Conus habui Lan, 2002

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NMNS Mike Filmer

Published in: Bull. Malac. R. O. China, 26, p. 1Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Near Okino-daito-jima, E. of Okinawa, Japan.Type Data: Holotype in NMNS deposited and catalogued Type Size: 30 x 15 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus sulcatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Asprella Species:-sulcatus habui formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Okinawa, Japan to PhilippinesHabitat:-Caught by coral boats in fairly deep watersDescription:-Original description Bulletin of Malacology, Taiwan Dec 2002C. habui is now considered to be a juvenile form of C. sulcatus samiae.

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Conus halli da Motta, 1983

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac., no. 2, p. 3, fig. 2 & 6Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Pasir Putih, about 180 kilometers east of Surabaya, Java, IndonesiaType Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued Type Size: 52.8 x 27.8 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus hyaena Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rhizoconus Species:-hyaena halli formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-IndonesiaHabitat:-Intertidal and upper subtidalDescription:- Form halli is used for smaller and narrower shells from Indonesia. The type specimen has many darkish brown axial streaks.Discussion:-No Data

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Conus hamamotoi Yoshiba & Koyama, 1984

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in WPMN Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Venus vol. xliii, no. 2, p. 115. pl. 1, f. 1-5Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: One to one and a half km W. off Ogokuda Beach, Wakayama Pref., Japan; 60-70 mType Data: Holotype in WPMN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 23 x 13.7 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rolaniconus Species:-hamamotoi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Japan and New CaledoniaHabitat:-Reported from 60-70 mDescription:-Source Living ConidaeSmall and moderately light. Last whorl broadly conical to slightly pyriform; outline convex adapically, straight to concave toward base. Shoulder tuberculate. Spire of moderate height, outline straight. Larval shell of about 3 whorls. Postnuclear spire whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps with coarse axial striae; 1-2 pale spiral grooves on earlier ramps. Last whorl with pronounced spiral grooves basally, separating ribs and ribbons; ribs may be granulose and may extend to shoulder.Ground colour white. Last whorl overlaid with rose pink, leaving a band of white blotches and a few spiral rows of reddish brown dots at centre; adjacent to central band, rose pink suffused with brown. Base and siphonal fasciole white. Larval whorls pale orange. Teleoconch sutural ramps brownish red, tuberculate marginal areas paler.Shell Morphometry L 18-24 mm RW 0.06-0.13 g/mm RD 0.70-0.79 PMD 0.85-0.93 RSH 0.15-0.22Discussion:-C. hamamotoi resembles C. sazanka, C. articulatus and C. danilai. C. sazanka is larger (20-42 mm), has a narrower last whorl (RD 0.56-0.64), lower spire (RSH 0.07-0.18), faint tuberculation of the teleoconch spire whorls, and distinct spiral grooves on its sutural ramps; its last whorl pattern lacks both a continuous white band and spiral rows of reddish brown dots centrally. C. danilai is also larger (25-40 mm), heavier (RW 0.17 in similarly sized shells), has a

narrower last whorl (RD 0.67- 0.72) with less pronounced sculpture, and has 2 larval whorls, the colour pattern of its last whorl includes white tents.

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Conus hamanni Fainzilber & Mienis, 1986

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in HUJ Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paratype Naturalis Bill Fenzan/Paul Kersten

Published in: Bull. Malac. R. O. C. 12, p. 1, f. 1-3Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; coarse sand and coral rubble, 35-40 mType Data: Holotype in HUJ deposited and catalogued Type Size: 29.4 x 13 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Leptoconus Species:-hamanni Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Southern Red Sea (Jeddah area, Saudi Arabia, and Dahlak Is., Eritrea) and Gulf of Aqaba, N. Red SeaHabitat:-In 30-40 m, on coarse sand mixed with coral rubble near coral reefs.Description:-Source Living ConidaeSmall to moderately small, light to moderately light. Last whorl ventricosely conical to conical; outline slightly convex; left side concave near base. Shoulder angulate to subangulate. Spire usually of moderate height, often slightly stepped; outline straight to slightly convex. Larval shell of 1.75-2 whorls, maximum diameter 0.8-0.9 mm. About first 2 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 1 increasing to 3-4 strong spiral grooves. Last whorl with spiral ribbons on basal third or half, grading to ribs near base.Ground colour pale pink. Last whorl with spirally aligned brown dots and wavy brown axial lines partially combined in tent-like flammules; lines fusing into 2-3 indistinct spiral bands or increasingly reduced. Larval whorls and first postnuclear sutural ramps white. Following sutural ramps with brown radial lines and streaks crossing outer margins. Aperture pale pink.Shell Morphometry L 18-30 mm RW 0.04-0.09 g/mm RD 0.58-0.64 PMD 0.81-0.90 RSH 0.12-0.24Discussion:-

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Conus hammatus Bartsch & Rehder, 1943

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer

Published in: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 56, p. 86Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Near Kauai, Hawaii; 179-253 fathomsType Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 22.5 x 12 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus circumactus Iredale, 1929Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Vituliconus Species:-circumactus hammatus formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-PacificHabitat:-Deep waterDescription:- Description based on a juvenile specimen.C. hammatus has been used for deep water specimens; The type is orange brown with purple base and convex sides.

