofpublications of unexamined patent applications on its Websitefor viewing worldwide about four months after they are laid opento the public. The presenter has translated some of these.Suggestions will be presented for improving translationproductivity by using Japanese-English dictionaries made bycollecting words, expressions, and sentence structuresappearing on the Web. Moreover, instant recall of the sourcelanguage and conversion to the target language will bediscussed with a focus on terminology and differences insentence structure.

J-7 (S, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSCreating Order in a World of Eighty Billion PagesBenjamin B. Tompkins, technical Japanese-English translator,Kansas City, Missouri

Many discussions on Internet resources overwhelm attendeeswith innumerable pieces of information presented in no particularorder. Although this presentation will offer useful Internetresources for Japanese<>English translators in particular, it willmainly cover strategies for locating, evaluating, and indexingelectronic resources. Participants will learn how to create andmaintain an HTML "springboard" (a starting page that will allowthem to quickly access the information and links they havecollected). Translators and interpreters working in otherlanguage pairs are welcome to attend.

(S, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSMonolog of a Retired Amateur Legal TranslatorSumio Hirai, retired translator, Lake Wales, Florida

This presentation will focus on the problems encountered inJapanese-English translation and the frustration in resolvingthem. Topics will include: the vagueness of the Japaneselanguage; legal translation; and serving the needs of clients.

J-8 (S, 1:45-3:15pm) – BEGINNER/INTERMEDIATEInterpreting Workshop: Japanese<>English Izumi Suzuki, co-founder, Suzuki, Myers & Associates, Ltd.,ATA Board member, and assistant administrator, JapaneseLanguage Division, Novi, Michigan

This workshop introduces various methods to sharpenconsecutive/simultaneous interpreting skills: idioms/kanjiexercises (for common sense); the Hendrickx method (for short-term retention); quick word interpreting (for verbal reflexes);shadowing (for developing the skill of listening and speaking atonce); repeating (for comprehension and short-term memory);paraphrasing (for comprehension and vocabulary); sighttranslation (for understanding of sentence structures; note-taking skills (for memory triggers and mental organization); andconsecutive interpreting training. Participants can learn how totrain themselves on their own, in pairs, or in groups through theuse of tapes and other materials.

J-9 (S, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSJapanese Language Division Annual MeetingJon Johanning, administrator, ATA Japanese LanguageDivision, Ardmore, Pennsylvania

Literary

L-1 (T, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSUsing Multiple Translations to Recreate Another Time andPlaceRonnie Apter, professor of English, Central Michigan University,Shepherd, Michigan; and Mark Herman, literary translator,technical translator, chemical engineer, playwright, lyricist,musician, and actor, Shepherd, Michigan

A recent book, A Bilingual Edition of the Love Songs of Bernartde Ventadorn in Occitan and English: SUGAR AND SALT,translates each lyric of the medieval troubadour at least twice:literally and poetically. Further, the poetic translations are ofseveral types: free verse; rhymed and metrical; and rhymed,metrical, and singable either to the original or to modern music.Accompanying the book is a CD on which are performed thesingable English translations, together with examples in Occitandemonstrating conflicting theories about medieval performancepractices. This presentation discusses each translation type, itspurpose, and why more than one type was given for each song.Included are recitations and singing in both Occitan and English,and the playing of excerpts from the CD.

(T, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Writer As Literary Translator Martin A. David, literary translator, San Francisco, California

Literary translation is an art form that requires much more thanknowledge of the source and target languages The literarytranslator must possess the imagination and creativity of awriter, the research skills and deductive reasoning of a detective,and the fearless daring of an adventurer. Add to this a love for,and understanding of, both languages and their cultural context.The presenter will discuss the writer’s role in literary translationand tell of his own exploits translating the works of Danishliterary masters, most of whom died long before he was born.

L-2 (T, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSIn the House of the Fortunate Buddhas: Flirting with Porn?Clifford E. Landers, administrator, ATA Literary Division, andprofessor of political science, New Jersey City University,Montclair, New Jersey

João Ubaldo Riberio is a member of the Brazilian Academy ofLetters and among the most respected contemporary writers inhis country. When he agreed to produce, as part of a series onthe seven deadly sins, a novel focusing on lust, he little expectedto ignite a firestorm of criticism. He has been called apornographer, a panderer, and a sellout. The controversysurrounding this short novel has only slowly subsided, and itremains to be seen whether the English translation, scheduledfor 2001, will provoke similar reactions. This presentation deals

with the novel itself, the response it engendered, and thedifficulties of rendering it into English. It also argues that theauthor and his work have been gravely misunderstood.

(T, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Pleasures of Sex (in translation)Alexis Levitin, professor of English, State University of NewYork-Plattsburgh, New York

Let us turn to Plato first. Plato considered literature a form ofmusic. In fact, the earliest Greek poets were singers whoaccompanied themselves on the lyre or cithara. Terpsichore isthe Greek muse of both dance and lyric poetry. The force unitingmusic, dance, and poetry is, of course, rhythm, our mostfundamental comfort and need, and one which is a presence inour lives months before we are actually born. Often in translatingpoetry, rhythm (reinforced by sound-play) is the most essentialelement to preserve. Let us look at one sexy Amazonian lyric,Anibal Beca’s With the Tide, and see if sex, like some wines, cantravel well, surviving the voyage from Bossa Nova Brazil to ourown more Puritanical shores.

L-3 (F, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSWhat Did He Do with the Apple? A Look at Raymond Queneau,TranslatorMadeleine C. Velguth, professor of French and coordinator,Graduate Certificate Program in Translation, University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee

Novelist, poet, and essayist, twentieth-century writer RaymondQueneau was also a translator, introducing the French to storiesby Hart Crane, William Saroyan, Wallace Stevens, and novels byEdgar Wallace, Maurice O'Sullivan, Sinclair Lewis, George duMaurier, and Amos Tutuola. What sort of works are these? Werethe translations commissioned or labors of love? Mostimportant, how did Queneau translate? Will we, in the Frenchtradition of les Belles Infidèles, hear his own highlyindividualistic voice, allusive and given to wordplay, or will wehear voices of the writers from three continents whose works hebrought into his language?

L-4 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSMarilyn Gaddis Rose Lecture Series: Against Fluency—Translation as ReenactmentAndrew Hurley, translator of Latin American literature, San Juan,Puerto Rico

Our third guest speaker in the Marilyn Gaddis Rose Lectureseries is Andrew Hurley, whose widely published translations ofLatin American writers have won high praise from critics.

L-5 (F, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELS“When the Steel Hits the Sky”: Technical Terms in LiteraryTranslationMaría Barros, translator, United Nations, New York, New York

Technical and literary translation are two clearly differentbranches of our profession, but in some cases they are not so far

apart as we might suppose. What happens when the subject ofliterary work is such that it requires the use of specialized andeven highly technical vocabulary? This session will analyze theproblems involved in such situations using examples taken fromthe presenter's translation into Spanish of a novel by ColumMcCann, This Side of Brightness.

