double lock seam manual - | shannon corporation lock standing seam...near the sea, and 30 to 40...
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Main OfficeUmicore Building Products USA Inc.Magnolia Building, suite 1043120 Highwoods BoulevardRaleigh, NC 27604 Tel.: + 1 919 874 7173Fax: + 1 919 874 7140
West Coast OfficeUmicore Building Products USA Inc.208 Southwest 1st AvenueSuite 304Portland, OR 97204 Tel.: + 1 503 827 0600Fax: + 1 503 827 0770
This manual is intended as a supplement to PRO-ZINC®
training.
Contents include highlighted points on VM ZINC® to give thecontractor a general overview of this durable and versatilematerial.
The field installer is encouraged to refer directly to the areasof the manual which relate to his concern. Terms used inroofing vary regionally.
A Umicore brand
Architect: Stanley Saitowitz
Double Lock Seam ManualVM ZINC®
1
VM ZINC®
General information
The origin of zinc as a roofing material
dates back to the early-nineteenth
century Europe. Its use has grown to the
extent that today zinc is Europe’s number
one choice for metal roofing.
History
Between 1450 and 1500 the first
drawings were shown with single and
double seam techniques.
UMICORE
For over 160 years, UMICORE BUILDING
PRODUCTS has been providing innovative
building solutions for architects and
contractors around the world. Today
UMICORE BP is the world’s leading supplier
of zinc-based architectural products for
roofing, facades and rainwater systems.
Clearly, VM ZINC® is the superior choice for
metal roofing.
Qualities
Composition
The 99.995% pure zinc is alloyed with
small amounts of titanium, copper and
slight traces of aluminum for increased
strength, creep resistance, and less
thermal expansion.
Patina
VM ZINC® forms a natural protective layer
or patina. This process takes two to three
years and depends on the availability of
water and air.
Pre-weathered
Because the patination process occurs over
a period of time, and the material may
appear uneven in coloration during this
process, UMICORE BP offers two pre-
weathered surfaces:
- QUARTZ-ZINC®: a phosphatation is used to
create the aspect of naturally weathered
zinc - a dark grey.
- ANTHRA-ZINC: a phosphatation process is
used to create an almost black/slate-
effect zinc.
- NATURAL ZINC: Shiny as it comes out of
the mill, is also available.
>
QUARTZ-ZINC®
>NATURAL ZINC
>
ANTHRA-ZINC
direct exposure to ultra-violet rays and/or
apply an approved protective coating to
the VM ZINC®.
• Concrete, cement mortar
Wet concrete or mortar accidentally spilled
on VM ZINC® will stain the surface of the
material if not washed off immediately.
The staining is an aesthetic defect and
will not the affect the mechanics
performance of the zinc components.
• Sealants
Most sealants used in the roofing industry
are silicone-based. Some of the sealants
contain acids that will cause corrosion.
Use only VM ZINC® approved caulk and
sealant. Call our office for a list of
approved sealants.
2
VM ZINC PLUS®
A 60 micron thick liquid polymer heat-
adhered to the backside of the VM ZINC®
seals the metal to eliminate backside
corrosion and allow the material be
installed over incompatible substrate and
in warmroof applications without the use
of a”ventilation membrane”. VM ZINC
PLUS® can formed and shaped under
normal conditions as the coating will not
crack or split. When soldering, the coating
must be cleaned from the surface.
Lifespan
The longevity of zinc as a building
material is influenced mainly by the
thickness of the material and the
environment in which it is installed. In
conservative terms you can count on 90 to
100 years in rural areas, 40 to 70 years
near the sea, and 30 to 40 years in heavy
industrialized environments. Many
buildings in Europe still have their original
nineteenth-century roofs.
Zinc in relation to other metals
In the presence of moisture, the metal
with the highest potential in the electro-
chemical scale decomposes the metal
with a lower potential and causes its
destruction, over time, by accelerating
corrosion.