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Conus hanshassi Lorenz & Barbier, 2012

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike FilmerPicture Link: Paul Kersten Published in: Acta Conch 11, 5, pl. 3Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Siargao Island, PhilippinesType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 23.4 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Genus:- Species:-hanshassi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-PhilippinesHabitat:-collected at 20 mDescription:-Source Original descriptionThe last whorl is narrowly ovate. The spire is high and pointed, the outline of it convex. The

whorls are stepped, with a deep suture. There are very distinct tubercles on every whorl. The paucispiral protoconch is consists of only two whorls. Most of the last whorl is smooth, but there is a distinct sculpture of transverse ridges along the outer lip, getting weaker towards the dorsal part of the body whorl. The anterior third of the last whorl shows transverse striae with faint tubercles.The protoconch is of darker grey-brown color, the ground colour of the teleoconch is white, even inside the aperture. There are brown dashes resembling a wide tentmark pattern distributed unevenly over the shell including the spire, and very small brown dots running across the last whorl in narrow bands. The suture of the spire is tinted with a brown line.Discussion:-

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Conus harasewychi Petuch, 1987

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer

Published in: New Carib. Moll. Faunas, p. 31, pl. 5, figs. 7 & 8Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: N of Palm Beach Inlet, Palm Beach, Florida; 30 m. Corrected (Petuch) to Cay Sal, BahamasType Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 26 x 14 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy:Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Purpuriconus Species:- harasewychi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-FloridaHabitat:-Coral 30 metersDescription:-Source Original descriptionDescription: Shell stocky, solid, broad across shoulder; shoulder somewhat rounded, distinctly coronated with large raised knobs; body whorl with numerous fine, beaded, spiral cords; spiral cords become stronger on anterior half of shell; body whorl uniformly dark mustard- yellow with thin, amorphous white band around mid- body; shoulder coronations and spire whorls white in color; anterior tip of shell and siphonal region dark brown; interior of aperture pale lavender.Discussion:-Conus harasewychi is closest to C. cardinalis Hwass, in shape, size, and sculpturing, but differs by lacking the well defined, dark- flammuled and spotted mid- body band, and by lacking the dark, hairline flammules on the spire whorls. Within the C. cardinalis species complex, the pure white, unicolored spire of C. harasewychi is unique. From the closely-related Bahamian endemic, C. jucundus Sowerby (= C. abbotti Clench), C. harasewychi differs in being a much smaller, heavier, and stockier shell, and by having a dark-colored anterior tip. In this last characteristic, the new species is similar to the Roatan Island endemic C. kulkulcan

Petuch. Conus harasewychi is the first member of the C. cardinalis-magellanicus species complex to be found on the mainland of the United States.Filmer believes it is a form of Conus cardinalis.

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Conus harlandi Petuch, 1987

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: New Carib. Moll. Faunas, p. 74, pl. 12, figs. 9-12Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Utila Island, Bay Island, Honduras; 18 mType Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 33 x 17 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Tenorioconus Species:-harlandi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-HondurasHabitat:-Found at depths of 10-20 mDescription:-Source Original descriptionShell tapered, elongated; spire low, almost flattened; edge of shoulder sharp, smooth, without coronations; body whorl polished, shiny, covered with numerous very fine, closely-packed spiral threads, giving shell silky appearance; shell color reddish- brown to chestnut, overlaid with 12-15 evenly-spaced bands of tiny, white flammules and dots; one wide white band around shoulder, one around anterior tip, each, in turn, containing tiny reddish- brown dots and hairlike flammules; some specimens (as in holotype) with white axial bands that correspond to previous lip edges; axial bands intersect spiral bands of white dots to produce checkered appearance; aperture long, narrow; interior of aperture with rose- pink shading; spire white, with scattered, large reddish-brown blotches and numerous thin, hairlike flammules in between; periostracum thin, transparent.Discussion:-Conus harlandi is the northernmost member of the predominantly southern caribbean C. cedonulli Linnaeus species complex. This new Honduran species is closest in shell form to C. sanctaemarthae Vink from northern Colombia, and shares the same tapered body and low, non-coronated shoulder. Conus sanctaemarthae, however, is a beautiful lilac-purple shell, covered with numerous rows of brown and white dots, while C. harlandi is a reddish- brown shell with evenly- spaced bands of white flammules. The basic color pattern of C. harlandi resembles that of the much larger C. cedonulli from St. Vincent Is., but differs in being much finer and more regular.

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Conus havanensis Aguayo & Farfante, 1947

Pictures:.Picture Link: Syntype 21 x 12.4 mm Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Rev. Soc. Malacol. 5, p. 11, test fOcean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Arenas de la Chorrera, Off Havana, Cuba.Type Data: Holotype in MPUH deposited and catalogued Type Size: 20.2 x 11.3 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Purpuriconus Species:-havanensis Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Cuba, JamaicaHabitat:-Found around 12 mDescription:-Vink Original descriptionShell solid, of medium size around 20mm. Color yellow, generally in two bands, one at shoulder and one at midbody with angled flammules of alternating porcelain white and dull brown yellow. Frequently middle band of only white. There are white maculations and brown flames and lines on the spire and whorl shoulder. Around 15 to 18 small nodules on the shoulder of the body whorl; the sculpture of the body whorl consists of numerous spiral threads which are minutely papillose. Fresh specimens may have a different colour.Discussion:-C. havanensis resembles yellowish specimens of C. magellanicus, but can be easily distinguished by the spiral papillose threads on the body whorl. C. magellanicus has a smooth body whorl and, in adult specimens, a shorter spire. Juvenile specimens of C. havanensis are less slender. The shoulder of c. cardinalis is not so finely nodulouse as that of C. havanensis (12 to 15 nodules versus 15 to 18 in C. havanensis)C. arangoi differs from C. havanensis in being larger, lighter in weight and more smooth (the spiral lines are only very weakly sculptured and more widely spaced). C. arangoi has the upper one of the three bands of orange maculations well below the shoulder (where the diameter is maximum), in C. havanensis the upper band (if present) is near the shoulder.

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Conus hayesi Korn, 2001

Published in: La Conchiglia xxxii, no. 297, p. 15, pl. 1, f. 1 & 2, pl. 2, f. 5-7 Ocean geography: South AfricaType Locality: Off Port Grosvenor, Transkei, South Africa (31deg 25' 00 S. 29deg 56' 6 E); 82 m.

