developing systems architecture using qfd

8/9/2019 Developing Systems Architecture Using QFD

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R. Attri Engineering Management Series, Paper No. 4, Nov 2011

Raman K. AttriCertified Project DirectorCertified Quality Director

Certified International Project Manager

Certified Engineering Manager

Certified Product Manager

Certified Six Sigma Green Belt

[email protected]

Nov 2011

Design Managers Training Slides

Copyright 2011 Raman K. Attri



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System architecture design is the process of evaluating,

selecting and creating architecture of a componentbased

system. The objectives of system architecture design are to collect

the users requirement, identify the system specification,

select appropriate system architecture, and determine theimplementation details such as platform, programminglanguages, etc.

System architecture design should address the advantage

for selecting a particular architecture from otherarchitectures.



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Definethesystemonbroaderlevel,workoutits

characteristics. ConvertthosecharacteristicstoFunctionalRequirements Convertfunctionalrequirementsintosubpartthrough

which

those

requirements

will

be

fulfilled. FlowdowntheFrintosubsystemrequirementsanddefine

designparameters



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Customer wants

andRequirements

Relationship and

importance of

Customer

requirements with

CTS (Phenomenon)

Customer

Req

(CTSs)

Phenomenon

How it wi ll be achieved?

Pair

detection

Signal

DetectionFiltering

AD, Kano, Tree,

tech Map

Prioritized CTSs

Prioritized CTQ:

To Next QFD

SYSTEM LEVEL

Product Planning

(Product Characteristics)



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Prioritized

CustomerRequirements

(CTQ) from QFD#1

Relationship of CTQ

with the FunctionalBlocks of the system

Phenomen

on

(CTQs)

functional block needed to

implement the Phenomenon

How it wi ll be achieved?

Signal

Detection

Sensor TipAmplifier

stage

Prioritized CTQs

Prioritized FR

to Next QFD

FUNCTIONAL LEVEL

Filtering

CompetitiveBenchmarking

Functional Structure Diagram

Sub-system solutions

Synthesis of solution

Product Features

Assembly Part Deployment

(technical Characteristics



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Prioritized

FunctionalRequirements

(FRs) from QFD#2

Relationship of

Design Parameterswith FRs

FRs

Design Parameters of

individual functional block

How it individual function

block wi ll be designed?

Sensor Tip

Filter QAmplifier

Gain

Prioritized FRs

Prioritized DPs

to Next QFD

SUB-SYSTEM LEVEL

Amplifier

stage

Interfacing and coupling

Axiomatic Design

DFx

Simulation

Mistake ProofingProduct Features

(Part Characteristics)



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Prioritized criticalDPs from QFD#3

Relationship of

Design Parameterswith process

Variables

DPs

Manufacturing Process

Variables

How individual DP will be

realized through mfring?

Filter Q

stability oscillations

Prioritized DPs

Prioritized DPs

to Next QFD

COMPONENT LEVEL

Amplifier

gain

Behavioral Simulation

Optimization

DOE

Tolerance Design



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Phase I QFD

Phase IIQFD

Product

Specifications

Customer

Wants

(Marketing

Information)

