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June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 1
Pajarito Powder Successes and Opportunities in Scale‐up of
Non‐PGM ORR Catalysts
DOE CWG 6‐2014
June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 2
PPC Purpose
Create & ManufactureAffordable Fuel Cell Catalystsin Commercial Quantities
Key Dates:•Company Started: September, 2012•Commercial Launch: February, 2014
Key Dates:•Company Started: September, 2012•Commercial Launch: February, 2014
June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 3
PPC Key Personnel
• Tom Stephenson, Chairman & CEO– Successful fuel cell component investor & business manager
• Barr Halevi, President & Chief Technology Officer– Manages technical team of 6
• Alexey Serov, Chief Scientist– Joint appointment with University of New Mexico
• Technical Advisory Board– Piotr Zelenay, Los Alamos National Laboratory (Chairman)– Plamen Atanassov, University of New Mexico– Scott Calabrese Barton, Michigan State University
• Paul Short, Board Member– Strategic adviser to team; served as founding CEO
June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 4
• Performance– Stability– Durability
• Integration– Must use same equipment as current PGM catalysts
• Manufacturability– Scalability
• 100gr to 1 kg to 1 ton batch
Performance Criteria
FC086 2013
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• Scalability– Suitability to different scales
• Tunability– Different fuel cell applications
• Costs– Precursor costs– Processing costs
• Equipment• Number of Steps
– Chemical waste– Sensitivity to process variables
Manufacturability
FC086 2013
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• DOE EERE FC086– Northeastern University
• Sanjeev Mukerjee – Michigan State University
• Scott Calabrese‐Barton– University of New Mexico
• Plamen Atanassov
• DOE EERE FC107– LANL
• Piotr Zelenay
• Technologies selected for scale up:– Michigan State University ‐ “High Pressure Pyrolysis Method”– University of New Mexico ‐ “Sacrificial Support Method”
Non‐PGM Developers
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0 0.5 1 1.5I (A/cm2)
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Interbatch 1Interbatch 2Intrabatch 3AIntrabatch 3BIntrabatch 3CInterbatch 4 (100kg Precursor batch)
0.5bar O2 100%RH 80oC 211 membrane, 45wt% Nafion 1100Anode = 0.2mgPt/cm2
Cathode = 2.3mgcat/cm2
Scaled to 50 g
5% I error bars
• Significantly reduced variability (<5%), both inter-batch and intra-batch. • Consistent performance across different sources of pre-cursor material.• Significantly reduced variability (<5%), both inter-batch and intra-batch. • Consistent performance across different sources of pre-cursor material.
June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 8
Progress in Air
Improved catalyst formulation meets Goal 1, nearing Goal 2Improved catalyst formulation meets Goal 1, nearing Goal 2
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0.001 0.01 0.1 1I (A/cm2)
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Inhouse GDE- 2.5mg/cm2 catalystGen1 GDE & Gen1 CatalystGen1 GDE & Gen2 Catalyst
1.5barg Air 100%RH, 80oC211 membrane, Nafion 1100Anode = 0.2mgPt/cm2
DOE EERE FC086goal 2 [email protected]
DOE EERE FC086 goal 1 [email protected]
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PPC Capabilities
• Multiple non‐PGM catalyst production methods and formulations scaled to 25‐100 g
• Fixed product line (200 g/day capacity)– NPC‐2000 & 1000: Non‐platinum, drop‐in fuel cell catalysts with different performance/price points
– PHC‐3000: Ultra low loaded platinum content catalyst for higher performance
• Custom catalyst design• Contract manufacturing
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June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 10
Opportunities – 1
• Catalysts– Continued material improvement– Design for manufacturing
• Reduced material costs at scale• Reduced manufacturing costs at scale
• Electrodes– Designs for non‐PGM catalysts
• Construction of inks• Depositions of inks• Construction of MEA
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June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 11
Opportunities – 2
• Standards and Goals– Updated/New Protocols for non‐PGM
• Advanced Stress Testing• Measurements at End‐of‐Life (EOL)
– More representative testing conditions – Economic, not just performance standards
• Economics– Cost/benefit tradeoffs at the stack & system level
• For Non‐PGM catalysts• For ultra‐low PGM catalysts
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June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 12
Thanks
• DOE EERE & CWG• Northeastern University
• Prof. Sanjeev Mukerjee– University of New Mexico
• Profs. Plamen Atanassov and Alexey Serov– Michigan State University
• Prof. Scott Calabrese Barton– Nissan technical Center North America
• Drs. Nilesh Dale, Eli Niangar, and Kenzo Oshihara. – LANL
• Drs. Piotr Zelenay, Hoon Chung, and Gang Wu
• Verge Fund
June 16 2014 Copyright 2014 Pajarito Powder, LLC 13
Questions?
Tom Stephenson, CEO & Chairman ([email protected]) Barr Halevi, CTO & President ([email protected])
Pajarito Powder, LLC317 Commercial St. NE
Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA+1 (505) 293‐5367
www.pajaritopowder.com