Type Data: Holotype in NMSA deposited and catalogued Type Size: 18.7 x 11 mmNomenclature: A homonym:- an invalid name, a homonym of C. hayesi Arnold, 1909 (fossil), renamed C. brianhayesi Korn, 2001Taxonomy: RenamedCurrent Group Names:-Not appropriate for the name hayesi

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Conus hazinorum Petuch & Myers, 2014

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP Petuch & Myers

Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 4, p. 31– 32 with pic., Figure 1 A - FOcean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: off Pirambu, Sergipe State, BrazilType Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued Type Size: 57 x 29 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Conasprelloides Species:-hazinorumSynonyms:- Geographic Range:- Till now only known from the type locality, BrazilHabitat:-from 50 m depth, on muddy sea floorDescription:-Original descriptionShell of average size for genus, elongated, fusiform,with slightly indented sides and convex area around mid-body; shoulder angled, smooth, edged with large, rounded carina-like ridge; spire elevated, broadly pyramidal, with slightly stepped whorls; spire whorls faintly canaliculate, ornamented with 3 large spiral cords; early whorls of spire uniformly smooth,without beading or coronations; body whorl heavily sculptured with 36-38 closely-packed large rounded spiral cords, which become stronger and more prominent toward anterior end;body whorl colored pale yellow-white or pale straw-white with large, wide pale salmon-tan band around mid-body and with narrower pale salmon bands around shoulder and anteriortip; some specimens almost uniformly pale yellow-white, with only small scattered patches of pale salmon-tan around midbody; aperture uniformly narrow, white within interior; earlywhorls dark salmon-tan; spire whorls marked with scattered pale salmon-orange crescent-shaped flammules; protoconch proportionally small, mammillate, composed of 2 roundedwhorls, dark salmon-tan in color; periostracum adherent, thick and rough-textured, dark brown in color.Discussion:-

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Conus helgae Blöcher, 1992

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Acta Conchyliorum 3, p. 35, pl. 3, f. 22-27Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Off Grand Recif, Tulear, SW Madagascar.Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued Type Size: 36.6 x 19 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rolaniconus Species:-helgae Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-MadagascarHabitat:-Reported from 75-600 m.Description:-Source Living ConidaeMedium-sized, moderately solid. Last whorl ventricosely conical to conical; outline convex at right side, sigmoid to nearly straight at left side. Shoulder angulate and strongly tuberculate; tubercles widely spaced and outward- pointing. Spire of moderate height, outline concave. Larval shell of about 2 whorls, maximum diameter about 1 mm. Postnuclear spire whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with 1 increasing to 4-5 spiral grooves; grooves with a spiral thread on last ramp. Last whorl with granulose spiral ribs from base to subshoulder area, followed by weaker ribs; a spiral thread often present anterior to the ribs.Ground colour white. Last whorl with spirally aligned brown bars and flecks, the latter concentrated in a spiral band on each side of centre. Base and basal part of columella pinkish violet. Larval shell white. Postnuclear sutural ramps with brown radial streaks. Aperture tinged with pinkish violet.Shell Morphometry L 36-37 mm RW -0.14 g/mm RD 0.60-0.62 PMD 0.78-0.90 RSH 0.17-0.19Discussion:-

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Conus henckesi Coltro, 2004

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MZUSP Mike Filmer

Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio

Published in: Strombus 11, p. 3Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Mar Grande, Itaparica Isl., Bahia State, BrazilType Data: Holotype in MZUSP deposited and catalogued Type Size: 15 x 8 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAEGenus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-henckesi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Bahia, BrasilHabitat:-Lives on coral sand bottom at 1-2 meters on outside reefs on open sea areaDescription:-Source: Original descriptionBiconical, slightly concave-sided, rather high, stepped spire white with orange nodules, with numerous weak and curved axial threads. Top of the whorls are rather flat. Apex white with 2 whorls. Shoulder angulated and nodulose. Slightly convex body whorl, with heavy granules placed on 16-18 broad spiral cords. Color shell yellow-orange to red-orange sometimes with pale brown marks. Aperture light yellow- orange.Discussion:-

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Conus hennequini Petuch, 1993

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Bill Fenzan Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: La Conchiglia xxiv, no. 265, p. 10, f. 9-11Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: La Vauclin, Martinique, French West IndiesType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 17 x 9 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Purpuriconus Species:-hennequini Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-MartiniqueHabitat:-Found at shallow depths of 2 mDescription:-Source Original description

Shell small for genus, stocky, straight.sided; shoulder sharply-angled, obsoletely carinated; spire low, with early whorls slightly protracted; bodywhorl smooth and shiny; anterior tip encircled with 5 deeply incised spiral sulci; aperture narrow; spire whorls ornamented with large spiral cords; shell color pale tan (holotype) or pinkish tan overlaid with widely spaced pale brown and white amorphous blotches and numerous spiral rows of closely-spaced, intermittent large brown longitudinal flammules; spire whorls white with numerous scattered large dark brown flammules; edge of shoulder carina marked with large brown spots which corrrespond to spire flammules; spire flammules of darker brown color than midbody flammules; protoconch and early whorls yellow; aperture white, turning dark yellow within interior; periostracum thin, smooth, transparent, with scattered spiral rows of small tufts; small, velvet like periostracal fringes on spire whorls; animal, particularly foot and siphon, bright red.Discussion:-Conus hennequini is a distinctive little species, in many ways resembling a miniature Conus boui da Motta. Judging from its small size, shallow water habitat, the bright red animal, the new species is most probably a member of the Conus magellanicus species complex. Of the group, C. hennequini most closely resembles C. mayaguensis Nowell-Usticke, 1968 from Puerto Rico, but differs in being a smaller, much thinner, and more fragile shell, in lacking any shoulder or spire coronations or undulations, in having a much smoother, shinier shell that lacks spiral sculpture, and in being uniformly pale tan on pale pinkish tan in colour.

