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Journal of Green Engineering (JGE)
Volume-10, Issue-1, January 2020
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model
1M.Pushpavalli and
2N.M.JothiSwaroopan
1
Research Scholar, Department of EEE, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India. E-mail:[email protected] 2
Professor, Department of EEE, RMK Engineering College, Chennai, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
A hybrid connection of clean energy sources like solar and wind energy with
a new novel multi input KY converter is used to extract the input from this
alternative energy sources and delivered to the AC load with the help of
inverter arrangement. This system is analyzed using the simulation model of
hybrid renewable energy sources, 1.under open loop condition 2.under
transient conditions 3.under closed loop condition. The closed loop system
used to maintain constant and quality power with the support of the
Proportional Integral (PI) controller. The steady state error and time response
parameters are taken into basis for the analysis of controller. The entire
system gives the constant output on the load side if any one of the renewable
energy is disconnected.
Keywords: Multi input KY converter, Hybrid renewable energy, PI
controller, Simulation model, closed loop system.
Journal of Green Engineering, Vol. 10_1, 238–254. Alpha Publishers
This is an Open Access publication. © 2020 the Author(s). All rights reserved
239 M.Pushpavalli et al
1 Introduction
The researchers are focusing now on Renewable energy development
due to the lack of fossil fuels and avoid carbon emission. Ministry of new
and renewable energy announced that non conventional scope by 2022 to go
beyond 175 GW target. But the biggest challenges facing on renewable
energy developments are energy efficient, quality power, uninterrupted
power, steady state performance under transient conditions [1, 2,14].
Another important challenge is choosing the DC-DC converters for this
hybrid system. The various DC-DC converters like buck,boost,
Luo,Sepic,Zeta and KY converters are available. Among that KY converters
are concluded and suitable for low power applications[3,13]. KY
converters used along with soft switching technique can be suitable for high
power utilizations [4].In PhotoVoltaic(PV) arrays,Maximum Power Point
Tracking (MPPT) methods are used to optimize the outpower of the PV
array which rely on solar temperature and irradiance. Because of its simple
implementation,the Perturb and Observation (P&O) MPPT method is
mostly used. An improved current reference technique is used to operate the
PV array method is adopted [5,19].The next important criterion in choosing
a suitable controller for the hybrid system. FLC primarily based Effective
Energy Management Controller to screen the power from all assets and load
demand constantly and to manipulate the entire hybrid energy device. FLC
makes the correct selection of choosing the resources [6,20]. This work
addressed variable speed wind farm designed for dynamic studies with
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(PMSG) wind turbines.PMSG
proved completely highly reliable in both stable and transient
conditions[7].Hybrid the renewable energy source is the most important
challenge.The factors influence the hybridizations are a type of
integration,size of the unit,technology,storage unit ,controlling
techniques,energy management and loading arrangement[8,12].
The Expert and researchers are planning to operate the smart grid using
renewable energy which can do a reliable operation. In future renewable
energy can give 80% energy with all available technologies using major
resources like wind and solar[17,18]. It creates an inconsequential volume
of carbon dioxide, and its use cutdown the rapidness of global warming.
Renewable energy applications include household, commercial, industry
and powering agriculture. The most important challenge is storing
energy.So the researchers are focusing on batteries, converters, inverters and
control techniques for suitable applications. This work mainly focuses the
multi input KY converter used for solar wind hybrid system,prototype and
simulation also developed[15,16].
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model 240
2 System Description
Fig.1 Proposed multi input KY converter to hybrid energy
Fig 1 demonstrates the suggested multi input KY boost converter
connected to solarand wind hybrid systems. The KY converter connected
with the conventional synchronous rectified boostconverter [9]. This multi
input KY boost converter exists of four mosfets S1, S2, S3 and S4 D-diode ,
Lo-output inductor, C1-buffer capacitor and Co-output capacitor. Two
sources ,solar (V1) and wind (V2) connected through two input inductances
L1 and L2.V1 is the solar energy input and V2 is the wind energy
source.KY converter converts into DC voltage and maintains the DC bus
voltage. Three phase inverter converters into three phase ac voltage
maintain the frequency of 50 HZ.V1=50 V,V2=48V,Ky boost converter
output voltage is 320.
volt.
(1)
Vo=320 Volt.,Duty cycle=0.55.Switching frequency is
5KHZ,C1=47µF,L1=L2=1 mH,L=12 µH,Co=3200 µF.
241 M.Pushpavalli et al
.
2.1 Openloop System of Multi Input KY Boost Converter Hybrid
Connection
Figure 2 shows the open loop system of multi input KY converter
consists of muti input KY onverter,battery, Voltage source inverter
connected to R-load. Figure 3 Shows The 50 DC Voltage from the PV
(Photo Voltaic) Cell.This Solar Cell maintains constant irradiance and
temperature. Figure 4 Shows The 50 AC Voltage From Wind.It Is
Implemented With Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine(Pmsm) with
constant Pitch Angle snd Wind Speed.Using Diode Rectifier Converts 50
Volt AC Voltage into 48 Volt DC Source. Figure 5 exhibits the Pulse
applied to Multi input KY Boost converter S1 and S2.In Mode 1 Mosfets 1
and 4 are Turned ON and Mode 2 Mosfets 2 and 3 Turned ON by giving
Trigger Pulse. Figure 6 Shows Voltage across Ky-Boost Converter is 320v.
The Voltage Maintained across DC Bus Bar is Constant.
