Jessica MillsChem 311Diet Plan5-23-13

1. An 80-year-old male has Dysphagia, duodonectomy, and motility issues of the Small Intestine, Cardiovascular Disease, and a removed Gall bladder. Depending on the type of Dysphagia he has, either Oropharyngeal or

Esophageal, and whether it is phase 1,2, or 3, will depend on what consistency of food he should intake and the method of eating habits. Let’s say that he has level 2 Dysphagia that is mild-moderate where food should be mechanically altered and easily form a bolus. His diet should include soft fruits, pureed drinks just as smoothies or juice, and mushed down carbohydrates. Appropriate foods include applesauce, oatmeal, yogurt, mashed potatoes, blended drinks, etc.

Motility issues of the Small Intestine is a problem because this is were main digestion occurs. An increase in fiber could help largely improve its motility especially with ingestion of insoluble fibers, which increase fecal weight and promote rapid passage of wastes through large intestine. Insoluble fiber includes whole wheat, whole grains, veggies, and wheat bran. The recommended amount of fiber in a daily diet is 24-35 grams. This man should be getting 35 grams per day consistently to aid in motility.

Since this man has cardiovascular disease, he should be limiting his intake of trans fats, saturated fats, cholesterol, and sodium. Foods high in these can increase hypertension and arthrosclerosis creating a more chronic case of CVD. He should not exceed 300 mg of cholesterol, 2400 mg of sodium, and 20 g of saturated fatty acids per day. This should be closely monitored.

Having his Gall bladder removed alters his sequence of digestion. The Gall bladder secretes bile into the Small Intestine. These bile acids emulsify fats so that they can be properly transported through the small intestine and the blood stream. Thus, he has a harder time digesting fats and should digest them in small amounts and not exceed the RDA.

A mock outline for a day is as follows: o Breakfast-Mushed whole grain cereal, milk, strawberry smoothieo Lunch-Black bean soup, sweet potatoes mushed, sliced pear, whole

wheat soft rollo Dinner-Soft fish filet, mushed brown rice, peas, cranberry juice

2. A female between the age of 40 and mid 50’s who is menopausal, with prediabetes, and has had a lap band procedure.

If the woman is going through Menopause than her estrogen levels are low. Estrogen inhibits bone resorption and aids in osteoblastic activity that helps build up bones. If estrogen levels are lower than normal than she should consume more calcium and definitely get the

recommended amount of 1000 mg per day for woman in the age range of 19-50. This can be obtained through dairy products like cheese, yogurts, milk, or green leafy vegetables, flax seeds, almonds, and tofu.

Since she has prediabetes her glucose levels are higher than normal. This can lead to diabetes, which makes insulin cells to becoming resistant. A normal glucose level is less than or equal to 100 mg/dl. Prediabetes level is 100-125 mg/dl. Diabetes falls into the range of greater or equal or 126 mg/dl. Replacing simple sugars like white bread, pastas, and chips with complex carbohydrates such as veggies, rice, and whole grains can control this. Decreasing saturated fats will also help.

Having the Lap Band procedure is having an adjustable gastric band placed around the top portion of the stomach, intended to treat obesity by slowing the consumption of food and the amount of food that can be consumed. This woman’s meals thus will have to be in smaller portions, with frequent meals throughout the day

3. A diet plan for myself heading into the summer will be different than my diet plan for the spring semester. I am currently 5’6, 128 lbs., and suffer from acid reflux and GHERD, and a hiatal hernia.

I managed to lose some body fat and maintained a stable weight. My goal is to continue a low fat diet and increase my protein intake. I would like to increase my tone and lean muscle mass with my continuation of weight training and aerobic exercise. My caloric goal is 2000 calories per day, because currently I am well under that.

I currently drink a nutriblast at least four times a week, which is a pureed blend of vegetables, fruits, and some type of protein either in powdered formula, almonds, or flax seed. I would like to increase this, to having one every day.

Now that I have lost some body fat I would like to increase my muscle mass. I need to make sure that at least 20-30% of my calories are protein derived. In order to avoid protein sparing I need to make sure I include carbohydrates and fats when I take in my protein.

It’s very important to me to stay hydrated so my goal to drink a gallon of water every day which is higher than the recommended amount of 2-3 liters per day. I am also going to substitute the majority of my coffee intake with tea. Not only does coffee dehydrate you because of its high levels of caffeine it is also acidic which bothers my acid reflux.

Along with these altercations, I am aiming to limit my intake of cholesterol, sodium, alcohol, and processed food consumption. I really enjoy French fries so my goal is to only indulge in them twice every month, because I need to sustain my sanity. With these goals in mind, I am looking forward to a happy and healthy summer!