fossil.energybrain-c-jcoal.info/ccd2012/day2_panelist1.pdf · director office of clean energy...
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Darren J. MollotDirector Office of Clean Energy SystemDirector, Office of Clean Energy System
FOSSIL.ENERGY.GOVFOSSIL.ENERGY.GOV
“This country needs an all-out, all-of-the-above strategy that develops
every available source of American y fenergy. A strategy that’s cleaner, cheaper,
and full of new jobs.”
President Barack ObamaState of the Union Address
Photo courtesy of the White House, Pete Souza
January 24, 2012
FOSSIL.ENERGY.GOV
Then Now
P di Oil @ Hi h Hi hNo carbon legislation
Oil @ $100/bbl
Low cost natural gas from shale
CO2 capture costs must be driven
to business
Pending carbon
legislation
Oil @ $50 - $60 per barrel
High natural
gas prices
High cost of CO2
capture
Pending carbon
legislation
Oil @ $50 - $60 per barrel
High natural
gas prices
High cost of CO2
capture
No carbon legislation
Oil @ $100/bbl
Low cost natural gas from shale
CO2capture
costs must be driven
to business to business case
economics
CC S i b i d i h CO d
case economics
CCUS is a business-driven path to promote CO2 capture and storage
Strong incentive to pursue carbon capture and storage
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Benefits of CO EORBenefits of CO2-EOR• Improves Balance of Trade
$3.5 trillion over 60 yearsDomestic Oil Supplies and CO2 Demand (Storage)
Volumes enabled by CCUS Technology
• Promotes Energy SecurityReduces imports by 2 MMbpd1
• Increases Domestic Activity 3.5
4.0
er D
ay
Goal for reduced crude oil imports set forth by President Obama
$60 Billion/year (wages, royalties, taxes, profits)1
• Creates Jobs622 000 j b 1
2.5
3.0
usan
ds o
f Bar
rels
p
Potential for next generation CO2 EOR, 60 Bbbls over 60 years due to CO2 availability from CCUS and 1
CO2 EOR production trend
622,000 new jobs1
1 Source : NETL Report, “Improving Domestic Energy Security and Lowering CO2 Emissions with
1.5
2.0
oduc
tion
Rat
e, T
ho
Business-as-usual projection for
2 yexpanded geographic locations
0 10.20.3
0.40.5
0.60.70.8
0.9
Mill
ion
bpd
2
“Next Generation” CO2 EOR,” June 2011
0.5
1.0
CO2
EOR
Pro Business as usual projection for
CO2 EOR, 17 Bbbls over 60 years;limited by available CO2
volumes and limited geographic locations
0
0.1
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
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-
1980 2000 2020 2040
60
50
mtC
O2/
yr 49
30
40 Doe Canyon
Jackson Dome
Sheep MountainRate
, MM
m
25
7
20
Sheep Mountain
Bravo Dome
McElmo Domeoduc
tion
R 25
90
10McElmo Dome
Pr
1
2
3
45
6
82000 2010
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Source: DiPietro, Balash, and Wallace. 2012
Hydrogen Energy CaliforniaIGCC with EOR
$408 Million - DOE$4 0 Billion - Total$4.0 Billion Total
Southern Company ServicesIGCC-Transport Gasifier
(CO2 to pipeline)$270 Million - DOE$2.67 Billion - Total
CCPI Round II
Summit Texas Clean EnergyIGCC with EOR
$450 Million - DOE$1.7 Billion - Total
CCPI Round III
ICCS (Area I)NRG EnergyPost Combustion with CO2
LeucadiaCO C t f M th lCapture and EOR
$167 Million – DOE$339 Million - Total
Air ProductsCO2 Capture from Steam
Methane Reformers with EOR$284 Million - DOE $431 Million - Total
CO2 Capture from Methanol with EOR
$261 Million - DOE $436 Million - Total
CO2 Pipelines
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$431 Million - Total
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RCSP Formation Type10
12
Big Sky Saline
MGSC Oil-bearing Saline Coal seam
2
5
6
43
1
1
BSCSPBSCSP
WESTCARBWESTCARB
PCORPCORMGSCMGSC MRCSPMRCSP
12
7
9
5
Coal seam
MRCSP Saline Oil-bearing
PCOR Oil-bearing
6
9
811
11
7
10
1
SWPSWP SECARBSECARB18
16
15526
Coal seam
SECARB Oil-bearing Saline Coal seam
12
14
1615
420
83
1317
19
14 SWP Oil-bearing Coal seam
WESTCARB Saline
19
20
13 17 18
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Fossil Energy’s CCS Program can effectively proceed, bridging the mid-term, by Using CO2
Matrix of Market and Policy Scenarios
EOR Revenues Needed commercially (CCUS)
The commercial opportunity for anthropogenic CO2, used for EOR, is expanding rapidly, offering i ifi t ll l it f tt i i th
for Coal to Compete?
