direct speech subjectreporting verbdirect speech hesaid,“drink milk” “don’t drink coffee”...
TRANSCRIPT
DIRECT SPEECH
SUBJECT REPORTING VERB
DIRECT SPEECH
He said, “Drink milk”“Don’t drink coffee”
INDIRECT SPEECH
SUBJECT REPORTING VERB
NOUN / PRONOUN
INDIRECT SPEECH
He toldsaid
her to drink milkNot to drink milk
GRAMMAR EXPLANATION
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
1.How to do?
States the exact words.
Without using the exact words.
2. in writing Quotation mark. No quotation marks.
3. Say or tell = simple past tense
√“Drink warm milk.” he said
√He told her to drink warm milk.He said to drink warm milk.
4. Negative Infinitive (not + infinitive
“ Don’t go.” He told her not to go.
GRAMMAR EXPLANATION
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
5. Indirect speech imperatives use the infinitive the report:
A. Instruction
“Come early.” he said
He said to come early.
B. Commands
“Wait” he told me to wait.
C. Requests “Could you please arrive by 8:00?”
She asked him to arrive by 8:00.
D. Invitations
“Could you join us for lunch?”
She invited me to join them for lunch.
GRAMMAR EXPLANA-TION
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
6. Make the changes to keep the speaker’s original meaning
A. Change pronouns and possessives
He said to Ann, “Tell me your phone number”
He told Ann to tell him her phone number.
B. Change time phrases.
“Call me tomorrow.”
She said to call her the next day.
C. Change this and there.
“Sign this from here”
She told him to sign that from there.
DIRECT SPEECH
SUBJECT (S) REPORTING VERB (RV)
DIRECT SPEECH
She said, “I like the dress.”“I bough it on sale”“I’ve worn it twice.”
INDIRECT SPEECH
S RV NOUN / PRONOUN
INDIRECT SPEECH
She
told
said
Jimme (that)
She liked the dress.She had bought it on sale.She had worn it twice.
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
Simple presentHe said, “It’s great.”
Simple pastHe said it was great.
Present progressive“I’m leaving.”
Past progressiveShe said that she was
leaving.
Simple past“I made it.”
Past perfectHe said that he had made
it.”
Present perfectHe said to her, “I’ve never
lied.”
Past perfectHe told her that he had
never lied.
DIRECT SPEECH
SUBJECT (S) REPORTING VERB (RV)
DIRECT SPEECH
He asked, “Do you have any experience?”“Can you use computer?”
INDIRECT SPEECH
S RV NOUN / PRONOUN
INDIRECT SPEECH
He asked
Jimme
ifwhether
He had any experience.I could use computer.
DIRECT SPEECH
SUBJECT (S)
REPORTING VERB (RV)
DIRECT SPEECH
He asked, “Who told you about the job?”“When do you want to start?”INDIRECT SPEECH
S RV NOUN / PRONOUN
INDIRECT SPEECH
He asked Jimme
who had told him about the job.when I wanted to start.