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Conus henoquei Bernardi, 1860

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer

Published in: J. Conchyl. viii, p. 380, pl. xiii, f. 4 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Not known.Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 37.5 x 21.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus fumigatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rhizoconus Species:-fumigatus henoquei formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Red SeaHabitat:-Shallow waterDescription:- C. henoquei RD 0.66 - 0.68, refers to a color and pattern variant. C henoquei has orange brown colour with white band broken by short strong axial flammules.Discussion:-No Data

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Conus henriquei Petuch & Myers, 2014

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP Petuch & Myers

Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 3, p. 31 with pic., Fig. 2 A & COcean geography: Western Atlantic Type Locality: Royal Charlotte Bank, east of the ABralhos Platform area of southern Bahia State, BrazilType Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued Type Size: 13 x 6 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily: -CONILITHINAEGenus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-henriqueiSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-At present only known from Royal Charlotte Bank, Bahia State, Brazil, but maybe also be present on the neighbouring Sulfur Bank and eastern Abrolhos PlatformHabitat:-On coral sand, 35 m depth, on coral reefsDescription:-Source Original descriptionShell of average size for genus, short and stumpy, wide across shoulder; shoulder sharply angled, ornamented with 12-14 very large, prominent, rounded knobs; spire elevated, broadly subpyramidal, ornamented with 12-14 large bead-like knobs per whorl; body whorl shiny and polished, ornamented with 14-16 large beaded cords; anterior one-half of body whorl with 12 deeply-impressed spiral sulci present between beaded spiral cords; spire whorls smooth between peripheral coronations; body whorl varying from pale yellow-white to pure white; spire whorls and shoulder knobs pure white; aperture proportionally wide, becoming slightly wider toward anterior end; interior of aperture pale yellow-white of pure white; protoconch proportionally very large and bulbous, mamillate, composed of 2 inflated, rounded whorls; periostracum smooth, thin, and transparent.Discussion:-

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Conus herndli Petuch & Myers, 2014

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP Petuch & MyersPicture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 3, p. 33 & 34 with pic., Fig. 3 A, B & COcean geography: Western Atlantic Type Locality: East of Victoria Cay, northwestern edge of the Great Bahama Bank, BahamasType Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued Type Size: 17 x 8 mm

Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily: -CONILITHINAEGenus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-herndliSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:- At present, known only from the southern islands of the Bimini Chain, northwestern edge of the Great Bahama Bank, BahamasHabitat:-In oolitic carbonate sand, 5 m depthDescription:-Source Original descriptionShell of average size for genus, slightly inflated, distinctly biconic in shape, with spire almost equal in length to body whorl; shoulder sharply-angled, bordered by prominent sharp-edged carina; spire elevated, protracted, subpyramidal, slightly stepped; body whorl glossy, sculptured with 16 incised spiral sulci that become stronger and better developed toward anterior end; spire whorls smooth; body whorl color uniform pale lavender, overlaid with scattered small orange-tan flammules and large, widely-scattered white rectangular spots; shoulder carina marked with 14-16 large, evenly-spaced, widely-separated reddish-brown spots; spire pale lavender with few scattered thin brown flammules; early whorls and protoconch purple-tan in color; aperture proportionally wide, becoming wider toward anterior end; interior of aperture pale lavender; protoconch proportionally large, rounded, dome-like, mamillate, composed of 2 whorls; periostracum thin, smooth, and transparent.Discussion:-

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Conus hieroglyphus Duclos, 1833

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Mag. Zool. 19, No. 23: 1 pageOcean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: ArubaType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 23 x 13 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Arubaconus Species:-hieroglyphus Synonyms:- armillatus C. B. Adams, 1850 Geographic Range:-Netherlands AntillesHabitat:-Found at depths of 2 to 4 m under coral heads.Description:-Source VinkA small shell, 15 to 20 mm, with convex sides of the body whorl and a straight-sided spire. Spire

whorls slightly stepped, somewhat convex, with three to four distinct spiral ridges separated by deep grooves. Nucleus: 1.5 rather large whorls (spire bluntly pointed). Shoulder rounded, body whorl covered with about 15 widely spaced beaded cords extending to shoulder, the small beads being spirally elongated. Body whorl black or black brown (reddish brown in faded specimens) with spiral rows of rectangular white markings. Sometimes only one row is present at mid-body, but mostly two or even many rows of white markings can be distinguished, which may fuse axially. The beads and base of the shell are violet (fading away in old shells). Spire whorls white with black brown markings, this pattern extending to below the shoulder.Discussion:-

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Conus hilli Petuch, 1990

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Alan Kohn

Published in: Nautilus. 104 (2), p. 68, f. 36 & 37Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Portobelo, PanamaType Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 21 x 12 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: According to Filmer a synonym form of Conus magellanicus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Purpuriconus Species:-magellanicus hilli formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-E. PanamaHabitat:-Found at depths around 25 mDescription:-Source: Original descriptionShell stocky, broad across shoulder; spire low, flattened; shoulder sharply-angled, subcarinated; shoulder and spire whorls obsoletely coronated, with low, evenly-spaced undulations along periphery; body whorl very smooth, polished, shiny; anterior tip with 10 small, slightly raised spiral cords; shell color deep purple-blue with blotchy, light blue band around midbody; light blue midbody band marked with 4 rows of tiny, closely-spaced reddish-brown dots; spire whorls white with evenly-spaced, large dark brown crescent-shaped flammules; protoconch mammillate. protracted, light orange in color; aperture narrow, purple within.Discussion:-Conus hilli is most similar to, and apparently is a close relative of, Conus kulkulcan Petuch, 1980 from the Bay Islands of Honduras. The new species differs from C. kulkulcan, however, in having a lower, flatter spire, and in having a squatter, less elongated shape. The spire whorls and shoulder of C. kulkulcan are marked with numerous fine, dark brown hairlines, but these are absent on C. hilli. Conus kulkulcan is also a textured shell, having spiral rows of tiny pustules around the body whorl. Conus hilli, on the other hand, is an untextured shell, having a highly polished, shiny body whorl. Conus hilli forms an interesting species trio with closely-

related Honduran and Colombian species. This complex, then, includes C. kulkulcan from Honduras, C. hilli from Panama, and C. colombianus Petuch, 1987 from northern Colombia. Other related species in this close-knit Caribbean complex include C. jucundus Sowerby,1887 (= C. abbotti Clench, 1942) and C. inconstans E. A. Smith, 1877 from the Bahamas, C. arangoi Sarasua, 1977 from Cuba, Cay Sal, and Turks and Caicos, C. cardinalis Hwass, 1792, mayaguensis Nowell-Usticke, 1968 from the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, C. harasewychi Petuch, 1987 from Palm Beach, Florida, and possibly C. abrolhosensis Petuch, 1987 from the Abrolhos Archipelago of Brazil.