Because of this, it is necessary to be
careful when mixing metals to avoid
potentially harmful interaction. Combining
zinc and copper in the presence of water
creates an electric charge. As water runs
downhill, it transfers with it particles of
the material it crosses. For this reason, it is
important to avoid having a copper roof
above a zinc roof.
VM ZINC®
General information
Zinc in relation to various woods
When laying VM ZINC® on wooden
substrate, or installing wooden siding
above VM ZINC® components, care must be
exercised in the type of wood used. Wood
with a pH of less than 5 must be avoided
since it can have a corrosive effect on VM
ZINC® in the presence of humidity.
Plywood may also cause a problem in
terms of acidity and the presence of
tannins or phenolic glues.
Zinc in relation to other materials
• Bituminous felt
Bituminous felt must not be installed in
direct contact with or above zinc
components. With exposure to moisture
and sunlight, bituminous felt creates an
aggressive acid, which can stain or corrode
the zinc.
Bituminous corrosion is a common hazard,
and can be prevented with a protective
coating applied on regular basis.
Protect the bituminous membrane from
Al Pb Cu SST StAluminium Lead Copper Stainless steel Galvanised steel
ZINC + + - + +
+ permissible
- not permissible
Compatible Incompatible
Pine LarchSpruce Oak
Scots Pine ChestnutPoplar Red Cedar
Douglas FirWhite Cedar
3
PRO-ZINCBefore you start
Special consideration must be given for lead-time in material orderingand duration of installation. Remember, you are installing a roof systemthat is intended to last for multiple generations. Utmost care must be given to details, and procedures must be followedstrictly. The general contractor, the project manager, and the architectshould be made aware of these considerations and plan accordingly.“Failure to plan is a plan to fail.”
Sheetmetal contractors’ experience
Installer Qualification
Engage an experienced field installer who
has experience in sheet metal roofing
similar in material, design, forming
method, and to the extent indicated for
this project. Provide evidence of installer
participation in Umicore Building Products
USA Inc.® PRO-ZINC Training Course.
PRO-ZINC Training
Manual is not a substitute for
PRO-ZINC Training
You can’t learn to ride a bike by reading a
book and you won’t learn the craft of
installing VM ZINC® by reading a manual.
Umicore Building Products is proud to
employ master craftsmen specially trained
in VM ZINC® installation technique. It is
their job to provide training and technical
support to the field installer. This training
is mandatory for all installers of VM ZINC®.
Lead time for material orders
The majority of VM ZINC® roofing and wall
panels are stored in the continental USA.
However, each project is distinct in
character, and lead times vary. It is
important to maintain contact with your
responsible Technical Marketing Manager.
Handling recommendations
Avoid dropping zinc sheets, coils or
formed pieces: blows or punches in the
material can cause folds or bumps in
one or several parts of the sheets or
coils, which in turn can damage the
appearance of the product. Furthermore,
cracks may occur in these places over
time.
Avoid dragging or sliding of all products
over rough surfaces: deep scratches in
the material can also cause cracks
either during forming or after
installation, due to the effects of
expansion and contraction of the metal.
Avoid large temperature variations
during transportation: temperature
variations can cause condensation build-
up, which in turn will cause zinc
hydroxide (“white rust”) on the metal.
When shipped by containers, it is
essential to ventilate the containers
immediately upon receipt and store the
products as soon as possible in the
correct conditions outlined below.
Storage recommendations
Sheets and coils of zinc must be stored
in a well-ventilated, sheltered and dry
warehouse, with a constant
temperature to avoid condensation
build-up.
The humid conditions of the
southeastern United States may warrant
the use of de-humidifiers in the storage
facility.
4
PRO-ZINC
Sheets and coils of zinc must be
separated from the ground by a pallet,
to allow sufficient air space for the
proper ventilation of the products.
In order to avoid deformation of the
metal, sheets must be stored flat on the
pallet.