t ? 2nd-Gen CCUS
Yes No
significant, parallel capacity for attaining the President’s Energy Security Goal
CO2 EOR revenues in the range of $32-46/tonnewill enable 2nd-Gen coal with CCUS to have COEn-
Base
d Co
sn
Emis
sion
s? 2 Gen CCUSneeds 20% COE reduction and ~$40/tonneCO2 revenue
No
will enable 2 Gen coal with CCUS to have COE parity with NGCC without CCUS.
For all scenarios, 2nd-Gen coal with CCUS has a lower COE than NGCC with CCUS at any given CO2
Regu
lati
onfo
r Car
bon
Transformational CCS needs 38% COE reduction
and no CO2
revenue
Yes
2
EOR price.
COE reductions are required to compete with other baseload options in the future electricity market (e.g., NGCC and nuclear). Percent
reductions are relative to today’s IGCC with CCS.
revenue
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y
Supplement existing oil and gas Supplement existing oil and gas next generation EOR projects
Continue next generation EOR R&D d l i diR&D and new geologic discovery
Initiate CO2 EOR class-based demonstration
Investigate CO2 conversion to other value-added products
A l t th t 2nd ti Accelerate path to 2nd generation CO2 capture technology
CCUS commercialization post-2020
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TheThe TheTheOO
The Environment The Environment
EnvironmentEnvironment EconomyEconomyOrOrAND AND The EconomyThe EconomyThe EconomyThe Economy
The Power of AND The Power of AND –– notnot OrOr
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RITERITEDOE’s Office of Fossil Energy (FE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and Japan’s Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) signed a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) in May 2012 to test and jointly develop new carbon dioxide (CO2) sorbents. Have also partnered with 2SECARB for microseismicity
JCOALJCOAL NETL and Japan Coal Energy Center (JCOAL) are developing a CRADA to research oxy-fuel topics including chemical looping combustion and high-temperature materials corrosion issues.
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CSLFCSLF Japan and the US and are members of the CSLF, an international initiative to develop affordable CCUS technologies. Japan and US jointly involved in three recognized projects: IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and Storage Project, and the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships Project.
I2CNERI2CNERInternational Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research is working with the
DOE and other organizations and governments in an effort to: Characterize reservoir seal properties and the condition of supercritical CO2p p p 2
and displaced brine through understanding the integrated geochemical/geomechanical processes that result from CO2 injection
Develop models with predictive capabilities of site integrity over extended i d f tiperiods of time.