Product

Specifications

Systems / Sub-Systems /

Components

PhaseProgression

System DFMEA

Sub-System DFMEA

Component DFMEA

DFMEA Failure Modes

QFD Phase Progression

InputsBoundary DiagramP-DiagramInterface Matrix

DrawingsWarrantyFMA



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System DFMEA

Sub-System DFMEA

Component DFMEA

ClassificationofCharacteristics

SCs CCs

Process

Operations

Process Related

SCs & CCs

From all DFMEAs

Process FMEA

SCs CCs

Phase IIIQFDPhase IVQFD

Process

Parameters /

Variablesigh Priority ProcessOperations

Causes onPFMEAFailureModes onPFMEA

Causes fromDFMEAs

Control Plan

Key ControlCharacteristics


InputsProcess FlowLine LayoutMFMEA

Failure DataProcessCapability

10987654321

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

S

EVERITY

O C C U R R E N C E

CRITICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Safety/Regulatory

SIGNIFICANTCHARACTERISTICS

Customer Dissatisfaction

ALL OTHER CHARACTERISTICS

Approp riate action s /

controls already in place

Special haracteristics Matrix

ANNOYANCE

ZONE



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System DFMEA

Sub-System DFMEA

Component DFMEA

ClassificationofCharacteristics

SCs CCs

Process

Operations

Process Related

SCs & CCs

From all DFMEAs

Process FMEA

SCs CCs

Phase IIIQFDPhase IVQFD

Process

Parameters /

Variablesigh Priority ProcessOperations

Causes onPFMEAFailureModes onPFMEA

Causes fromDFMEAs

Control Plan

Key ControlCharacteristics


InputsProcess FlowLine LayoutMFMEA

Failure DataProcessCapability

10987654321

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

S

EVERITY

O C C U R R E N C E

CRITICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Safety/Regulatory

SIGNIFICANTCHARACTERISTICS

Customer Dissatisfaction

ALL OTHER CHARACTERISTICS

Approp riate action s /



ANNOYANCE

ZONE



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R. Attri Engineering Management Series, Paper No. 1, Sept 2005R. Attri Engineering Management Series, Paper No. 4, Nov 2011

DetectPrevent

RPN

DET

OCC

SEV

ActionTaken

Action ResultsResponse &

TargetComplete

Date

RecommendedActions

RPN

Detec

Current

Controls

Occur

PotentialCause(s)/

Mechanism(s)Of Failure

Class

Sev

PotentialEffect(s) of

Failure

PotentialFailureMode

Item /ProcessStep

DetectPrevent

RPN

DET

OCC

SEV

ActionTaken

Action ResultsResponse &

TargetComplete

Date

RecommendedActions

RPN

Detec

CurrentDesign

Controls

Occur

PotentialCause(s)/

Mechanism(s)Of Failure

Class

Sev

PotentialEffect(s) of

Failure

PotentialFailureMode

Item /ProcessStep

Function

DFMEA

Requirements Documents

Regulatory

DimensionalCosmetic

Req. Spec. DocumentDrawingsWarranty History

Robustness Tools

Boundary DiagramP-DiagramInterface Matrix

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

S

E

V

E

R

I

T

Y

O C C U R R E N C E

POTENTIAL CRITICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Safety/Regulatory

POTENTIAL

SIGNIFICANT

CHARACTERISTICSCustomer Dissatisfaction


ANOYANCE

ZONEALL OTHER CHARACTERISTICS

Appropr iate act ions /


Cascade Technical

Requirements Into SpecialProduct Characteristics



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Uses systems engineering where management of requirements (based on voice of

customer) drives the process.

Management approach using system performance specifications as opposed to

subsystem, assembly, and process specifications

Ensure customer satisfaction throughout systems life cycle

Tight and controlled integration of system components

Variance of the whole system is a function of the variances of the subsystems

Capability and Performance studies to continually track performance at subsystem and

system level

Robustness of final qualityControlled variation in process steps



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PM is on bigger canvas, organizational level activity

concentrating on resources, people, customers, outputs andmany other variables (may be within or outside projects).

Starts well before Research phase and goes to successfullaunch of product.

DFSS is methodologies to manage purely Design phase toproduce error free designs of the projects till the project iscompleted. DFSS is PDM.



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Thevariousvehicle

conceptsare

compared

by

riskofnotmeetingvehicle

orsystemrequirements TheConceptscome

directlyfrom

the

Vehicle

requirementsphase



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Propertoleranceanalysiscanhelpyouincreaseproduct

qualitywhile

decreasing

manufacturing

costs

and

waste.

Severaltoleranceanalysisoptionstomeetthisgoal:

WorstCaseAnalysis

RootSumSquared(RSS)Method

DynamicRSSMethod

MonteCarloSimulation

TaguchiQualityLossFunction



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MinimizesensitivityofCTQtoprocessparameters Limit

the

variation

of

the

overall

system

performance

variationsofkeysubpartorcomponent.



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AboutAuthor:Author is Global Learning and Training Consultant. He has over 15 years of project management, product

development and quality management experience in leading MNC product development corporations. He hasearned numerous international certification awards Certified Management Consultant (MSI USA/ MRA USA),Certified Six Sigma Green Belt Professional (Six Sigma India), Certified Quality Director (ACI USA), CertifiedEngineering Manager (SME USA), Certified Project Director (IAPPM USA), to name a few. He holds MBA,Executive MBA, Masters in Technology and Bachelor in Technology. In addition to this, he has 60+ educationalqualifications, credentials and certifications in his name. His research and training interests are in learning,

development, performance management, research management and product development.

Email:[email protected]

Website:http://sites.google.com/site/ramankumarattri

LinkedIn:http://www.linkedin.com/in/rkattri/

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