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ECONOMICS
PROJECTSession :- 2015-2016
UT - 2
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Topic :- Diagrammatic presentation
of data :BAR DIAGRAMS
& PIE DIAGRAMS
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Data may be presented in a simple &attractive manner in the form of diagrams.
TYPES OF DIAGRAMATIC PRESENTATION
1.Geometric form ---Bar Diagrams ---Pie Diagrams
2.Frequency Diagrams ---Histogram ---Polygon ---Ogive
3.Arithmetic Line Graph or Time Series Graphs
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BAR DIAGRAMS :- Bar diagrams are those diagrams in
which data are presented in the form of bars or rectangle. Bars are also called columns.
BARS & ITS FEATURE :-1. Length may be more or less but the breadth
of the bars remains the same.2. Bars may either vertical or horizontal.3. Bars are equiistant from each other.4. All bars are based on some common base
line.5. Bar idagrams should be presented to form
bars of the ascending or descending order.6. Bars may be coloured to make it attrective.
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Types of bar diagrams :-I. Simple bar diagrams : These are those bar
diagrams which are based on a single set of numerical data. The different items or values are represented by different bars.
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II. Multiple bar diagrams : These are those bar
diagrams which show two or more sets of data simultaneously. These are used to make comparison between two sets of series.
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III. Sub-divided bar diagrams /differential bar diagrams:
These are those bar diagrams which simultaneously present , total values s well as part values of a set of data.
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V. DEVIATION BAR DIAGRAMS : These are
used to compare the net deviation of related variables with respect to time & location. Bars representing positive & negative deviations are drawn above & below the base line.
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IV. Percentage bar diagrams: These are
those diagrams which show simultaneously , different parts of the values of a set of data in terms of percentages.
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PIE / CIRCULAR DIAAGRAMS :- Pie diagram is a circle divided into
various segments showing the percent values of a series.
This diagram does not show absolute values.
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1. ANUSHA GUPTA2. SHIWANI KUMARI3. BULBUL 4. PALLAVI5. ARADHANA
Made by :-
XI – ‘C’