(F, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSOn the Use of Historical Translations in Literary TranslationJulie Candler Hayes, French instructor and chair, Department ofModern Languages and Literatures, University of Richmond,Richmond, Virginia

The translation of a literary classic involves a negotiationbetween contemporary intelligibility and historical authenticity.In undertaking a translation of Choderlos de Laclos's 1782 novelLiaisons dangereuses, I wanted to create a style that wouldreach out to the contemporary audience with some of theimmediacy of the original, while nevertheless bespeaking anothertime and place. In search of the eighteenth-century idiom, Iconsulted the first English translation of the novel, publishedanonymously in 1784. Analysis of this translation, notsurprisingly, reveals both successes and failures; moresignificantly, it offers an eighteenth-century reader'sinterpretation of the work that suggests alternatives tocontemporary readings.

L-6 (S, 8:30-9:15am) – ALL LEVELS Spanish Literary Workshop: PoetryJo Anne Engelbert, ATA Board member, former chair,Spanish/Italian Department and coordinator of TranslatorTraining in Spanish, Montclair State University, SaintAugustine, Florida

Participants will work together on the translation of textsprovided by the presenter. To obtain the texts in advance inadvance of the conference, please send an email to: Jo AnneEngelbert: engsch@proservice.net

(S, 9:15-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSSpanish/English Literary WorkshopAndrew Hurley, translator of Latin American literature, San Juan,Puerto Rico

Marliyn Gaddis Rose lecturer Andrew Hurley will focus onproblems of Spanish/English literary translation. Participants willwork together to translate sample texts provided by thepresenter.

L-7 (S, 8:30-9:15am) – ALL LEVELSDealing with Linguistic and Cultural Identity in LiteraryTranslation: Analysis of the Spanish Translation of How theGarcía Girls Lost Their Accent by Julia AlvarezAlicia B Cipria, professor of Spanish translation, MontclairState University, Montclair, New Jersey

Identity and, more specifically, linguistic identity, are key in JuliaAlvarez's novel. The characters, who emigrate from theDominican Republic to the U.S., find themselves caught

"between cultures and languages." This presentation examineshow this internal struggle is handled in the Spanish translation(from Barcelona). A worrisome example is the use of the pronounvosotros (you-second person plural, used only in Spain) bycharacters from the Dominican Republic, where vosotros is notused. How a translation should handle dialect and issues ofidentity and content in terms of the central theme(s) will bediscussed. Any dialogue between the publisher, the author, andthe translator should include these elements.

(S, 9:15-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSReclaiming a Literary Voice: Translation and Repatriation ofMaya LiteratureSusan G. Rascón, instructor of translation and Latin Americanliterature, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

This session will consist of a summary of the presenter's work asa volunteer translator for the Yax Te’ Foundation. The presenterhas participated in several translations of works by and aboutthe Maya of Guatemala (novels, poetry, ethnography). Themission of the Foundation is to give voice to Maya writers, andto repatriate documents written about the Maya byanthropologists and others doing fieldwork in Guatemala. Thissession will give us a chance to reflect on our philosophies oftranslation, as well as on the practical challenges presented bythe texts themselves.

L-8 (S, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSLiterary Division Annual Meeting Clifford E. Landers, administrator, ATA Literary Division, andprofessor of political science, New Jersey City University,Montclair, New Jersey

Medical Translating and Interpreting

MED-1 (S, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSUsing Resources for Medical Translations: A Physician's ViewOliver French, freelance translator, Ithaca, New York

Medical translation poses challenges even for a physician adeptin two languages. The physician, however, has two advantagesover the non-medical translator. He or she can spot theweaknesses in a medical dictionary and the Internet, and aphysician's normal environment puts him or her in touch withresources of which the non-medical translator may not be aware.A physician translator shares his experience in using theseadvantages and avoiding pitfalls. He suggests ways in whichnon-medical translators may access medical material they mayneed for specialty translations.

(S, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSBuilding Buy-in: Techniques for Convincing Health CareAdministrators of the Need for InterpretersCynthia E. Roat, MPH, Cross Cultural Health Care Program,Seattle, Washington

A major barrier to quality health care for immigrants and refugeesin the U.S. is the lack of qualified interpreters. However, getting

hospital administrators to value language services, and to bewilling to pay for them, is often an uphill battle. Thispresentation will use case studies and specific examples to showhow to build support among hospital administrators for the useof professional interpreters in clinical settings. Participants willacquire concrete tools for building institutional buy-in,including: strategies for approaching top and mid-leveladministrators; arguments in favor of language services;research related to the impact of interpreter services; responsesto administrators’ common concerns; strategies for financinglanguage services; and a look at the last resort of legal action.

MED-2 (S, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Translation of Medical Documents Related to DiabetesMellitusMichael A. Blumenthal, Texas Rehabilitation CommissionDisability Determination Services, Buda, Texas

In addition to acute emergencies due to hyper- andhypoglycemia, there are a number of long-term complications ofpoorly controlled blood glucose levels, including heart disease,stroke, high blood pressure, blindness, kidney disease, andnerve disease. The pathology, etiology, symptoms and signs,diagnostic and laboratory studies, and treatments for diabeteswill be discussed. Spanish-English glossaries of frequentlyencountered terms, medications, and abbreviations will beprepared for the presentation.

(S, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSTrajections: An Applied Linguistics Method for the SpanishTranslation of Medical NomenclatureMaría Carolina Berra de Inbatti, medical translator and memberof the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine team, BuenosAires, Argentina; and Rosana Paola Strobietto, scientifictranslator, simultaneous interpreter, and member of theSystematized Nomenclature of Medicine team, Buenos Aires,Argentina

This presentation features central linguistic and terminologymanagement issues related to the development of the Spanishversion of the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine(SNOMED). It aims at profiling the manifold aspects oftranslating and the difficulties encountered in delivering anatural, consistent, and faithfully transcoded medicalnomenclature. It further explains how a user-oriented,communicative translation based on a concept-to-conceptapproach was used. A background to SNOMED will bepresented. Translation procedures and techniques will bedescribed and exemplified, with special focus on Malone´slinguistically based method of Trajections. The examplesanalyzed will include both highly technical terms and popularmedical phraseology.

Nordic

N-1 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSNordic Division Annual MeetingEdith M. Matteson, administrator, ATA Nordic Division, Ballwin,Missouri

Topics to be covered include: elections, future conferences,newsletter production, exams, and other business.

N-2 (S, 8:30-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSDanish, Norwegian, and Swedish Translation Workshop–Part IIrene B. Berman, owner, Accent, Inc., West Hartford,Connecticut; Helle P. Frandsen, associate professor,Copenhagen Business School, Hellerup, Denmark; Edith M.Matteson, administrator, ATA Nordic Division, Ballwin,Missouri; and David C. Rumsey, freelance translator and owner,North Country Translations, Elk Mound, Wisconsin

This session will be a two-part translation workshop (three hourstotal). One Norwegian, one Swedish, and two Danish texts will bepublished in the Nordic Division's newsletter Aurora Borealisbefore the conference. We will use the two sessions to reviewthe translations of the texts and come up with a commontranslation. The panelists will answer other language-appropriatetranslation questions as time allows.

