DO NOW

• Turn in lab report to bin. Make sure your old rubric and your peer reviewed report.

• Write homework down.• Carbon is an essential element in the construction of

macromolecules. It is also an important element in our environment. To the best of your ability, draw a diagram of the carbon cycle.

Quick Review:

Carbon Cycle - Essential to life

ANNOUNCEMENTS

• Please turn in your report to the homework bin.• Homework sheet – due Friday• http://mrscaskey.weebly.com/

MACROMOLECULES: THE BIG PICTURE

HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=NT9U7CFVOC4

NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES?

• All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom

NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES?

• All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom• Carbon

NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES?

• All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom• Carbon

• Small atom

NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES?

• All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom• Carbon

• Small atom

• Has four bonding points

NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES?

• All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom• Carbon

• Small atom

• Has four bonding points

• Forms strong bonds with other atoms

NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES?

• All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom• Carbon

• Small atom

• Has four bonding points

• Forms strong bonds with other atoms

• Many different stable arrangements allowing for numerous kinds of molecules essential for life on earth

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6VHViA2BcQ 2.5 minutes

ORGANIC MOLECULES

• Any molecule that has a Carbon and a Hydrogen atom• Life depends on organic molecules

• These molecules also may contain the following elements:• Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Sulfur(S)

MACROMOLECULES

• Macromolecule:• Are large molecules made by many

smaller molecules combining through chemical bonds

• Monomers are subunits that are combined together to form polymers.

• Polymers are repeating chains of monomers.

MACROMOLECULES

• 4 major macromolecules • Carbohydrates• Lipids• Protein• Nucleic Acids

CARBO HYDRATES

• Elements: • Carbo = Carbon

• Hydrates = Water = 2 Hydrogen (H) + 1 (O)

• 1. C - Carbon

• 2. H - Hydrogen

• 3. O - Oxygen

CARBO HYDRATES

• Monomers: Monosaccharide• Examples: glucose , fructose

• Polymers:• Disaccharide = ________ monomers added together

• Sucrose

• Polysaccharide = ________________ monosaccharides added together• Starch, glycogen, cellulose

MAKE A MONOMER OF A CARBOHYDRATE

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vx5n21zHPm8

• Yellow = Carbon• White = Hydrogen• Blue = Oxygen

BUILD A CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER– DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMTeqZLXBSo

During dehydration synthesis

• hydrogen (H) of one monomer combines with a hydrogen and oxygen from another monomer releasing a molecule of water.

• Water =

MAKE A POLYMER THROUGH DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

• Make a disaccharide with your monomers• You will be making a polymer and a molecule of water • Water = 2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atom

• Remember• Yellow = Carbon• White = Hydrogen• Blue = Oxygen

WHERE DO WE FIND CARBOHYDRATES?

• In plant products

• Fruits, vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes

• Sugar comes from a plant (Sugar cane)

• Flour (wheat)

• pasta, bread, cookies

• In animal products

• Milk (lactose)

WHAT FUNCTION DO CARBOHYDRATES PROVIDE?

Function:

1. Provide short term energy source

2. Structural support, plant stems

THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES

Simple Sugars Complex• Made of 1 monomer =

monosaccharides -or-• Made of 2 monomers =

disaccharides making it a polymer.

• Ex: Cookies, fruits

• Are polymers made up of many monomers = polysaccharides

• Ex: Pasta, bread, vegetables

EXIT SLIP

• Legos make a great analogy for monomers and polymers. Can you think of another analogy for monomers and polymers?

• What have you used, worn, played with, built, or observed that are made of smaller repeating units?

WHAT DO YOU THINK THE OPPOSITE OF DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS IS?

• Hydrolysis• Adding water (H2O) to break apart

EXIT SLIP: WHAT HAPPENS TO COMPLEXITY AS YOU INCREASE THE LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION? WHY?