direct and indirect speech
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DELL YOUTH LEARNING
Dell Youth Learning
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Meaning
In English language, there are two ways of conveying what someone else has said: direct/quoted speech and indirect/reported speech.
Direct or quoted speech is a sentence (or several sentences) that reports speech or thought in its original form, as phrased by the
original speaker. It is usually enclosed in quotation marks.
Indirect/reported speech, on the other hand, does not have to be within quotes or reported word-to-word. In fact, unless one is
relaying the exact words spoken, one should never use quotation marks.
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Definition
Direct or quoted speech is a sentence (or several sentences) that reports speech or thought in its original form, as phrased by the original speaker. It is usually enclosed in quotation marks.
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DefinitionIndirect speech, also called reported speech or indirect discourse, is a means of expressing the content of statements, questions or other utterances, without quoting them explicitly as is done in direct speech.
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Reporting speech:
There are two ways of reporting what somebody says:
•Direct speech
• Indirect (or reported) speech.
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Here are some examples for Direct Speech :
She said, “I won’t be coming home tonight”
Note that in this type of speech, a comma is most often used before starting the exact quote within the inverter
commas.
Direct/Quoted Speech
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Here are some examples for Indirect/reported speech:
She told us that she wouldn’t be coming home that night.
The verb tense necessarily changes in reported speech. This is because when we report speech, we are talking, about something that was said in the past.
Indirect/Reported speech
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When using direct speech in your writing you need to use the correct punctuation.
• The exact words spoken must be enclosed in speech marks.
• The first word of the speech must begin with a capital letter.
• The words in the speech marks must be separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma.
• You must use a new line when a new speaker begins to speak.
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ExerciseTense Direct Speech
present simple I like ice cream� �present continuous I am living in London� �past simple I bought a car� �past continuous I was walking along the street� �present perfect I haven't seen Julie� �past perfect* I had taken English lessons before� �will I'll see you later� �would* I would help, but..� �can I can speak perfect English� �could* I could swim when I was four� �shall I shall come later� �should* I should call my mother� �might* "I might be late"must "I must study at the weekend"
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ExerciseTense Reported Speech
present simple She said (that) she liked ice cream.present continuous She said she was living in London.
past simple She said she had bought a car OR She said she bought a car.
past continuous She said she had been walking along the street.present perfect She said she hadn't seen Julie.past perfect* She said she had taken English lessons before.will She said she would see me later.would* She said she would help but...can She said she could speak perfect English.could* She said she could swim when she was four.shall She said she would come later.should* She said she should call her mothermight* She said she might be late
must She said she must study at the weekend OR She said she had to study at the weekend