Provide the public with sound scientific data on CCS
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Hot Compressed Air Syngas Optimization
RTI Warm Gas Cleaning
Oxygen Raw FuelGas
APCI Oxygen Membrane25% O2 plant capital cost reduction
gin combination with
H2 Membrane 2.6 % pt efficiency increase
12% COE d
Hydrogen Rich
S
Clean Fuel Gas
Feed Systems
2 p p 2% decrease in COE 12% COE decrease
CO
Stream
Feedstock
Feed Systems
PWR Coal Feed Pump
Water Gas Shift Steam reduction
CO2
Gasifier Optimization & Plant Supporting Systems
PWR Coal Feed Pump 1.0% COE reduction
Improve RAM Refractory durability Slag model development Reduce syngas cooler fouling
Conditions monitoring Dynamic simulator CFD gasifier modeling
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y g g g g
Awarded 4 Projects (FY2011) – 1 year scoping studies– GE Dry Feed Pump– CO2 Slurry Feed (Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.)– CO2 Capture Integrated with Water Gas Shift (TDA Research; testing 2
partner NCCC)– Sour PSA to Remove CO2 and Sulfur (Air Products and Chemicals,
Inc.; testing partner EERC); g p )
Systems Analyses (ongoing)– Cost and Performance Baseline for TRIG™
PRB and ND Lignite Air Blown IGCC Texas Lignite Air and Oxygen Blown IGCC; Co-feeding of biomass
to meet 90% equivalent CCUSq– Dry feed gasifier systems: GE (PRB), Shell (high pressure), PWR and
Optimization (quench syngas cooler)
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Awarded 4 Projects (FY2011) – 1 year scoping studies– GE Dry Feed Pump– CO2 Slurry Feed (Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.)– CO2 Capture Integrated with Water Gas Shift (TDA Research; testing 2
partner NCCC)– Sour PSA to Remove CO2 and Sulfur (Air Products and Chemicals,
Inc.; testing partner EERC); g p )
Systems Analyses (ongoing)– Cost and Performance Baseline for TRIG™
PRB and ND Lignite Air Blown IGCC Texas Lignite Air and Oxygen Blown IGCC; Co-feeding of biomass
to meet 90% equivalent CCUSq– Dry feed gasifier systems: GE (PRB), Shell (high pressure), PWR and
Optimization (quench syngas cooler)
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Advance fundamental science to enable the technological breakthroughs that will facilitate the
transition to a hydrogen-powered society with efficienttransition to a hydrogen powered society with efficient CO2 capture and storage or its conversion to a useful
product
CO2 Separation and CO2 Separation and
Energy Analysis
Optimum and Intelligent
Hydrogen ProductionHydrogen Production
Hydrogen Storage Materials
Hydrogen Storage Materials
2 pConcentration2 pConcentration
ThermophysicalProperties H CO
ThermophysicalProperties H CO
Optimum and Intelligent Material Transformations
H2
Properties — H2, CO2Properties — H2, CO2
Sub-seabed CO SequestrationSub-seabed CO Sequestration
Next Generation Fuel Cells
Next Generation Fuel Cells
Hydrogen-Compatible Structural Materials
FOSSIL.ENERGY.GOVCO2 Geological StorageCO2 Geological StorageCO2 PlumeCO2 Plume
Sub-seabed CO2 SequestrationSub-seabed CO2 Sequestration
Negotiated a large network of US, European and Asian affiliateEuropean, and Asian affiliate faculty in first year
New research environment through “chalk-talk” engagement,through chalk talk engagement, videoconferencing, etc.
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Coordination with U.S. DOE's Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
R dbl kRoadblocks-Poorly understood chemomechanical interactions of CO2 with fluids, e.g. brine, and porous and fractured rock in relation to the frame of actual deployment
T Y i K Ch i K Shi hip y
- containment of supercritical CO2, capillary trapping, and dissolution in reservoir brine-Relationship of actual field data and statistical approaches to reservoir property model inputs
T. Yanagi K.Christensen K. Shitashima
Goals
p p y p
• Laboratory interrogation of fluid motion within complex-Characterize reservoir seal properties and the condition of supercritical
T. Tsuji K. Kitamura
within complex pore structures typically inaccessible to monitoring
p p pCO2 and displaced brine through understanding the integrated geochemical/geomechanical processes that result from CO2 injection -Develop models with predictive capabilities of site integrity over extended periods of time.
Technical approach
• Experiments will provide data on CO2migration and trapping in
p-Provide the public with sound scientific data on CCS
-Geology of Japan and time scales involved will feed back to define basic research
requirements-Constitutive models for chemistry and fracture of porous rock will be developed to capture the coupling between CO2 reaction, transport, and mechanics in order to
pp gporous structures to aid numerical simulations
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p p g 2 , p ,inform models with predictive capabilities of site integrity-Develop monitoring system of CO2 concentration and pH in the deep ocean/ground
Underwater Vehicle for Virtual Mooring