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Making Tough Choices Easier: A Prioritization Process for Pedestrian Infrastructure Improvements
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The need
End-user interview results
Explainable to public and funders
Standardized Practical Safety-oriented
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SRTSprojectidentification
Step 1: Prioritize schools
Step 2: Conduct field reviews of highest priority schools
RESULT: Ped infrastructure needs for highest priority schools
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Group the schools
Based on Crash history Safety concerns Current or potential pedestrian use
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Group the schools
1 Current walking, crash history. Ideally school interest
2 Current walking, public/school concerns.
3 Few students currently walk because of safety concerns.
4 Few students walk due to distance or costly infrastructure barriers
5 Students walk to the school & walking environment generally safe
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Prioritize within Group 1 (maybe 2)
Use road and driver characteristics Traffic volume and speed Crossings Infrastructure
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Additional considerations Geography
Low income communities
Interest
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Worksheet
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SRTSprojectidentification
Step 1: Prioritize schools
Step 2: Conduct field reviews of highest priority schools
RESULT: Ped infrastructure needs for highest priority schools
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Step 2: Field review
(excerpt)
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Learn more at www.saferoutesinfo.org
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Jessica Manzi, PEFormerly of the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA)
San Francisco’s Safe Routes to School Prioritization System
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Presentation Overview
San Francisco & SRTS-SF Background
School assignment policy – commute study
Infrastructure prioritization system
Non-infrastructure prioritization system
Lessons learned
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Background on San Francisco
49 square miles on tip of a peninsula
Over 800,000 people One city and one county SF has one public school
district w. 100 schools
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SRTS in SF, before prioritization
School Area Safety Program – Bus and passenger loading– Traffic engineering requests around
schools– Evaluation sites for crossing guards– Apply for and manage SR2S/SRTS grants– Limited education/encouragement
Grant locations selected from:– Requests from schools/parents/residents– Requests from elected officials– Approved traffic calming plans– Staff-identified need
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SRTS San Francisco
SF DPH
SFUSD
SFPD
DOESFMTA
SFBC•YBike
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School Commute Study
Change in school assignment policy
UCSF conducted evaluation of school commute with over 12,000 students in K, 5th, 6th, and 9th grades
Study included – 72 out of 73 elementary schools– 12 out of 13 middle schools– All 14 high schools
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SRTS prioritization system
ITE Journal article by Carl Sundstrom, Nancy Pullen-Seufert, et al (Feb 2010)
Used results from UCSF school commute study, crash data, demographic data
Modified procedure to fit needs of both infrastructure and non-infrastructure projects
Buena Vista Elementary25th St & Utah St.
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SRTS prioritization system
Infrastructure improvements
– Prioritize schools with a lot of kids walking and safety concerns
Non-infrastructure projects
– Prioritize schools with the highest potential for more walkers
Jefferson Elementary
Golden Gate Park
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SRTS Prioritization System-Infrastructure
Prioritize schools with a lot of kids walking and safety concerns Step 1: Compile data
– Total school enrollment (SFUSD)– % who walk to school (UCSF)– Calculate total walkers– Pedestrian-involved crashes (SFMTA)
Step 2: Classify schools into (5) tiers– Calculate quartiles (total walkers, ped
collisions)– Classify each school
Step 3: Reality checkJohn Muir Elementary
Page & Webster Streets
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SRTS Prioritization System-Infrastructure (cont.)
Step 4: Rank within tiers– % students living within 1 mile – % qualifying for free/reduced lunch– % of crashes during school hours– Severity of crashes
OR
Step 4: Feasibility screen– Work already planned/completed– Coordination opportunities– Scope budget v. grant budget– Scope v. funding source
Longfellow Elementary
Morse Street, east of Mission Street
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SRTS prioritization system –Non-infrastructure (5 E’s)
Prioritize schools with the highest potential for more walkers Step 1: Compile data
– Total school enrollment (SFUSD)– % living w/in 1 mile (SFUSD +
Excel plug-in)– % who walk to school (UCSF)– Calculate # of non-walkers
Step 2: Rank by non-walkers Step 3: Solicit participation
Jefferson Elementary
19th Avenue & Irving St.