Fig.2. Simulation diagram of multi input KY boost converter with Voltage source
inverter R-load
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model 242
Fig.3. Voltage Across PV
Fig.4 Voltage across Wind
Fig.5. Pulse applied to Mosfets 1 &2.
243 M.Pushpavalli et al
Fig.6 DC Bus voltage
.
Fig.7. 3 Φ Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Figure 7 Shows 3 Φ VSI Converts 320 Volt DC Voltage into Three
Phase AC Voltage. The Voltage Obtained Using 120 Mode
Conduction.The Trigerring Pulse Given To M1,M3,M5 Inverter Shown in
Fig 8.
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model 244
Fig.8 Triggering Pulse of Inverter M1, M3, M5
Fig.9. Voltage across resistive (R) load
Peak amplitude of phase voltage
Vp=
(2)
Line voltage
Vab= √ (3)
245 M.Pushpavalli et al
DC bus bar voltage Vdc=320 volt,Phase voltage Vp=176 volt,line
voltage=305V
Rms value of per phase load current.Resistance of the load R=50Ω.
√
(4)
Irms=2.61 Amps,Line current Iab=4.5 Amps
Figure 10 shows the line current through resistive load .
Fig.10. Current through Resistive(R) load
Fig.11. Output Power
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model 246
Figure 11 shows the output.per phase power delivered to load
Po= (5)
Where Po=874 watts
Table-1 Openloop system output voltage, output current & output power
Parameter Vin Vo Io Po(RMS)
KY-Boost
Converter
98V 320V 4.5A 874W
3 Disturbance Applied to Openloop System of Multi Input
KY Converter Hybrid System
Fig.12. Voltage across PV
247 M.Pushpavalli et al
Fig.13. Voltage across wind
Small disturbances applied at 0.3 seconds.solar irradiance and wind
speed are varied. Figure 12 and 13 show the voltage across PV and wind.It
is observed that variation occurs in 0.3 seconds.
Fig.14. Voltage across KY-Boost Converter
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model 248
Fig.15. Voltage across R-Load
Fig.16. Current through resistive (R) load
Fig.17. Output Power
249 M.Pushpavalli et al
Figure 14,15,16 and 17 shows the voltage across KY boost
converter,three phase inverter line voltage across R load,phase inverter line
current across R load and output power.Due to transient condition in input
sources at 0.3 seconds variations occur in the output waveforms.To get a
stable and steady output in transient conditions ,the controller is necessary.
4 CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM
Closed loop system analyzed using PI controller. The controlled signal
from the controller fed to the pwm generator [10][11].The performance
metrics for this controllers are taken into account is time domain
parameters.
4.1 Multi Input KY Converter Hybrid System Using PI Controller
Fig.18.Simulation Diagram of Closed Loop PI Controller
The simulation diagram in figure 18 shows the closed loop system
using PI controller. The proportional gain value kp=0.018 and integral gain
value ki =3 are determined using Ziegler nichols method.
(6)
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model 250
The present voltage and reference voltage (325 V) are compared and fed
to an error detector. The error signal applied to pi controller. It generates
control action to make zero error.
Fig.19. Voltage across KY Boost Converter
Fig.20.Voltage across R-Load
Fig.21. Output Power
Figure 19, 20 and 21 shows the voltage across ky boost converter,three
phase inverter line voltage across R load and output power obtained using pi
controller.the disturbance applied at 0.3 seconds .the voltage
increased,decreased and finally settled.The time domain values are
tabulated in Table 2.
251 M.Pushpavalli et al
Table-2 Comparison of Time Domain Parameters (Vref = 325V)
Controller Tr(s) Ts(s) Tp(s) Ess(v)
PI 0.35 1.00 0.38 2.4
Analyzing time domain parameter for Closedloop system of multi input
KY converter, hybrid is used PI controller. From the investigation, (Ts)
Settling time, (Tr) Rise time, (Tp) Peak time and (ESS) Steady State Error
get reduced using PI.
5 Conclusion
In this paper, a hybrid connection of a PMSG, solar array and battery
works together to give the uninterrupted supply to the stand alone system.
An usual control approach for strength control amongst different strength wit
h multi input source is tested. Multi input KY boost converter maintains the
constant DC bus voltage irrespective of the available sources. Hybrid
combination tested under open loop, transient and closed loop methods.
Under the dynamic conditions PI controller analyzed. The steady state error
and time response parameter gives the better results for closed loop.
Declaration of Conflicting Interests
The authors claimed that there were no secret conflicts of interest about
this article's study, authorship publication.
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Biographies
M.Pushpavalli is a research scholar in department of Electrical &
Electronics Engineering, Sathyabama Insititute of Science & Techinology.
She is presently working as an assistant professor in the School of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering, Sathyabama Insititute of Science &
Techinology. She has a total teaching experience of 15 years. Her research
interests include Power electronics,Renewable Energy and Converters. She
Development of Wind-Solar Hybrid System using Multi Input KY Boost Converter
Results from the Simulation Model 254
has received the B. E-EEE (I class Distinction) in the year 2000 from
Manonmaniam Sundranar University. She has received M.E – Power
Electronics and Industrial drives (I class Exemplary) in the year 2013 from
Sathyabama University Chennai.
DR N.M. Jothi Swaroopan is a research supervisor in Department of EEE ,
Sathyabama Insititute of Science & Techinology. He is currently working as
PROFESSOR in Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, RMK
Engineering College. With more than 24 years of collective experience in
teaching . He received the B.E (1997) in Electrical and Electronics
Engineering from Manonmaniam Sundranar University .He completed his
M.E.(2005) and Ph.D.(2011) in Power System at the College of Engineering,
Anna University.