N-3 (S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSDanish, Norwegian, and Swedish Translation Workshop–Part IIIrene Berman, owner, Accent, Inc., West Hartford, Connecticut;Helle Pals Frandsen, associate professor, CopenhagenBusiness School, Hellerup, Denmark; Edith M. Matteson,administrator, ATA Nordic Division, Ballwin, Missouri; andDavid C. Rumsey, freelance translator and owner, North CountryTranslations, Elk Mound, Wisconsin

N-4 (S, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Translator Adds a Voice or Two: Pentti Saarikoski'sFinnish Translation of The Catcher in the RyeDouglas Robinson, professor of English, University ofMississippi, University, Mississippi

One of the most popular models of communication used inlinguistic theories is borrowed from information theory,according to which the sender sends a message to a receptor,more or less in the same manner as a radio signal is sent from atransmitter to a receiver. In expanded versions of this modelapplied to translation, a new version of this same message issent to a new receptor, who speaks a different language.Because the sender and the message are supposed to be thesame (otherwise, you don't have equivalence!), there is no roomin this model for the translator. Translation becomes amechanical process that somehow magically transforms themessage into something suitable for the new receptor. Thispresentation will employ Mikhail Bakhtin's model of double-voicing to show what actually happens in translation, usingPentti Saarikoski's Finnish translation of Salinger's Catcher inthe Rye as an example.

Portuguese

P-1 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSInternational Economics for Portuguese TranslatorsS. Alexandra Russell-Bitting, senior translator/reviser, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C.

What do ministers of finance talk about when they get together?Based on a Portuguese-language source text on Latin America,this presentation will explore the basics of internationaleconomics, with an emphasis on meaning and proper usage inEnglish and Portuguese. The main topics covered will be realGross Domestic Product growth, current account balance, capitalflows, foreign exchange, international reserves, interest rates,inflation and unemployment, macroeconomic stability, andstructural reform.

P-2 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – BEGINNERFinancial Terminology — U.S./BrazilTimothy T. Yuan, ATA Board member, freelance translator, andsimultaneous interpreter, U.S. Department of State, QueensVillage, New York

Foreign investments have become critical to developingcountries in recent years. Indeed, they can promoteunprecedented growth in emerging markets or bring nations totheir knees when suddenly withdrawn. With roughly 50 percentof the total value of the entire world’s stocks and bonds, U.S.markets and instruments serve as models for the globalinvestment community. This presentation offers an overview ofthe securities markets in the U.S. and different approaches totranslating financial terminology into Brazilian Portuguese.

P-3 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSPortuguese Language Division Annual MeetingVera M. B. Abreu, administrator, ATA Portuguese LanguageDivision, San Jose, California

P-4 (S, 10:15-11:00am) – ADVANCEDTranslating Jô Soares: Does Comedy Transfer AcrossCultures?Clifford E. Landers, administrator, ATA Literary Division, andprofessor of political science, New Jersey City University,Montclair, New Jersey

Translating two novels by the well-known Brazilian talk showhost and comedian Jô Soares presented considerable challenges.Puns, jokes, and more subtle expressions of humor all demandedingenuity, flexibility, and what Brazilians call jogo de cintura ifthe comedy was not to fall flat in translation. This presentationdiscusses specific problems encountered in O Xangô de BakerStreet (published by Panetheon in 1997 as A Samba forSherlock ) and O Homem que Matou Getúlio Vargas(forthcoming).

(S, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSBreast of Judge and Costumed Morals: Exploring AvailableSources for Legal Terminology (English/Portuguese)Arlene M. Kelly, translator, Milton, Massachusetts

Teaching students aspiring to be court interpreters forPortuguese brought home to me the inadequacies of thebilingual Portuguese-English legal dictionaries currentlyavailable. Out of four dictionaries now in print, three weredesigned for international law and business; the fourth, amultilingual dictionary designed around drug terminology, islimited. With contributions from varied sources, a glossary ofterms that will be useful for daily work in federal andMassachusetts state courts is under construction. The firststage includes a foundation of terms in English with their bestlegal equivalents in Brazil, Portugal, and those used in bothcountries distinctively displayed. The obstacles (e.g.,deficiencies of existing dictionaries; scarcity of some obvioussources; lack of equivalent legal concepts) encountered andmethods to overcome them form the heart of this terminologicalexploration.

P-5 (S, 1:45-2:30pm) – ADVANCEDTranslation and ImmortalityRegina Helena Alfarano, translator, interpreter, and instructor,University of São Paulo, Brazil; and Catarina Edinger, chair,English department, William Paterson University, Old Tappan,New Jersey

Translators have long been key contributors to different fields ofknowledge, multifaceted cultural expressions, advancingtechnology, which is to say — to whatever is related tohumankind and cultural interchange/exchange. Nonetheless,translation has rarely been duly recognized as the path towardperennial assets, priceless legacy, and, therefore, culturalheritage — although that is exactly what translation is ultimatelyall about. Paulo Vizioli is the exception in that he was elected asone of the “immortal members” of the Academia Paulista deLetras in Brazil, due mainly to his literary translations. Samples ofhis translations of Chaucer, Blake, John Donne, Yeats, andothers will be read and discussed.

(S, 2:30-3:15pm) – ADVANCEDInfluence of the South American Indian Languages on BrazilianPortuguese: A Journey of Discovery, Beauty, and PassionJohn Rock , freelance technical translator, Houston Texas

This work follows the faltering steps of one translator inexploring the Tupi-Guarani and Chiquito languages, and theenriching effect they have had on Brazilian Portuguese. Thesavage colonial history of South America was written in theblood of the native Indians of the Paraná basin. Step byinexorable step they were haplessly exterminated between thepincers of the opposing colonial powers. These Indians leftbehind nothing to mark their passing: no art, no music, noarchitecture, no writing, no tools, no unique skill, religion orcraft; nothing except their spoken language. Yet the fewsurviving words from the native South American dialects standout for their remarkable beauty, tripping off the tongue with alightness that has very few parallels among the world's otherlanguages. Why should translators concern themselves with adead language? Innate curiosity or an enthusiasm for language?

Science and Technology

ST-1 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSGerman>English Chemistry WorkshopS. Edmund Berger, independent technical translator,Tonawanda, New York

This session will deal with various aspects of chemical andrelated terminology and nomenclature. Selected terms andconcepts occasionally encountered in translating German textsinto English will be discussed. In general, emphasis will be onindividual terms rather than on translating their context. Thisworkshop should be of interest to those among our colleagueswho occasionally or regularly undertake chemical and relatedtranslations, as well as to those who have not had a formaleducation in chemistry. Colleagues working primarily in thebiomedical field may also benefit.

