development of an advanced natural gas burner …
TRANSCRIPT
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADVANCED NATURAL GAS BURNER USING THE OXY-FUEL CONCEPT
Prof. Dr. Guenther C. Krieger Filho, Vítor Augusto Andreghetto Bortolin
Dept. Mechanical Engineering
University of São Paulo, Brazil
IV Workshop Interno RCGI
University of São Paulo, Brazil
8 – 9 MARCH DE 2018
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Project
• Project 1- Development of an Advanced Natural Gas Burner using the Oxy-Fuel Concept.
• Support from Project 2 – Advanced Combustion Laboratory.
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
CCS Technology
• CCS: Carbon Capture and Storage.
• Aims to reduce greenhouse emission from fossil fuels.
• Can be used with renewable energy sources, like ethanol, to create a negative carbon energy source.
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Coal
Natural Gas
Oil
Power PlantCarbon Capture
Compression Storage
CCSProject 1
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
CCS Challenges
• In the current state CCS cost are elevate to the electrical sector.
• High storage volume.
• Ensure stable Storage.
• Gas transport to the storage
Facility.
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Oxy-fuel Concept
• Most of the flue gas is composed of nitrogen, due to the high content of this gas in the atmosphere(78%).
• In CCS the costs are proportional to the storage Volume.
• So to minimize the costs the idea is to separate the nitrogen.
• Oxy-fuel separates the air prior to the combustion.– Take advantage of the current lower costs of air separation technology.
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Oxy-fuel Concept
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Power Plant Oxy-Fuel Combustion
OxygenAir
Separation
Fossil Fuel
Water CondensationFlue Gas H2O +CO2
H2O recover
Nitrogen
CO2 recycle CO2 to CCS
Project 1
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Oxy-fuel Challenges
• Combustion take places in an atmosphere of only CO2, H2O and O2 .
• High temperatures in the combustions phase, that can damage the power plant.
• Need of an high dilution.
• However the combustion efficient should be higher and it should take place in almost stoichiometric conditions. Minimizing O2 consumption.
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CombustionInstabilities
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
The Project
• Study the oxy-fuel combustion, aiming to better understand the change in stabilities in such environment.
• Experimental work.
• Evaluate the combustion macroscopically with different oxygen content.
• Gather data useful to the creation and evaluation of models. Which will be useful for real world burner design.
• Proposed burners based on literature but in new configurations:– Yale Burner.
– Cabra Burner.
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Yale Burner
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Yale Burner
• It is a cold coflow burner with a laminar flame.
• Originally used to study soot formation.
• Equipment manufactured by the laboratory members.
• Measured with chemiluminescence in the ranges: 400-440nm, 450-490nm,527-537nm.
• In the range 400-440nm, there is the light emission of the CH* radical.
• Oxygen content of 50%-30%, with LPG and CH4.
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Light Emission
• Laminar Diffusion Flame in Air. Images shown the acquired data in the light range of 400-440nm.
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LPG CH4
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Light Emission
• LPG flame in Oxy-fuel environments wit different oxygen contents.(400-440nm)
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50% O2 40% O2
35% O2 30% O2
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Light Emission
• CH4 flame in Oxy-fuel environments wit different oxygen contents.(400-440nm)
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50% O2 40% O2 35% O2
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Results
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Air Experiments Oxy-Fuel Experiments
LPG CH4
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Results
• Summary of results:– Change in the flame regime with the O2 concentration.
– Flame does not stabilize below 30% O2 for LPG and 35% O2 for methane.
– Oxy-Fuel Flame never reach the same size of that with air with the same light emission.
– Increase in the residual light proportion of the acquired signal.
• Preliminary Conclusion:– The initial guess of a similar combustion is far from truth.
– Change in size and light indicates a low combustion efficiency.
– Possible factors: CO2 greater specific heat, CO2 different diffusion behavior and change in chemicals potentials due to the CO2.
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Cabra Burner
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Cabra Burner
• It is a hot coflow burner with a laminar or turbulent central flame.
• It has higher flow and net power.
• Originally used to study afterburners.
• Equipment manufactured by the laboratory members.
• Future operations with Oxy-fuel.
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Cabra Burner
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Cabra Burner
• Burner was commissioned.
• Stable hot Coflow.
• New gas supply for long operation.
• Measurements on the way.
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RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Next Steps
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• OH* radicals experiments in Yale burner.
• Cabra burner will be test with air.
• Cabra burner with oxy-fuel.
• Chemiluminescence for the Cabra Burner.
RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GAS INNOVATION
Acknowledgment
• All members of the Lete-CRC:
Guenther Carlos Krieger Filho
Bernardo Luiz Harry Diniz Lemos
Rafael da Cruz Berti
Helio Santomo Villanueva
Filipi Martins Fernandes Silva
André Gustavo Costa
Clayton Zabeu
Flavio Galeazo
Fernando Sacomano
José Perreira
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THANK YOU