ECONOMICS

PROJECTSession :- 2015-2016

UT - 2

Topic :- Diagrammatic presentation

of data :BAR DIAGRAMS

& PIE DIAGRAMS

Data may be presented in a simple &attractive manner in the form of diagrams.

TYPES OF DIAGRAMATIC PRESENTATION

1.Geometric form ---Bar Diagrams ---Pie Diagrams

2.Frequency Diagrams ---Histogram ---Polygon ---Ogive

3.Arithmetic Line Graph or Time Series Graphs

BAR DIAGRAMS :- Bar diagrams are those diagrams in

which data are presented in the form of bars or rectangle. Bars are also called columns.

BARS & ITS FEATURE :-1. Length may be more or less but the breadth

of the bars remains the same.2. Bars may either vertical or horizontal.3. Bars are equiistant from each other.4. All bars are based on some common base

line.5. Bar idagrams should be presented to form

bars of the ascending or descending order.6. Bars may be coloured to make it attrective.

Types of bar diagrams :-I. Simple bar diagrams : These are those bar

diagrams which are based on a single set of numerical data. The different items or values are represented by different bars.

II. Multiple bar diagrams : These are those bar

diagrams which show two or more sets of data simultaneously. These are used to make comparison between two sets of series.

III. Sub-divided bar diagrams /differential bar diagrams:

These are those bar diagrams which simultaneously present , total values s well as part values of a set of data.

V. DEVIATION BAR DIAGRAMS : These are

used to compare the net deviation of related variables with respect to time & location. Bars representing positive & negative deviations are drawn above & below the base line.

IV. Percentage bar diagrams: These are

those diagrams which show simultaneously , different parts of the values of a set of data in terms of percentages.

PIE / CIRCULAR DIAAGRAMS :- Pie diagram is a circle divided into

various segments showing the percent values of a series.

This diagram does not show absolute values.

1. ANUSHA GUPTA2. SHIWANI KUMARI3. BULBUL 4. PALLAVI5. ARADHANA

Made by :-

XI – ‘C’