ST-2 (S, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSTechnical Resources for TranslatorsEve Lindemuth Bodeux, Bodeux International, Denver, Colorado

This presentation will survey the use of technical resources fortranslators. Topics covered will include: 1) Internet resourcessuch as glossaries, search engines, and other sites; 2) inter-cultural and technical issues when communicating electronicallywith international colleagues/clients; 3) a review of computer-aided translation tools; and 4) a review of related hard copyresources.

(S, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSA Visual Approach to Technical Terms for Translators andInterpretersPaulo R. Lopes, full-time translator and simultaneous interpreter,Ribeirão Preto, SpainPresentation Language: Spanish

One of the problems translators and interpreters have is trying tounderstand a little about the technical issues they have totranslate or interpret: the more they do the better the final result.By using a standard presentation software package, thisworkshop attempts to bring forth quite a few specific topics invarious areas, such as mechanics, medicine, physics, chemistry.The presenter will use a pictorial approach, so participants canvisualize the differences between closely related terms.

Slavic Languages

SL-1 (T, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSAdventures in Cross-cultural Publication II: IrinaRatushinskaya, Jesus People, and MeLydia Razran Stone, editor, ATA Slavic Languages Divisionnewsletter SlavFile, and freelance literary and technicaltranslator, Alexandria, Virginia

Ten years ago, I described my experiences managing thetranslation for a joint book published by NASA and the RF

Academy of Sciences. This experience was alternatively hilariousand frustrating, delightful and infuriating. Now I have anotherexperience to describe, one that can be characterized by exactlythe same adjectives — the publication of a bilingual book by thedissident poet and camp-survivor, Irina Ratushinskaya. Here themajor cross-cultural disconnects existed not so much betweenthe poet and me, as between me, a genetic product of Russia’sshtetls and a “secular humanist,” and the publisher, an organ ofthe Christian commune, Jesus People. In the first part of thepresentation I will describe my experiences and in the secondread the poetry and discuss the translation issues. (Note: thepresenter has the greatest respect for these people and promisesthat this session will not offend anyone’s religious sensibilities.)

SL-2 (F, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSAnnual Susana Greiss Lecture: The Good, the Bad, and theBeautifulPatricia E. Newman, past ATA president, Albuquerque, NewMexico

This presentation, like some marriages, comprises twoincompatible parts. The first describes the Callaham behindCallaham’s Russian-English Dictionary of Science andTechnology and the incredibly tedious process calledlexicography. Anyone awake for the second part will hear alongtime user of translation and interpretation services talkingabout the good, the bad, and the incredibly beautiful from thecustomer’s perspective.

(F, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSCensus 2000: A Pretext to Discuss Rendering U.S. Realia inRussian/UkrainianVadim I. Khazin, translator, International Center forEnvironmental Resources and Development, City University ofNew York, New York

The official Census 2000 questionnaire presented a number ofchallenges when translated into Russian/Ukrainian. Thesechallenges are related to the differences in both vocabulary andrealia of life in the respective languages and cultures. Examplesto be discussed cover: a) personal information (parent-in-law,foster child, housemate/roommate, separated, etc.); b) education(preschool versus kindergarten, undergraduate versusgraduate school, associate degree, etc.); c) jobs and programs(Supplemental Security Income , job versus business, businessversus industry, nursing home , mobile home , etc.). There is alsoa large group of official American institutions that are difficult torender properly: various governmental Departments andAgencies, U.S. Surgeon General, National Kidney Foundation,etc.)

SL-3 (S, 8:30-10:00am) – ALL LEVELSSlavic Languages Division Annual MeetingNatalia S. Kissock , administrator, ATA Slavic LanguagesDivision, Edina, Minnesota

SL-4 (S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSRiding the Rough Roads Between Russian and English Nora S. Favorov, freelance commercial and literary translator,Orlando, Florida

The goal of this workshop is to provide a forum for discussion ofthe tougher and more interesting problems faced by Russian-English and English-Russian translators. Through the SlavicLanguages Division newsletter, The SlavFile, division membershave been invited to submit seemingly untranslatable idioms,terms, concepts, or wordplay. How do you translate a PowerPoint slide when the one- or two-word points in English eachneed more than 10 to be expressed in Russian? How do youtranslate a pun? And how do you say, “double dipping” or “beerbelly” in Russian? Come help blaze the trails.

SL-5 (S, 3:30-5:00pm) – INTERMEDIATEThe Dictionary: My Friend, My EnemyMarina Aranovich, Russian translator and interpreter, Houston,Texas; and Boris M. Silversteyn, Russian and Ukrainiantranslator, Venice, Florida

Dictionaries always have been, and still are, indispensable toolsof a translator (and interpreter). The advent of online dictionarieshas not eliminated the need for, and the use of, hard copy(paper) ones. The panelists will share their experience, and theirtricks, in using various types of dictionaries–general andspecialized; mono-, bi-, and multilingual; and paper andelectronic. Advantages and limitations of different dictionarystructures will be discussed, as well as pitfalls lying in wait for atranslator treading into unfamiliar territory (subject matter).

Spanish

S-1 (T, 1:45-3:15pm) – INTERMEDIATE/ADVANCEDEnglish-Spanish Translation of Financial Documents: English,Spanish, or Spanglish? Part II Silvana T. Debonis, instructor, Universidad del Museo Social,Buenos Aires, ArgentinaPresentation Language: Spanish

Last year, we analyzed some of the most common mistakes foundin the English>Spanish translation of financial documents. Thissecond part will focus mainly on two phenomena: the threat of"false cognates," and the incorrect use of prepositions andgrammar structures. In addition, we will analyze the pervasiveinfluence of "the financial press" and its share of responsibilityin the development of this hybrid language known as"Spanglish ."

S-2 (T, 3:30-5:00pm) – INTERMEDIATE/ADVANCEDLanguages, Media, Globalization Raúl Avila, professor, El Colegio de México, MexicoPresentation Language: Spanish

The printing press, the first form of mass media, promoted theexpansion of the written word and, as a consequence, literacy.The publication of translations of the Bible was an important

factor in standardizing the European languages. Five centurieslater, cinema, radio, and television have been fundamental in thestandardization of the spoken language. And more recently inthe global village, the Internet promotes standardization and, atthe same time, transmits individual variation in chat-rooms. Inthis situation some criteria must be defined to determine whichstructure of an international language, like Spanish, should beused in these media which will be in agreement with the differentcommunicative situations.

S-3 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSSpanish Language Division Annual MeetingAlicia S.V. Marshall, supervisor, Spanish Translation Section,Rotary International, founder, Translators and Interpreters'Practice Laboratory, and administrator, ATA Spanish LanguageDivision, Evanston, IllinoisPresentation Language: Spanish

S-4 (F, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSTopics in Spanish Lexical Dialectology: Kids’ StuffAndre Moskowitz, hispanist, lexicographer, dialectologist,assistant administrator, ATA Spanish Language Division, and atranslator/interpreter, Executive Office for Immigration Review,Department of Justice, San Francisco, California This presentation will provide information on how the Spanish-language names for balloon, hopscotch, kite, marbles, seesaw orteeter-totter, slide, slingshot, and other children-related itemsvary by country and region. The terms that have been found tobe used in each of the 20 Spanish-speaking countries will bepresented, and the audience will be asked to share its knowledgeof regional children-related terminology.

