deskripsi spesies botani tumbuhan tinggi

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1. Areca cathecu Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Angiosperms class: Monocots (unranked): Commelinids Order: Arecales Family: Arecaceae Genus: Areca Species: A. catechu Common name Betel nut palm, pinang, bing lang, areca nut, bunga. Family Arecaceae (Palmae) Overview Size: 60 feet (20 meter) tall; trunk diameter is 8 - 12 inch (20 – 30 cm). Trunk: solitary, slender and erect. Origin: Indonesia, but now also growing in Suriname. Leaf: up to 7' long, broad leaflets, the tips being jagged. Flower stalk: whitish; sweet scented; from below the crown shaft on a branching spadix. Fruit: orange-yellow when ripe, to 2.5 inch long (betel nuts). It has a fleshy pericarp and fibrous mesocarp. Seed: Areca catechu is grown for the important seed crop, the Betel nut . The nut itself is brown, oval and flattened at one end. The fruit flesh on the seed has psychoactive properties (stimulating effects) and in South-east Asia is used as such by chewing on the fruit. It produces euphoria, heightened alertness, sweating, salivation, a hot sensation in the body and an increased capacity to work. The alkaloid arecoline found in the nut, accounts for these effects. However there may be undesirable side effects associated with chewing on the fruit such as an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, sweating and body temperature. Betel chewing also increases plasma concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine. The Betelnut is also used as an offering in Hinduism. Ikhtisar

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Page 1: deskripsi spesies botani tumbuhan tinggi

1. Areca cathecuKingdom: PlantaePhylum: Angiospermsclass: Monocots(unranked): CommelinidsOrder: ArecalesFamily: ArecaceaeGenus: ArecaSpecies: A. catechu

Common name Betel nut palm, pinang, bing lang, areca nut, bunga.

Family Arecaceae (Palmae)

Overview Size: 60 feet (20 meter) tall; trunk diameter is 8 - 12 inch (20 – 30 cm).Trunk: solitary, slender and erect.Origin: Indonesia, but now also growing in Suriname.Leaf: up to 7' long, broad leaflets, the tips being jagged.Flower stalk: whitish; sweet scented; from below the crown shaft on a branching spadix.Fruit: orange-yellow when ripe, to 2.5 inch long (betel nuts). It has a fleshy pericarp and fibrous mesocarp.Seed: Areca catechu is grown for the important seed crop, the Betel nut.The nut itself is brown, oval and flattened at one end.The fruit flesh on the seed has psychoactive properties (stimulating effects) and in South-east Asia is used as such by chewing on the fruit.It produces euphoria, heightened alertness, sweating, salivation, a hot sensation in the body and an increased capacity to work. The alkaloid arecoline found in the nut, accounts for these effects.However there may be undesirable side effects associated with chewing on the fruit such as an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, sweating and body temperature.Betel chewing also increases plasma concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine.The Betelnut is also used as an offering in Hinduism.

IkhtisarUkuran: 60 kaki (20 meter) tinggi, diameter batang adalah 8-12 inci (20 - 30 cm).Batang: soliter, ramping dan tegak.Asal: Indonesia, tetapi sekarang juga berkembang di Suriname.Daun: sampai 7 'panjang, leaflet luas, ujung yang bergerigi.Bunga tangkai: keputihan, beraroma manis, dari bawah batang mahkota pada gagang percabangan.Buah: oranye-kuning ketika masak, sampai 2,5 inci panjang (buah pinang). Memiliki pericarp berdaging dan mesocarp berserat.Biji: Areca catechu ditanam untuk tanaman bibit penting, kacang Sirih.

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Kacang itu sendiri berwarna coklat, oval dan rata pada salah satu ujungnya.Daging buah biji memiliki sifat psikoaktif (efek stimulasi) dan di Asia Tenggara digunakan sebagai seperti oleh mengunyah buah.Ini menghasilkan euforia, kewaspadaan tinggi, berkeringat, air liur, sensasi panas dalam tubuh dan peningkatan kemampuan kerja.The arecoline alkaloid yang ditemukan di mur, rekening untuk efek-efek.Namun mungkin ada efek samping yang tidak diinginkan terkait dengan mengunyah pada buah seperti peningkatan denyut jantung, tekanan darah, berkeringat dan suhu tubuh.Mengunyah sirih juga meningkatkan konsentrasi plasma dari norepinefrin dan epinefrin.The Betelnut juga digunakan sebagai korban dalam Hinduisme.

2. arenga piñataSize: Up to 60 feet (18 m) Min. Temperature: 28°F (-2°C)Water Requirements: Regular waterSun Requirements: Full sun to light shade

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Origin: India, southeast Asia, Malaysia, IndonesiaGermination: Easy germination in 2 to 6 weeks when fresh.Leaf: Pinnate, 20 to 25 leaves, very dark green top, silvery bottom, erect, up to 12 meters long. Trunk: Covered with black fibers and spines., 15 to 20 inches in diameter (40 to 50 cm). Flower: Showy yellow flowers. As most of the Caryotas and Arengas, after the tree finishes blooming, it dies. Flower stalk coming from among the leaves, much longer than the leaves. Fruit: purple. 1.5 inches in diameter (4 cm). round to oval, containing generally 3 seeds, takes over one year to ripen.

