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Chapter Overview
• Understanding Data Restoration Issues
• Understanding the Types of Database Backups
• Understanding the Restoration Process
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Data Restoration Goals
• Provide fault tolerance where possible.
• Monitor for problems before they occur.
• Plan for all forms of disasters.
• Determine acceptable data restoration times for each type of disaster.
• Quickly verify proper database functionality.
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Types of Data Backups
Full database backup Differential database backup
Filegroup (or file) backup
Differential filegroup (or file) backup
Transaction log backup
Snapshot backup technology
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Types of Data Restorations
Full database restore Filegroup (or file) restore with full recovery
Recovery to a point in time
Recovery to a named transaction
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Databases to Back Up
• Applicable user databases
• The master system database
• The msdb system database
• The model system database, if this database has been customized
• The distribution system database, if replication is being used
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Components of a Data Restoration Plan
• Document the entire system.
• Document the backup plan.
• Automate backups.
• Test the backup plan.
• Store backup media securely.
• Determine how long to retain backups.
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Full Database Backups
• Complete copy of a database as of the end of the backup.
• Online backup with only a small impact on performance.
• Either a full database backup or a backup of all filegroups is the starting point for a database restoration.
• Perform after initial population of the database and periodically thereafter.
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Differential Database Backups
• Complete copy of all database changes since the last full database backup
• Records only the most recent change
• Length of time required proportional to the number of modified extents
• Generally uses significantly less space than a full database backup
• Use with medium to large databases between full database backups
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File and Filegroup Backups
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Differential File and Filegroup Backups
• Complete copy of all changes in file or filegroup since the last full file or filegroup backup
• Conceptually the same as differential database backups
• Use to back up frequently changing tables in between full file or filegroup backups
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Transaction Log Backups
• Sequential record of changes since the last transaction log backup.
• At the end of a transaction log backup, all VLFs containing inactive portions of the transaction log are truncated.
• Time and space required depends on frequency of changes to the database and frequency of transaction log backups.
• Frequency of transaction log backups depends on several factors.
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Full Database Backup Strategy
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Full Database and Transaction Log Backup Strategy
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Differential Backup Strategy
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Database File or Filegroup Backup Strategy
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Automatic Recovery Process
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Recovery Process Using a Full Database Backup
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Recovery Process Using Filegroup (or File) Backups
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Restoration and Recovery to Another Point in Time
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Recovery Scenarios
• A user database data disk failure
• A user database transaction log disk failure
• A master database disk failure
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Chapter Summary
• Develop, document, and test a data restoration strategy that anticipates all forms of disasters.
• Perform full database backups regularly, and use differential database backups between full backups to reduce recovery time.
• Perform frequent transaction log backups to provide redundancy and to truncate the transaction log.
• Use the Full Recovery model if point-in-time recovery or recovery to a specific mark is needed.