(F, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSLa Globalización y Los NeologismosLuis E. Quezada, senior Spanish translator, Inter-AmericanDevelopment Bank, Washington, D.C.Presentation Language: Spanish

This lecture will discuss the many new words that are croppingup in modern Spanish in international, bilingual circles and innewspapers as a result of the globalization of information, trade,and industry. Since English is the main source of newterminology, Spanish speakers are scrambling to come up withequivalents, which are not always all that “castizos.” A widecorpus of newly coined Spanish terms is taking citizenship ininternational circles, sometimes clashing with the traditional,established language usage. From this grab bag, we will try todetermine which terms seem acceptable and which are definitelyunacceptable.

S-5 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSInternational Economics for Spanish TranslatorsS. Alexandra Russell-Bitting, senior translator/reviser, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C.

What do ministers of finance talk about when they get together?Based on a Spanish-language source text on Latin America, thislecture will explore the basics of international economics, with an

emphasis on meaning and proper usage in English and Spanish.The main topics covered will be real Gross Domestic Productgrowth, current account balance, capital flows, foreign exchange,international reserves, interest rates, inflation andunemployment, macroeconomic stability, and structural reform.

S-6 (S, 8:30-9:15am) – ALL LEVELSTrans-libations: Spanish-English Wine Terminology from theVineyard to the GlassKirk Anderson, chair, ATA Chapters Committee, andindependent translator, Miami Beach, Florida

Taken together, Spanish-speaking countries may produce morewine than any other linguistic block on earth, but that’s not tosay that translating wine literature is big business. Thisunpretentious, “for the love of the art” presentation will take theaudience on a tour through the process of making andappreciating wine in both Spanish and English and, whileattempting to break down the barriers between wine snobs andthe rest of us, will offer a model for acquiring practicalterminological knowledge in any field of expertise.

(S, 9:15-10:00am) – BEGINNERCorporate Finance: Legal and Financial Terminology Silvana T. Debonis, instructor, Universidad del Museo Social,Buenos Aires, ArgentinaPresentation Language: Spanish

Corporate finance has become a key success factor forcompanies, and translators have played an important role inbridging the communication gap between international credit

institutions and companies. English>Spanish translators whowant to start working in this field will soon find out that amongthe most challenging features of corporate finance lies the closeinterrelation of financial and legal concepts–two areastranslators need to address if they are to render an accuratetranslation. In this presentation, intended for beginners in thisfield, we will explore some legal and financial concepts (andrelated terminology) in loan agreements, bond indentures, creditfacilities, among others.

S-7 (S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSTranslating, Editing, and Decision-making: Group Therapy forSpanish Translators Alicia N. Agnese, freelance Spanish-English translator andorganizer of Spanish translation workshops, Falls Church,Virginia; and Pimpi Coggins, president, Houston Interpretersand Translators Association, Houston, Texas

The presenters will lead a group analysis of two English intoSpanish translation/editing case studies that will include variousgrammatical and terminology issues. A thorough review of thedecision-making process behind a neutral rendering of a Spanishtext in various subject matters and fields–both of general andtechnical nature–will ensue. The client-translator/editor sharedresponsibilities on terminology choices will also be discussed.Participants are encouraged to bring their own case studies for agroup review.

S-8 (S, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSSyntactic, Lexical, Morphological, and Orthographical Errorsin Journalistic SpanishAlberto Gómez Font, philologist, Departamento de EspañolUrgente of the Agencia EFE, Madrid, SpainPresentation Language: Spanish

The primary place that written Spanish is on display is notbooks, but the press: newspapers, magazines, and nowadays,electronic publications on the Internet as well. This is whereusers and students of Spanish can see how the language iscurrently being used in its written form. It is the benchmarkmodel, and because it is a model, we must treat it with care,because in the Spanish used in the press we find deviations fromthe standard and errors in the use of the language. This will bethe focus of our workshop.

S-9 (S, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSTranslating Bond Clauses from Spanish into EnglishLeland D. Wright, Jr., freelance translator and instructor,Spanish-English commercial/legal translation, M.A. translatortraining program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio

This session provides a continuation of similar seminars on thesubject of Spanish-English legal translation that were offered byTom West at the last three conferences. It will focus ontranslating bond clauses of contractual documents. At least twodifferent documents will be analyzed and discussed, with anemphasis on the pertinent terminology and phraseology used inthe two languages.

Terminology

TERM-1 (T, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSBeyond DictionariesEric A. Bye, freelance translator, Chester, Vermont

Dictionaries may be a translator’s best friend, but sometimesthey let us down. After some brief observations on paper andelectronic dictionaries and my usual modus operandi when I’mstumped, I’ll focus on several stratagems I have found to beeffective in translating unfindable words and concepts, usingspecific examples from my recent work into English from French,Spanish, and German. Some valuable resources includenetworking with experts, specialized target language books, andeven junk mail. Attendees will be encouraged to share ideas thatwork for them.

TERM-2 (S, 3:30-4:15pm) – BEGINNERGetting More out of Dictionaries Mordecai Schreiber, founder and president, SchreiberTranslations and Schreiber Publishing, Rockville, Maryland

Professional translators have always found dictionariesinsufficient sources for answering all questions arising fromtranslation from one language into another. Lexicography in theU.S., as well as worldwide, continues to be a problem area.Today, we face an additional question of dictionaries on disk

and online replacing the traditional printed ones. Using examplessuch as the forthcoming Great French Medical Dictionary andthe recent Multicultural Spanish Dictionary, the question of thelimitations of dictionaries in general is discussed. Thispresentation will also offer ways to maximize dictionary use,going beyond the traditional concept of reprinting a book everyfew years.

(S, 4:15-5:00pm) – BEGINNERHow to Create Your Own Terminology Database UsingMicrosoft AccessJulie A. Tabler, freelance translator and part-time interpreter,Language Line Services, Bozeman, Montana

This presentation is designed primarily for freelance translatorswho want a computer tool for terminology storage that will meettheir specific needs. The Access database program can be usedalone or linked to your existing terminology database to enhanceits searchability and flexibility. Access comes with severalsample databases, none of which have any resemblance to aterminology database, so you need to start from scratch. Thishow-to demonstration on the computer should save you a lot oftime perusing through Access manuals and help files. Your ideasand suggestions are welcome.

