Does a green or golden route to OAmake any difference to …

Institutional evaluation and assessment of researchers

…?

Gunnar Sivertsen

Norwegian Institute for Studies in Research and Higher Education

2

A brief presentation and three critical questions

• A new CRIS development in Norway: Budgeting by bibliometrics …

• … raises three critical questions to golden OA:– Will the degree of access to publication channels (journals, series,

book publishers) be distributed among them in the same order as their prestige?

– What happens to the quality of research communication if only the producers of the contents pay the costs?

– Can each of the institutions take over the role of their common international journals and publishers – and then be evaluated by the research output that they publish themselves?

3

A new overall budgeting model for research in Norway’s Higher Education Sector

• Developed 2003-2004, introduced in 2005• Includes:

– The four universities and forty other HE institutions– 15,000 researchers– About 8,000 scholarly and scientific publications per year

• Effects:– Electronic ”stacks of publication lists” will be changed to

searchable references, readable publications and analyzable data– There will be a macro incentive system connected to publications

4

Data will be used for multiple purposes

Local budgets

Bibliometric research

PersonalCV’s

Annual reports,websites

Applications

Evaluations

Reports and budgetson national level

CRIS

5

All scientific and scholarly publications will be covered

’ISI journals’Other journals

Other publi-cation types

6

Bibliographic data sources will be applied as a supplement to individual reporting of publications.

Author(s): Bell-Pedersen D; Crosthwaite SK; Lakin-Thomas PL; Merrow M; Okland M

Title: The Neurospora circadian clock: simple or complex?

Source: PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2001, Vol 356, Iss 1415, pp 1697-1709

Language: English

Document Type: Article

Addresses: Bell-Pedersen D, Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA Univ Manchester, Sch Biol Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England Univ Munich, AG Chronobiol, Inst Med Psychol, D-80336 Munich, Germany Stord Haugesund Coll, N-5409 Stord, Norway

7

Authority records will standardize references for bibliographic search and bibliometric analysis.

(Example: Part of the authority record for 14,000 journals)

0001-9887 Africa Today

0001-9909 African Affairs

1062-4783 African American Review

0263-0338 African Archaeological Review

0001-9933 African Arts

1017-6772 African Development Review-Revue africaine de developpement

0145-2258 African Economic History

1021-3589 African Entomology

1472-5843 African Identities

1684-5315 African Journal of Biotechnology

1021-9730 African Journal of Crop Science

0141-6707 African Journal of Ecology

1438-7890 African Journal of Environmental Assessment and Management

1684-5378 African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition

1015-8618 African Journal of Neurological Sciences

0065-4000 African Literature Today

8

Additional information about publishers and access may be added to each journal title in the authority record

• ISSN• Title• Rank in budgeting system• Publisher• Copyright and subscription policy:

Gold/Green/Red• Subscription price per page/cite/use

9

References may be linked to professional online bibliographies and to full text in OA journals, in self-archived documents, or in institutional archives

Research article Pharmaceutical-grade albumin: impaired drug-binding capacity in vitro Harald Olsen , Anders Andersen , Arve Nordbo , Ulf E Kongsgaard and Ole P Bormer BMC Clinical Pharmacology 2004, 4:4 (published 29 March 2004)

Søk etter referanser til forskningsresultater

Tittel Person Etternavn Fornavn

Kongsgaard

Ulf E

I nst./ enhet Universitetet i Oslo

Velg annen institusjon

--- Velg enhet ---

År Kategori Avgrens til hovedkategori ved å sette merke, eller velg underkategori fra nedtrekksliste.

-- Tidsskriftsartikkel --

-- Del av bok/rapport --

-- Mediebidrag --

-- Bok --

-- Foredrag --

-- Utstilling --

-- Rapport, avh. m.m. --

-- Poster --

-- Produkt --

Sortering Alfabetisk

Søk

Nullstill

10

Model for possible changes in thegeneral publication pattern

A B C

No budgeting by

bibliometrics

Budgeting,

no ranking

Budgeting

and ranking

11

Prestige and quality - and/or OA?(Two leading journals in astronomy publish

25 per cent of all articles in astronomy)

12

Assessment and financing must rely on the quality of the procedures in the publication channels

Editorial organization

Authors

Manu-scripts

Publica-tions

ReadersReviewers

13

What does a good journal, series or book publisher provide?

• Relatively unbiased quality control and distribution of academic merits

• Peer review as an attractive activity, not only as an obligation or as paid work

• Copy editing and formatting by experts• Editorial responsibility practiced in an open forum• International and inter-institutional debate and consensus

on scientific and scholarly standards and practices• Openness on ethical standards and possible fraud

14

Journals with and without subsidiesAverage number of subscribers to 91 internationally oriented

Scandinavian journals (Break even at 700)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Humanities Soc sci Nat sci Medicine

Non-ScandinaviansubscribersScandinaviansubscribers

15

The economy of subsidized journals and books

Subsidies

Subscription or salesrevenue

Editorial and publishing costs

Printing and distribution

16

Conclusion. Evaluation, assessment and funding of research

is important to research policy

From this perspective, a route that implies the following will probably not be chosen:

• Indifference with regard to the prestige of publication channels and the wider context of the peer review institution

• The idea that editing and publishing can be done at the institutional level rather than at the international level

• Full subsidies in the local producer end of research communication as an alternative to international market response

If this makes the difference between them, the green route to OA is more realistic than the golden route