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Conus hirasei Kuroda, 1956

Pictures:Picture Link: Figure Original Description Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Venus vol. xix, no. 1, p. 3, text f. 10Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Kashiwajima, Tosa, JapanType Data: Holotype was in unknown collection (destroyed) and currently assumed to be lost Type Size: 62.5 x 31.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Kioconus Species:-hirasei Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Japan to Philippines and South China SeaHabitat:-Reported from 100-240 mDescription:-Source Living ConidaeMedium-sized to large, solid. Last whorl conical, ventricosely conical or slightly pyriform; outline convex adapically, straight to slightly concave below. Shoulder angulate to subangulate, slightly carinate. Spire of low to moderate height, outline slightly concave to slightly sigmoid. Early postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 3 increasing to 5-6 spiral grooves; additional spiral threads on last 2 ramps. Last whorl with a few broad but rather weak spiral ribs at base.Ground colour white tinged with violet. Last whorl with about 18-30 rather regularly spaced reddish brown spiral lines from base to subshoulder area. Larval whorls white. Outer margins of teleoconch sutural ramps with regularly spaced reddish to blackish brown spots. Aperture white except for violet area near shoulder.Shell Morphometry L 50-92 mm RW 0.28-0.35 g/mm (L 50-62 mm) RD 0.59-0.61

PMD 0.81-0.92 RSH 0.09-0.14Discussion:-No Data

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Conus hivanus Moolenbeek, Zandbergen, & Bouchet, 2008

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Robert Moolenbeek Picture Link: Paratype in MNHN Robert Moolenbeek

Published in: Vita Malacologica 6, 30 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Nuku Hiva, MarquesasType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 15.7 x 8.6 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Gladioconus Species:-hivanus Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-MarquesasHabitat:-Found at depths of 90-120 mDescription:-Source original descriptionLast whorl ventricosely conical. Spire low, a bit stepped, concave towards the pc. On the shoulder of the body whorl there are 18 nodules. These nodules continue as a kind of opisthocline axial ribs until halfway down the body whorl, and are in fact granules on the spiral bands. The lower part of the body whorl only has spiral bands with small grooves in between. Discussion:-

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Conus hoaraui Monnier & Limpalaër, 2015

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MHNN Eric Monnier

Published in: Xenopohora Taxonomy 7, p. 15, fig. 1; Pl. on p. 22 and 23Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: off Sainte-Suzanne, North of La Réunion IslandType Data: Holotype in MHNN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 29.28 x 13.30 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid species

Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Kioconus Species:-hoarauiSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-W. Indian Ocean: La Réunion IslandHabitat:-110 mDescription:-Source Original DescriptionModerately small, conical to narrowly conical with almost straight sides below the rounded periphery (slightly convex adapically giving a sigmoid outline). The shoulder is subangulate and irregularly undulated. The protoconch of 2 whorls is paucispiral and variously colored (cream to dark pink or violet). Adult shells have about 11 whorls. The spire is moderately elevated, mucronate with the last ramps being straight to sigmoid. The teleoconch whorls are slightly detached and heavily tuberculate with 11 to 12 strong rather acute cream knobs per whorl. The spiral suture is undulate. Sutural ramp is flat with 4 to 5 subsutural ridges and spiral grooves and without radial threads. Body whorl with a smooth shining surface, decorated with 11 to 15 reddish brown spiral bands evenly spread on a light yellow to cream background.those two bands, 1 to 2 mm broad are wider than the paler gaps and decreasing in size towards the plain cream white anterior end. The spire is intensely reddish chocolate brown colored with yellow cream streaks. The aperture is uniformely narrow in width, with an almost straight inner lip. The outer lip is whitish to pale purple within. The anal notch is rather V shaped and the origin of the lip has a receding profile. The siphonal lip outline is straight with a whitish fasciole. Some very weak spiral grooves at base.Shell Morphometry L 29.28 mm RD 0.548 PMD 09.20 RSH 0.171Discussion:-This species is compared with Conus caillaudi Kiener, 1845 from Cargados Carajos.

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Conus holemani Nowell-Usticke, 1968

Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in AMNH Mike Filmer

Published in: Caribbean Cones from St. Croix and Lesser Antilles, p. 21, pl. III, f. 1011Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: St. Vincent, West Indies.Type Data: Lectotype in AMNH deposited and catalogued Type Size: 64 x 34.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym of Conus cedonulli Linnaeus, 1767Current Group Names:-Not appropriate for the name holemani

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Conus honkeri Petuch, 1988

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer

Published in: Neo. Hist. Trop. Amer. Moll., p. 158, pl. 36, f. 1 & 2 Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Off Los Monges Is., Gulf of Venezuela; 35 mType Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 37 x 16 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Dauciconus Species:-honkeri Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-VenezuelaHabitat:-Found at depths of about 35 mDescription:-Source: Original descriptionShell very elongated, with slightly convex sides; spire low; shell smooth, polished, with numerous fine, low spiral cords; spiral cords coarser and more pronounced at anterior end; aperture straight, very narrow; spire whorls canaliculate, with raised, sharp-edged carina along shoulder; color (on dead taken and faded holotype) white with 2 wide, pale yellow-orange bands around mid-body; anterior tip pale apricot; spire whorls with evenly-spaced yellow flammules.Discussion:-Conus honkeri is an unusual species, especially in being more elongated than the typical cone shell, and in having slightly convex sides to the body whorl. This new species is closest to the widespread Caribbean C. attenuatus Reeve, 1844, but differs in being a larger shell with a more convex outline, by being sculptured with fine raised cords, and by having channeled, canaliculate spire whorls.Filmer records as valid species while Tucker assigns as synonym of C. attenuatus.