Training and Pedagogy

T/P-1 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSTeachers' ForumGertrud Graubart Champe, ATA director, chair, ATA TrainingCommittee, and director, Translation Laboratory, University ofIowa, Iowa City, Iowa

T/P-2 (F, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSInternships–Bridging the Gap from the Classroom to the RealWorldJames Archibald, instructor, McGill University, Montreal,Quebec, Canada; Helene D. Bergman, freelance translator, NewYork City; Eileen Brockbank , freelance Spanish>Englishtranslator, New York City; Marian S. Greenfield, adjunctassociate professor of translation, New York University, andmanager, Translation Services, JP Morgan, New York City; andMarshall Morris, professor of translation, Graduate Program inTranslation, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico

There is always a big leap from the translation classroom to thereal world. Interns have the benefit of real world experience in acontrolled environment. In this session, we will discuss howinterns progress from their classroom experience to working onlive projects in an office environment and under deadline. Wewill also discuss how the documents covered in class preparethe students for the internship. There will then be an opendiscussion to bring together potential internship sponsors,schools providing interns, and potential interns.

T/P-3 (F, 3:30-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSNew Translator and Interpreter Trainer Education Program: ASneak PreviewJacolyn Harmer, instructor, French and German translation andinterpretation, Monterey Institute of International StudiesGraduate School of Translation and Interpretation, Monterey,California; Robert Alfred Kohls, head of the English StudiesProgram and admissions and recruiting advisor, MontereyInstitute of International Studies Graduate School of Translationand Interpretation, Monterey, California; Holly Mikkelson,associate professor of translation and interpretation and director,International Interpretation Resource Center, Monterey Instituteof International Studies Graduate School of Translation andInterpretation, Monterey, California; David Burton Sawyer,assistant professor and head of the German Program, MontereyInstitute of International Studies Graduate School of Translationand Interpretation, Monterey, California; and Diane de Terra ,professor and dean, Monterey Institute of International StudiesGraduate School of Translation and Interpretation, Monterey,California

A panel of Monterey Institute of International Studies GraduateSchool of Translation and Interpretation faculty invites new andcurrent teachers of translation and interpretation to join in thisdiscussion presenting the philosophy and key curricular aspectsof its innovative Translator and Interpreter Trainer EducationProgram. Core program components include new technologies inthe classroom, distance learning, effective assessment methods,learner-centered pedagogy, multilingual classes, languageenhancement, and the successful blend of theory and practice.

T/P-4 (S, 8:30-9:15am) – INTERMEDIATE/ADVANCEDThe Pedagogy of Translation and Interpretation: A Review of theLiterature Claudia Angelelli, instructor, Department of Spanish andPortuguese, Stanford Law School, Stanford University, PacificGrove, California The nature of the field of translation and interpretation studiessuggests a puzzle formed by interdisciplinary field pieces suchas cross-cultural communication, sociology, anthropology,sociolinguistics, bilingualism, second language acquisition,cognitive psychology, and social psychology, among others.However, the bulk of literature and research on the aptitudes,pedagogy, and assessment of translators and interpretersremains in the hands of experts in the field, increasing the risk ofnot having an interdisciplinary approach. The following literaturereview surveys interpretation and translation books, journals,dissertations, and conference proceedings in order to: 1) analyzeand summarize the research that has been carried out on thenecessary aptitudes or skills to perform interpretation and itsrelationship to the knowledge base of the field of interpretationand interpreter training institutions; and 2) identify thepedagogical beliefs that have guided the teaching ofinterpretation.

(S, 9:15-10:00am) – ADVANCEDTranslator Training in the U.S.: A Study of IntroductoryTranslation Classrooms in Three Mid-Atlantic UniversitiesJonathan T. Hine, Jr., full-time translator and instructor oftechnical translation, James Madison University, Charlottesville,Virginia

Using interpretive inquiry, the presenter studied three differentintroductory translation classes: an independent initiative by alanguage instructor that was not part of a larger translatoreducation program; a pilot course by a university establishing aminor in technical translation; and the first course in a two-yearsequence leading to a certificate in translation, a program thathad been operating for 20 years. The goal of this study was tofacilitate the evaluation of translation classes and to discoverconsiderations that would be relevant to evaluation design.Findings with implications for translator education in the U.S.and for future research will be reported.

T/P-5 (S, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSFlorida's Teachers' ForumJo Anne Engelbert, ATA Board member, former chair,Spanish/Italian Department and coordinator of TranslatorTraining in Spanish, Montclair State University, Saint Augustine, Florida

Translators and Computers

TAC-1 (T, 1:45-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSLocalisation Industry Standards Association OverviewMichael Anobile, managing director, Localisation IndustryStandards Association, Geneva, Switzerland

TAC-2 (T, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Web-centric Translator: Language Professionals in the21st CenturyBjörn W. Austraat, senior consultant, eTranslate, San Francisco,California

This presentation will outline some of the fundamental changesthe Web has brought to the translation profession, ranging frominnovative marketing and advertising to Web-centric workflowmanagement systems. Participants will receive pointers oncreating a Website and driving targeted traffic to it, building aunique Web identity, and making full use of online resources forresearch, job management, and invoicing. As an example of acorporate Web-centric workflow system, there will be a briefdiscussion of eTranslate’s ULTRA system and its impact on thetranslator community.

TAC-3 (T, 3:30-4:15pm) – BEGINNERIntroduction to Software Localization (L10N) and TranslationTechnologiesStephanie D. Livermore, owner, Francecom TechnicalTranslations, Holyoke, Massachusetts

In the U.S. today, there is a huge amount of software releasedevery day which will need to be localized tomorrow to be sold in

another part of the globe in a few weeks. Each year when I cometo the ATA conference, I hear freelancers say that they "dosoftware localization," but what they really mean is "they dosoftware translation." This session will offer pointers toresources, literature, localization software, and tips fornewcomers to the localization industry to give them a head startin this competitive industry.

(T, 4:15-5:00pm) – BEGINNERASTM Standards OverviewAlan K. Melby, ATA director and chair, ATA Translation andComputers Committee, Provo, Utah

TAC-4 (F, 10:15-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSWebsites: Danger and OpportunityAnna Kuzminsky, vice-president, Colorado TranslatorsAssociation, Boulder, Colorado; Clove Lynch, localizationproject manager, Louisville, Colorado; Ellen S. Slavitz, managerof global solutions, WholeTree.com, Inc., Colorado Springs,Colorado; and Mylène Vialard , president, Colorado TranslatorsAssociation, Eldorado Springs, Colorado

This panel, consisting of both translators and agencyrepresentatives, will tell you what you need to know to enter theexciting and potentially lucrative world of Website translation.We will cover such topics as: the fundamentals of HTML; whatyou receive from your client (or give to your translator); helpfultools; determining cost; the special "look and feel" of Websites;content localization; and potential pitfalls. We've done it andlived to talk about it...and so can you!

TAC-5 (F, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSTranslation Memory Tools — Fact or Fiction?Brian Chandler, overseer, STAR Transit testing, training,support, and sales, MultiLing International, Provo, Utah; ThierryJambage, vice-president of marketing, Star-USA, LLC, CherryHill, New Jersey; Jean-Luc Saillard , vice-president ofoperations, STAR-USA, LLC, Cherry Hill, New Jersey; andMuriel Wang, translator, Magness Group, Vancouver, BritishColumbia, Canada

In our society, translators and companies can no longer beefficient or competitive without finding some way to reducetranslation costs and time. Recognizing that computertechnology is essential to reach this goal, many have lookedtoward computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools for theanswer. Because of the difficulty using CAT tools andintegrating them in their processes, many translators haveshunned this technology. Are CAT tools really the answer? TheSTAR Transit family of products will be presented in detail anddiscussed. An automated translation workflow system will alsobe introduced for companies having high-volume translation.