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Lessons Learned
Focus on the goal Use what you have
(data, relationships) Take advantage of
time-sensitive opportunities
Be creative with funding
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Contact us
Jessica Manzi, PECity of Redwood City(650)780-7372, [email protected]
Ana Validzic, MPHSan Francisco Dept. of Public Health(415) 581-2478, [email protected]
Ellen Robinson, PESan Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency(415) 701-4322; [email protected]
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David Henderson, Miami-Dade MPOStewart Robertson, Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.
Pro Walk Pro Bike Pro PlaceSeptember 11th 2012
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School Board CTST
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Study Goals• Develop a formalized method to prioritize
Miami-Dade elementary and K-8 schools for Safe Routes to School (SRTS) infrastructure improvements
• Develop SRTS plans and infrastructure improvements for 10 priority schools
• Prepare FDOT SRTS infrastructure funding applications for the 10 schools
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Public Schools Database• Number of K-5/K-8 schools – 219• SRTS plans complete/funding applied – 62• Number of schools considered in 2011 – 157
The School Prioritization Process ranked the remaining 157 Elementary and K-8 schools based on need.
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Prioritization FactorsFactor Source NotesPercent of students walking to school
Miami-Dade County Public Schools and UM WALKSAFE program
Weighted x2
Students living within 0.5 miles of attended school
Miami-Dade County Public Schools GIS
Juvenile pedestrian crashes
Miami-Dade MPO
Total pedestrian and bicycle crashes
Miami-Dade MPO
Traffic volume on the nearest major street
FDOT and Miami-Dade County
Automobile ownership Miami-Dade MPO Weighted x0.5
Prioritization is based on composite rank of individual factors
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Prioritization Rankings
Prioritization is based on composite rank of individual factors
• Excerpt…
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Prioritization Rankings• First county-wide prioritization of Miami-Dade
schools for SRTS improvements based on need• Quantitative process using available data• Assumes the six factors have a direct correlation
with a school’s potential for benefits
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Potential Drawbacks• Does not include existing pedestrian
infrastructure levels– Field reviews were conducted to address this factor
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Possible Future Modifications• Consider obtaining input from school principals
on the relative need for SRTS improvements– Perhaps through annual WALKSAFE survey
• Consider replacing “automobile ownership” with “percentage of students eligible for free or reduce lunch” as a proxy for income level– Available from Miami-Dade County Public Schools
at the school level
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Top 10 School Selection• Used quantitative priority rankings as a starting
point– Removed magnet schools– Removed ideal scenario schools with few apparent
infrastructure needs
• Developed revised list of Top 10 Priority Schools to move into SRTS Plan and SRTS Application process
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School Address Municipality Priority RankPhyllis Ruth Miller Elementary 840 NE 87th Street Miami 2
Jesse J. McCrary Jr. Elementary 514 NW 77th Street Miami 3
Toussaint L'ouverture Elementary 120 NE 59th Street Miami 5
Kensington Park Elementary 711 NW 30th Avenue Miami 6
Santa Clara Elementary 1051 NW 29th Terrace Miami 10
Linda Lentin K-8 Center 14312 NE 2nd Court Unincorporated Miami-Dade 11
Phillis Wheatley Elementary 1801 NW 1st Place Miami 12
North Hialeah Elementary 4251 E 5th Avenue Hialeah 16
Natural Bridge Elementary 1650 NE 141st Street North Miami 33
Oak Grove Elementary 15640 NE 8th Avenue Unincorporated Miami-Dade 35
Top 10 Schools
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Location Map of Top 10
Schools
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SRTS Plan Methodology• GIS data analysis• School meetings
– Principals
– PTSAs
– CTST
• Parent surveys• Student arrival and departure travel tallies• Site assessments
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Site Assessments
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Typical Recommended Improvements
• Sidewalks• Crosswalks• Signage• Traffic signal upgrades• School zone flashers• Rectangular rapid
flashing beacons (RRFBs)
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1
2
1
2
Typical Routes
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Acknowledgments• School staff, students, and parents• Miami-Dade MPO• Miami-Dade County Public Schools• Miami-Dade County Public Works and Waste
Management Department• University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
WALKSAFE• School Board Community Traffic Safety Team (CTST)