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Conus honkerorum Petuch & Myers, 2014

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP Petuch & Myers, 2014

Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 3, p. 29 with pic., fig. 1 C & D Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Along the southern end of Green Turtle Cay, Abaco Islands, Little Bahama Bank, BahamasType Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued

Type Size: 20 x 9.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Gradiconus Species:-honkerorumSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:- At present, known only from the Abaco Islands, Little Bahama Bank, BahamasHabitat:-Found in sand near Turtle Grass bed, 2 m depth Description:-Source: Original descriptionShell small for genus, broad and inflated, wide across shoulder, with straight sides; shoulder sharply angled, edged by raised carina; spire subpyramidal, elevated, with slightly stepped whorls; body whorl smooth, with numerous fine longitudinal growth lines producing silky texture; 8 very faint and almost obsolete, low, widely-spaced spiral cords present around body whorl; 6 large, strong spiral cords and deep spiral sulci present around anterior end of body whorl; spire whorls smooth and unornamented, slightly canaliculate; body whorl color pale orange with wide band of paler whitish-orange flammules around mid-body; edge of shoulder and shoulder carina white; spire whorls white and pale whitish-yellow, marked with numerous closely-packed, crescent-shaped pale orange flammules; interior of aperture pale orange, becoming deeper orange within interior; protoconch proportionally very large, mamillate and bulbous, composed of two rounded whorls; periostracum very thin, smooth, and translucent.Discussion:-.

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Conus hopwoodi Tomlin, 1936

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype C. gracilis Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio

Published in: J. Conchol. xx, p. 254Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Not known.(C. gracilis Sowerby, 1875)Type Data: Holotype in NMWC deposited and catalogued (C .gracilis) Type Size: 30.5 x 10 mmNomenclature: an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum) for C. gracilis Sowerby, 1875Taxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAEGenus:-Fusiconus Species:-hopwoodi Synonyms:- gracilis Sowerby iii, 1875Geographic Range:-Melanesia; S. China Sea; Queensland

Habitat:-In 6-36 m, in sand or mud and in E. New Britain, on coarse volcanic sand, debris and gravel in 18-36 mDescription:-Source Living ConidaeModerately small, light. Last whorl narrowly conoid-cylindrical to narrowly conical; outline slightly convex, less so near base. Shoulder subangulate, with a deep exhalent notch. Spire usually of moderate height, outline nearly straight. Larval shell of about 3 whorls, maximum diameter about 1 mm. First 3-4.5 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps with 1 strong spiral groove in first 3 whorls and 2 increasing to 2-4 grooves in following whorls. Last whorl almost smooth or with punctate shallow spiral grooves separating ribs near base and ribbons above.Ground colour grey to beige. Last whorl with spiral rows of brown squarish dots and rectangular bars on ribbons. Brown markings usually variably fusing into flames; brown colouration occasionally more general, leaving only a few ground-colour flecks. Larval whorls brown (Solomon Is.) or beige (Papua New Guinea, Queensland). Postnuclear sutural ramps with connected brown radial markings. Aperture translucent.Shell Morphometry L 25-31 mm RW 0.02-0.04 g/mm RD 0.37-0.43 PMD 0.81-0.88 RSH 0.19-0.24Discussion:-C. hopwoodi closely resembles C. longurionis in shape. and pattern. This species differs from C. hopwoodi in its larger size (to 46 mm), often higher spire (RSH 0.19-0.30), larger number of tuberculate teleoconch spire whorls (5-8), and in its often more conical and broader last whorl (RD 0.39-0.48; PMD 0.83-0.90). It is possible that the two are conspecific. C. aculeiformis differs in its generally broader last whorl (RD 0.40-0.47), angulate to carinate shoulder, absence of any tuberculate whorls, and different arrangement of the spiral grooves on its postnuclear sutural ramps.

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Conus howelli Iredale, 1929

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in AMS Mike Filmer

Published in: Rec. S. Austral. Mus. 17, p. 182, pl. 40, f. 1 & 8Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Montague Is., N.S.W., AustraliaType Data: Holotype in AMS deposited and catalogued Type Size: 27 x 13.3 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Endemoconus Species:-howelli

Synonyms:- raoulensis Powell, 1958 Geographic Range:-New South Wales - New Zealand; New CaledoniaHabitat:-Reported from 50-250 mDescription:-Source Living ConidaeSmall to medium sized. Last whorl conical; outline usually straight; left side may be slightly sigmoid to slightly concave. Shoulder sharply angulate, tuberculate to smooth. Spire of moderate height to high, slightly stepped; outline concave to almost straight. Larval shell of about 4 whorls, maximum diameter about 1 mm. Postnuclear spire whorls usually tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with closely spaced radial threads. Last whorl variable in sculpture: Almost smooth specimens with weak spiral ribs on basal third intergrade with specimens with widely spaced, strong and granulose ribs and some intervening weak and smooth ribs.Ground colour white to cream. Last whorl with fine orange to brown, wavy axial lines and 2-3 slightly darker, interrupted to solid spiral bands. In some specimens, entire last whorl with orange to brown blotches. Postnuclear sutural ramps with curved radial lines and streaks matching last whorl pattern in colour. Aperture pale pink, grading to white at each end.Shell Morphometry L 18-49 mm RW - RD 0.60-0.69 PMD 0.88-0.95 RSH 0.16-0.25 (occasionally very low; Garrard 1961)Discussion:-Strongly sculptured subadult specimens of C. howelli are very similar to adult specimens of C. raoulensis. The latter species is smaller (L 16-22 mm), has a generally broader last whorl (RD 0.67-0.76), and its last whorl pattern usually includes indistinct instead of prominent axial lines. In similarly sized specimens, the periostracum is yellowish brown in C. raoulensis but chestnut brown in C. howelli. Both species occur sympatrically on the Wanganella Bank (N.W. of N. New Zealand) without intergrading (Marshall, 1981).