(F, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSHow Can TRADOS Tools Benefit Your Localization Projects?Christina Spies, director of regional sales, TRADOSCorporation, Alexandria, Virginia

This session on TRADOS' translation memory tools is designed

to help freelancers and agencies evaluate the cost/benefit ratioof the TRADOS tools. Demonstrations will underscore the tools’functionality and the following topics will be discussed: Howdoes translation memory work? Who should use translationmemory? Which projects are suitable for translation memory?What are the benefits of using it? What distinguishes TRADOStools from other tools on the market?

TAC-6 (F, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSBeyond Translation Memory: The Latest Second-GenerationCAT ToolsBrian M. Briggs, managing director, Language PartnersInternational, Inc., Evanston, IllinoisDepending on whose dates you use, translation memorytechnology has celebrated a decade of existence since its firstdays in professional use. And to this day, most tools in themarket continue to rely on the original concepts of perfect andfuzzy sentence matching technology. That is until now. Thispresentation will focus on the new “second generation” toolsthat are now coming to market that include breakthroughfeatures such as example-based machine translation, translationrepositories, and smart user interfaces. What promise do thesenew capabilities hold for the freelance translator and translationagency?

(F, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSSDLXDenise Baldwin, SDLX support manager, SDL International,Maldenhead, Berke, United Kingdom

SDLX is a translation memory tool designed by SDL’s in-housedevelopers using the latest technology to provide a completesolution to the bottlenecks encountered by their vast user baseof translators. SDLX offers a concise, user-friendly interface thatsupports TMX, Unicode, and Open Tag.

TAC-7 (S, 8:30-9:15am) – INTERMEDIATEMachine Translation: Getting Down to BusinessWalter K. Hartmann, technical director, Lernout & Hauspie,Pittsford, New York

Hype aside, machine translation is settling into its proper place,not as a replacement for human translation, but as an importantpart of the profession as it is practiced today. Memory tools thatsave translation time by speeding the translation of repetitivetext segments, for example, and Internet translation tools thattranslate entire Websites on the fly, are reducing costs andopening translation/localization services to new marketsegments. How “good” are these developments? Like any tools,that depends on the skills of those who use them. This is a roll-up-your-sleeves and get busy session that shoves aside thepros and cons and gets down to the business of how best to usemachine translation to enhance productivity and advance theprofession at large.

(S, 9:15-10:00am) – ADVANCEDIs the Machine Translation Technology Available Today Readyto Replace Human Translations?Stefan Lampert, XTRA Translation Services, Boeblingen,Germany

Localization managers are being asked more often about thepossibilities of using Machine Translation (MT) in thetranslation process. The dream of doing translationsautomatically by machines has never been so vital. Theprospects for MT in terms of cost and time-to-market look veryattractive. But what about quality? Can the MT technologyavailable today provide acceptable translation quality? Shouldcompanies with high-volume translation needs convert theirlocalization strategy to MT technology now? Are there anyalternatives to MT?

TAC-8 (S, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSThe KISS Method for Saving Vital InformationLuciana Caffesse, freelance technical, scientific, and literarytranslator, San Nicolás, Argentina; and Daniel D. MacDougall, freelance translator, Beaufort, SouthCarolina

Learn step-by-step a simple, highly copyable method of creatingfiles and saving e-mails, URLs, bibliographies, and personalizedglossaries. This method can be used with Word ’97 and WordPerfect, within either the Windows ’98 or Windows 2000 format.Why waste valuable time searching for crucial information whenyour bread and butter is earned by time spent translating? Thismethod has been used for the last year and a half and hasimproved performance greatly. You already have the tools to putthe plan into action. All that is missing is the method.

(S, 11:00-11:45am) – INTERMEDIATEWhen Every Word Counts: Word Counting Tools andEstimation TechniquesFranco P. Zearo , Italian senior technical translator andlocalization analyst, INT’L.com, Boulder, Colorado

Translators in the U.S. are usually paid by the number of wordsin the source text. Although this is an industry standard, thispractice is sometimes a source of controversy. How can theprofessional translator squeeze every penny out of a text and notget defrauded? In this presentation, some word countingtools—either stand-alone or as internal features in commercialprograms—will be examined. The confusion and debatesurrounding leveraged word counts will also be explored. Finally,the author will share a few creative techniques on how toestimate word counts when automated solutions fail.

TAC-9 (S, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSManaging Clients, Project Management, and Translation overthe Web: New Brunswick Translation Case StudyFrançois Roy, vice-president, software division, Ordiplan, inc.,Longuevil, Quebec, Canada

The New Brunswick Translation Bureau is a governmentdepartment dedicated to the to the process of translating

documents and supporting more than 200 clients spread all overthe province of New Brunswick. Forty employees and 60 externalcontractors process more than 14,000 requests per year–onerequest can have more than 200 documents to translate and onedocument can have up to five different tasks associated with it.The traditional process was slow and resources intensive andcostly. Integrating InTempo 4, FormFlow 99, and PC Docsdocument management system, Ordiplan developed a documentworkflow process, called Doc@Flow, that enabled theTranslation Bureau to streamline workflow, correct errorsgenerated in the manual procedures, ensure reliable access tocurrent job data, eliminate procedural irritants, and producesubstantial cost savings.

(S, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Translator as Web Consultant: XML and OnlineTranslatingDavid Halsted, head of technical research and development,Centromine, and co-founder, PageSpan.com, East Lansing,Michigan; and Beatriz D. Urraca, founder, PageSpan.com,Wallingford, Pennsylvania

As the Web turns truly international, opportunities for Web-savvy translators have never been greater. The presenters, whofounded PageSpan.com, will demonstrate a complex versioncontrol system that can be applied to a large number oflanguages, permitting translators to work collaboratively overInternet connections. They will show how translating canbecome online information management for clients of all sizes,and how individual translators can take advantage of theInternet to become Web translators without knowing anyHTML.

TAC-10 (S, 3:30-4:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Six Steps of Web SearchingManon Bergeron, freelance English-French translator, Montreal,Quebec, Canada

This session is intended to help translators hone their skills assearchers by giving them specific Internet search techniques. Itcovers searching basics that everyone can use, but has beenadapted to meet the needs of translators. All translators knowthat the word they need could be somewhere on the Web. Thequestion is how to find it? Develop the skills that will help youuse search engines to find a wealth of terminology. Thepresentation explains how search engines work, how to ask theright questions, and how to evaluate the answers. It also studiesthe features of several search engines found to be particularlyuseful for translators. Best of all, it gives you tips that you canuse to search faster and more effectively.

