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Introduction toRobotics
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The History of Robotics The Laws of Robots
The Definition of a Robot
The importance and role of Robots in
manufacturing industry
Outlines
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At the end of this session you should be able to
Describe the history of robotics State the three laws of robots
State the definitions related to Robotics
Correctly
Explain clearly the importance and role of
Robots in manufacturing industry
Applications
Advantages, and
Limitations
Outcomes
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History of the words "ROBOT"
and "ROBOTICS" The word "Robot" comes from the 1921 play
"R.U.R." (Rossum's Universal Robots) a myth bythe Czech writer Karel Capek (pronounced"chop'ek").◦ "Robot" comes from the Czech word "robota",
meaning "forced labor."
◦ Karel Capek died just after the German invasion ofCzechoslovakia in 1938, before the Gestapo (theGerman secret police) could get to him.
◦ The play was a great success when it opened in theU.S.
The word "robotics" also comes from sciencefiction - it first appeared in the short story"Runaround" (1942) by Isaac Asimov.◦ This story was later included in Asimov's famous book
"I, Robot."
◦ The robot stories of Isaac Asimov also introduced theidea of a "positronic brain" (used by the character"Data" in Star Trek) and the "three laws of robotics.“
This is a robot from the 1921
play "R.U.R." (image from the
Robot Museum web site).
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In the early 1800’s mechanical puppets were first
built in Europe, just for entertainment value.◦ And these were called robots since there parts
were driven by linkage and cams and controlledby rotating drum selectors.
In 1801 Joseph Maria Jacquard made the nextgreat change and invented the automatic drawloom.
◦ The draw loom would punch cards and wasused to control the lifting of thread in fabricfactories.
◦ This was the first to be able to store a programand control a machine.
After that there were many small changes inrobotics but we were slowly moving forward.
(UK Robot. 2001)
History of Robotics
http://www.bsu.edu/web/MAWILLIAMS/history.html
The first industrial robots
The first industrial robots were Unimatesdeveloped by George Devol and JoeEngelberger in the late 50’s and early 60’s.
The first patents was by Devol butEngelberger formed Unimation which wasthe first market robots.
So Engelberger has been called the “fatherof robotics”.
For a while the economic viability of these
robots proved disastrous and thing sloweddown for robotics.
But the industry recovered and by the mid-80’s robotics was back on track.
(Dowling, Kevin. 1996 )
George Devol Jr, in 1954 developed
the multi-jointed artificial arm whichlead to the modern robots.
But mechanical engineer Victor
Scheinman, developed the truly
flexible arm known as the
Programmable Universal
Manipulation Arm (PUMA).(MSN Leaning & Research. 2002 )
Development of modern robots The laws for robots In 1950 Isaac Asimov came up with laws for robots
and these were:
1. A robot may not injure a human being, or
through inaction allow a human being to come
to harm.
2. A robot must obey the orders given it by
human beings, except where such orders
would conflict with the first law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as longas such protection does not conflict with the
first or second law.
(Robotics Introduction. 2001.)
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Brain Storming In 30 seconds, think of what is the general meaning of
Robotics
What is Robotics?
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Manipulating industrial robotas defined in ISO 8373
An automatical ly contro lled,
reprogrammable,
multipurpose, manipulator
programmable in three or
more axes, which may be
either fixed in place or mobile
for use in industrial
automation applications.
DEFINITION OF A ROBOT
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Based on the definition of ROBOTICS, state whether the
Robot A, B and C below satisfy ISO 8373 or otherwise.
Explain why ?
– Please discuss with the person next to you in three minute
s
Understanding & Explaining
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A CB
Listen carefully
Take the important notes
Watch this movie
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