When coils are shipped, they may be
placed either eye-to-the sky or eye-to-
to the side, depending on the client’s
request. It is recommended that the
coils be stored in their original
packaging. If coils are to be stacked due
to lack of storage space, the following
recommendations must be respected:
- if coils are delivered on their horizontal
axis, the pallets must be stored in their
original packaging, and preferably
individually on separating racks;
- if coils are delivered on their vertical
axis, the pallets may be stored on top of
one another, up to a maximum of 4 pallets
for reasons of stability.
The time of storage of sheets and coils
must be as short as possible, especially on
site.
Protective film
Protective film comes standard on most
VM ZINC® products. The product should be
installed with the protective film in place
to help prevent scratches. The film should
be removed promptly after installation,
since the film is not UV resistant and
residues of the adhesives may remain on
the metal.
UMICORE BP recommends that the
protective film be removed no later than
six weeks after the date of installation.
Tools and machines
Hand tools
The double lock standing seam roofing
system is hundreds of years old. Naturally,
there have been many developments in
the area of tools. Zinc metalcraft has some
unique and very important considerations.
For example: cuts must be perfectly
smooth; never use shears with a serrated
edge. The turning radius on bends should
be rounded at the brake point to avoid
potential cracking. Seldom should a metal
hammer be used to strike the zinc. Always
use an approved plastic mallet for shaping
and seaming. See our website:
www.vmzinc-us.com, to purchase
recommended sets of tools.
Brakes
If your shop is equipped with a press-style
metal brake, use your most round radius
die. This applies to bench brakes as well.
Use the manufacturer’s most rounded
press bar and adjust the brake bar to
material thickness. When using a typical
bench brake or portable, and a round
radius pressbar is not available, try the
following procedure:
Loosen the tension on the brakebar. Start
your bend approximately 1/8” before the
desired brake point and bend only to
about 1/3 the desired bend degree. Move
the metal to the desired brake point and
complete the bend.
Note: Always consider material thickness
and turning radius in measuring.
Rollformer
Few rollformers are appropriate for
forming VM ZINC® panels. As with the
metal brake, the panels require subtle
radius bends as well as lateral allowances
for expansion and contraction. For these
reasons, Umicore BP strongly recommends
the use of our preformed panels.
5
Installation
Seamers
Seaming, or welting, is the most
important element of the double lock
standing seam system. There are three
main ways to seam VM ZINC®:
- with plastic mallet and anvil,
- with a variety of hand seaming tools,
- with an electric mechanical seamer.
Panel lengthStandard lengths are 33’ (≈ 10 m). Lengths
greater than 40‘(≈ 12 m) have been
successfully installed with specific Umicore
Building Products recommendations, and
function without any problem.
The standing seam method ensures maximum waterproofing in snowyregions or in areas of heavy rainfall. In addition, it offers very goodwind resistance in extremely windy areas. Regarding aesthetics, thelow height of the seams contributes to the modernity, lightness andregularity of the roofing in its architectural function. Installing a doublelock standing seam roof system gives the metalcrafter the opportunityto demonstrate his talent.
Seam Height Panel width 19 11/16” (500 mm)
1” (25 mm) 16 15/16” (430 mm)
1 1/2” (38 mm) 15 11/16” (405 mm)
Minimum slope1:12 (≈ 5º) is the minimum required slope
for VM ZINC® Double Lock Standing Seam
roof systems.
Panel widthUmicore Building Products provides sheets
and coils in 19 11/16” (500 mm) as
standard. The center-to-center distances
between seams will depend on the height
of the seam being created. Refer to the
table for approximate distances between
each lateral seam.
Note: Clips between panels will add to the
overall lateral spacing.
6
Sub-construction
Pine wood3/4” close-jointed pine is probably the best
wooden substrate for VM ZINC®. Joints
should be no more than 1/2”(12 mm)
apart. Minimum width of board is 3 1/2“(90
mm). 3/4” (19 mm) tongue and groove
boarding is also permitted.
Plywood
Exterior grade 3/4” plywood is an approved
roof deck for VM ZINC®. It is advisable to
use plywood with the highest number of
laminations available.
Particle board or OSB
Is not permitted.