(S, 4:15-5:00pm) – ALL LEVELSEvolving Internet Strategies: Working the WebSusan C. Rials, independent translator and instructor, Divisionof Interpretation and Translation, Georgetown University,Frederick, Maryland; and William H. Skinner, independenttranslator, interpreter, and instructor, Georgetown University,Washington, D.C.

As the Internet expands and evolves, translators have access tonearly limitless resources–provided that we keep learning as thetechnology develops. Changes in our clients' use of the Internetmean that we have to acquire and refine our skills in handling e-mail attachments, converting file formats, and using some newhardware and software. Globalization of the independentcontractor market is in full swing, and our strategies for workingthe Web are key to staying competitive. The presenters willsuggest strategies for conducting successful Web searches,asking clients the right questions to minimize compatibilityproblems, software do's and don'ts, and other netiquetteconcerns. A moderated open-floor discussion will follow. Thoseattending are encouraged to share success stories and lessonslearned from trial and error.

Varia

V-1 (T, 1:45-2:30pm) – ALL LEVELSAFTI — The American Foundation for Translation andInterpretation, Inc.Allan W. Adams, AFTI secretary, ATA Board member, andfounder, Adams Translation Services, Austin, Texas; BettyBecker-Theye, AFTI treasurer, and professor of modernlanguages and director of the Program inTranslation/Interpretation, University of Nebraska at Kearney,Kearney, Nebraska; Peter W. Krawutschke, AFTI president,secretary general, FIT, past ATA president, and professor ofGerman, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan;and Muriel M. Jérôme-O'Keeffe , AFTI director, past ATApresident, and managing director, JTG, Inc., Alexandria, Virginia

Founded in 1997, the American Foundation for Translation andInterpretation, Inc. (AFTI) attempts to preserve the past oftranslation and interpretation in the U.S. and to support its futuredevelopment through educational programs, scholarships, andarchival preservation. In doing so, the AFTI follows the exampleof other professional associations by offering the industry avehicle to make tax-favored contributions for the benefit ofpreserving the past and enhancing the future of translation andinterpretation. This session will report on the results achieved sofar and on future projects, directions, and goals. Most important,this session will allow the audience to contribute to the shapingof the AFTI's future through suggestions and comments.

(T, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSFédération Internationale des Traducteurs (FIT)Peter W. Krawutschke, ATA past president, secretary general,FIT, and professor of German, Western Michigan University,Kalamazoo, Michigan

The Fédération Internationale des Traducteurs (FIT), founded in1953 in Paris, is the most significant and influential non-governmental organization representing translation andinterpretation globally. Over the years, ATA has significantlycontributed to the effectiveness of FIT and is presently assistingin FIT’s effort to professionalize its headquarters operation afterhaving moved the FIT Secretariat to Montreal. This session willfurnish general information about FIT’s structure and operation

as well as its future direction and goals, and how ATA andindividual ATA members can contribute and benefit from FIT activities.

V-2 (S, 10:15-11:00am) – ALL LEVELSNational Geographic Television and National GeographicChannels Worldwide: Translations for InternationalDistributionHenk L. Boute, freelance translator, Arlington, Virginia; andJuan F. Tituaña, translation manager, National GeographicTelevision Translations Department, Washington, D.C.

National Geographic Television (NGT) and National GeographicChannels Worldwide (NGCW) television programs are translatedinto more than 35 languages and are seen by over 55-millionviewers in 60 countries around the world. All NGT/NGCWtelevision programs for distribution are translated by ourinternational licensees (broadcasters and partners in Europe,Asia, and Latin America). Translated television scripts andmarketing materials are then sent to NGT’s Washington, D.C.headquarters for review of translations by freelancetranslators/reviewers. This presentation will focus on the majorresponsibilities of the National Geographic TelevisionTranslations Department in ensuring that NGT/NGCW televisionprograms maintain high quality translations throughout theworld. Short television programs samples in different languageswill be shown to participants.

(S, 11:00-11:45am) – ALL LEVELSNational Geographic’s International Editions: Around theWorld in (at least) Fourteen Languages Every MonthCamilla Bozzoli Rudolph, translator, National GeographicSociety, Washington, D.C.; Scott Brennan, ATA Board Memberand freelance member of the Italian and Spanish reviewing teams,Bristow, Virginia; Lillian Clementi, reviewer for the Frenchedition of National Geographic, Washington, D.C.; BarrySlaughter Olsen, member, Latin American translation reviewteam, Monterey, California; Bernard Ohanian, editorial director,international editions, National Geographic Magazine,Washington, D.C.; Leonor Adriana Rosado-Bonewitz, member,Latin American translation review team, Lake County, Illinois;and Yukako Y. Seltzer, freelance member of the Japanesereviewing team, Centreville, Virginia

National Geographic Magazine's Italian, Japanese, LatinAmerican, Spanish, Hebrew, Greek, German, French, Polish,Korean, Chinese (traditional characters), Danish, Swedish,Norwegian, and Brazilian Portuguese international editions areproduced by licensees or partners of the National GeographicSociety working in their home countries. Several more languagesare under consideration for launches in 2001. All translations arereviewed before publication by teams of translation reviewersand editorial staff based in Washington, D.C., whoseresponsibility it is to ensure that the translated text is 100 percentfactually accurate and captures the nuances of the Englishsource text. Concentrating on new developments since lastyear's well-received presentation, the presenters will discuss theeditorial/translation process developed to maintain NGM 'srigorous standards on a tight schedule. Relying chiefly on the

Italian and Japanese editions for examples, the special translationproblems encountered in bringing an American cultural icon toan international audience in one piece will be discussed.

V-3 (S, 1:45-2:30pm) – INTERMEDIATEThe Power of Three: Improving Translation by Working inTeamsElizabeth Abraham Gomez, co-owner and co-operator, YourMother Tongue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Generally speaking, translation error has two roots: 1) thetranslator is working into a second language rather than intohis/her mother tongue, and 2) the translator misinterprets thesource text. While some companies now set up an assembly lineof translators, the editor often has the same mother tongue asthe translator and is therefore susceptible to the samemisinterpretation of the original text. Team translation combininga target-language translator, a source-language “back-translator,” and target-language proofreader eliminates theseprincipal sources of translation error. “Back-translation,” the keystep, goes far beyond editing in its purpose and scope.

(S, 2:30-3:15pm) – ALL LEVELSThe Conscientious Translator and Editor–Are You Doing YourJob?Virginia Eva Berry-Gruby, EBG Associates, and past ATApresident, Lakewood, New Jersey; and Lucien Morin, SulzerMetco, Inc., Westbury, New Jersey

The triangle: client, translation firm, and translator. Do youhonestly think that you are doing a professional job? Are youmeeting client requirements? Editors must read both the Englishand foreign text to see if the writing reflects a goodunderstanding of the topic. They must also read for correctgrammar and usage, good flow of thought, and must flag anyerrors, omissions, or inconsistencies. Translators need to beaccurate, clear, and consistent. What are some of the things thateditors and translators must be aware of to do their job? Whendo you accept or refuse a translation or editing contract? Decidewhen to use software programs such as TRADOS and Déjà vu.