Development of an Integrated Earth System Model at FRCGC

Taroh MATSUNO

Michio KAWAMIYA

Hisashi SATO

Kengo SUDO

Frontier Research Center for Global Change

(FRCGC)

FRCGC integrated Earth System Model

Kyousei2 Project:Development of an Integrated Earth System Model at

FRCGC

PI: T. Matsuno

M. Aita, A. Abe-Ouchi***, A. Ito, S. Emori, T. Oikawa**, R. Ogaito, M. Kawamiya M. Kishi*,N. Kuba, T. Kohyama*, H. Kondo, H. Sato, Ta. Suzuki, Ts. Suzuki, K. Sudo, T. Segawa, K. Takata, M. Takahashi***, M. Takigawa, K. Tanaka, Y. Tsushima, Y. Yamanaka*, C. Yoshikawa, S. Watanabe (FRCGC)

M. Kimoto, K. Suzuki, T. Nakajima, H. Hasumi (CCSR/Univ. of Tokyo)

T. Nagashima, T. Nozawa (NIES)

T. Takemura (Kushu Univ.)

Double affiliates of FRCGC researchers: *Hokkaido Univ., **Univ. of Tsukuba, ***CCSR/Univ. of Tokyo

Carbon Cycle Component

FRCGC Carbon Cycle Component Models: Terrestrial model

•Sim-CYCLE by Itoh & Oikawa (2002)

•20 PFTs without dynamic vegetation

•5 compartments for each PFT

“DGVMization” of Sim-CYCLE

Individual basis model, which explicitly treat 3D forest-structure within 30m x 30m patches

Foliage : biomass, crown diameter, crown depth Stem : biomass, height, sapwood & heartwood diameter Root : biomass

Individual characteristics

--- Shape of crown and stem are approximated by cylinder

DGVM: Dynamical Global Vegetation Model

-> Incorporation of the effect of biome-shift into Sim-CYCLE

FRCGC Carbon Cycle Component Models: Oceanic model

•4-compartment ecosystem model (Oschlies & Garcon, 1998)

•Treatment of carbonate system as recommended by OCMIP

•MIROC 3.2 Intermediate Resolution Version (no flux adjustment)

“borrowed” from the K-1 project

•Atmosphere:

CCSR/NIES/FRCGC AGCM 5.7

T42L20

Online aerosol

•Ocean:

COCO3.4 (developed by CCSR, Univ. of Tokyo)

(0.5-1.0)°×1.4°, 43 Layers + BBL

Atmosphere-Ocean Coupled Model

Participation in C4MIP

• C4MIP: Coupled Carbon Cycle Climate Model Intercomparison Project– Strongly IPCC-conscious– Participants: Hadley (UK); IPSL (France); MPI

(Germany); LLNL, NCAR, Berkeley, Maryland, GFDL (US); CSIRO (Australia); FRCGC (Japan)

– Our “pacemaker”

Kyousei Integrated Synergetic System Model of the Earth

KISSME!

C4MIP Phase 1 Experiment

• Land-atmosphere coupled run– Do not really focus on climate-carbon cycle

interaction– CO2 as a simple tracer with sources and sinks

at the surface (including land use change)– Results due in Feb. 2005

Leaf Area Index (Jul. 1990)

LAI 　（ Model; Jul. 1990 ）LAI （ NOAA AVHRR; Jul. 1990 ）

0

3.5

7

0

3.5

7

Net Primary Production

NPP （ ISLSCP 17 model ave ）

NPP （ Model; 1990-1999 ave ）

0

5

10

15

0

5

10

15

[MgC/ha/yr] [MgC/ha/yr]

Distribution of CO2 (1990)

DJF JJA

320

340

360

[ppmv]

320

340

360

[ppmv]

320

340

360

[ppmv]

Distribution of CO2 from land ecosystem (1990)

DJF JJA

310

330

[ppmv]

310

330

[ppmv]

Distribution of CO2 from air-sea exchange

DJF JJA

320

325

320

325

C4MIP Phase 2 Experiment

• Experiments with full coupled model including the ocean (like KISSME)

• In parallel with Phase 1• Protocol yet to be firmly established• “Flying leap” experiments can be its prototype.

– 1%/yr increase of CO2 emission– Experiments w/ and w/o interactions between climate

and carbon cycle– Results due to Feb. 2005?

Preliminary results from a “climate of 20th century” run with the full

coupled model

w/ interactions

w/o interactions

Obs.

Air-Sea CO2 Exchange

Obs. Nomalized for 1995(Takahashi, 1999)

Model result for 1980

Intrusion of anthropogenic CO2Obs. (Sabine et al., 2004) Model

Atlantic

Pacific

60S Eq. 60N

60S Eq. 40N

Summary for Carbon Cycle Modeling

• Preliminary results with land-atmosphere and land-atmosphere-ocean coupled models

• Collaboration with the “sister project” K-1-> tune-up of the coupled climate model

• Participation in C4MIP-> Contribution to IPCC AR4

• Fine-tuning of the carbon cycle components is now being carried out --- Stay tuned!