Mineral wool
Is permitted. The minimum allowable
density is 11lbs/ft3. See VM ZINC®
structural roof.
Foam glass
Is permitted according to the VM ZINC®
specifications.
See the manufacturer’s recommendations
or VM ZINC® COMPACT ROOF.
Underlayment
Tarpaper, organic felt, and bituminous
membrane typically used to dry in the
building are not compatible with VM ZINC®
and must be avoided. The acidity and
water-holding tendencies of these
products will severely damage VM ZINC®.
Natural metal installations in the past have
required a slip-sheet such as rosin paper
between the metal and the substrate.
Installation
UMICORE BP has developed ROOFSHIELD®
to accomplish dry-in and slip-sheet in one
step. Roofshield must be used with ZINC
PLUS.
ROOFSHIELD® by proctor
ROOFSHIELD® is adapted to temporary
protection of the roof work. It is UV
resistant and can stay uncovered for 2
months.
Because of its water vapor permeability,
water trapped under the membrane
before the installation of the zinc panels
can be eliminated by vapor diffusion.
ROOFSHIELD® also acts as a slip-sheet
allowing the free expansion/contraction of
VM ZINC®. It also separates VM ZINC® from
incompatible substrate.
Clips
UMICORE BP has done extensive
research and development in the area of
fixing and sliding clips. VM ZINC® clips
shall be the only clips ever used. They
have been specifically engineered for the
VM ZINC® Roof System and must be
spaced and screwed as specified. The clips
are designed to withstand negative load
requirements, control creep while allowing
expansion, are non-corrosive, and have
minimal impact on the outward
appearance.
Fixing clips
VM ZINC® Fixed Clips: 300 Series Stainless
Steel Clips. Thickness: 0.024” (0.6 mm).
UMICORE BP manufactures a roof system with exact specifications forunderlayment, clips, fasteners, panels, detail solutions and installationpractices. Deviation from specifications will jeopardize the life span ofthe roof and therefore voidany warranties.
Sheet clips
Flashing and joints at lateral seams shall
be fixed with the use of sheet clips to
avoid water infiltration and possible
tearing during thermal movement.
>
>>
The clip is pre-punched with counter-sunk
holes for attachment.
Sliding clips
VM Zinc® Expansion Clips: 300 Series
Stainless Steel Clips. Thickness: 0.024” (0.6
mm) fixed base with 0.020” (0.5 mm)
thick sliding part. The sliding clip base
incorporates 2 3/4” (70 mm) slot to permit
movement. The clip is pre-punched with
counter-sunk holes for attachment.
7
Installation
Position of fixing and sliding clips
VM ZINC‚ sliding clips and fixed clips shall be placed every 18”. For a distance of 1/8 of
the length of the roof on all eaves, ridges, and rakes, clips shall be placed 12” on
center with a minimum of 3 clips.
Location of fixing clips depends on roof slope. Use the chart above to determine the
location of the fixing clips on your roof.
Note: Use five fixing clips unless otherwise specified.
Screws
All fasteners must be seated in pre-punched, countersunk holes of VM ZINC®. Clips to
eliminate the potential for contact and abrasion between fastener head and panel.
Fastener head profile shall eliminate telegraphing through metal panel. Fasteners shall
be selected to resist all negative design load requirements. Minimum pullout strength:
112 lbf (50 daN)
Note: Do not use screws other than those specified without consulting our Technical
Engineering Department.
Recommendations
- VM ZINC® Oval Head Self Drilling 316 Stainless Steel Fastener by SFS Stadler
80, 120 & 160 mm with 4,8 mm thread diameter
- #10 deck screws, 8 mm bugle head, #2 square drive, 316 stainless steel
8
InstallationPanel layout
Hints for layout
Use chalk lines to establish your layout and help maintain
alignment. Opinions vary on seam direction in relation to the
main wind direction. The prevailing school of thought among
UMICORE Building Products trainers is that is it best to start in the
middle of the roof with a double male leg starter panel and work
in two directions.
