dos and unix

7/29/2019 Dos and Unix

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PRESTIGE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

& RESEARCH

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR MANAGERSPRESENTATION- 1

SESSION 2011-12

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

PROF. DEEPAK JAROLIYA AMI MEHTA

PREETI RAJPAL

MBA(FT) 1ST SEM


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DOS AND UNIXOPERATING

SYSTEMS


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DOSDOS (Disk Operating System) was the

first widely-installed operating system forpersonal computers.

Developed to run single-user desktopcomputers because it manages jobs

sequentially from single user.


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TO RUN A DOS COMMAND :

IO.SYS

COMMAND.COM

CONFIG.SYS

AUTOEXEC.BAT


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FUNCTIONS OF DOS

It interacts with the software or various

application programs such as word

processor, electronic worksheets, accounting

programs etc. with the hardware.

It provides file management utilities that

perform some useful tasks such as disk

preparation, file operations.


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It coordinates with the functions of the

computer system.

It controls the execution of program

instructions.

It controls the way certain information is

displayed on the screen.


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DOS COMMANDS

AND ITS USES


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The DOS commands

There Are Two Types Of DOS Commands:

1. Internal Commands

2. External Commands

.


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INTERNAL DOS COMMANDS

All these commands which do not need anyexternal supporting files (except system files)are known as Internal DOS commands.

OR, DOS commands for which specificationsare available within the shell are calledinternal commands.

Some are :-

Directory Commands:

C:\> Dir

We can see all the files & directories of

current directory.


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C:\> Dir/W

We can see the directories list in width

wise number or manner.

C:\> Dir/W/P

We can see the list widthwise andpage wise.

C:\> Dir/sDisplays all the sub subdirectoriesunder the directory.


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File Commands:

1. COPY: This command is used for copying oneor more files from one location to another.

COPY A:\Accounts\History\**A:\

Command to copy all files under history subdirectory toroot directory of C drive


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Delete/Erase:

This command is used for deleting thespecified files.

DEL A:\project\proj2\one.bak

To delete file one.bak under proj2 fromsample directory list.


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Rename:

This command is used for renaming files

REN A:\project\cl.dat class.dat

To rename file cl.dat to class.dat underproject


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C:\> Date

We can see the display or sets thesystems date.

C:\> Vol

It displays disk volume label (name).

C:\> VerIt displays the current DOS number.


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C:\> RD C:\> RMDIR

C:\> RD\

By these commands, we can removeany directory, which already exists.


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EXTERNAL DOS COMMANDS

External commands are actually small,separate utility programs that accompany theoperating system and expand its usefulness.

The external commands are known as disk

bound commands. They reside in individualfiles on disk and must be loaded into primarymemory (RAM) before they can be executed


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Some commands are :-

TREE - It displays the sub directorystructure of a drive.

C:\> TREE

It displays all the sub directories withall the file names in each sub-directoryof any directory.


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TIME - It shows the current time of thecomputer.

C:\> TIME

UNDELETE - It recovers accidentlydeleted files.

C:\> UNDELETED < deleted file name>Key - Enter

C:\ = PATH


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UNIXThe UNIX operating system is a multi-

user, multi-tasking operating system

originally designed for programmer byAT&T emplyees at Bell Laboratories in1960.

It consists of Hardware, Kernel and Shell.


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KERNEL

The kernel is the heart of the UNIX OS. Itis a software application that providesthe interface between the hardware andthe user.

It handles the process, memory, file,device and network management for

the OS.The kernel is responsible for ensuring

that all system and user tasks are

performed concurrently.


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SHELL

It is the program between the user andthe kernel. It is the interpreter that

translates the commands that are typedinto the terminal session. Users cantype commands directly into the

terminal, or they can create a text filecontaining a series of commands thatcan be sent to the shell.


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UNIX COMMANDS

A UNIX command generally consists of a

single word comprised of alphabeticcharacter. The UNIX commands arealso case sensitive and usually

lowercase.

Some commands are as follows :-


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Cal - This command will print acalender for a specified month and / or

year.

To show this months calender, enter

cal To show a twelve-month calender for

2011, enter

cal 2011 To show a calender for just the months

of January 1990, enter

cal 6 1990


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2. date - This command displays the currentday, date, time and year.

To see this information, enter:date

3. PwdThis command helps in checking

your directory. for example:$pwd

/home/kumar


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4. Cd - This command changes your currentdirectory location. By default, your UNIX loginsession begins in your home directory.

To switch to a subdirectory named myfiles;enter

cd myfiles

To switch to a directory named

/home/empire_docs; entercd /home/empire_docs


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5. mkdirCommand for Making directories.

For example: $ mkdir test

6. rmdirCommand for Removingdirectories.

For example: $ rmdir progs

(The directory must be empty)

7. LsThis command used for listingdirectory contents. For example- $ ls

8. cp this command used in copying a file.

For example: $ cp chap01 progs/unit1.

9. rm This command used for deleting files.

For exam le: $ rm * (all files one)


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10.cat - This command gives the outputsof a text file. You can use it to read brieffiles or to bring files together.

To append file 1 onto the end of file 2,enter :

cat file 1 >> file 2

To overview the content of a file named

myfiles; enter :cat myfiles

Cat displays texts without pausing.


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11. mv-The mv command renames files. It hastwo distinct functions:

1. It renames a file(or directory)

2. It removes a group of files to a differentdirectory.

For example: $ mv chap01 man01

12. chmod (change mode)This command isused to set the permissions of one or more filesfor all three categories of users (user, group,others)


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13. Whowho command displays aninformative listing of the users.

$ who


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Thank You

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