Asal: India, Asia Tenggara, Malaysia, IndonesiaPerkecambahan: perkecambahan Mudah dalam 2 sampai 6 minggu jika segar.Daun: menyirip, 20-25 daun, atas hijau sangat gelap, bagian bawah keperakan, tegak, sampai 12 meter.Batang: Diselimuti serat hitam dan duri., 15-20 inci dalam diameter (40-50 cm).Bunga: bunga kuning menyolok. Karena sebagian besar Caryotas dan Arengas, setelah pohon selesai mekar, mati. Tangkai bunga yang berasal dari antara daun, lebih lama daripada daun.Buah: ungu. 1,5 inci dengan diameter cm (4). bulat untuk oval, umumnya berisi 3 biji, mengambil lebih dari satu tahun sampai matang.

Kingdom: Plantae(unranked): Angiosperms(unranked): Monocots(unranked): CommelinidsOrder: ArecalesFamily: ArecaceaeGenus: ArengaSpecies: A. pinnata

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3. caryota mitis

Kingdom: Plantae(unranked): Angiosperms(unranked): Monocots(unranked): CommelinidsOrder: ArecalesFamily: ArecaceaeSubfamily: CoryphoideaeTribe: CaryoteaeGenus: CaryotaSize: Up to 30 feet tall (9 m) Up to 5 feet in diameter Min. Temperature: 26°F (-3°C)Water Requirements: Regular to abundant waterSun Requirements: Light shadeOrigin: IndonesiaGermination: 1 to 3 months to germinate in warm media, easyLeaf: Bipinnate, 8 to 10 light green leaves, with the characteristic fishtail shape leaflets., up to 9 feet long (2.5 m). Trunk: clustering covered with fibers and remnants of leaf stalks. Underneath, the trung is grey,

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covered with a layer of wax., 4 to 8 inches in diameter (10 to 20 cm). Flower: Cream. Flower stalk coming from among the leaves, 12 inches. Fruit: Dull red to black. 3/4 inches. round. Seed: Dull gray. Round with groves.

Ukuran: Sampai dengan 30 kaki (9 m) Hingga 5 kaki diameterMin. Suhu: 26 ° F (-3 ° C)Air Persyaratan: air teratur untuk berlimpahMing Persyaratan: Light keteduhanAsal: IndonesiaPerkecambahan: 1 sampai 3 bulan untuk tumbuh di media hangat, mudahDaun: Bipinnate, 8-10 daun hijau muda, dengan buntut ikan karakteristik bentuk leaflet., Sampai 9 kaki panjang (2,5 m).Batang: clustering ditutupi dengan serat dan sisa-sisa tangkai daun. Di bawah, Trung adalah abu-abu, tertutup lapisan lilin., 4 sampai 8 inci dalam diameter (10 sampai 20 cm).Bunga: Cream. Tangkai bunga yang berasal dari antara daun, 12 inci.Buah: merah kusam menjadi hitam. 3 / 4 inci. bulat.Biji: kusam abu-abu. Round dengan pepohonan.

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4. nypa fruticansKingdom: Plantae(unranked): Angiosperms(unranked): Monocots(unranked): CommelinidsOrder: ArecalesFamily: ArecaceaeSubfamily: NypoideaeGenus: NypaSteck Species: N. fruticans

Spesies : Nypa fruticans Wurmb. Nama Inggris : Nipa palm, mangrove palm . Nama Indonesia : Nipah Nama Lokal : nipah, buyuk (Jawa), bobo (Maluku). Deskripsi : Palem besar yang menjalar. Daun dalam 3-5 tangkai, tegak bergerombol di ujung, menyirip. Perbungaan soliter, tegak, tumbuh di antara daun, bercabang, berdaun gagang banyak. Buah pelok, tumbuh dari 1 karpel, padat dan bersudut tidak beraturan, piramid, coklat sampai kehitaman, eksokarp halus, mesokarp berserat, endokarp tebal dan terdiri dari unting berserat yang berjalinan. Biji membulat telur lebar, beralur menjauh, endosperma homogenus.

The Nipa palm has a horizontal trunk that grows beneath the ground and only the leaves and flower stalk grow upwards above the surface. Thus, it is an unusual tree, and the leaves can extend up to 9 m (30 ft) in height. The flowers are a globular inflorescence of female flowers at the tip with catkin-like red or yellow male flowers on the lower branches. The flower yields a woody nut, these arranged in a cluster compressed into a ball up to 25 cm (10 in) across on a single stalk. The ripe nuts separate from the ball and are floated away on the tide, occasionally germinating while still water-borne.Telapak Nipa memiliki batang horizontal yang tumbuh di bawah tanah dan hanya daun dan tangkai bunga tumbuh ke atas di atas permukaan. Jadi, itu adalah pohon yang tidak biasa, dan daun dapat memperpanjang hingga 9 m (30 kaki) tingginya. Bunga adalah perbungaan

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berbentuk bulat bunga betina di ujung dengan catkin-seperti bunga jantan merah atau kuning pada cabang-cabang yang lebih rendah. Bunga menghasilkan kacang kayu, ini diatur dalam sebuah cluster dikompresi menjadi bola sampai 25 cm (10 in) di pada satu tangkai. The masak kacang terpisah dari bola dan melayang pergi di pasang, kadang-kadang germinating tetap air.

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