End panel
If the end panel’s width falls on the layout so that it is 8”
(20.5 cm) or less, take the last two panels and divide them into
two equal panels larger than 8” (20.5 cm).
The width of the end panel shall not exceed the regular panel
width. This is very important, because along with the ridge and
eave, the rake receives heavy wind uplift. Narrow end panels
will put more clips where they are needed most.
Panel length
The common panel length for the double lock standing seam and
angle seam is 33’ (≈ 10 m).
Larger strips have to be divided in two or more pieces.
Special VM ZINC® sliding clips allow strips larger than 33’ (≈ 10 m),
but extra attention has to be paid on every detail to compensate
for the increased thermal movement.
Transverse seams
When the length of the roof exceeds the maximum allowable
length, it is necessary to join the panels using transverse
junctions.
Seaming
Seaming, or crimping, is where the two panels are connected
and joined to the clips. This is a critical phase of the double lock
standing seam system. It is important to remember that the
Double Lock Standing Seam roof is rain-safe, but not watertight
unless extra measures are taken to make it so. (e.g., use of
UMICORE Building Products seaming oil).
Hand seaming
The softness and malleability of zinc make its shaping, forming,
and seaming attractive to the metalcrafter. Care must be taken
when hand seaming to avoid punctures and scratches. If
hammering, only close seams with a plastic mallet using an
anvil as backside support. Do not close seams too tightly.
Machine seaming
Before the mechanical crimping of the up-stands, the first fold of
the up-stand is formed manually using first seam closing tools
every 3 feet (≈ 1 m). Consult the owner’s manual for your
machine for it’s particular operating instructions. Then be sure to
monitor the operation closely.
Cold weather installation
All metals become more brittle when they are cold. If the
temperature of the zinc is not at least 45ºF (7ºC) when it is
installed, it may be subject to brittle fracturing.
When working in cold environments, particularly over several
days, the zinc should be stored in a dry, warm place. Many
electrical seaming machines have heating units available. Please
check with the manufacturer of your specific seaming machine.Single transverse seam >= 5 : 12 (25°)
Double weld transverse seam >= 2.12:12 (10°)
Roofstep >= 1 :12 (3°)
Don’t be deceived by the appearance of straight vertical lines and conclude that panel layout is simple or
could be taken lightly. A well-planned layout strategy will save time and enhance appearance. It is advisable
to take diagonal measurements to assess how square the sub-construction is.
9
Double lock standing seamdetails
Details
Two distinct characteristics of VM ZINC®
are:
- It will outlast any available sealant
- Changes in temperature have a
dramatic effect on the material.
The details used for Double Lock Standing
Seam roofs have been developed in
Europe, over the last several hundred
years, with these characteristics in mind.
Note: The following are three-dimensional
illustrations of the described details. Use
the Web-link to access more thorough
schematics.
Eave detail
How hot is it today?
Is your metal at is full rate of expansion?
If you are installing in very hot weather, you have to leave more
space between the eave flashing and the bend in the panel than
if you are installing in cooler weather. Never crimp eave
terminations tightly, to avoid capillary action.
Ridge detail
The commonly used Z-Bar will not be practical for VM ZINC®
because the panel shall never be through-fastened. The PRO-ZINC-
style ridge detail allows lateral movement while eliminating any
possibility of water infiltration. Perforated zinc is used for
ventilation at the ridge.
Perforated zinc greatly diminishes vermin or insect infestation,
but also reduces airflow by ≈ 50%. What this means is that if your
roof requires a one-inch ventilation slot, you should have two
inches of perforated zinc area.
High snow areas require the use labyrinth-style ridge-caps.
10
Double lock standing seamdetails
Hip detail
Opposing roofs, when using VM ZINC®, must be separated. Hip
details generally look best if terminated in a manner similar to
the ridge. This, unlike seaming, separates the roof areas and
allows independent movement.
Rake detail
There are a variety of approved rake terminations. A handsomely
executed edge lends distinction to your project. Use an approved
edge and never use screws, rivets or nails through its surface.