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Conus huberorum da Motta, 1989

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer

Published in: La Conchiglia xxi. no. 242-245, p. 9-11, 2 text figs. Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Off the Coromandel Coast, Bay of Bengal, north of Madras, India.Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued Type Size: 48.2 x 24.7 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus loroisii Kiener, 1845Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE

Genus:-Dendroconus Species:-loroisii huberorum formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Bay of BengalHabitat:-Found at 35-70 mDescription:-Source Living Conidae C. loroisiiForm huberorum smaller and lighter in weight. Last whorl ventricosely conical to distorted conoid-cylindrical with straighter outline. In distorted specimens, aperture wider at base than near shoulder. Spire of low to moderate height, outline slightly sigmoid to concave; in distorted specimens, early postnuclear whorls stepped.A common freak form.Discussion:-No Data

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Conus hughmorrisoni Lorenz & Puillandre, 2015

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype Felix Lorenz

Published in: European Journal of Taxonomy 129: 1-15, fig. 2 - 4Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Papua New Guinea, New Ireland, Kavieng Lagoon, E side of Wadei IslandType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 20.4 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Genus:- Splinoconus Species:-hughmorrisoniSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Papua New GuineaHabitat:-collected at 9 – 11 mDescription:-Source Original descriptionThe shell of the holotype is rather small and lightweight. The last whorl is moderately broad and conical. The aperture is equally narrow throughout. The spire is pointed, acutely stepped, the outline very slightly concave. The suture is narrow and shallow. The protoconch is smooth, bulbous, of about 2 whorls, measuring about 0.55 mm in width. It is missing or strongly corroded in all specimens studied (Fig. 2C). The first two postnuclear whorls have no spiral grooves, and their shoulders are shallow and without discernible tubercles. There are three shallow incised striae on the postnuclear sutural ramps, and two to three broader, less distinct striae along the angle of the shoulder and below on the adapical end of the last whorl. The last adult whorl and the preceeding whorl show 15–17 prominent tubercles each (Fig. 2G); their interstices are deeply indented, also below the shoulder, dorsally on the last adult whorl, forming an undulating outline. The number of tubercles increases by one or two in the preceeding earlier whorls, gradually weakening, finally disappearing towards the protoconch. The shell seems glossy and smooth in the half below the spire, but there are regularly spaced, shallow, axially striate spiral

grooves between spiral ribbons on its entire surface. These are enhanced by intermittent tubercles which gradually become more prominent and denser towards the abapical end, and directly above the lip. The anal notch is rounded and rather shallow. The protoconch is pale yellow. The ground colour of the teleoconch is white, with purple on parts of the last whorl. The abapical end is stained with darker purple. The spire is white with occasionaly discrete brown axial lines. The last adult whorl shows irregular brown patches above a pale purple mid-dorsal area without darker pattern; these patches can eventually be connected to form an irregular spiral band. There are numerous, evenly spaced narrow spiral rows of white and brown dots. They appear as rows of white spots within the darker blotches and as discrete red-brown spots in the paler, unblotched areas. The tubercles on the spiral ribbons are white, which is especially obvious in the darker stained abapical end. The interior of the shell is purplish brown.Discussion:-

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Conus hunti Wils & Moolenbeek, 1979

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN Bill Fenzan / Paul Kersten

Published in: Bijdr. Dierkd. xlix, no. 2, p. 257, f. 7-9, 11-14Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Off St. James, West Barbados; 155-180 mType Data: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 18.6 x 9.9 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym of Conus sanderi Wils & Moolenbeek, 1979Current Group Names:-Not appropriate for the name hunti

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Conus hyaena Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792

Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio

Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers. Vol. 1, p. 656Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: West Africa [erroneous]Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued Type Size: 61 x 33 mm

Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rhizoconus Species:-hyaena Synonyms:- concolor Sowerby ii, 1841; incarnatus Reeve, 1844; mutabilis Reeve, 1844; tribunus Crosse, 1865; kobelti Lobbecke, 1882; halli da Motta, 1983Geographic Range:-C. h. hyaena from India and Sri Lanka eastwards to Indonesia and in the South China Sea northwards to Hong Kong.Habitat:-Intertidal and upper subtidal; C. h. hyaena common in intertidal and slightly subtidal habitats, with deeper populations (to 50 m) known only from S. India.Description:-Source Living ConidaeMedium-sized to moderately large, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl conical to ventricosely conical, sometimes approaching pyriform; outline variably convex adapically, less so or straight below; left side concave near base. Shoulder angulate to rounded. Spire of low to moderate height, outline straight to slightly concave or sigmoid. Early postnuclear whorls weakly tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to convex, with 2 increasing to 6-8 (occasionally to 10-11) spiral grooves, often obsolete on latest ramps. Last whorl with variably distinct wrinkled spiral ribs at base. Ground colour white to bluish grey, variably overlaid with various shades of brown or yellowish orange. Axially streaked or spirally banded shells intergrade with nearly solidly coloured ones. Often, dashed or almost solid brown lines around last whorl. Larval whorls beige to pale brown. Teleoconch sutural ramps irregularly or axially streaked, matching last whorl in colouration. Aperture white to bluish white behind a translucent marginal zone, occasionally pale violet deep within. Periostracum yellowish or orangish brown to dark brown, moderately thick, opaque, with interlaced axial ridges and 10-18 widely and almost equally spaced often tufted spiral ridges on last whorl incl. shoulder. Occasionally last whorl either maculated with lighter axial streaks or encircled with faint rows of darker dots. Larval whorls beige or pale pink; adjacent teleoconch sutural ramps light brown. Shell Morphometry L 40-73 mm (India; 39-50 mm Indonesia) RW 0.17-0.53 g/mm (India; 0.15-0.26 g/mm Indonesia) RD 0.61-0.71 (India; 0.55-0.67 Indonesia) PMD 0.78-0.86 (India; 0.79-0.88 Indonesia) RSH 0.09-0.18 (India; 0.11-0.14 Indonesia)Discussion:-C. biliosus, occurring sympatrically with C. h. hyaena in India and Indonesia, differs from the latter in its tuberculate late teleoconch whorls (often including shoulder), different colour pattern of both shell and animal and in its different ecological attributes. C. biliosus from India has a straighter outline in its last whorl; Indonesian shells of C. biliosus have a broader last whorl than sympatric specimens of C. h. hyaena (0.65-0.76 vs. 0.58-0.67). C. h. concolor resembles the sympatric C. gilvus, which can be separated by its smaller size, usually

broader last whorl (0.59-0.66 vs. 0.56-0.62) and by the smaller number of spiral grooves on its late sutural ramps. Indian shells of C. h. hyaena tend to grow larger and have a broader last whorl than those from Indonesia. Some authors separate them as a distinct species (C. mutabilis) from the Indonesian C. hyaena (also described as C. halli). However, neither the type specimens of C. mutabilis, C. hyaena and C. halli nor specimens from the two regions can be clearly distinguished by conchological characters. There is a considerable overlap in shell morphometry and colour pattern between the western and the eastern populations. In addition, the animals from Bombay and Java are very similar in colouration and have only minor differences in radular tooth morphology. RKK therefore consider both populations to represent geographical variants of the same taxon. C. halli: Indonesian specimens

