1 epc 431 introduction to robotics 2015handout

8/10/2019 1 EPC 431 Introduction to Robotics 2015HANDOUT

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Introduction toRobotics

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The History of Robotics The Laws of Robots

The Definition of a Robot

The importance and role of Robots in

manufacturing industry

Outlines

2

At the end of this session you should be able to

Describe the history of robotics State the three laws of robots

State the definitions related to Robotics

Correctly

Explain clearly the importance and role of

Robots in manufacturing industry

Applications

Advantages, and

Limitations

Outcomes

3

History of the words "ROBOT"

and "ROBOTICS" The word "Robot" comes from the 1921 play

"R.U.R." (Rossum's Universal Robots) a myth bythe Czech writer Karel Capek (pronounced"chop'ek").◦ "Robot" comes from the Czech word "robota",

meaning "forced labor."

◦ Karel Capek died just after the German invasion ofCzechoslovakia in 1938, before the Gestapo (theGerman secret police) could get to him.

◦ The play was a great success when it opened in theU.S.

The word "robotics" also comes from sciencefiction - it first appeared in the short story"Runaround" (1942) by Isaac Asimov.◦ This story was later included in Asimov's famous book

"I, Robot."

◦ The robot stories of Isaac Asimov also introduced theidea of a "positronic brain" (used by the character"Data" in Star Trek) and the "three laws of robotics.“

This is a robot from the 1921

play "R.U.R." (image from the

Robot Museum web site).



In the early 1800’s mechanical puppets were first

built in Europe, just for entertainment value.◦ And these were called robots since there parts

were driven by linkage and cams and controlledby rotating drum selectors.

In 1801 Joseph Maria Jacquard made the nextgreat change and invented the automatic drawloom.

◦ The draw loom would punch cards and wasused to control the lifting of thread in fabricfactories.

◦ This was the first to be able to store a programand control a machine.

After that there were many small changes inrobotics but we were slowly moving forward.

(UK Robot. 2001)

History of Robotics

http://www.bsu.edu/web/MAWILLIAMS/history.html

The first industrial robots

The first industrial robots were Unimatesdeveloped by George Devol and JoeEngelberger in the late 50’s and early 60’s.

The first patents was by Devol butEngelberger formed Unimation which wasthe first market robots.

So Engelberger has been called the “fatherof robotics”.

For a while the economic viability of these

robots proved disastrous and thing sloweddown for robotics.

But the industry recovered and by the mid-80’s robotics was back on track.

(Dowling, Kevin. 1996 )

George Devol Jr, in 1954 developed

the multi-jointed artificial arm whichlead to the modern robots.

But mechanical engineer Victor

Scheinman, developed the truly

flexible arm known as the

Programmable Universal

Manipulation Arm (PUMA).(MSN Leaning & Research. 2002 )

Development of modern robots The laws for robots In 1950 Isaac Asimov came up with laws for robots

and these were:

1. A robot may not injure a human being, or

through inaction allow a human being to come

to harm.

2. A robot must obey the orders given it by

human beings, except where such orders

would conflict with the first law.

3. A robot must protect its own existence as longas such protection does not conflict with the

first or second law.

(Robotics Introduction. 2001.)



Brain Storming In 30 seconds, think of what is the general meaning of

Robotics

What is Robotics?

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Manipulating industrial robotas defined in ISO 8373

An automatical ly contro lled,

reprogrammable,

multipurpose, manipulator

programmable in three or

more axes, which may be

either fixed in place or mobile

for use in industrial

automation applications.

DEFINITION OF A ROBOT

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Based on the definition of ROBOTICS, state whether the

Robot A, B and C below satisfy ISO 8373 or otherwise.

Explain why ?

– Please discuss with the person next to you in three minute

s

Understanding & Explaining

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A CB

Listen carefully

Take the important notes

Watch this movie

12



Thank you Please submit your team notes

with the members’ names as

assignment and your attendance

for today

The End

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1 epc 431 introduction to robotics 2015handout

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