Remember to leave 1” (25 mm) space between the rake fascia
and the edge metal.
Inside corner
The inside corner shall be folded in a manner as to negate the
use of cuts, caulk, rivets, etc. Most installers are pleased to find
that this long-lasting solution is also the quickest.
Penetrations
Roof penetrations pose a major challenge in VM ZINC® roofing. A
chimney or pipe may create a fixed point in the roof, and
possibly a maintenance requirement. Proper executions of
flashing details will lessen the impact of penetrations on thermal
movement.
Chimney
Chimney cladding is a focal point of PRO-ZINC and can only be
completely explained with proper training. Basic points to
remember are:
• Leave space for expansion (approx. a finger width).
• Flashing shall turn a minimum of 6” (≈ 15 cm) up all sides.
• Never fix flashing directly to the chimney
• A chimney that exceeds 36” (91.44 cm) requires a water-
diverting cricket.
• Recommended counter flashing is a continuous termination bar
style.
• Reglets let into the masonry are not recommended.
Plumbing
Pipe penetrations must be centered in the panel. A penetration
in the seam will leak and lead to failure.
Carefully locate pipes on the layout by coordinating with the
plumber. Pipe boots must be cone-shaped to allow movement.
≈6”
11
Maintenance
Special considerations
It is inevitable that someone is going to have something they
need to put on the roof which requires special consideration.
Some examples might be:
• Satellite dish,
• Lightening rod,
• Antennas, etc...
Finding a solution involves your sense of how a VM ZINC® system
roof functions. Do not create a fixed point or through-fastening.
Often a conical flashing similar to a pipe boot is the best
solution. When in doubt always consult with your VM ZINC®
team.
Maintenance
Cleaning
The natural cleaning process of wind and rain is the preferred
means of cleaning VM ZINC®. More aggressive cleaning measures
should be used only in areas of necessity. Heavy dirt and
decaying leaves may be swept or blown off and the metal may
be rinsed with a standard pressure hose. High-pressure cleaning
may damage the patina pre-weathered surface.
14
Factory formed double lockstanding seam panels
Not all Roll formers are set up to form zinc panels, in fact
most of them are not. The radii in the bends for zinc are
different to the ones typically used for other metals. Zinc
being a more brittle material than others might crack when
being bent in the wrong (too sharp) angle.
The details that the architect has used to detail the job are
details that are based on the roll forming capabilities of
Umicore Building Product equipment.
Some roll formers when not being set up to form zinc might
enhance the waviness in zinc and lead to unwelcome oil
canning. Unusable panels that you produce are at your costs
because you would have to buy new zinc to replace them.
Our panels and the related fasteners are a system and
guaranteed to fit and work together. If you break up this
system you are responsible for its performance, of what is
now your system.
Umicore Building Product panels are UL-rated. If you make
your own panels that would not be the case unless you go
through the necessary motions and costs to have them rated.
Many of you might have roll forming equipment at your disposal andmight be tempted to form your own panel. Umicore advises that youpurchase panel formed zinc panel in lieu of sheets & coils.
Roll forming on site or in your warehouse takes precious time
away from your staff. Typically the hourly rates of a
roofer/sheet metal worker are higher than those of shop
workers. Your installed costs would typically be lower if you
purchase preformed panels
If you let Umicore Building Product form the VM ZINC® panels
- the quality insurance and management of the panels is "on
us". Hence you would have the advantage of having the
refining of the metal, it's rolling and the manufacturing of
panels in one hand. This leaves only one party to talk to for
all your technical questions and concerns.
Most Architects and Owners like our standard eave detail as
shown on page.9 and consequently specify it. As described on
page 4 of this manual there are hand tools available for
purchase to do this detail. Still hand-notching on side requires
skill, patience and time and might cause delays in the laying
process. If you purchase panels from Umicore Building Product
you can order the eaves on the concerned panels pre-notched
that brings your installation labor costs significantly down.