Conus hyaena concolor Sowerby ii, 1841

Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype unicolor Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Conch. Illus. pt. 54, f. 59Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Designated Solomon Islands (C. unicolor Sowerby, 1834)Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued (C. unicolor) Type Size: 45 x 23 mmNomenclature: an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum) for C. unicolor Sowerby 1834.Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus hyaena Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rhizoconus Species:-hyaena concolor subsp.Synonyms:- unicolor Sowerby ii, 1834Geographic Range:- C. h. concolor known from the Solomon Is. and Papua New Guinea, recently reported from the Indonesian area.Habitat:-C. h. concolor subtidal between 3 and 30 m.Description:-Source Living Conidae C. hyaenaC. h. concolor chocolate brown to almost black, sometimes mid- brown or olivaceous. Occasionally last whorl either maculated with lighter axial streaks or encircled with faint rows of darker dots. Larval whorls beige or pale pink; adjacent teleoconch sutural ramps light brown. Discussion:-No Data

Conus hyaena f. halli da Motta, 1983

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer

Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac. no. 2, p. 3, fig. 2 & 6Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Pasir Putih, about 180 kilometers east of Surabaya, Java, IndonesiaType Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued Type Size: 52.8 x 27.8 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus hyaena Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rhizoconus Species:-hyaena halli formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-IndonesiaHabitat:-Intertidal and upper subtidalDescription:- Form halli is used for smaller and narrower shells from Indonesia. The type specimen has many darkish brown axial streaks.Discussion:-No Data

Conus hyaena f. mutabilis Reeve, 1844

Pictures:Picture Link: Syntype in NHMUK Mike Filmer

Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, pl. 45, sp. 249Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Not knownType Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 34 x 20 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus hyaena Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rhizoconus Species:-hyaena mutabilis formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-IndiaHabitat:-Common in intertidal and slightly subtidal habitats, with deeper populations (to 50 m) known only from S. IndiaDescription:- Form mutabilis represents larger specimens from India. The type specimen has pyriform shape and brown pattern of many spiral bands.Discussion:-No Data

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Conus hybridus Kiener, 1845

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in collection Delessert. Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv., pl. 83, f. 1Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán

Published in: Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. 2, p. 256, pl. 83, f. 1Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West AfricaType Locality: NoneType Data: Holotype was in collection Delessert. and currently assumed to be lost Type Size: 42 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Lautoconus Species:-hybridus Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Senegal: Cap Vert Peninsula, from around Yoff in the North, to Dakar-Fann. Most abundant from Almadies to OuakamHabitat:-At shallow depths amongst rocksDescription:-Source Pin and TackShell relatively light, flat, with 9 or 10 whorls, generally turbinated, i.e. wide in shape with a markedly rounded shoulder. Convex sides in the majority of the specimens, but sometimes even straight. The spire is almost short, a little concave, with an apex sharp when not eroded, but some specimens show quite a flat spire. No plicae are visible at the base, except for growth lines. The aperture conspicuously widens at the base. The lip profile is quite enfolding, slightly convex and rounded at the top.The ornamentation is very variable but most often shows some fine and dense whitish spots disposed along relatively regular axial bands against a more or less light brown-milky or olive-greenish background. These bands are not necessarily evenly spaced and are sometimes present only spirally. In other cases, the spots are divided into four bands: two towards the shoulder, one at mid-body, and one towards the base; in which case the pattern results very close to that of c. guinaicus. The shell can also be yellowish or greyish, without spots, and showing only growth lines. But almost all the specimens are endowed with a white transversal band, clearly visible at the inferior third of the last whorl, and with another, not as wide but always very distinguishable, towards the shoulder.The interior of the aperture is violet, marked by two white bands, a wide one towards the base and a narrow one towards the shoulder. A very large brown band interiorly edges the lip. The penultimate whorls are spotted with brown, but the spire is almost always eroded, even in juveniles, and characterized by a whitish colour pattern.The brown-yellow periostracum is usually thick enough to hide the pattern of the last whorl. The animal is greyish, independently from the shell colour.Discussion:-Iconography: C. hybridus Kiener, 1845 may resemble C. aemulus Reeve, 1844, but it has a distinctly more slender shell with a more raised spire and a much finer pattern. It may

also resemble C. taslei Kiener, 1845, which has a much more triangular profile and a broader pattern. The general shape also distinguishes C. hybridus from C. guinaicus.

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Conus hypochlorus Tomlin, 1937

Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype C. croceus Mike Filmer

Published in: Proc. Mal. Soc. Lond. xxii, part 4, p. 206Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Not known (C. croceus Smith, 1877)Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued ( C. croceus ) Type Size: 25.3 x 8.5 mmNomenclature: an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum) for C. croceus Smith, 1877.Taxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Conus Species:-hypochlorus Synonyms:- croceus Smith, 1877 Geographic Range:-C. PhilippinesHabitat:-Deep waterDescription:-Source WallsLight in weight, with a high gloss and waxy appearance; elongate biconical, very slender, the sides almost straight and tapering to a very narrow base; body whorl covered with wide rounded spiral ribs separated by deep grooves; shoulder roundly angled, carinate, spire tall, sharply pointed, the sides straight; tops of whorls flat; body whorl and spire totally deep yellow to deep orange yellow, without traces of pattern; aperture narrow, uniform; outer lip thin, sharp; mouth pinkish tan;Discussion:-Similar to C. insculptus but much narrower with sharper spiral ribs and shoulder edge.

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Copyright Paul Kersten. Rights to all images remains with the originator. Every effort has been made by the editor to respect copyright and image rights and to seek the appropriate approvals. The source of any text quoted from original descriptions or other publications is acknowledged. Acknowledgements and References can be viewed by clicking on the links provided. Should you have any queries or material which would improve the content of the website, you may contact the author at the E mail address on home page.

Last update April 2015